CN102347616A - Reactive compensation method with resonance detection and harmonic wave overcurrent protection and device thereof - Google Patents
Reactive compensation method with resonance detection and harmonic wave overcurrent protection and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102347616A CN102347616A CN2011102821964A CN201110282196A CN102347616A CN 102347616 A CN102347616 A CN 102347616A CN 2011102821964 A CN2011102821964 A CN 2011102821964A CN 201110282196 A CN201110282196 A CN 201110282196A CN 102347616 A CN102347616 A CN 102347616A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/40—Arrangements for reducing harmonics
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Abstract
The invention relates to a reactive compensation method with resonance detection and harmonic wave overcurrent protection and a device thereof, which relate to the technical field of power distribution network. The reactive compensation method with resonance detection and harmonic wave overcurrent protection comprises the following steps of: (1) collecting electric quantity parameters of a power grid; (2) calculating the collected electric quantity parameters through fast fourier transform; (3) carrying out system fault self-detection; (4) carrying out voltage judgment; (5) calibrating capacity of a capacitor under the current voltage; (6) confirming the best combination of switching of the capacitor through a self-organizing control strategy; (7) judging whether the switching condition of the capacitor is met according to the current power grid condition; (8) carrying out resonance detection and resonance disturbance control; and (9) carrying out capacitor switching control. The device adopting the method comprises a CPU (Central Processing Unit) mainboard, an analog quantity collecting panel, a power panel, an open control panel and a display panel. According to the invention, the response speed is fast, the best capacitor compensation combination can be accurately confirmed, the oscillation generated when a capacitor bank is switched is avoided, and meanwhile, reliable guarantee is provided for the safety operation of equipment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the distribution network technical field, relate in particular to a kind of reactive-load compensation method and device thereof with resonance detection and harmonic wave overcurrent protection.
Background technology
Electric load major part in the electrical network belongs to inductive load, and like motor, transformer etc., in running, needing provides corresponding reactive power to these equipment.In electrical network, install after the reactive-load compensation equipment such as shunt capacitor; The reactive power that can provide inductive load to consume; Reduced the reactive power that electric network source provides, carried by circuit to inductive load; Owing to reduced reactive power flowing in electrical network, therefore can reduce the electric energy loss of circuit and transformer because of carrying reactive power to cause.The weak point of present employed reactive power compensator is: 1, the core is with 8 or 16 single-chip microcomputers, and response speed is slow, and precision is low, and data-handling capacity is poor.2, selecting cos φ for use is detection limit, yet cos φ can not reflect idle component size in the electrical network exactly.When heavy duty, though idle component is big, because accounting is heavy little in total load, cos φ is also bigger, even is higher than the setting value of system balance, makes device make the decision of uncompensation; When underloading, idle component is little, but power factor might be also little, makes device make the decision of compensation, causes benefit after the input, excises electric capacity again and causes throw in-of oscillation.The compensation blind area of general device also can cause the switching concussion simultaneously.3, the switched capacitor mode of device generally is divided into switching cycle and coding switching.In theory, the mode of coding switching capacitance can be utilized the space and the element of capacitor box to greatest extent, makes same capacitor box, has thinner compensation progression or bigger compensation range.Such as, be 4 group capacitors equally, switching cycle has only 4 of 0--4 specific capacitance to compensate progression, if with the coding switching, then can accomplish 16 compensation progression of 0--15 specific capacitance.But coded system, the situation of cupboard internal capacitance is known in requirement, and new user uses easy to handle, and old user oneself transforms, and sets some trouble of various parameters.4, the kind of reactive power compensator is a lot of on the market; Some can only carry out general control; Can not store data and communicate by letter, thereby can not understand the situation that puts into operation of device well, as system's average power factor after the feeding device reach what etc.; Device does not have self-checking function yet, might be because the generation that the defective of device itself causes the accident.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to above weak point, propose a kind of reactive-load compensation method with resonance detection and harmonic wave overcurrent protection by the high-speed digital signal treatment technology.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is: the reactive-load compensation method of detection of band resonance and harmonic wave overcurrent protection comprises step 1), low-pressure side voltage, bus bar side electric current and the capacitor side current data of gathering electrical network; 2) electrical parameter that, utilizes FFT that step 1) is gathered calculates; 3), carry out system failure self check, then alarm like the system failure, then carry out step 4) like system's fault-free; 4), carry out voltage and judge, alarm and carry out step 5) like the ultra scope of voltage, directly carry out step 5) like not ultra scope; 5), the condenser capacity under the current voltage is calibrated; 6), adopt the self-organizing control strategy to confirm the best of breed of capacitor switching; 7), whether satisfy the switching condition of capacitor according to current electrical network condition judgment; 8), carrying out resonance detects and the resonance Interference Control; 9) the capacitor switching best of breed of, judging according to step 6) carries out the switching control of capacitor.
As further improvement, also be included in and carry out the step that step 4) is calculated electric energy and frequency before.
