CN102337378B - Process for removing non-metallic inclusions in molten steel - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a process for removing non-metallic inclusions in molten steel. The process comprises the following steps of: placing the molten steel into a top-bottom combined blowing converter for performing smelting, then performing steel tapping, adding granular lime and fluorite in the steel tapping process, adding a sustained-release deoxidizing agent on the slag surface at the end of the steel tapping, and blowing argon from the bottom of a ladle for stirring after the end of the steel tapping; performing secondary refining on the molten steel; and sequentially performing primary soft blowing stirring, feeding of a silicon-calcium wire after reaching a wire feeding position and secondary soft blowing stirring on the molten steel after refining, and then performing the continuous casting step for full-protection casting. In the invention, the primary soft blowing is performed after the end of the secondary refining, thereby improving the Als/Alt ratio of the molten steel; and then the silicon-calcium wire is fed, and the secondary soft blowing is further performed for further improving the Als/Alt ratio, thereby being capable of effectively controlling the type B inclusions, being low in input of consumptive raw materials, being capable of realizing multi-converter continuous casting and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technique of removing inclusion in molten steel, relate in particular to a kind of technique of removing non-metallic inclusions in molten steel, belong to steel-making refining controlling field.
Background technology
Hot-rolled sheet is because its special transfer oil, transport gas, high pressure resistant, the high purposes such as tired are increasingly strict to the requirement of non-metallic inclusion in recent years, and in steel, category-A non-metallic inclusion MnS is mingled with category-B alumina type inclusion more outstanding to the performance hazards of hot-rolled sheet.Present process for making is stable to category-A MnS Control and Inclusion Removal by low-sulfur and calcium treatment process, has more more in production process that existing what affect the hot-rolled sheet coil qualification rate is the category-B inclusion.For requirement, the reasonable rate needs of raising finished product that satisfy hot rolling steel grade quality improve as far as possible Molten Steel Cleanliness at steelmaking process, reduce nonmetallic inclusionsin steel.
Concerning the process for making of aluminium deoxidation, in steel, most aluminates form in the process of tapping aluminium deoxidation, and the refining secondary that arrives at a station transfers the scaling loss of aluminium and refining process aluminium also can form a part.Aluminate in steel changes to low melting point calcium-aluminate class complex inclusion in refining process, feeds silicon-calcium wire and the also further transformation of accelerating oxidation aluminum inclusion of soft blow technique.The aluminate particle diameter is less, out-of-shape, be bunch shape and distribute, and fusing point is higher does not infiltrate easy floating with molten steel; Calcium-aluminate class complex inclusion fusing point is low, substantially is in a liquid state to infiltrate with molten steel under refining temperature, and calcium aluminic acid class complex inclusion mutually collides, grows up to a certain size removal of can floating under bottom blowing stirring and thermal motion effect.
China Patent Publication No. CN101445858A discloses a kind of method for treating inclusions in hot-rolled steel plates for welded gas cylinder, the method is argon bottom-blowing 3min before line feeding, line feeding process argon bottom-blowing, argon bottom-blowing 3min after line feeding, the argon bottom-blowing flow is always 100NL/min.The argon blowing time of 3min is shorter, can not realize the abundant floating of inclusion; And the line feeding flow is always 100～200NL/min, the flow rapid diffusion that is unfavorable for feeding Ca in steel less than normal during line feeding.By on before feeding silicon-calcium wire, feed silicon-calcium wire during and the analysis of feeding the argon bottom-blowing technique after silicon-calcium wire find that the control of bottom blowing process can affect the removal of inclusion and the grading of hot-rolled sheet inclusion.Chinese invention patent publication number CN101660023A discloses a kind of steel ladle bottom argon blowing technology of removing non-metallic inclusions in molten steel, this patent has proposed to control parameter with total oxygen and Ca/Al ratio in molten steel as removal of inclusions, and in steel, total oxygen can't directly obtain in process of production.Chinese invention patent publication number CN101514381A discloses a kind of production method that reduces inclusion in pipeline steel, and this patent has proposed control molten steel component Ca:30～50ppm, [Ca]/[Al] ratio: 0.12～0.8.This method calcium contents is high, and continuous casting stopper rod is corroded seriously, is unfavorable for sequence casting.
