CN102329620B - Heavy-metal-polluted acidic soil repairing material as well as preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Heavy-metal-polluted acidic soil repairing material as well as preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heavy-metal-polluted acidic soil repairing material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The repairing material is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 10-20% of biomass electric power plant ash, 10-20% of slag powder, 10-30% of steel slag powder, 5-10% of fly ash and 25-50% of bentonite by uniformly mixing in a dry powder state. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: firstly, drying the raw materials until the water content is smaller than or equal to 1%; then, respectively weighing the raw materials according to the percentage by weight; and finally, uniformly stirring. The in-situ repairing of heavy-metal-polluted acidic soil is achieved by covering a layer of repairing material on the soil surface, uniformly mixing the soil surface layer with the repairing material in plowing and stirring modes, and detecting the contents of Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, Mn, Hg, As and Ni in the repaired soil and the soil pH value after 3-6 months until meeting the requirements of the second-level soil environment quality standard in GB15618-1995.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the soil in-situ repair materials in agroforestry field, refer to particularly a kind of heavy-metal-polluted acidic and its production and use.
Background technology
Acid soil is the soil general name that pH value is less than 7.The various redness that extensively distributing in China tropical and subtropical region or yellow acid soil, when ground temperature is high, rainfall is large, year rainfall is many more than 1500mm.The feature in this high temperature and rainy, damp and hot same season, makes the weathering of soil and pedogenesis all very strong, and the circulation of biomass is very rapid.Because alkali height in soil is unsaturated, its pH value generally maintains between 4.5～6.Gather because iron-aluminium oxide has obviously, soil acid is thin simultaneously.In acid soil, a serious problem is that nutrient availability is low, and related nutrient kind is also many.In addition, under acidic conditions, in soil, hydrogen, manganese, aluminium plasma are poisoned the normal growth that also has a strong impact on plant.China's acid soil area coverage is extensive, how low cost, to improve expeditiously, repair acid soil be a front line science technology.
Heavy metal pollution of soil refers to due to mankind's activity, and the trace harmful elements content in soil exceedes background value, or excess deposition and the too high levels that causes is referred to as heavy metal pollution of soil.The heavy metal of contaminated soil mainly comprises the significant elements of bio-toxicity such as mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), plumbous (Pb), chromium (Cr) and metalloid arsenic (As), and has the element such as zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) of certain toxicity.These elements are mainly from agricultural chemicals, waste water, mud and atmospheric precipitation etc., if mercury pollution is mainly from mercury-containing waste water, cadmium, Lead contamination are mainly from smelting discharge and automobile exhaust gas sedimentation, and it is to be widely used as due to sterilant, sterilant, rodenticide and weedicide that arsenic pollutes.Excessive heavy metal can cause physiological function of plants disorder, nutritional trouble, and the elements such as cadmium, mercury coefficient of concentration in crop grain is higher, even if exceed food hygienic standard, does not also affect growth, growth and the output of crop.In addition, mercury, arsenic can weaken and suppress nitrated in soil, Ammonifying bacteria is movable, affects nitrogen supply.Heavy metal contaminants movability in soil is very little, is difficult for water leaching,, for microbiological deterioration, does not enter after human body by food chain, and potential hazard is very big, therefore should be specifically noted that and prevents the pollution of heavy metal to soil.At present, countries in the world all take much count of Heavy Metal Pollution Control, and it is had to research widely, think more economical and practical, simple to operate based on soil in-situ recovery technique stable, curing and heavy metal adsorption principle, better effects if.