As further improvement, the described system failure self checking method of step 3) is that then illustrative system has fault if system detects Q2N＜Q1N/2.
As further improvement, said condenser capacity under the current voltage is calibrated of step 5) is that rated capacity and rated voltage according to capacitor calibrated the condenser capacity QN1 under the current voltage, QN1=(UN1*UN1)/[(U
N* U
N)/QN].
As further improvement, the said self-organizing control strategy of step 6) may further comprise the steps: a, the capacity of N group capacitor is arranged according to actual conditions; Among b, the good EEPROM of two sub-values with capacity afterwards of arrangement with the stored in form auto levelizer of definite value; C, represent capacitor to cut with 0, represent capacitor to throw with 1, the then corresponding N bit of N group capacitor is so have 2
NPlant combination; D, from said 256 kinds of combinations, search the best of breed of capacitor switching according to the detected idle amount that lacks.The condenser capacity sum of the best of breed of the capacitor switching described in the steps d should be less than the idle amount that is lacked.
As further improvement, step 7) comprises that e, overvoltage detect, if bus bar side voltage is greater than α U
N, and cut entirely greater than the capacitor that then drops into after the delay time definite value computing time, if be not more than α U
N, then carry out step f; F, under voltage detect, if bus bar side voltage is less than α U
N, and cut entirely greater than the capacitor that then drops into after the delay time definite value computing time, if be not less than α U
N, then carry out step g; G, harmonic wave overcurrent detect, if capacitor side electric current is greater than β I
N, and cut entirely greater than the capacitor that then drops into after the delay time definite value computing time, if be not more than β I
N, then carry out step 8).
As further improvement, the described resonance of step 8) detects and the resonance Interference Control is when monitoring equipment entering or adjacent strings, parallel resonance state, will implement the resonance Interference Control, spurring equipment off-resonance state.
Produce best effect when stating method in realization for making; The invention also discloses a kind of reactive power compensator with resonance detection and harmonic wave overcurrent protection; Comprise the analog acquisition plate, comprise voltage transformer, current transformer, voltage follower and peripheral relevant reference circuit and filter circuit; Leave control board, comprise that string changes output control module also; , comprise power module; Display panel comprises LCD display circuit, LED display circuit and button identification circuit; Said analog acquisition plate, leave control board, power panel and display panel and all be connected with cpu motherboard.
As further improvement, said cpu motherboard comprises power module, analogue collection module, clock module, memory module, demonstration and button control module, opens into leaving control module, reaching communication module, and above-mentioned each module all is connected with dsp chip.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention is when carrying out each road analog acquisition; At first through AC sampling and FFT converter technique; Each road analog quantity is carried out harmonic analysis; When accurately obtaining the first-harmonic amount, decomposite the instantaneous value of 2-31 subharmonic amount; And accurately obtain each phase-splitting and total real-time fundamental active power, reactive power and phasor power factor based on this, and overcome the influence of factors such as mains by harmonics, three-phase imbalance fully, lay a good foundation with protection for realizing compensation control efficiently.
System self-test function of the present invention fundamentally avoids equipment under the electrical network operating mode of complicacy, to get into abnormal operating condition; And effectively prevent equipment related elements sustain damage under the netted condition of abnormal electrical, be that the complete equipment realization is safe, reliable, the powerful guarantee of permanently effective operation.
The present invention adopts the self-organizing control strategy to come the switching combination of certain capacitor group; Be to utilize binary outstanding feature; Make the control more convenient and quicker of capacitor, avoided the limit value of traditional capacitor switching cycle compensation progression and the trouble of coding switching maintenance and renovation aspect.
The present invention adopts the constraints as capacitor switching such as voltage, can prevent when voltage closes on the border, to occur the switching concussion of capacitor.
The generation that resonance prediction that the present invention adopts and resonance Interference Control can be avoided device damage and other serious consequence.
Electric energy accumulative total of the present invention and frequency computation part function can provide more directly, estimate fast foundation for the client.
In sum; It is fast that method of the present invention has response speed; Can avoid mains by harmonics and three-phase imbalance reactive power compensation to be calculated the influence that is caused; Can confirm the good capacitor group of electricity compensation combination quickly and accurately, and can avoid the vibration that when the capacitor group is carried out switching, produces, the safe operation to equipment simultaneously provides reliable guarantee.It is simple to adopt the device of said method to have a hardware circuit, and real-time is good, and perfect in shape and function has higher reliability and antijamming capability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a capacitor switching condition block diagram among the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a capacitor group state block diagram among the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that overvoltage detects theory diagram among the present invention;
Fig. 4 is that under voltage detects theory diagram among the present invention;
Fig. 5 is that the harmonic wave overcurrent detects theory diagram among the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a structured flowchart of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a main program flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is an interrupt routine flow chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, further set forth the present invention.