Summary of the invention
The existing technique above shortcomings of removing non-metallic inclusions in molten steel of the present invention provide a kind of technique of removing non-metallic inclusions in molten steel.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows: a kind of technique of removing non-metallic inclusions in molten steel comprises the following steps:
Step a: molten iron is put into top and bottom combined blown converter smelt rear tapping, add granule lime and fluorite in tapping process, tapping finishes the top of the slag and adds the slow release deoxidizing agent, and after tapping finishes, ladle bottom blowing stirred 3～5 minutes, argon bottom-blowing flow 400～600NL/min;
Step b: molten steel is carried out secondary refining;
After refining, the control ladle is decided slag ingredient and is comprised 55～60%CaO, 25～30%Al
2O
3, 6～9%MgO, 5～10%SiO
2, TFe+MnO≤1.0%;
Step c: the molten steel after refining is carried out a soft blow successively stir, stir to line feeding position hello silicon-calcium wire and secondary soft blow, then send continuous casting to carry out the full guard casting.
On the basis of technique scheme, the present invention can also do following improvement.
Further, in described step a, the add-on of granule lime is 8kg/t, and the add-on of fluorite is 2kg/t.
Further, in described step a, the slow release deoxidizing agent is metallic aluminium, its add-on 200kg/t.
Further, in described step b, secondary refining is to carry out the RH vacuum refinement after LF stove slag refining or RH vacuum refinement or LF stove slag refining again.
Further, after in described step c, refining finishes, the weight percentage of molten steel component comprises Ca:0.0015%～0.0045%, Alt:0.025%～0.045%, wherein, Ca/Alt:0.03～0.15.
Further, in described step c, 5～15min is carried out in a soft blow, and the ladle bottom blowing argon flow amount is controlled at 50L/min～160NL/min; Feed argon bottom-blowing flow 200～400NL/min in the silicon-calcium wire process; 10～15min is carried out in the secondary soft blow, and the ladle bottom blowing argon flow amount is controlled at 50L/min～160NL/min.
Further, described ladle bottom blowing is taked the two-way bottom blowing, and bottom-blown air brick adopts the dicyclo slot-type ventilating brick.
Further, Als/Alt ratio 〉=0.01 in molten steel before Als/Alt ratio-one time soft blow in molten steel after a soft blow in described step c, Als/Alt ratio 〉=0.01 in molten steel after Als/Alt ratio-one time soft blow in molten steel after the secondary soft blow.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention carries out a soft blow after secondary refining finishes, improve molten steel Als/Alt ratio, then feed silicon-calcium wire, carry out subsequently the secondary soft blow and further improve Als/Alt ratio, can effectively control category-B inclusion, the less investment of expendable raw material and can realize sequence casting etc., being specially:
(1) compare with existing patented technology, the present invention has developed ' converter-LF refining-continuous casting ' or ' converter-RH refining-continuous casting ' or ' converter-LF refining-RH refining-continuous casting ' three kind of operational path production high-quality hot-rolled sheet coil.
(2) by controlling refining top slag ingredient, controlling molten steel composition and control soft blow technique removal of inclusions twice, technological process is easy to control, easily realize, can satisfy the finished product hot-rolled sheet coil to the requirement of inclusion.
(3) the ladle bottom blowing gas permeable brick adopts the dicyclo slot-type ventilating brick, and argon gas bubbles more disperse more is conducive to promote the collision of the inclusion-removal of growing up-float.
(4) twice soft blow inclusion total amount reduce, and can promote the little floating that is mingled with simultaneously.
(5) control of total oxygen is difficult to accurately obtain in actual production, the present invention is by dicyclo slot-type ventilating brick, two-way bottom blowing, twice soft blow technology controlling and process Als/Alt ratio and the Ca/Al ratio judgement index as removal of inclusions, more directly perceived effective, be easy to realize in actual production process.
