CN102325454A - 谷类作物的6-(三取代的苯基)-4-氨基-吡啶-2-羧酸类除草剂损害的安全剂 - Google Patents
谷类作物的6-(三取代的苯基)-4-氨基-吡啶-2-羧酸类除草剂损害的安全剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102325454A CN102325454A CN2009801473565A CN200980147356A CN102325454A CN 102325454 A CN102325454 A CN 102325454A CN 2009801473565 A CN2009801473565 A CN 2009801473565A CN 200980147356 A CN200980147356 A CN 200980147356A CN 102325454 A CN102325454 A CN 102325454A
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- Prior art keywords
- weed killer
- killer herbicide
- amino
- safener
- pyridine
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Classifications
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/32—Ingredients for reducing the noxious effect of the active substances to organisms other than pests, e.g. toxicity reducing compositions, self-destructing compositions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/24—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with two or more hetero atoms
- A01N43/26—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with two or more hetero atoms five-membered rings
- A01N43/28—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with two or more hetero atoms five-membered rings with two hetero atoms in positions 1,3
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/54—1,3-Diazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-diazines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/56—1,2-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2-diazoles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/647—Triazoles; Hydrogenated triazoles
- A01N43/653—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/74—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,3
- A01N43/76—1,3-Oxazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3-oxazoles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/80—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/84—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms six-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,4
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
使用AD67(MON 4660)、解草嗪、2-CBSU、香草隆、烯丙酰草胺、dicyclonon(BAS 145138H)、解草唑、解草啶、氟草肟、解草呋(MON 13900)、草甘膦、双苯唑酸乙酯、吡唑解草酯、萘二甲酐、解草腈以及它们的混合物降低在小麦和大麦中由6-(三取代的苯基)-4-氨基-吡啶-2-羧酸类引起的除草损害。