A kind ofly detect and the reactive-load compensation method of harmonic wave overcurrent protection, may further comprise the steps 1 with resonance), low-pressure side voltage, bus bar side electric current and the capacitor side current data of gathering electrical network; 2) electrical parameter that, utilizes FFT that step 1) is gathered calculates; 3), carry out system failure self check, then alarm like the system failure, then carry out step 4) like system's fault-free; 4), carry out voltage and judge, alarm like the ultra scope of voltage, carry out step 6) like not ultra scope; 5), the condenser capacity under the current voltage is calibrated; 6), adopt the self-organizing control strategy to confirm the best of breed of capacitor switching; 7), whether satisfy the switching condition of capacitor according to current electrical network condition judgment; 8), carrying out resonance detects and the resonance Interference Control; 9) the capacitor switching best of breed of, judging according to step 6) carries out the switching control of capacitor.
Different with conventional method, the present invention adopts 32 high speed digital signal processors (DSP) for hardware platform.
1), at first three-phase alternating voltage (Ua, Ub, Uc), three-phase system total current (Ias, Ibs, Ics), three-phase reactive power compensation electric current (Ia, Ib, Ic) are gathered in real time.The three-phase alternating voltage collection be low-pressure side voltage, the collection of three-phase system total current be the bus bar side electric current, three-phase reactive power compensation current acquisition be capacitor side electric current.
2), all adopt quick AC Data and fast Fourier transform technology (FFT) to obtain to the collection of each road analog quantity; Active power, reactive power, power factor are all calculated based on instantaneous power theory in real time, and this is from overcome the defective of traditional sampling technology in essence.Special a bit; When carrying out each road analog acquisition; At first, each road analog quantity is carried out harmonic analysis, when accurately obtaining the first-harmonic amount, decomposite the instantaneous value of 2-31 subharmonic amount through AC sampling and FFT converter technique; And accurately obtain each phase-splitting and total real-time fundamental active power, reactive power and phasor power factor based on this, overcome the influence of factors such as mains by harmonics, three-phase imbalance fully.
For the client can obtain estimating foundation more directly, efficiently, also four-quadrant electric energy accumulative total and frequency are calculated.
3), system failure self check, the concrete operation principle of this step is following:
The actual condenser capacity that drops into: Q1N
The idle amount of the capacitor of actual acquisition: Q2N
If system detects Q2N＜Q1N/2, illustrative system has fault (undesired like capacitor work, the zero cross fired plate is not exported triggering signal), and at this moment warning information can appear in device, for system safety, long-time running provides guarantee reliably.
4), voltage judges, comprises that overvoltage is judged and under voltage is judged.
As shown in Figure 3, overvoltage is meant that the alternating voltage root-mean-square value raises under the power frequency, 10% of overrate, and the duration was greater than 1 minute long-time variation in voltage phenomenon; Normally the load result of switching of superpotential appearance, for example: cut off a certain big volume load or to capacitor group energization, reactive power compensation surplus just can cause overvoltage.
The index of reflection capacitor withstand voltage properties: overvoltage multiple
U in the formula
C1Be fundamental voltage, U
CNBe N subharmonic voltage, U
NRated voltage for capacitor.The National Standard Code for design of installation of shunt capacitors " (GB50227-1995) to stipulate: α≤1.1, the geometry of expression fundamental voltage that capacitor bore and harmonic voltage and (voltage effective value) are no more than 1.1 times of rated voltage.
As the contrast on the algorithm, when calculating the arithmetic sum of first-harmonic harmonic voltage:
α′＝(U
C1+∑U
CN)/U
N。
If Ua＞α U
NPerhaps Ub＞α U
NPerhaps Uc＞α U
N, and computing time greater than delay time definite value " TH ", then send overvoltage alarm.
Annotate: Ua/Ub/Uc represents bus bar side voltage; α U
NThe upper limit of=UH representative voltage.
As shown in Figure 4, under voltage is meant under the power frequency that the alternating voltage root-mean-square value reduces, less than 10% of rated value, and big long-time variation in voltage phenomenon with 1 minute of duration; The incident that causes under voltage is just in time opposite with overvoltage, the disconnection of the input of a certain big volume load or a certain capacitor group, and idle in other words wretched insufficiency all possibly cause under voltage.
Concrete overvoltage multiple
U in the formula
C1Be fundamental voltage, U
CNBe N subharmonic voltage, U
NRated voltage for capacitor.The National Standard Code for design of installation of shunt capacitors " (GB50227-1995) regulation: α >=0.9, the geometry of expression fundamental voltage that capacitor bore and harmonic voltage and, promptly voltage effective value is not less than 0.9 times of rated voltage.As the contrast on the algorithm, when calculating the arithmetic sum of first-harmonic harmonic voltage: α '=(U
C1+ ∑ U
CN)/U
N
If Ua＜α U
NPerhaps Ub＜α U
NPerhaps Uc＜α U
NAnd then send under voltage alarm greater than delay time definite value " TL " computing time.