(6) the present invention can be applicable to the overwhelming majority has the hot rolling steel grades of requirement to inclusion, and along with the lifting of the dark sweetening power of LF stove refining, the present invention relaxes, lowers the control of Ca content and [Ca]/[Al] ratio.The present invention is more conducive to the control that the category-B inclusion is removed in actual production, can realize the sequence casting of high-level hot rolling steel grade 10～12 stoves, singly waters 3000 tons～3600 tons of time production strands, realizes low cost production.
Embodiment
Below principle of the present invention and feature are described, example only be used for to be explained the present invention, is not be used to limiting scope of the present invention.
The operational path that the present invention takes is: ' converter smelting → LF slag refining → full guard casting ' or ' converter smelting → LF slag refining → RH vacuum refinement → full guard casting ' or ' converter smelting → RH vacuum refinement → full guard casting '.
Know-why of the present invention is: the present invention controls on the basis of MnS inclusion at low-sulfur, hypoxemia and rational Ca content, and in pipe line steel, aluminum oxide-calcium-aluminate type impurity carries out process modification control for removing.The aluminate that the converter tapping aluminium deoxidation produces, the tiny bunch shape that is is distributed in molten steel, and the calcium-aluminate type impurity to low melting point changes gradually under the effect of high alkalinity top slag.The calcium-aluminate type impurity calcium contents that forms when refining has just finished is lower after silicon-calcium wire than feeding, fusing point is high, relatively poor with the wetting property of molten steel after than line feeding.Because its relatively poor wetting property can be removed at the effect float downward of weak stirring.Therefore the present invention carries out soft blow and promotes the removal of high-melting-point calcium-aluminate inclusion floating before feeding silicon-calcium wire, has reduced simultaneously the inclusion total amount.Feeding silicon-calcium wire after soft blow, is the low melting point calcium-aluminate with the further sex change of aluminium content inclusion high, that calcium contents is low of still staying in steel, and the collision of part inclusion being grown up during floating enters slag under soft blow effect subsequently.
After (1) 300 ton of top and bottom combined blown converter finishing blowing, add granule lime and fluorite in tapping process, tapping finishes the top of the slag and adds the slow release deoxidizing agent, steel ladle bottom argon blowing gas agitating after tapping finishes.
(2) after the refining of LF stove or RH refining, control top slag composition: 55～60%CaO, 25～30%Al
2O
3, 6～9%MgO, 5～10%SiO
2, TFe+MnO≤1.0%, the oxidisability according to the top slag in slagging process adds the aluminum shot deoxidation at the top of the slag in batches.
(3) after the RH vacuum cycle finishes vacuum breaker or the LF refining finish at first to carry out soft blow and stir, argon flow amount is controlled at 50～160NL/min, 5～15min is carried out in soft blow; Feed silicon-calcium wire after soft blow to the line feeding position, feed silicon-calcium wire process ladle bottom blowing atm number argon gas and stir, argon flow amount is controlled at 200～400NL/min; Feed and carry out the secondary soft blow after silicon-calcium wire finishes again, the ladle bottom blowing argon flow amount is controlled at 50～160NL/min, and 10～15min is carried out in soft blow, then send the casting of continuous casting full guard.
Embodiment 1:
Specific implementation process is singly watered time production 10 stoves, adopts ' converter-LF refining-continuous casting ' operational path to produce high-level hot rolling variety steel.
300 tons of top and bottom combined blown converter steelmakings, after tapping, steel ladle bottom argon blowing gas agitating working control data are as shown in table 1; Then carry out LF stove secondary refining and process, it is as shown in table 2 that refining finishes the included composition of ladle top slag.Refining finishes to begin to carry out a soft blow, feeds the silicon-calcium wire of diameter of phi 13mm after soft blow, carries out the secondary soft blow after line feeding, carries out the full guard casting after soft blow is completed.Twice soft blow and line feeding concrete technology parameter are as shown in table 3.Twice soft blow and feed silicon-calcium wire process molten steel composition working control situation and see Table 4 and table 5.