Biomass power generation refers to the technology of utilizing biomass resource to generate electricity.At present, biomass power generation is mainly to utilize the direct combustion power generation of agriculture and forestry organic waste material.Since 2003, China has accelerated to promote the paces of biomass generation development, and " planning of renewable energy source Long-and Medium-term Development " of having announced has also been determined to the developing goal of 3,000 ten thousand kilowatts of the year two thousand twenty biomass power generation installations.As a kind of renewable energy source having a extensive future, biomass power generation processing agricultural solid wastes, enrich and in energy structure, played vital role.But along with the sustainable development of biomass power generation industry, also bring biomass electric power plant solid waste to be difficult to the problem that the thorny problems such as processing, particularly biomass power plant ash (plant ash, rice hull ash) etc. are difficult to recycling.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention will provide a kind of heavy-metal-polluted acidic and its production and use exactly.This repair materials is using biomass power plant ash, slag powders, steel-making slag powder as solidifying agent, and using flyash and wilkinite as dispersing auxiliary, biomass power plant ash or pH value amendment and nutrition agent, make through mixing assembly.Use it for soil improvement, can be within the time of 3 to 6 months, low cost, will suffer the acid soil in-situ rapid renovation of heavy metal contamination expeditiously.
For achieving the above object, the heavy-metal-polluted acidic that the present invention develops, it is taking biomass power plant ash, slag powders, steel-making slag powder, flyash and wilkinite as raw material, under dry powder, evenly mix assembly and form, wherein the weight percent of each component dry-matter is: biomass power plant ash 10～20%, slag powders 10～20%, steel-making slag powder 10～30%, flyash 5～10%, wilkinite 25～50%.
The concrete proportioning of above-mentioned heavy-metal-polluted acidic can be made and optimizing and revising according to different Environmental Background Values of Soils:
In the time emphasizing heavy metals immobilization/stabilising effect, the weight percent of described each component dry-matter is: biomass power plant ash 10～15%, slag powders 10～20%, steel-making slag powder 10～25%, flyash 8～10%, wilkinite 30～50%.
In the time emphasizing that acid soil pH value and nutritive ingredient regulate: the weight percent of described each component dry-matter is: biomass power plant ash 15～20%, slag powders 10～15%, steel-making slag powder 15～30%, flyash 5～8%, wilkinite 27～42%.
In the time taking into account heavy metals immobilization/stabilising effect and acid soil pH value and nutritive ingredient adjusting: the weight percent of described each component dry-matter is: biomass power plant ash 12～15%, slag powders 12～18%, steel-making slag powder 20～25%, flyash 6～9%, wilkinite 33～45% simultaneously.
The preparation method of heavy-metal-polluted acidic of the present invention, comprises the steps:
1) dry: described each component raw material drying to its water ratio to be less than or equal to 1%, to keep the intrinsic activity of each component raw material;
2) batching: weigh respectively each component raw material by described weight proportion, be delivered in stir storehouse;
3) stir: stir each component raw material, pack or storage after stirring.
Further, above-mentioned preparation method's step 3) in, controlling churning time is 120～180 seconds, so that each component fully mixes.
The purposes of heavy-metal-polluted acidic of the present invention, is the method that the acid soil to suffering heavy metal contamination carries out original position reparation improvement, comprises the steps:
(1) use: suffering repair materials described in contaminated soil surface coverage one deck, and mixed with described repair materials by contaminated soil top layer by the mode of turning over, stirring;
(2) repair: through the time of 3 to 6 months, detect the requirement of second grade soil ambient quality standard in satisfied " standard of soil environment quality " GB15618-1995 of cadmium, lead, chromium, copper, zinc, manganese, mercury, arsenic, nickel and soil pH value in rehabilitating soil.
As preferred version, in the step of such use (1), the repair materials thickness covering is 1～5cm, and the contaminated soil skin depth that suffers of turning over, stirring is less than or equal to 25cm.
The repair mechanisms of heavy-metal-polluted acidic of the present invention are: after the composite steel-making slag powder of slag powders and part biological matter Power Plant Ash, can play the effect of stable/curing heavy metal element, reduce the biological effectiveness of heavy metal element in soil; Flyash, wilkinite can play the effect that reduces heavy metal activity and dispersion agent; In addition, the high potassium characteristic of alkaline biomass power plant ash can play the effect that supplements potassium deficiency in acid soil, thereby promotes the pH value of soil.