Annotate: Ua/Ub/Uc represents bus bar side voltage; α U
NThe lower limit of=UL representative voltage.
5), the calibration of condenser capacity, calibrate the condenser capacity under the current voltage according to the rated capacity and the rated voltage of capacitor, concrete principle is as follows:
Actual reactive power Q N1=(the UN1*UN1)/[(U that under virtual voltage, produces
N* U
N)/QN], U in the formula
NBe the capacitor rated voltage; QN is the rated capacity of primary side capacitor, on the capacitor nameplate, mark is arranged; UN1 is the actual voltage of capacitor.
6), the self-organizing control strategy is confirmed to comprise the best of breed of capacitor a, be meant the capacity of eight group capacitors is arranged according to actual conditions; B, arrange good after with two sub-values of condenser capacity with the stored in form of definite value in EEPROM; C, represent capacitor to cut with 0, represent capacitor to throw with 1, the then corresponding eight bit of eight group capacitors is so have 256 kinds of combinations; D, from said 256 kinds of combinations, search the best of breed of capacitor switching according to the detected idle amount that lacks.The condenser capacity sum of the best of breed of the capacitor switching described in the steps d should be less than the idle amount that is lacked.
The method that this self-organizing control strategy is confirmed the capacitor best of breed satisfy can utilize the space and element of capacitor box to greatest extent in; Make same capacitor box; Have thinner compensation progression or bigger compensation range; Not only new user is easy to use for this kind method, and is also very simple when old user oneself transforms.
As shown in Figure 2; Below with the example that is controlled to be of eight group capacitors; The implementation method of concrete analysis self-organizing control strategy: because we utilize is the self-organizing control strategy; So capacitor volume can be arranged arbitrarily according to actual conditions, arrange good after among the EEPROM of two sub-values with capacity with the stored in form auto levelizer of definite value, prevent that power down from losing.0: representative cuts 1: representative is thrown, and only there is this two states in capacitor, thus the corresponding eight bit of eight group capacitors, 2
8Always have combination in 256; System can lack idle amount and searches best of breed from this 256 according to detected; Prerequisite is that the best of breed numerical value that finds will lack idle value near detected system of system but can not lack idle value greater than system; Finding can be according to the definite concrete capacitor switching state of number of combinations after the appropriate combination; If it is 10011100 that the optimal capacitance device group several 156 of system-computed is converted into binary number, then corresponding capacitor state is the 8th group: throw, the 7th group: cut, the 6th group: cut, the 5th group: throw, the 4th group: throw, the 3rd group: throw, second group: cut, first group: cut.
System lacks idle=Q2+Q
In the formula: Q2 represents the capacitor side idle, refers to put into the condenser capacity in the system; Q represents bus bar side idle, and the detected system of finger device lacks idle amount.
7), the judgement of capacitor switching condition; The present invention with reactive power as detecting controlled quentity controlled variable; Power factor, voltage, electric current have overcome and have only selected for use power factor or reactive power to be the caused switching concussion of the single control mode that detects controlled quentity controlled variable as limited amount.
If bus bar side voltage is greater than 1.1 times U
NAnd entirely cut greater than the capacitor that then drops into after the delay time definite value TH computing time; If bus bar side voltage is less than 0.9 times U
N, and cut entirely greater than the capacitor that then drops into after the delay time definite value TL computing time.
As shown in Figure 5, the concrete overcurrent multiple of capacitor is set with reference to following formula:
The index of reflection capacitor heat resistance: overcurrent multiple
I in the formula
C1Be fundamental current, I
CNBe N subharmonic current, I
NBe the capacitor rated current.The National Standard Code for design of installation of shunt capacitors " (GB50227-1995) regulation: β≤1.3, expression flow through capacitor fundamental current harmonic electric current geometry with should be above 1.3 times of capacitor rated current.As the contrast on the algorithm, when calculating the arithmetic sum of first-harmonic harmonic electric current: β '=(I
C1+ ∑ I
CN)/I
N
If Ia＞β I
NPerhaps Ib＞β I
NPerhaps Ic＞β I
N,, and cut entirely greater than the capacitor that then drops into after the delay time definite value TIH computing time.If the discontented excision condition that is enough to of detection system is installed again detection system and is thrown capacitor according to actual conditions.
Annotate: Ia/Ib/Ic represents capacitor side electric current; β I
N=IH represents the upper limit of harmonic current.
As shown in Figure 1; The prerequisite that reactive power compensation self-organizing control strategy is realized is that voltage, power factor are carried out subregion; Confirm voltage, power factor operation area; Understand its operation conditions so that implement control, and all controls all qualified with voltage be prerequisite, prevent that device action is too frequent and avoid occurring vibration.UH ' shown in Figure 1 and COS φ ' all are the return difference values of establishing in order to prevent the switching concussion, specify as follows:
(1), device all be qualified with voltage be prerequisite, so voltage surpasses UH or less than UL, all can carry out and cut operation.