After table 1 tapping, ladle stirs
The final composition of table 2 ladle top slag
| CaO(％) | Al 2O 3(％) | MgO(％) | SiO 2(％) | TFe(％) | MnO(％) | |
| 1 | 57.02 | 25.14 | 6.32 | 7.27 | 0.34 | 0.25 |
| 2 | 55.34 | 27.26 | 8.05 | 5.21 | 0.63 | 0.22 |
| 3 | 59.07 | 25.16 | 7.43 | 6.37 | 0.44 | 0.32 |
| 4 | 58.29 | 26.17 | 6.21 | 6.15 | 0.38 | 0.36 |
| 5 | 56.43 | 28.28 | 6.72 | 5.73 | 0.63 | 0.21 |
| 6 | 56.52 | 27.42 | 7.74 | 7.32 | 0.32 | 0.24 |
| 7 | 57.55 | 25.93 | 6.23 | 8.48 | 0.38 | 0.23 |
| 8 | 56.25 | 26.64 | 7.49 | 6.38 | 0.45 | 0.23 |
| 9 | 56.37 | 27.43 | 8.35 | 5.34 | 0.65 | 0.24 |
| 10 | 55.23 | 27.53 | 6.57 | 9.24 | 0.32 | 0.22 |
Table 3 soft blow process control parameters
Table 4 soft blow process molten steel composition changes
Table 5 refining finishes molten steel component
| Heat (batch) number | Ca[％] | Alt[％] | Ca/Alt |
| 1 | 0.0035 | 0.0354 | 0.099 |
| 2 | 0.0029 | 0.0342 | 0.085 |
| 3 | 0.0019 | 0.0387 | 0.049 |
| 4 | 0.0039 | 0.0271 | 0.144 |
| 5 | 0.0016 | 0.0388 | 0.041 |
| 6 | 0.0023 | 0.0353 | 0.065 |
| 7 | 0.0027 | 0.0387 | 0.070 |
| 8 | 0.0025 | 0.0436 | 0.057 |
| 9 | 0.0016 | 0.0412 | 0.039 |
| 10 | 0.0042 | 0.0356 | 0.118 |
Embodiment 2:
Singly water time production 11 stove hot rolling steel grades, adopt ' converter-RH refining-continuous casting ' operational path to produce high-level hot rolling variety steel.
Top slag upgrading in 300 tons of top and bottom combined blown converter tapping process, after tapping, steel ladle bottom argon blowing gas agitating working control data are as shown in table 6; Then carry out RH vacuum cycle secondary refining and process, it is as shown in table 7 that refining finishes the included composition of ladle top slag.Refining finishes to begin to carry out a soft blow, feeds the silicon-calcium wire of diameter of phi 13mm after soft blow, carries out the secondary soft blow after line feeding, carries out the full guard casting after soft blow is completed.Twice soft blow and line feeding concrete technology parameter are as shown in table 8.Twice soft blow and feed silicon-calcium wire process molten steel composition working control situation and see Table 9 and table 10.
