CN102329620A - Heavy-metal-polluted acidic soil repairing material as well as preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Heavy-metal-polluted acidic soil repairing material as well as preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heavy-metal-polluted acidic soil repairing material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The repairing material is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 10-20% of biomass electric power plant ash, 10-20% of slag powder, 10-30% of steel slag powder, 5-10% of fly ash and 25-50% of bentonite by uniformly mixing in a dry powder state. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: firstly, drying the raw materials until the water content is smaller than or equal to 1%; then, respectively weighing the raw materials according to the percentage by weight; and finally, uniformly stirring. The in-situ repairing of heavy-metal-polluted acidic soil is achieved by covering a layer of repairing material on the soil surface, uniformly mixing the soil surface layer with the repairing material in plowing and stirring modes, and detecting the contents of Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, Mn, Hg, As and Ni in the repaired soil and the soil pH value after 3-6 months until meeting the requirements of the second-level soil environment quality standard in GB15618-1995.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the soil original position repair materials in the eagroforestry field, refer to a kind of heavy metal contamination acid soil repair materials particularly.
Background technology
Acid soil is the pH value less than 7 soil general name.In China torrid zone, subtropical zone extensively distributing various redness or xanchromatic acid soil, when ground temperature is high, rainfall is big, year rainfall is many more than 1500mm.This high temperature and rainy, damp and hot characteristics with season make the weathering of soil and pedogenesis all very strong, and the circulation of biomass very rapidly.Because the alkali height is unsaturated in the soil, its pH value generally maintains between 4.5~6.Because iron-aluminium oxide has obviously and gathers, soil acid is thin simultaneously.A serious problem is that nutrient availability is low in the acid soil, and related nutrient kind is also many.In addition, under acidic conditions, hydrogen, manganese, aluminium plasma are poisoned the normal growth that also has a strong impact on plant in the soil.How low-cost China's acid soil area coverage is extensive,, to improve, repair acid soil expeditiously be a front line science technology.
Heavy metal pollution of soil is meant that because mankind's activity the trace harmful elements content in the soil surpasses background value, or excess deposition and the too high levels that causes is referred to as heavy metal pollution of soil.The heavy metal of contaminated soil mainly comprises mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), plumbous (Pb), chromium (Cr) and the metalloid arsenic significant elements of bio-toxicity such as (As), and certain toxic zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), nickel elements such as (Ni) are arranged.These elements are mainly from agricultural chemicals, waste water, mud and atmospheric precipitation etc.; Like mercury pollution mainly from mercury-containing waste water; Mainly from smelting discharging and automobile exhaust gas sedimentation, arsenic contamination then is used as due to sterilant, sterilant, rodenticide and the weedicide in a large number for cadmium, Lead contamination.Excessive heavy metal can cause that physiological function of plants is disorderly, nutritional trouble, and elements such as cadmium, mercury coefficient of concentration in crop grain is higher, even surpass food hygienic standard, does not also influence growth, growth and the output of crop.In addition, mercury, arsenic can weaken and suppress nitrated in the soil, Ammonifying bacteria is movable, influences the nitrogen supply.Heavy metal contaminants movability in soil is very little, is difficult for the water leaching, is not microbiological deterioration, and behind food chain entering human body, potential hazard is very big, therefore should be specifically noted that to prevent the pollution of heavy metal to soil.At present, countries in the world all take much count of heavy metal contamination and administer, and it is had extensive studies, think more economical and practical, simple to operate based on the soil based technique for in-situ remediation of stable, curing and heavy metal absorption principle, better effects if.