(2), after device carries out because of overvoltage and to cut operation, the prerequisite that device is thrown next time again is that voltage drops to below the UH ', so just prevents that locking apparatus produces concussion in critical point.
(3), in order to prevent overcompensation; We have set power factor limit value COS φ, if the COS φ value that records under and the prerequisite of cross mending qualified at voltage greater than the COS φ value of setting, that system's maintenance present situation; If the COS φ value that records is greater than return difference COS φ '; And during less than the COS φ value set, install and also will be in hold mode, if the COS φ value that records is less than return difference COS φ '; Device will detect the also switching state of control capacitance device again so, can prevent also that so to a certain extent locking apparatus produces concussion in critical point.
8) control that, resonance detects and resonance disturbs; Parallel reactive power compensation capacitor box and LC filter apparatus are in operation and have the hidden danger of generation systems series resonance and load parallel resonance, and resonance is in case generation very easily causes serious device damage even power supply stops accident.Legacy equipment is owing to the reason of aspects such as technology and realization means fails such problem is provided real effectively treatment measures, and a considerable amount of equipment particularly LC passive filtering compensation equipment are in operation by badly damaged.The present invention is provided with real-time resonance prediction and monitoring function; Monitoring discovering device entering or adjacent strings, the parallel resonance state in case be in operation; Control system will be implemented resonance Interference Control fast, and pulling equipment off-resonance state is avoided the generation of device damage and other serious consequence.
9), satisfy under no overvoltage, no under voltage, no overcurrent, no resonance, the trouble-free situation in the electrical network condition, the capacitor state according to the determined optimal capacitance group of self-organizing control strategy carries out the control of capacitor switching.
As shown in Figure 6; Produce best effect when stating the reactive-load compensation method of being with resonance detection and harmonic wave overcurrent protection in realization for making; The invention also discloses a kind of reactive power compensator with resonance detection and harmonic wave overcurrent protection; Comprise the analog acquisition plate, comprise voltage transformer, current transformer, voltage follower and peripheral relevant reference circuit and filter circuit; Leave control board, comprise that string changes output control module also; Power panel comprises power module; Display panel comprises LCD display circuit, LED display circuit and button identification circuit; Said analog acquisition plate, leave control board, power panel and display panel and all be connected with cpu motherboard.
The analog acquisition plate; Main effect is an analog quantity of the big analog quantity that collects being nursed one's health the 0-3V that adapts to the DSP processing, and main devices comprises voltage transformer, current transformer, voltage follower and peripheral relevant reference circuit and filter circuit with circuit.
Leave control board, main effect is the switching of control capacitance device, and main modular is that string changes output control module also.
Power panel, main effect is that main modular is a power module for whole device provides the power supply support.
Display panel: main effect is the ruuning situation that the user can the real time inspection device, comprises LCD display circuit, LED display circuit and button identification circuit.
Cpu motherboard; Main effect is collection, calculating, storage, communication and the control of data, and main modular comprises power module, analogue collection module, clock module, memory module, demonstration and button control module, opens into leaving control module, reaching communication module.Power module connects power panel, and analogue collection module connects the analog quantity collection plate, opens into leaving the control module connection and leaves control board, shows to be connected display panel with the button control module.
This device have following characteristics:
Fast dynamic response: device uses 32 High Performance DSP processors, and clock frequency is 100M, and the high speed of service of deal with data precision is fast; Can change by the THE FAST TRACKING SYSTEM FOR reactive load; Real-time and Dynamic response switching, switching multiple unit capacitor combination simultaneously, system response time≤20ms; Need not manual intervention, safe and efficient.
Demonstration and memory contents are abundant:
Switching value inspection can be on liquid crystal display screen real time inspection capacitor switching situation.
Analog quantity inspection item can show 9 tunnel 12 analog quantity sampling channels, can show low-pressure side voltage, bus bar side electric current and active power, reactive power, power factor and capacitor side electric current and reactive power, power factor and frequency.And can show since device drops into bus bar side electric energy metrical and average power factor, have harmonic current simultaneously and detect and look facility.
The operational factor setting option has each item fixed value modification and memory function; Simultaneously with the nominal parameter of capacitor and limit parameter with the stored in form of definite value in EEPROM; The rated voltage, rated current, overvoltage factor, overvoltage action delay time, under voltage coefficient, under voltage action delay time, rated current, overcurrent coefficient, the overcurrent action delay time that comprise capacitor; Power factor limit value etc.; Program can be carried out different functions according to different definite values, and purpose is that power down is not lost.Through this can software calibration voltage phase place, reduce the influence of hardware to certainty of measurement as far as possible.
Clock check and correction can the manual modification clock, also can be through communication real time modifying clock.