Advantage of the present invention is mainly reflected in following several aspect:
One, raw material sources of the present invention are extensive, can make full use of solid waste in agricultural, industrial circle and prepare the green material of environmental friendliness, economy, multi-functional characteristic, be one of important development direction of solid waste resource recovery utilization and soil remediation material, there is significant economy and social benefit.
Its two, the present invention is applicable to reparation and the improvement to the acid soil of top layer heavy metal contamination on a large scale, for example soil remediation in heavy metal contamination farmland.
Its three, the present invention can carry out original position reparation to the acid soil that suffers heavy metal contamination, not only repair materials and renovation technique are with low cost, and reclamation activities is simple and easy to do, repair process is quick, successful.
In sum, the present invention utilizes the potential hydration activity of biomass power plant ash and alkaline feature, the acid soil that processing and reparation are subject to heavy metal contamination is the measure of killing three birds with one stone, both can solve biomass power plant ash resource utilization problem, harmful element, improvement acid soil composition and characteristic in simultaneously can stable soil.
Embodiment
In order to explain better the present invention, further illustrate main contents of the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but content of the present invention is not only confined to following examples.
Embodiment 1:
The preparation of each component raw material of the present invention: biomass power plant ash is selected the boiler fly ash of being collected by sack cleaner after fuel combustion taking agricultural solid waste; Slag powders, steel-making slag powder, flyash and wilkinite adopt outsourcing material.
The preparation method of repair materials of the present invention, comprises the steps:
1) dry: biomass power plant ash, slag powders, steel-making slag powder, flyash and wilkinite to be dried to its water ratio and to equal 0.9%, to keep the intrinsic activity of each component raw material.
2) batching: get by weight ratio biomass power plant ash 10kg, slag powders 20kg, steel-making slag powder 20kg, flyash 10kg, wilkinite 40kg, be delivered in stir storehouse.
3) stir: use agravic blender uniform stirring above-mentioned raw materials, controlling churning time is 120 seconds, can obtain repair materials of the present invention.This repair materials can pack transport or storage, also can directly send into powder tank by Pneumatic conveyer and store.
Apply above-mentioned repair materials to suffering the acid soil of heavy metal contamination to carry out the concrete grammar of original position reparation, comprise the steps:
(1) use: at the repair materials that suffers contaminated soil surface coverage one deck 4cm thickness, by the mode of turning over, stirring, the contaminated soil top layer that suffers of 20cm thickness is mixed with repair materials.
(2) repair: through 3 months repair processes of 15 day time again, find after testing: in rehabilitating soil, cadmium, lead, chromium, copper, zinc, manganese, mercury, arsenic, nickel lose biological effectiveness, the requirement that toxic heavy metal concentration of element and soil pH value meet second grade soil ambient quality standard in " standard of soil environment quality " GB15618-1995, has realized the original position reparation of heavy metal contamination acid soil.
Embodiment 2:
The preparation of each component raw material of the present invention is identical with embodiment 1.
The preparation method of repair materials of the present invention, comprises the steps:
1) dry: biomass power plant ash, slag powders, steel-making slag powder, flyash and wilkinite to be dried to its water ratio and to equal 0.8%, to keep the intrinsic activity of each component raw material.
2) batching: get by weight ratio biomass power plant ash 15kg, slag powders 15kg, steel-making slag powder 15kg, flyash 8kg, wilkinite 42kg, be delivered in stir storehouse.
3) stir: use agravic blender uniform stirring above-mentioned raw materials, controlling churning time is 180 seconds, can obtain repair materials of the present invention.
Apply above-mentioned repair materials to suffering the acid soil of heavy metal contamination to carry out the concrete grammar of original position reparation, comprise the steps:
(1) use: at the repair materials that suffers contaminated soil surface coverage one deck 3cm thickness, by the mode of turning over, stirring, the contaminated soil top layer that suffers of 15cm thickness is mixed with repair materials.