Biomass power generation is meant the technology of utilizing biomass resource to generate electricity.At present, biomass power generation mainly is to utilize the direct combustion power generation of agriculture and forestry organic waste material.Since 2003, China has accelerated to promote the paces of biomass power generation technical development, and " the medium-term and long-term development program of renewable energy source " announced also confirmed to install 3,000 ten thousand kilowatts developing goal of the year two thousand twenty biomass power generation.As a kind of renewable energy source that has a extensive future, biomass power generation gives up admittedly, enriches in the processing agricultural and played vital role on the energy structure.But, also brought the biomass electric power plant solid waste to be difficult to the problem that thorny problems such as processing, particularly biomass power plant ash (plant ash, rice hull ash) etc. are difficult to recycling along with the sustainable development of biomass power generation industry.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention will provide a kind of heavy metal contamination acid soil repair materials exactly.As solidifying agent, as dispersing auxiliary, biomass power plant ash still is pH value amendment and nutrition agent to this repair materials, is mixed with through combined group with flyash and wilkinite with biomass power plant ash, slag powders, steel-making slag powder.Use it for soil improvement, can be in 3 to 6 months time, low-cost, repaired fast by the acid soil original position of heavy metal contamination expeditiously.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose; The heavy metal contamination acid soil repair materials that the present invention developed; It is a raw material with biomass power plant ash, slag powders, steel-making slag powder, flyash and wilkinite; The uniform mixing assembly forms under dry powder, and wherein the weight percent of each component dry-matter is: biomass power plant ash 10~20%, slag powders 10~20%, steel-making slag powder 10~30%, flyash 5~10%, wilkinite 25~50%.
The concrete proportioning of above-mentioned heavy metal contamination acid soil repair materials can be made according to different edatope background values and being optimized and revised:
When emphasical heavy metals immobilization/stabilising effect, the weight percent of said each component dry-matter is: biomass power plant ash 10~15%, slag powders 10~20%, steel-making slag powder 10~25%, flyash 8~10%, wilkinite 30~50%.
When emphasical acid soil pH value and nutritive ingredient adjusting: the weight percent of said each component dry-matter is: biomass power plant ash 15~20%, slag powders 10~15%, steel-making slag powder 15~30%, flyash 5~8%, wilkinite 27~42%.
When taking into account the adjusting of heavy metals immobilization/stabilising effect and acid soil pH value and nutritive ingredient simultaneously: the weight percent of said each component dry-matter is: biomass power plant ash 12~15%, slag powders 12~18%, steel-making slag powder 20~25%, flyash 6~9%, wilkinite 33~45%.
The preparation method of heavy metal contamination acid soil repair materials according to the invention comprises the steps:
1) drying: said each component raw material drying to its water ratio is less than or equal to 1%, to keep the intrinsic activity of each component raw material;
2) batching: weigh the each component raw material respectively by said weight proportion, be delivered in the stir storehouse;
3) stir: stir the each component raw material, the back pack that stirs is perhaps stored.
Further, in above-mentioned preparing method's the step 3), the control churning time is 120~180 seconds, so that the each component thorough mixing is even.
The purposes of heavy metal contamination acid soil repair materials according to the invention is the method for the acid soil that suffers heavy metal contamination being carried out original position reparation improvement, comprises the steps:
(1) uses: suffering the said repair materials of Contaminated soil surface coverage one deck, and mixed by Contaminated soil top layer and said repair materials through the mode of turning over, stirring;
(2) repair: through 3 to 6 months time, the requirement that detects second grade soil ambient quality standard among satisfied " soil environment quality standard " GB15618-1995 of cadmium, lead, chromium, copper, zinc, manganese, mercury, arsenic, nickel and soil pH value in the rehabilitating soil got final product.
As preferred version, in the step of such use (1), the repair materials thickness that is covered is 1~5cm, and the Contaminated soil skin depth that suffers of turning over, stirring is less than or equal to 25cm.
The repair mechanisms of heavy metal contamination acid soil repair materials according to the invention are: behind composite steel-making slag powder of slag powders and the part biological matter power plant ash; Can play the effect of stable/curing heavy metal element, reduce the biological effectiveness of heavy metal element in soil; Flyash, wilkinite can play the effect that reduces heavy metal activity and dispersion agent; In addition, the high potassium characteristic of alkaline biomass power plant ash can play the effect that potassium element lacks in the acid soil that replenishes, thereby promotes pH in soil.
Advantage of the present invention is mainly reflected in following several aspect:
One of which; Raw material sources of the present invention are extensive; Can make full use of the green material that solid waste in agricultural, the industrial circle prepares environmental friendliness, economy, multi-functional characteristic; Be one of important development direction of solid waste resource recovery utilization and soil remediation material, have remarkable economical and social benefit.