Controlled function is perfect, guarantees the switching precision:
Test and running status are optional, and convenient for device to test, device inside is provided with manual debugging mode and automatic running status, can select through the control word in the definite value option.If debugging mode belongs to manual operation, the commissioning staff can therefrom manually drop into one group or several groups and make an experiment, the wiring state of so also convenient inspection capacitor box.If debugging mode belongs to automatic operation, just power on can the best capacitor bank of self-organizing for device so, makes system reach optimum state with minimum switching frequency, and whole process need not artificial the participation.
The switching principle of work and power, after switch closed, device was started working detection system three-phase voltage, bus bar side electric current and capacitor side electric current through powering on after delaying time.According to the amplitude of voltage, electric current and the phase difference between them; Calculate the bus bar side reactive power and drop into the reactive power that capacitor produces, confirm the switching of capacitor group and carry out the System self-test function according to the reactive power that the capacitor side that records produces according to the idle size cases of system.
Capacitor is main according to composite factor switchings such as the voltage that records, electric current, reactive power, power factors; The prerequisite of the self-organizing switching of capacitor is no overcurrent, overvoltage, under voltage; If have above-mentioned condition so capacitor cut entirely, come capacitor for voltage protection to avoid extreme condition, simultaneously the switching condition also is provided with the power factor limit value; If the power factor in the system is greater than set point or return difference value; Capacitor keeps current switching state so, if less than capacitor switching power factor return difference limit value, system rejudges and switched capacitor so.This device adopts the self-organizing control strategy to seek best capacitor bank, has resonance simultaneously and detects to avoid the infringement of resonance to system.
Intelligent management: powerful communication function.Support the interconnected CAN communications protocol of control area net to reach standard IEC 60870-5-103 communications protocol based on RS485/422.Communication manager and host computer support are provided, and for the control system networking provides good solution, the user can pass through the switching situation of host computer testing fixture, and each item electrical quantity of checking system.
Multiple protection functions: overvoltage protection, under-voltage protection, overcurrent protection, system mode diagnosis, the automatic identification of system parameters, analog acquisition abnormal protection etc.Harmonic voltage harmonic electric current can be shown to 31 times.Built-in watchdog circuit reset circuit, device break down when crashing, and can start automatically, and fault are promptly stopped defencive function.
As shown in Figure 7, the main program flow of this device is following: flow process starts from going on foot 700, carries out the initialization peripheral hardware, and flow process gets into the step 701 after the step 700;
Carry out the output of latch switch amount in the step 701, flow process gets into the step 702 after the step 701;
Carry out initialization flag position and I/O mouth in the step 702, flow process gets into the step 703 after the step 702;
Open timer and house dog in the step 703, get into the step 704 in steps 703 back flow process;
Differentiate timing in the step 704 and whether arrive,, then get into the step 705, if the result is "No" then gets into the step 706 if the result is " being ";
Get into interrupt routine in the step 705;
Carry out button in the step 706 and handle, get into the step 707 in steps 706 back flow process;
Carry out refresh clock in the step 707 and handle, get into the step 708 in steps 707 back flow process;
Refresh liquid crystal display screen in the step 708, get into the step 709 in steps 708 back flow process;
Carry out communication data in the step 709 and handle, get into the step 710 in steps 709 back flow process;
Carry out the scheduled store electric energy and calculate average power factor in the step 710, return the step 704 in steps 710 back flow process.
As shown in Figure 8, the interrupt routine flow process of this device is following: flow process starts from going on foot 800, interrupts inlet, and flow process gets into the step 801 after the step 800;
801 judge whether to calculate in the step,, then get into the step 804, if the result be " denying " then entering goes on foot 802 if the result be " being ";
Judge whether finish to gather 199 points in the step 802,, then get into the step 803, if the result is for "No" then return and go on foot 801 if the result be " being ";
Revise timer time in the step 803 and prepare, return the step 801 in steps 803 back flow process for calculating;
Feed dog in the step 804, get into the step 805 in steps 804 back flow process;
Utilize FFT to calculate electric current and voltage in the step 805, get into the step 806 in steps 805 back flow process;
Judge in the step 806 whether phase place is accurate,, then get into the step 808, if the result is "No" then gets into the step 807 if the result is " being ";
Carry out calibration phase in the step 807;
Carry out self check in the step 808, judge whether system has fault,, then get into the step 809, if the result is "No" then gets into the step 810 if the result is " being ";
Carry out self-checking alarming in the step 809, get into the step 810 in steps 809 back flow process;
Calculate electric energy in the step 810, return the step 811 in steps 810 back flow process;
At step 811 calculated rates, return the step 812 in steps 811 back flow process;
Judge whether overvoltage in the step 812,, then get into the step 813, if the result is "No" then gets into the step 814 if the result is " being ";
Carry out the overvoltage alarm in the step 813, get into the step 814 in steps 813 back flow process;
Judge whether under-voltage in the step 814,, then get into the step 815, if the result is "No" then gets into the step 816 if the result is " being ";
Carry out the under voltage alarm in the step 815, get into the step 816 in steps 815 back flow process;
In step 816 condenser capacities calibration, get into the step 817 in steps 816 back flow process;
Confirm the optimal capacitance group of switching in the step 817 through the self-organizing control strategy, get into the step 818 in steps 817 back flow processs;
Judge whether overvoltage or under-voltage in the step 818,, then get into the step 820, if the result is "No" then gets into the step 820 if the result is " being ";
Judge whether overcurrent of harmonic wave in the step 819,, then get into the step 820, if the result is "No" then gets into and go on foot 821 if the result be " being ";
Cut the capacitor group in the step 820, get into the step 821 in steps 819 back flow process;
In the optimal capacitance device group that the step 821 was confirmed according to the step 817, the switching that plate carries out capacitor is left in control, gets into the step 822 in steps 821 back flow process;
Go on foot the end of 822 interrupt routines and returning main program.