(2) repair: through the repair process of 5 months, find after testing: in rehabilitating soil, cadmium, lead, chromium, copper, zinc, manganese, mercury, arsenic, nickel lose biological effectiveness, the requirement that toxic heavy metal concentration of element and soil pH value meet second grade soil ambient quality standard in " standard of soil environment quality " GB15618-1995, has realized the original position reparation of heavy metal contamination acid soil.
Embodiment 3:
The preparation of each component raw material of the present invention is identical with embodiment 1.
The preparation method of repair materials of the present invention, comprises the steps:
1) dry: biomass power plant ash, slag powders, steel-making slag powder, flyash and wilkinite to be dried to its water ratio and to equal 0.5%, to keep the intrinsic activity of each component raw material.
2) batching: get by weight ratio biomass power plant ash 12kg, slag powders 15kg, steel-making slag powder 22kg, flyash 9kg, wilkinite 42kg, be delivered in stir storehouse.
3) stir: use agravic blender uniform stirring above-mentioned raw materials, controlling churning time is 150 seconds, can obtain repair materials of the present invention.
Apply above-mentioned repair materials to suffering the acid soil of heavy metal contamination to carry out the concrete grammar of original position reparation, comprise the steps:
(1) use: at the repair materials that suffers contaminated soil surface coverage one deck 2cm thickness, by the mode of turning over, stirring, the contaminated soil top layer that suffers of 10cm thickness is mixed with repair materials.
(2) repair: through the repair process of 6 months, find after testing: in rehabilitating soil, cadmium, lead, chromium, copper, zinc, manganese, mercury, arsenic, nickel lose biological effectiveness, the requirement that toxic heavy metal concentration of element and soil pH value meet second grade soil ambient quality standard in " standard of soil environment quality " GB15618-1995, has realized the original position reparation of heavy metal contamination acid soil.
Claims (7)
1. a heavy-metal-polluted acidic, it evenly mixes assembly and forms taking biomass power plant ash, slag powders, steel-making slag powder, flyash and wilkinite as raw material under dry powder; Wherein, the water ratio of each component dry-matter is less than 1%, and the weight percent of each component dry-matter is: biomass power plant ash 10～20%, slag powders 10～20%, steel-making slag powder 10～30%, flyash 5～10%, wilkinite 25～50%.
2. heavy-metal-polluted acidic according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the weight percent of described each component dry-matter is: biomass power plant ash 10～15%, slag powders 10～20%, steel-making slag powder 10～25%, flyash 8～10%, wilkinite 30～50%.
3. heavy-metal-polluted acidic according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the weight percent of described each component dry-matter is: biomass power plant ash 15～20%, slag powders 10～15%, steel-making slag powder 15～30%, flyash 5～8%, wilkinite 27～42%.
4. heavy-metal-polluted acidic according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the weight percent of described each component dry-matter is: biomass power plant ash 12～15%, slag powders 12～18%, steel-making slag powder 20～25%, flyash 6～9%, wilkinite 33～45%.
5. a preparation method for heavy-metal-polluted acidic described in claim 1, comprises the steps:
1) dry: described each component raw material drying to its water ratio to be less than to 1%, to keep the intrinsic activity of each component raw material;
2) batching: weigh respectively each component raw material by described weight proportion, be delivered in stir storehouse;
3) stir: stir each component raw material, pack or storage after stirring.
6. the preparation method of heavy-metal-polluted acidic according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described step 3) in, controlling churning time is 120～180 seconds.
7. a purposes for heavy-metal-polluted acidic described in claim 1, it is the method that the acid soil to suffering heavy metal contamination carries out original position reparation improvement, comprises the steps:
(1) use: suffering repair materials described in contaminated soil surface coverage one deck, and mixed with described repair materials by contaminated soil top layer by the mode of turning over, stirring; Wherein, the repair materials thickness covering is 1～5cm, and the contaminated soil skin depth that suffers of turning over, stirring is less than or equal to 25cm.
(2) repair: through the time of 3 to 6 months, cadmium, lead, chromium, copper, zinc, manganese, mercury, arsenic, nickel and the soil pH value in detection rehabilitating soil met the requirement of second grade soil ambient quality standard in GB15618-1995.
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