Description
技术领域
本申请要求2008年11月24日提交的美国临时专利申请61/117,332的权益。本发明涉及谷类作物(cereal crops)的6-(三取代的苯基)-4-氨基-吡啶-2-羧酸类的除草损害的安全剂。
背景技术
当使用农业化学品诸如植物保护剂且特别地除草剂时,栽培植物(cultivated plants)可受到一定程度的损害,这取决于多种因素诸如农业化学品的剂量以及它们的施用方法、栽培植物的种类、土壤性质和气候条件,例如暴露于光照的时间长短、温度和降水量。因此,已知的是当使用有效剂量的除草剂时,待保护以免受不期望的植物生长的不良作用的栽培植物可受到一定程度的损害。已经提出了能够特别防止除草剂对栽培植物的不良作用的各种物质(即保护栽培植物而同时没有显著影响对需要除去的杂草的除草作用)能够解决该问题。然而,已经发现频繁提出的解毒剂仅具有窄的使用领域,即特定的解毒剂仅频繁地适于与个别种类的栽培植物使用和/或保护栽培植物免受个别的除草物质或几类物质。
美国专利7,314,849B2描述了一些6-(多取代的芳基)-4-氨基-吡啶-2-羧酸类化合物以及它们作为除草剂的用途。尽管这些化合物中的一些已经显示为控制在谷类作物中的不期望的植被(vegetation)的特别有效的除草剂,而它们也显示在适当控制不期望的植被所需的浓度时对小麦和大麦均产生微量的损害。
发明内容
目前已经惊奇地发现,一些具有植物生长素类(auxinic)作用模式的6-(多取代的芳基)-4-氨基-吡啶-2-羧酸类化合物对小麦和大麦的植物毒性作用可通过使用一些安全剂进行改善。本发明涉及保护谷类作物免受式(I)的6-(三取代的苯基)-4-氨基-吡啶-2-羧酸类除草剂及其农业用盐、酯和酰胺衍生物的有害作用的方法,
式(I):
其中hal表示F、Cl或Br且R表示甲基或乙基,
所述方法包括使小麦和大麦与安全剂或具有保护能力的相容除草剂接触,或将安全剂或具有保护能力的相容除草剂施用到栽培区域,所述安全剂或相容的除草剂选自AD67(MON 4660)、解草嗪(benoxacor)、2-CBSU、香草隆(daimuron)、烯丙酰草胺(dichlormid)、dicyclonon(BAS 145 138H)、解草唑(fenchlorazole-ethyl)、解草啶(fenclorim)、氟草肟(fluxofenim)、解草呋(furilazole,MON 13900)、草甘膦(glyphosate)、双苯唑酸乙酯(isoxadifen-ethyl)、吡唑解草酯(mefenpyr-diethyl)、萘二甲酐(naphthalic anhydride)、解草腈(oxabetrinil)以及它们的混合物。
本发明还涉及保护小麦和大麦免受式(I)的6-(三取代的苯基)-4-氨基-吡啶-2-羧酸类除草剂及其农业用盐、酯和酰胺衍生物的有害作用的组合物,
式(I):
其中hal表示F、Cl或Br且R表示甲基或乙基,
所述组合物除了包含6-(三取代的苯基)-4-氨基-吡啶-2-羧酸类除草剂之外,还包含安全剂或具有保护能力的相容除草剂,其选自AD67(MON4660)、解草嗪、2-CBSU、香草隆、烯丙酰草胺、dicyclonon(BAS 145 138H)、解草唑、解草啶、氟草肟、解草呋(MON 13900)、草甘膦、双苯唑酸乙酯、吡唑解草酯、萘二甲酐、解草腈以及它们的混合物。在优选的组合物中,所述6-(三取代的苯基)-4-氨基-吡啶-2-羧酸类除草剂为4-氨基-3-氯-6-(4-氯-2-氟-3-甲氧基苯基)-吡啶-2-羧酸衍生物或4-氨基-3-氯-6-(2,4-二氯-3-甲氧基苯基)-吡啶-2-羧酸衍生物。
已经惊奇地发现与式(I)的吡啶羧酸类除草剂组合使用的螺噁唑烷(spirooxazolidine)安全剂诸如AD 67(MON 4660)显示了在小麦(Triticumaestivum L;TRZAS)和大麦(Hordeum vulgare L;HORVS)中对式(I)的吡啶羧酸类除草剂的植物毒性的防护作用而不损失对杂草诸如草丛(Galium aparine L;GALAP)、紫色死亡荨麻(Lamium purpureum L;LAMPU)、玉米罂粟(papaverrhoeas L;PAPRH)的除草作用。
二氯乙酰胺安全剂诸如解草嗪、烯丙酰草胺、dicyclonon(BAS 145138H)、解草呋(MON 13900)和式(I)的吡啶羧酸类除草剂的组合产生了在小麦(Triticum aestivum L;TRZAS)和大麦(Hordeum vulgare L;HORVS)中对式(I)的吡啶羧酸类除草剂的植物毒性具有意料不到安全性作用而不损失对杂草诸如草丛(Galium aparme L;GALAP)、紫色死亡荨麻(Lamium purpureum L;LAMPU)、玉米罂粟(Papaver rhoeas L;PAPRH)、繁缕(Stellaria media L;STEME)、鸟类眼部威灵仙属(bird’s-eye speedwell)(Veronica persica L;VERPE)的除草作用。
