CN102796947A - High-grade non-oriented silicon steel with excellent magnetism and smelting method for high-grade non-oriented silicon steel - Google Patents
High-grade non-oriented silicon steel with excellent magnetism and smelting method for high-grade non-oriented silicon steel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for smelting high-grade non-oriented silicon steel with excellent magnetism. The method comprises the following steps of: 1) smelting, namely smelting the following chemical components: less than or equal to 0.005 weight percent of C, 2.6 to 3.4 weight percent of Si, 0.2 to 0.5 weight percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.2 weight percent of P, less than or equal to 0.005 weight percent of S, 0.3 to 1.6 weight percent of Al, less than or equal to 0.005 weight percent of N, less than or equal to 0.005 weight percent of O, less than or equal to 0.0015 weight percent of Ti, and the balance of Fe and inevitable inclusions, and modifying ladle top slag in the tapping process of a converter so as to ensure that the ladle top slag comprises 30 to 37 weight percent of CaO, 7 to 20 weight percent of SiO2, 35 to 45 weight percent of Al2O3, 5 to 9 weight percent of MgO, and 0.6 to 2.6 weight percent of T.Fe+MnO when the Ruhrstahl-Heraeus (RH) refining treatment begins; 2) performing RH refining, namely deoxidizing by using ferrosilicon when the decarburization of the RH refining is finished, wherein the adding speed of the ferrosilicon is less than or equal to 12.5kg/ton/min; and 3) adding 0.5 to 2.0 kg of calcium alloy into each ton of molten steel for the denaturation control of inclusions after the deoxidization and alloying are performed through the RH refining.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to non orientating silicon steel production, relate in particular to the high grade non-oriented silicon steel and the smelting process thereof of excellent magnetic.
Background technology
Current, non orientating silicon steel is just gradually to two extreme directions development, promptly cheap low trade mark direction, and the high trade mark direction of excellent magnetic.High grade silicon steel is meant that the finished product iron loss is not more than the steel grade of 4.0W/kg.And single with regard to the high trade mark, can effectively reduce the material iron loss, be its main direction from now on.
Significantly improving Si in the steel, Al constituent content, is to improve high trade mark magnetic one of effective measures the most.Reason is, Si, Al element can significantly improve the resistivity of material, can effectively reduce magnetocrystalline anisotropy, magnetization become be more prone to, thereby significantly reduce the iron loss of steel.Yet with improving constantly of Si, Al constituent content, especially Si, Al constituent content sum are greater than after 4.0%, and the unit elongation of steel sharply descends, and can't carry out effective cold working.Restricted by this, in the existing extraneous report, the high trade mark Si of suitability for industrialized production, Al constituent content sum be basically less than 4.0%, the highlyest is no more than 4.2%.
In addition, the control of nonmetallic inclusionsin steel is also very important.Their existence not only suppresses grain growth, impels lattice distortion, and hinders domain motion, finally causes the magnetic hysteresis loss of steel to raise the magnetic deterioration.Therefore, in smelting process, often adopt various measures its removal is perhaps carried out suitable sex change, to improve magnetism of material as much as possible.
Advantages such as as everyone knows, Al is strong deoxidant element, and it is fast to have deoxidation speed, and deoxidation effect is good, and the deoxidation expense is low.Therefore, in suitability for industrialized production, Al is widely used as the good reductor of cost performance.Adopt the main drawback of Al deoxidation to be, as the deoxidation products Al of inclusion
2O
3, size is less, and quantity is more, the follow-up come-up that is not easy, and especially high Si, high Al state, the molten steel thickness that becomes, inclusion also just are difficult to remove more.In addition, in casting cycle, with the continuous reduction of molten steel temperature, crystal boundary place particle solid solubility continues to descend, and also can further separate out the secondary deoxidation products this moment, mainly is Al certainly
2O
3Because its size is littler, and the disperse distribution, bigger to the finished product effect of magnetic influence.