Its two, the present invention is applicable to reparation and the improvement to the acid soil of top layer heavy metal contamination on a large scale, the for example soil remediation in heavy metal contamination farmland.
Its three, the present invention can carry out original position and repair to the acid soil that suffers heavy metal contamination, not only repair materials and renovation technique are with low cost, and reclamation activities is simple and easy to do, repair process is quick, effect is obvious.
In sum; The present invention utilizes biomass power plant ash potential hydration activity and alkaline characteristics; Handling and repairing the acid soil that receives heavy metal contamination is the measure of killing three birds with one stone; Both can solve biomass power plant ash resource utilization problem, harmful element, improvement acid soil composition and characteristic in simultaneously can stable soil.
Embodiment
In order to explain the present invention better, further illustrate main contents of the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but content of the present invention not only is confined to following examples.
Embodiment 1:
The preparation of each component raw material of the present invention: it is the boiler fly ash of being collected by sack cleaner after the fuel combustion that biomass power plant ash is selected for use with agricultural solid waste; Slag powders, steel-making slag powder, flyash and wilkinite adopt the outsourcing material.
The preparation method of repair materials of the present invention comprises the steps:
1) drying: biomass power plant ash, slag powders, steel-making slag powder, flyash and wilkinite are dried to its water ratio equal 0.9%, to keep the intrinsic activity of each component raw material.
2) batching: get biomass power plant ash 10kg, slag powders 20kg, steel-making slag powder 20kg, flyash 10kg, wilkinite 40kg by weight ratio, be delivered in the stir storehouse.
3) stir: use agravic stirrer evenly to stir above-mentioned raw materials, the control churning time is 120 seconds, can obtain repair materials of the present invention.This repair materials can pack transportation or store, and also can directly send into the powder jar by Pneumatic conveyer and store.
Use above-mentioned repair materials the acid soil that suffers heavy metal contamination is carried out the concrete grammar that original position is repaired, comprise the steps:
(1) uses:,, suffer the Contaminated soil top layer and the repair materials of 20cm thickness mixed through the mode of turning over, stirring at the repair materials that suffers Contaminated soil surface coverage one deck 4cm thickness.
(2) repair: through 3 months repair processes of 15 day time again; Find through detecting: cadmium, lead, chromium, copper, zinc, manganese, mercury, arsenic, nickel lose biological effectiveness in the rehabilitating soil; The requirement that toxic heavy metal concentration of element and soil pH value satisfy second grade soil ambient quality standard among " soil environment quality standard " GB15618-1995 has realized the original position reparation of heavy metal contamination acid soil.
Embodiment 2:
The preparation of each component raw material of the present invention is identical with embodiment 1.
The preparation method of repair materials of the present invention comprises the steps:
1) drying: biomass power plant ash, slag powders, steel-making slag powder, flyash and wilkinite are dried to its water ratio equal 0.8%, to keep the intrinsic activity of each component raw material.
2) batching: get biomass power plant ash 15kg, slag powders 15kg, steel-making slag powder 15kg, flyash 8kg, wilkinite 42kg by weight ratio, be delivered in the stir storehouse.
3) stir: use agravic stirrer evenly to stir above-mentioned raw materials, the control churning time is 180 seconds, can obtain repair materials of the present invention.
Use above-mentioned repair materials the acid soil that suffers heavy metal contamination is carried out the concrete grammar that original position is repaired, comprise the steps:
(1) uses:,, suffer the Contaminated soil top layer and the repair materials of 15cm thickness mixed through the mode of turning over, stirring at the repair materials that suffers Contaminated soil surface coverage one deck 3cm thickness.
(2) repair: through 5 months repair process; Find through detecting: cadmium, lead, chromium, copper, zinc, manganese, mercury, arsenic, nickel lose biological effectiveness in the rehabilitating soil; The requirement that toxic heavy metal concentration of element and soil pH value satisfy second grade soil ambient quality standard among " soil environment quality standard " GB15618-1995 has realized the original position reparation of heavy metal contamination acid soil.