Device according to the invention is to detect and the reactive power compensator of harmonic wave overcurrent protection with 32 High Performance DSP band resonance that is the master control chip.This device has high-precision analog acquisition and characteristics such as automatic switching quickly and accurately; Device cooperates controllable silicon composite electron switch; The compensation model that the hierarchical capacitor group is not had fast transition, zero passage no-flashy-flow switching; Overcome traditional reactive power compensator because of adopting the mechanical contact scaling loss; Electric capacity is impacted shortcomings such as big, and device also has abundant switching value I/O, friendly man-machine interface and powerful communication function; And device volume is little, easy for installation, is applicable to that machine-building, metallurgy, colliery, chemical industry, harbour, airport, oil field, hospital, biotope, skyscraper, rural area etc. locate following, the indoor or outdoor various place that needs reactive power compensation of 660V.
Claims (10)
1. the reactive-load compensation method of detection of band resonance and harmonic wave overcurrent protection is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps
1), gathers low-pressure side voltage, bus bar side electric current and the capacitor side current data of electrical network;
2) electrical parameter that, utilizes FFT that step 1) is gathered calculates;
3), carry out system failure self check, then alarm like the system failure, then carry out step 4) like system's fault-free;
4), carry out voltage and judge, alarm and carry out step 5) like the ultra scope of voltage, directly carry out step 5) like not ultra scope;
5), the condenser capacity under the current voltage is calibrated;
6), adopt the self-organizing control strategy to confirm the best of breed of capacitor switching;
7), whether satisfy the switching condition of capacitor according to current electrical network condition judgment;
8), carrying out resonance detects and the resonance Interference Control;
9) the capacitor switching best of breed of, judging according to step 6) carries out the switching control of capacitor.
2. the reactive-load compensation method of band resonance detection according to claim 1 and harmonic wave overcurrent protection is characterized in that: also be included in and carry out the step that step 4) is calculated electric energy and frequency before.
3. the reactive-load compensation method of band resonance detection according to claim 1 and harmonic wave overcurrent protection, it is characterized in that: the described system failure self checking method of step 3) is that then illustrative system has fault if system detects Q2N＜Q1N/2.
4. the reactive-load compensation method of band resonance detection according to claim 1 and harmonic wave overcurrent protection; It is characterized in that: said condenser capacity under the current voltage is calibrated of step 5) is that rated capacity and rated voltage according to capacitor calibrated the condenser capacity QN1 under the current voltage, QN1=(UN1*UN1)/[(U
N* U
N)/QN].
5. the reactive-load compensation method of band resonance detection according to claim 1 and harmonic wave overcurrent protection, it is characterized in that: the said self-organizing control strategy of step 6) may further comprise the steps:
A, the capacity of N group capacitor is arranged according to actual conditions;
B, arrange good after with two sub-values of condenser capacity with the stored in form of definite value in EEPROM;
C, represent capacitor to cut with 0, represent capacitor to throw with 1, the then corresponding N bit of N group capacitor is so have 2
NPlant combination;
D, according to the detected idle amount that lacks from said 2
NPlant the best of breed of searching capacitor switching in the combination.
6. the reactive-load compensation method of band resonance detection according to claim 5 and harmonic wave overcurrent protection, it is characterized in that: the condenser capacity sum of the best of breed of the capacitor switching described in the steps d is less than the idle amount that is lacked.
7. the reactive-load compensation method of band resonance detection according to claim 1 and harmonic wave overcurrent protection, it is characterized in that: step 7) may further comprise the steps:
E, overvoltage detect, if bus bar side voltage is greater than α U
NAnd entirely cut greater than the capacitor that then drops into after the delay time definite value computing time, if be not more than α U
N, then carry out step f;
F, under voltage detect, if bus bar side voltage is less than α U
N, and cut entirely greater than the capacitor that then drops into after the delay time definite value computing time, if be not less than α U
N, then carry out step g;
G, harmonic wave overcurrent detect, if capacitor side electric current is greater than β I
N, and cut entirely greater than the capacitor that then drops into after the delay time definite value computing time, if be not more than β I
N, then carry out step 8).