Only free oxygen is blown in converter, is the source that produces non-metallic inclusion.Therefore, for effectively removing this type Al
2O
3, SiO
2Deng oxide inclusion, adopt usually and reduce converter tapping free oxygen content, strengthen RH refining C, O reaction effect, and after RH refinement and deoxidation, alloying, mix intensity and prolong the degassing time etc. through strengthening the Ar gas mixing, guarantee that inclusion fully floats.For example, Japanese Patent Laid is opened 2001-271147, and the spy opens 2005-336503, and the spy opens 2007-162097, etc.This method can effectively be improved the molten steel purity, reduces to be harmful in the steel to be mingled with content, and shortcoming is that device hardware is had relatively high expectations, and the prolongation treatment time can be reduced production efficiency.
For reducing bunch shape Al as much as possible
2O
3Harm, avoid it broken in course of hot rolling, often adopt control methods such as molten steel rare earth, calcium processing.For example, Japanese Patent Laid is opened clear 63-7322, contains Ca control of material Ca concentration through in steel, adding, and with control bunch shape inclusion morphology, can also suppress MnS, AlN etc. simultaneously and be mingled with generation.Because calcium is strong deoxidation, desulfurization element, when carrying out the calcium processing under the normal pressure, the molten steel internal-response is violent, pollutes big.
In addition, for guaranteeing finished product magnetic, also need each type impurity ratio in the strict control steel.For example, Japanese Patent Laid is opened 2003-027193, and after molten steel adopted rare earth to handle, in 1.5～5.0um scope, The amount of inclusions was less than 40/mm
2, in the above scope of 5.0 μ m, The amount of inclusions is less than 2/mm
2But generally, the oxygen of rare earth, sulfide density are suitable with molten steel, and smelting process is difficult to remove.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high grade non-oriented silicon steel and smelting process thereof of excellent magnetic; Carry out the ladle top slag upgrading in the converter tapping process; After RH refining decarburization finishes; Adopt ferrosilicon to carry out deoxidation, alloying, adopt calcium alloy to carry out the non-metallic inclusion sex change simultaneously, have easy and simple to handle, practical and convenient, advantages such as process parameter is controlled easily and molten steel is pure, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
The high grade non-oriented silicon steel of excellent magnetic; Its chemical component weight per-cent is: C≤0.005%, Si:2.6～3.4%, Mn:0.2～0.5%, P≤0.2%, S≤0.005%, Al:0.3～1.6%, N≤0.005%, O≤0.005%; Ti≤0.0015%, surplus are Fe and unavoidably are mingled with.
Further, also comprise Sb and/or Sn, total amount≤0.2%, by weight percentage.
In composition design of the present invention:
Below the C:0.005%.C hinders the finished product grain growth strongly, causes that easily the iron loss of steel increases and the generation magnetic aging, and brings difficulty for follow-up decarburization, therefore must be strict controlled in below 0.005%.
Si：2.6～3.4％。Si can improve matrix resistivity, effectively reduces the iron loss of steel.Si content is higher than at 3.4% o'clock, can significantly reduce the magnetic strength of steel, and cause rolling difficulty easily; And be lower than at 2.6% o'clock, do not have the effect that significantly reduces iron loss again.
Mn：0.2～0.5％。Mn combines with S to generate MnS, can effectively reduce the harm to magnetic, improves the electrical steel condition of surface simultaneously, reduces hot-short.Therefore, be necessary to add the Mn content more than 0.2%, and be higher than the Mn content more than 0.5%, destroy recrystallization texture easily, can significantly increase the manufacturing cost of steel again.
Below the P:0.2%.Phosphorus can improve the processibility of steel plate, but surpasses at 0.2% o'clock, makes the cold rolling processibility deterioration of steel plate on the contrary.
Below the S:0.005%.S content surpasses at 0.005% o'clock, and precipitate such as MnS will be increased greatly, hinders grain growth strongly, worsens the magnetic of steel.