Embodiment 3:
The preparation of each component raw material of the present invention is identical with embodiment 1.
The preparation method of repair materials of the present invention comprises the steps:
1) drying: biomass power plant ash, slag powders, steel-making slag powder, flyash and wilkinite are dried to its water ratio equal 0.5%, to keep the intrinsic activity of each component raw material.
2) batching: get biomass power plant ash 12kg, slag powders 15kg, steel-making slag powder 22kg, flyash 9kg, wilkinite 42kg by weight ratio, be delivered in the stir storehouse.
3) stir: use agravic stirrer evenly to stir above-mentioned raw materials, the control churning time is 150 seconds, can obtain repair materials of the present invention.
Use above-mentioned repair materials the acid soil that suffers heavy metal contamination is carried out the concrete grammar that original position is repaired, comprise the steps:
(1) uses:,, suffer the Contaminated soil top layer and the repair materials of 10cm thickness mixed through the mode of turning over, stirring at the repair materials that suffers Contaminated soil surface coverage one deck 2cm thickness.
(2) repair: through 6 months repair process; Find through detecting: cadmium, lead, chromium, copper, zinc, manganese, mercury, arsenic, nickel lose biological effectiveness in the rehabilitating soil; The requirement that toxic heavy metal concentration of element and soil pH value satisfy second grade soil ambient quality standard among " soil environment quality standard " GB15618-1995 has realized the original position reparation of heavy metal contamination acid soil.
Claims (8)
1. heavy metal contamination acid soil repair materials; It is a raw material with biomass power plant ash, slag powders, steel-making slag powder, flyash and wilkinite; The uniform mixing assembly forms under dry powder, and wherein the weight percent of each component dry-matter is: biomass power plant ash 10~20%, slag powders 10~20%, steel-making slag powder 10~30%, flyash 5~10%, wilkinite 25~50%.
2. heavy metal contamination acid soil repair materials according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the weight percent of said each component dry-matter is: biomass power plant ash 10~15%, slag powders 10~20%, steel-making slag powder 10~25%, flyash 8~10%, wilkinite 30~50%.
3. heavy metal contamination acid soil repair materials according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the weight percent of said each component dry-matter is: biomass power plant ash 15~20%, slag powders 10~15%, steel-making slag powder 15~30%, flyash 5~8%, wilkinite 27~42%.
4. heavy metal contamination acid soil repair materials according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the weight percent of said each component dry-matter is: biomass power plant ash 12~15%, slag powders 12~18%, steel-making slag powder 20~25%, flyash 6~9%, wilkinite 33~45%.
5. the preparation method of the said heavy metal contamination acid soil of claim 1 repair materials comprises the steps:
1) drying: said each component raw material drying to its water ratio is less than or equal to 1%, to keep the intrinsic activity of each component raw material;
2) batching: weigh the each component raw material respectively by said weight proportion, be delivered in the stir storehouse;
3) stir: stir the each component raw material, the back pack that stirs is perhaps stored.
6. according to the preparation method of the said heavy metal contamination acid soil of claim 5 repair materials, it is characterized in that: in the said step 3), the control churning time is 120~180 seconds.
7. the purposes of the said heavy metal contamination acid soil of claim 1 repair materials, it is the method for the acid soil that suffers heavy metal contamination being carried out original position reparation improvement, comprises the steps:
(1) uses: suffering the said repair materials of Contaminated soil surface coverage one deck, and mixed by Contaminated soil top layer and said repair materials through the mode of turning over, stirring;
(2) repair: through 3 to 6 months time, the requirement that cadmium, lead, chromium, copper, zinc, manganese, mercury, arsenic, nickel and the soil pH value in the detection rehabilitating soil satisfies second grade soil ambient quality standard among the GB15618-1995 got final product.
8. according to the purposes of the said heavy metal contamination acid soil of claim 7 repair materials, it is characterized in that: in the said step (1), the repair materials thickness that is covered is 1~5cm, and the Contaminated soil skin depth that suffers of turning over, stirring is less than or equal to 25cm.
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