After table 6 tapping, ladle stirs
The final composition of table 7 ladle top slag
| CaO(％) | Al 2O 3(％) | MgO(％) | SiO 2(％) | TFe(％) | MnO(％) | |
| 11 | 56.23 | 28.32 | 6.32 | 5.92 | 0.45 | 0.31 |
| 12 | 58.15 | 26.16 | 6.23 | 6.49 | 0.36 | 0.33 |
| 13 | 57.35 | 26.25 | 7.25 | 6.82 | 0.56 | 0.23 |
| 14 | 55.38 | 29.01 | 6.12 | 7.25 | 0.47 | 0.32 |
| 15 | 56.27 | 25.12 | 7.12 | 9.12 | 0.53 | 0.40 |
| 16 | 59.04 | 25.05 | 6.34 | 8.19 | 0.49 | 0.28 |
| 17 | 55.37 | 27.28 | 7.23 | 7.25 | 0.46 | 0.32 |
| 18 | 56.29 | 27.17 | 6.12 | 6.83 | 0.51 | 0.48 |
| 19 | 56.26 | 26.35 | 8.24 | 5.19 | 0.39 | 0.28 |
| 20 | 58.19 | 25.73 | 6.21 | 8.18 | 0.48 | 0.33 |
| 21 | 56.12 | 27.46 | 7.23 | 5.82 | 0.44 | 0.36 |
Table 8 soft blow process control parameters
Table 9 soft blow process molten steel composition changes
Table 10 refining finishes molten steel component
| Heat (batch) number | Ca[％] | Alt[％] | Ca/Alt |
| 11 | 0.0028 | 0.0368 | 0.076 |
| 12 | 0.0016 | 0.0427 | 0.037 |
| 13 | 0.0032 | 0.0331 | 0.097 |
| 14 | 0.0034 | 0.0316 | 0.108 |
| 15 | 0.0018 | 0.0415 | 0.043 |
| 16 | 0.0026 | 0.0381 | 0.068 |
| 17 | 0.0021 | 0.0268 | 0.078 |
| 18 | 0.0035 | 0.0278 | 0.126 |
| 19 | 0.0024 | 0.0395 | 0.061 |
| 20 | 0.0039 | 0.0266 | 0.147 |
| 21 | 0.0043 | 0.0301 | 0.143 |
Embodiment 3:
Singly water time production 12 stove hot rolling steel grades, adopt ' converter-LF refining-RH refining-continuous casting ' operational path to produce high-level hot rolling variety steel.
300 tons of top and bottom combined blown converter steelmakings, after tapping, steel ladle bottom argon blowing gas agitating working control data are as shown in table 11, then first carry out LF stove refining treatment, then carry out the RH vacuum refinement and process, and it is as shown in table 12 that refining finishes the included composition of ladle top slag.Begin after the RH vacuum breaker to carry out a soft blow, feed the silicon-calcium wire of diameter of phi 13mm after soft blow, carry out the secondary soft blow after line feeding, carry out the full guard casting after soft blow is completed.Twice soft blow and line feeding concrete technology parameter are as shown in table 13.Twice soft blow and feed silicon-calcium wire process molten steel composition working control situation and see Table 14 and table 15.
After table 11 tapping, ladle stirs
The final composition of table 12 ladle top slag
| CaO(％) | Al 2O 3(％) | MgO(％) | SiO 2(％) | TFe(％) | MnO(％) | |
| 22 | 56.34 | 25.63 | 8.53 | 7.73 | 0.43 | 0.54 |
| 23 | 58.12 | 26.24 | 7.33 | 6.06 | 0.25 | 0.70 |
| 24 | 58.46 | 25.33 | 7.14 | 6.26 | 0.63 | 0.18 |
| 25 | 55.79 | 26.05 | 6.56 | 9.55 | 0.53 | 0.32 |
| 26 | 56.44 | 26.74 | 6.52 | 7.43 | 0.22 | 0.65 |
| 27 | 57.36 | 26.23 | 7.16 | 7.02 | 0.61 | 0.22 |
| 28 | 57.88 | 25.36 | 7.75 | 6.21 | 0.23 | 0.67 |
| 29 | 59.21 | 25.18 | 8.37 | 5.46 | 0.47 | 0.42 |
| 30 | 56.86 | 29.16 | 6.11 | 6.03 | 0.62 | 0.32 |
| 31 | 57.25 | 27.14 | 7.26 | 7.01 | 0.43 | 0.54 |
| 32 | 58.27 | 26.19 | 7.40 | 5.83 | 0.59 | 0.37 |
| 33 | 57.18 | 28.24 | 6.23 | 6.25 | 0.51 | 0.34 |
Table 13 soft blow process control parameters
Table 14 soft blow process molten steel composition changes
Table 15 refining finishes molten steel component
| Heat (batch) number | Ca[％] | Alt[％] | Ca/Alt |
| 22 | 0.0025 | 0.0357 | 0.070 |
| 23 | 0.0015 | 0.0422 | 0.036 |
| 24 | 0.0019 | 0.0333 | 0.057 |
| 25 | 0.0043 | 0.0318 | 0.135 |
| 26 | 0.0027 | 0.0411 | 0.066 |
| 27 | 0.0036 | 0.0381 | 0.094 |
| 28 | 0.0040 | 0.0273 | 0.147 |
| 29 | 0.0033 | 0.0271 | 0.122 |
| 30 | 0.0016 | 0.0391 | 0.041 |
| 31 | 0.0025 | 0.0311 | 0.080 |
| 32 | 0.0031 | 0.0299 | 0.104 |
| 33 | 0.0020 | 0.0368 | 0.054 |
Hot rolling after the ray examination cleaning under 33 heat strands is pricked all to take a sample on coiled sheet in every stove heat and is done non-metallic inclusion grading check, and hot-rolled sheet coil non-metallic inclusion rating result is shown in Table 16, and the category-B inclusion is graded all below 1.5 grades.Inclusion grading situation shows that the inventive method is desirable to non-metallic inclusion control, and this processing method can satisfy hot rolling pipe line steel, weldering bottle steel and high-strength steel etc. to the requirement of non-metallic inclusion.Reduce on this technical clamp foreign material total amount, twice soft blow promoted again the floating of little inclusion; Avoid simultaneously the too high erosion to continuous casting stopper rod of calcium contents, and can realize sequence casting, realized low cost production.