8. the reactive-load compensation method of band resonance detection according to claim 1 and harmonic wave overcurrent protection; It is characterized in that: the described resonance of step 8) detects and the resonance Interference Control is when monitoring equipment entering or adjacent strings, parallel resonance state; To implement the resonance Interference Control, pulling equipment off-resonance state.
9. adopt the device of the reactive-load compensation method of said band resonance detection of claim 1 and harmonic wave overcurrent protection, it is characterized in that: comprise
The analog acquisition plate comprises voltage transformer, current transformer, voltage follower and peripheral relevant reference circuit and filter circuit;
Leave control board, comprise that string changes output control module also;
Power panel comprises power module;
Display panel comprises LCD display circuit, LED display circuit and button identification circuit;
Described analog acquisition plate, leave control board, power panel and display panel and all be connected with cpu motherboard.
10. device according to claim 9; It is characterized in that: said cpu motherboard comprises power module, analogue collection module, clock module, memory module, demonstration and button control module, opens into leaving control module and communication module, and above-mentioned each module all is connected with dsp chip.
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| CN102623968A (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2012-08-01 | 上海交通大学 | Characteristic-harmonic-based protection method and system for high-voltage direct current transmission line |
| CN102646988A (en) * | 2012-04-19 | 2012-08-22 | 上海电力学院 | Control method of reactive compensation controller in low-voltage distribution system |
| CN103474966A (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2013-12-25 | 国家电网公司 | Capacitor harmonic resonance overvoltage detection method and protection device |
| CN104079147A (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2014-10-01 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Power module dynamic grouping voltage balancing control method of modular multi-level converter |
| CN104092214A (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2014-10-08 | 盘锦三和采油装备科技开发有限公司 | Multifunctional harmonic wave optimizing intelligent controller and control method thereof |
| CN105263233A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-01-20 | 四川理工学院 | Intelligent lamplight control system based on WIFI and control method |
| CN106972503A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-07-21 | 许继电源有限公司 | A kind of Comprehensive Reactive Power Compensation control method and device |
| CN108964080A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-12-07 | 武汉世纪精能科技发展有限公司 | TSC operation/cutting method, terminal device and computer readable storage medium |
| CN109856585A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-06-07 | 国网福建省电力有限公司莆田供电公司 | Resonant state judgment method during a kind of voltage mutual inductor serial resonance step-up |
| CN111987695A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-11-24 | 株洲麦格米特电气有限责任公司 | Resonant converter, over-current protection method of resonant converter and electronic equipment |
| CN114325121A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-12 | 重庆玖奇科技有限公司 | Capacitance capacity detection method and reactive compensation control system |
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| CN102623968A (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2012-08-01 | 上海交通大学 | Characteristic-harmonic-based protection method and system for high-voltage direct current transmission line |
| CN102623968B (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2014-07-02 | 上海交通大学 | Characteristic-harmonic-based protection method and system for high-voltage direct current transmission line |
| CN102646988A (en) * | 2012-04-19 | 2012-08-22 | 上海电力学院 | Control method of reactive compensation controller in low-voltage distribution system |
| CN102646988B (en) * | 2012-04-19 | 2014-10-15 | 上海电力学院 | Control method of reactive compensation controller in low-voltage distribution system |
| CN103474966A (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2013-12-25 | 国家电网公司 | Capacitor harmonic resonance overvoltage detection method and protection device |
| CN103474966B (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2016-04-27 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of capacitor harmonic resonance overvoltage detection method and protective device |
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| CN104092214B (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2016-04-20 | 盘锦三和采油装备科技开发有限公司 | Multifunctional harmonic wave Intelligent Optimal controller and control method thereof |
| CN104092214A (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2014-10-08 | 盘锦三和采油装备科技开发有限公司 | Multifunctional harmonic wave optimizing intelligent controller and control method thereof |
| CN105263233A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-01-20 | 四川理工学院 | Intelligent lamplight control system based on WIFI and control method |
| CN106972503A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-07-21 | 许继电源有限公司 | A kind of Comprehensive Reactive Power Compensation control method and device |
| CN108964080A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-12-07 | 武汉世纪精能科技发展有限公司 | TSC operation/cutting method, terminal device and computer readable storage medium |
| CN109856585A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-06-07 | 国网福建省电力有限公司莆田供电公司 | Resonant state judgment method during a kind of voltage mutual inductor serial resonance step-up |
| CN109856585B (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2020-12-18 | 国网福建省电力有限公司莆田供电公司 | Resonance state judgment method in voltage transformer series resonance boosting process |
| CN111987695A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-11-24 | 株洲麦格米特电气有限责任公司 | Resonant converter, over-current protection method of resonant converter and electronic equipment |
| CN111987695B (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2022-11-04 | 株洲麦格米特电气有限责任公司 | Resonant converter, over-current protection method of resonant converter and electronic equipment |
| CN114325121A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-12 | 重庆玖奇科技有限公司 | Capacitance capacity detection method and reactive compensation control system |
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