还惊奇地发现苯磺酰胺安全剂诸如2-CBSU和式(I)的吡啶羧酸类除草剂的混合物显示了在小麦(Triticum aestivum L;TRZAS)和大麦(Hordeum vulgareL;HORVS)中对式(I)的吡啶羧酸类除草剂的植物毒性的安全性作用而不损失对杂草诸如草丛(Galium aparine L;GALAP)、紫色死亡荨麻(Lamiumpurpureum L;LAMPU)、玉米罂粟(Papaver rhoeas L;PAPRH)的除草作用。
还意料不到地发现苯基吡唑安全剂诸如解草唑、吡唑解草酯和式(I)的吡啶羧酸类除草剂的混合物显示了在小麦(Triticum aestivum L;TRZAS)和大麦(Hordeum vulgare L;HORVS)中对式(I)的吡啶羧酸类除草剂的植物毒性的安全性作用而不降低对杂草诸如草丛(Galium aparine L;GALAP)、紫色死亡荨麻(Lamium purpureum L;LAMPU)、玉米罂粟(Papaver rhoeas L;PAPRH)、鸟类眼部威灵仙属(bird’s-eye speedwell)(Veronica persica L;VERPE)、俄国大蓟(Salsola iberica L;SASKR)、野生三色紫罗兰(Viola tricolor L;VIOTR)的除草作用。
苯基嘧啶安全剂诸如解草啶和式(I)的吡啶羧酸类除草剂的组合显示了在小麦(Triticum aestivum L;TRZAS)和大麦(Hordeum vulgare L;HORVS)中对式(I)的吡啶羧酸类除草剂的植物毒性的安全性作用而不损失对杂草诸如草丛(Galium aparine L;GALAP)、紫色死亡荨麻(Lamium purpureum L;LAMPU)、玉米罂粟(Papaver rhoeas L;PAPRH)、野生荞麦(Polygonum convolvulus L;POLCO)的除草作用。
肟类安全剂诸如氟草肟、解草腈和式(I)的吡啶羧酸类除草剂的组合显示了在小麦(Triticum aestivum L;TRZAS)和大麦(Hordeum vulgare L;HORVS)中对式(I)的吡啶羧酸类除草剂的植物毒性的意料不到的安全性作用而不降低对杂草诸如草丛(Galium aparine L;GALAP)、紫色死亡荨麻(Lamium purpureumL;LAMPU)、玉米罂粟(Papaver rhoeas L;PAPRH)、香气小白菊(Matricariachamomila L;MATCH)、俄国大蓟(Salsola iberica L;SASKR)的除草作用。
还惊奇地发现肟醚安全剂诸如双苯唑酸乙酯和式(I)的吡啶羧酸类除草剂的混合物显示了在小麦(Triticum aestivum L;TRZAS)、硬粒小麦(Triticumdurum L;TRZDU)和大麦(Hordeum vulgare L;HORVS)中对式(I)的吡啶羧酸类除草剂的植物毒性的安全性作用而不降低对杂草诸如紫色死亡荨麻(Lamiumpurpureum L;LAMPU)、玉米罂粟(Papaver rhoeas L;PAPRH)的除草作用。
萘吡喃酮(naphthopyranone)安全剂诸如萘二甲酐和式(I)的吡啶羧酸类除草剂的混合物显示了在小麦(Triticum aestivum L;TRZAS)和大麦(Hordeumvulgare L;HORVS)中对式(I)的吡啶羧酸类除草剂的植物毒性的意料不到的安全性作用而不降低对杂草诸如草丛(Galium aparine L;GALAP)、紫色死亡荨麻(Lamium purpureum L;LAMPU)、玉米罂粟(Papaver rhoeas L;PAPRH)、地肤属(Kochia scopaina L;KCHSC)、野生三色紫罗兰(Viola tricolor L;VIOTR)的除草作用。
还意料不到地发现式(I)的吡啶羧酸类除草剂和苯基脲除草剂诸如香草隆的混合物显示了在小麦(Triticum aestivum L;TRZAS)、硬粒小麦(Triticumdurum L;TRZDU)和大麦(Hordeum vulgare L;HORVS)中对式(I)的吡啶羧酸类除草剂的植物毒性的令人惊奇的安全性作用而不降低对杂草诸如紫色死亡荨麻(Lamium purpureum L;LAMPU)、玉米罂粟(Papaver rhoeas L;PAPRH)的除草作用。
还惊奇地发现式(I)的吡啶羧酸类除草剂和EPSP(5-烯醇丙酮莽草酸-3-磷酸)合成酶抑制剂除草剂诸如草甘膦的混合物显示了在小麦(Triticumaestivum L;TRZAS)和大麦(Hordeum vulgare L;HORVS)中对植物毒性的意料不到的安全性作用。
式I的吡啶羧酸类为具有除草活性的一类新化合物。多种吡啶羧酸类化合物在美国专利7,314,849中有述,包括4-氨基-3-氯-6-(4-氯-2-氟-3-甲氧基苯基)吡啶-2-羧酸(化合物1)和4-氨基-3-氯-6-(2,4-二氯-3-甲氧基苯基)-吡啶-2-羧酸(化合物2)。式(I)的吡啶羧酸类在小麦和大麦中控制一年生窄叶杂草和阔叶杂草,但也在商业除草剂量时对小麦和大麦具有植物毒性。