Al：0.3～1.6％。Al increases the resistance element, is used for the deep deoxidation of electrical steel simultaneously, and Al content is higher than at 1.6% o'clock, can cause the continuous casting difficulty, and magnetic strength significantly reduces; And Al content is lower than at 0.3% o'clock, can significantly reduce the AlN solid solubility temperature, and causes the magnetic fluctuation of steel.
Below the N:0.005%.N content surpasses at 0.005% o'clock, and precipitate such as AlN will be increased greatly, hinders grain growth strongly, worsens the magnetic of steel.
Below the O:0.005%.O content surpasses at 0.005% o'clock, and the oxidation type impurity will be increased greatly, hinders grain growth strongly, worsens the magnetic of steel.
The smelting process of the high grade non-oriented silicon steel of excellent magnetic of the present invention, it comprises the steps:
1) smelts
Smelt by following composition; Chemical component weight per-cent is: C≤0.005%, Si:2.6～3.4%, Mn:0.2～0.5%, P≤0.2%, S≤0.005%, Al:0.3～1.6%, N≤0.005%, O≤0.005%; Ti≤0.0015%, surplus are Fe and unavoidably are mingled with;
The converter tapping process is carried out the upgrading processing to ladle top slag, when guaranteeing that the RH refining treatment begins, and the weight percent of ladle top slag chemical ingredients: CaO 30～37, SiO
27～20, Al
2O
335～45, MgO 5～9, T.Fe+MnO 0.6～2.6;
2) RH refining
Adopt ferrosilicon to carry out deoxidation when RH refining decarburization finishes, ferrosilicon adds speed≤12.5kg/ ton steel/min;
3) after RH refinement and deoxidation, the alloying, in molten steel, add 0.5～2.0kg/ ton steel calcium alloy and carry out inclusion modification control.
Further, step 2) when finishing, RH refining decarburization adopt ferrosilicon to carry out deoxidation, and ferrosilicon adds speed≤6.5kg/ ton steel/min.
Again, the high grade non-oriented silicon steel of described excellent magnetic also comprises Sb and/or Sn, total amount≤0.2%, by weight percentage.
In the converter tapping process, carrying out the ladle top slag upgrading, mainly is the partition ratio of considering to improve as much as possible Ti between slag-steel, avoids after steel liquid deoxidation, the alloying, and the Ti in the slag is not reduced the entering molten steel, finally obtains Ti content and is not more than 15 * 10
-4The strand of %.Reason is, the Ti element is to finished product magnetic, and especially the finished product effect of magnetic influence of high grade silicon steel is maximum.
The key of this operation is, adds the ladle top slag modifier of proper amt, require the ladle top slag upgrading after, slag bubble, good fluidity, and have suitable basicity, viscosity, oxidisability etc.Take all factors into consideration above-mentioned requirements, and the linkage heat Mechanics Calculation, the control requirement of best Ti partition ratio between slag, steel has been proposed.
In addition, the present invention adopts ferrosilicon to carry out deoxidation, alloying, require ferrosilicon add speed≤12.5kg/ ton steel/minute, preferred≤6.5kg/ ton steel/minute.Reason is, adopts ferrosilicon to carry out deoxidation, alloying, and deoxidation products mainly is the SiO of large-size
2, this is mingled with respect to adopt bunch shape Al that ferro-aluminum carries out deoxidation, alloying generation
2O
3Be mingled with, be more prone to come-up, remove.And, add speed through strictness restriction ferrosilicon, can also guarantee Molten Steel Flow property, help steel inclusion and remove.In addition, SiO
2Be mingled with fusing point up to 2500 ℃, can be not broken at course of hot rolling, therefore can not exert an influence to finished product magnetic.The deoxidation mode sees Table 1 to the influence of steel inclusion.