The grading of table 16 hot-rolled sheet coil non-metallic inclusion
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of doing, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. technique of removing non-metallic inclusions in molten steel, it is characterized in that: described technique comprises the following steps:
Step a: molten iron is put into top and bottom combined blown converter smelt rear tapping, add granule lime and fluorite in tapping process, tapping finishes the top of the slag and adds the slow release deoxidizing agent, and after tapping, ladle bottom blowing stirred 3～5 minutes, argon bottom-blowing flow 400～600NL/min;
Step b: molten steel is carried out secondary refining;
After refining, the control ladle is decided slag ingredient and is comprised 55～60%CaO, 25～30%Al
2O
3, 6～9%MgO, 5～10%SiO
2, TFe+MnO≤1.0%;
Step c: the molten steel after refining is carried out a soft blow successively stir, stir to line feeding position hello silicon-calcium wire and secondary soft blow, then send continuous casting to carry out the full guard casting;
Wherein, in described step c, 5～15min is carried out in a soft blow, and the ladle bottom blowing argon flow amount is controlled at 50L/min～160NL/min; Feed argon bottom-blowing flow 200～400NL/min in the silicon-calcium wire process; 10～15min is carried out in the secondary soft blow, the ladle bottom blowing argon flow amount is controlled at 50L/min～160NL/min, Als/Alt ratio 〉=0.01 in molten steel before Als/Alt ratio-one time soft blow in molten steel after a soft blow, Als/Alt ratio 〉=0.01 in molten steel after Als/Alt ratio-one time soft blow in molten steel after the secondary soft blow.
2. the technique of removal non-metallic inclusions in molten steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step a, the add-on of granule lime is 8kg/t, and the add-on of fluorite is 2kg/t.
3. the technique of removal non-metallic inclusions in molten steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step a, the slow release deoxidizing agent is metallic aluminium, its add-on 200kg/t.
4. the technique of removal non-metallic inclusions in molten steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step b, secondary refining is to carry out the RH vacuum refinement after LF stove slag refining or RH vacuum refinement or LF stove slag refining again.
5. the technique of removal non-metallic inclusions in molten steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, after in described step c, refining finishes, the weight percentage of molten steel component comprises Ca:0.0015%～0.0045%, Alt:0.025%～0.045%, wherein, Ca/Alt:0.03～0.15.
6. the technique of removal non-metallic inclusions in molten steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described ladle bottom blowing is taked the two-way bottom blowing, and bottom-blown air brick adopts the dicyclo slot-type ventilating brick.
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| CN101545067B (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2010-07-21 | 首钢总公司 | Method for producing pipe line steel J55 by RH refining technology |
| CN101962702B (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2012-02-29 | 首钢总公司 | Method for controlling non-metallic inclusions in steel |
| CN102140609A (en) * | 2011-01-29 | 2011-08-03 | 首钢总公司 | Composite silicon and aluminum-added 590MPa-level transformation-induced plasticity steel and preparation method |
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