Table 1
The purpose that Xiang Gangzhong adds calcium alloy is can effectively avoid molten steel Argon stirring under the normal pressure, the absorption of nitrogen by steel of generation, oxygen uptake, and then the purity of deterioration steel.Simultaneously, in the time of also can effectively avoiding calcium to handle vigorous reaction, the topsoil of generation.The calcium alloy that adds in the molten steel can be participated in RH refining circulation, fully reacts with molten steel, plays deoxidation, desulfurization and bunch shape inclusion modification effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is ferrosilicon deoxidized steel finished product The amount of inclusions, distribution of sizes synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 is ferro-aluminum deoxidized steel finished product The amount of inclusions, distribution of sizes synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is further specified.
Embodiment 1
The chemical Composition Control situation of steel is seen table 2.Wherein, A, B, C are the different steel grades of expression, and embodiment and Comparative Examples are only comparing with under the steel grade.
Molten iron, steel scrap are proportionally arranged in pairs or groups, and behind 300 tons of converter smeltings, carry out the ladle top slag upgrading; After RH refining decarburization finishes, adopt ferrosilicon to carry out deoxidation, alloying, in steel, add then after the calcium alloy through outgasing, behind the continuous casting, obtaining the strand that 170mm～250mm is thick, 800mm～1400mm is wide.Through the strand of above-mentioned technology, after hot rolling, normalizing, cold rolling and annealing, obtain the finished product successively, the control situation of its electromagnetic performance is seen table 3.
Table 2 unit: weight percent
Table 3
No matter can find out from table 3, for for steel grade A, B or C, behind employing ladle top slag upgrading, the deoxidation of RH refined silicon and the calcium alloy, be the thick finished product of 0.35mm or 0.50mm in the embodiment of the invention, and the iron loss of steel all has reduction in various degree than aluminium deoxidation.For example, among the embodiment 1, the iron loss of 0.35mm thickness product is that 2.48W/kg, magnetic strength are 1.69T, and in the Comparative Examples 1, the iron loss of 0.35mm thickness product is that 2.53W/kg, magnetic strength are 1.68T.
Claims (5)
1. the high grade non-oriented silicon steel of excellent magnetic; Its chemical component weight per-cent is: C≤0.005%, Si:2.6～3.4%, Mn:0.2～0.5%, P≤0.2%, S≤0.005%, Al:0.3～1.6%, N≤0.005%, O≤0.005%; Ti≤0.0015%, surplus are Fe and unavoidably are mingled with.
2. the high grade non-oriented silicon steel of excellent magnetic as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises Sb and/or Sn, total amount≤0.2%, by weight percentage.
3. the smelting process of the high grade non-oriented silicon steel of excellent magnetic, it comprises the steps:
1) smelts
Smelt by following composition; Chemical component weight per-cent is: C≤0.005%, Si:2.6～3.4%, Mn:0.2～0.5%, P≤0.2%, S≤0.005%, Al:0.3～1.6%, N≤0.005%, O≤0.005%; Ti≤0.0015%, surplus are Fe and unavoidably are mingled with;
The converter tapping process is carried out the upgrading processing to ladle top slag, when guaranteeing that the RH refining treatment begins, and the weight percent of ladle top slag chemical ingredients: CaO 30～37, SiO
27～20, Al
2O
335～45, MgO 5～9, T.Fe+MnO 0.6～2.6;
2) RH refining
Adopt ferrosilicon to carry out deoxidation when RH refining decarburization finishes, ferrosilicon adds speed≤12.5kg/ ton steel/min;
3) after RH refinement and deoxidation, the alloying, in molten steel, add 0.5～2.0kg/ ton steel calcium alloy and carry out inclusion modification control.
4. the smelting process of the high grade non-oriented silicon steel of excellent magnetic as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that step 2) when finishing, RH refining decarburization adopt ferrosilicon to carry out deoxidation, and ferrosilicon adds speed≤6.5kg/ ton steel/min.
5. the smelting process of the high grade non-oriented silicon steel of excellent magnetic as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, the high grade non-oriented silicon steel of described excellent magnetic also comprises Sb and/or Sn, total amount≤0.2%, by weight percentage.
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Application publication date: 20121128 |