AD67(MON 4660)为4-(二氯乙酰基)-1-氧杂-4-氮杂螺[4,5]癸烷的通用名。其安全性活性在The Pesticide Manual,Thirteenth Edition,2003中有述。AD67(MON 4660)在玉米中用作安全剂。
解草嗪为(±)-4-(二氯乙酰基)-3,4-二氢-3-甲基-2H-1,4-苯并噁嗪的通用名。其安全性活性在The Pesticide Manual,Fourteenth Edition,2006中有述。解草嗪在玉米中用作安全剂。
2-CBSU为N-(氨基羰基)-2-氯苯磺酰胺的通用名。其安全性活性在Modern Crop Protection Compounds,2007中有述。2-CBSU已经显示在玉米中用作除草损害的安全剂。
香草隆为N-(4-甲基苯基)-N’-(1-甲基-1-苯基乙基)脲的通用名。其除草活性在The Pesticide Manual,Fourteenth Edistion,2006中有述。香草隆在水稻中用作莎草科杂草和一年生窄叶杂草的选择性除草剂。
烯丙酰草胺为N,N-二烯丙基-2,2-二氯乙酰胺的通用名。其安全性活性在The Pesticide Manual,Fourteenth Edition,2006中有述。烯丙酰草胺用作玉米和高粱的安全剂。
Dicyclonon(BAS 145138H)为(RS)-1-二氯乙酰基-3,3,8a-三甲基全氢化吡咯并[1,2]嘧啶-6-酮的通用名。其安全性活性在Pesticide Biochemistry andPhysiology 1992,42,128-139中有述。Dicyclonon(BAS 145138H)用作玉米的安全剂。
解草唑为1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-(三氯甲基)-1H-1,2,4-三唑-3-羧酸的通用名。其安全性活性在The Pesticide Manual,Fourteenth Edition,2006中有述。解草唑在小麦(wheat)、黑麦(rye)和黑小麦(triticale)中用作安全剂。
解草啶为4,6-二氯-2-苯基嘧啶的通用名。其安全性活性在The PesticideManual,Fourteenth Edition,2006中有述。解草啶在直接播种的稻中用作安全剂。
氟草肟为1-(4-氯苯基)-2,2,2-三氟乙酮O-(1,3-二氧杂环戊-2-基甲基)肟的通用名。其安全性活性在The Pesticide Manual,Fourteenth Edition,2006中有述。氟草肟在高粱中用作安全剂。
解草呋(MON 13900)为3-(二氯乙酰基)-5-(2-呋喃基)-2,2-二甲基噁唑烷的通用名。其安全性活性在The Pesticide Manual,Fourteenth Edition,2006中有述。解草呋(MON 13900)在玉米中用作安全剂。
双苯唑酸乙酯为4,5-二氢-5,5-二苯基-3-异噁唑羧酸乙酯的通用名。其安全性活性在The Pesticide Manual,Fourteenth Edition,2006中有述。双苯唑酸乙酯在玉米中用作安全剂。
草甘膦为N-(膦酰基甲基)甘氨酸的通用名。其除草活性在The PesticideManual,Fourteenth Edition,2006中有述。草甘膦控制宽范围的一年生和多年生阔叶和窄叶杂草。
吡唑解草酯为1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-4,5-二氢-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3,5-二羧酸的通用名。其安全性活性在The Pesticide Manual,Fourteenth Edition,2006中有述。吡唑解草酯在小麦、黑麦、黑小麦和大麦中用作安全剂。
萘二甲酐为1H,3H-萘并[1,8-cd]吡喃-1,3-二酮的通用名。其安全性活性在The Pesticide Manual,Eighth Edition,1987中有述。萘二甲酐在玉米和高粱中用作安全剂。
解草腈为α-[(1,3-二氧杂环戊-2-基)甲氧基亚氨基]苯-乙腈的通用名。其安全性活性在The Pesticide Manual,Fourteenth Edition,2006中有述。解草腈在高粱中用作安全剂。
本申请使用的术语“除草剂”表示杀死、控制植物或不利地改变植物生长的活性成分。除草有效量(herbicidally effctive amount)或植被控制量(vegetation controlling amount)是引起不利改变作用并包括背离自然发育、杀死、调节、脱水(desiccation)、延迟等作用的活性成分的量。术语“植物(plant)”和“植被(vegetation)”包括发芽的种子(germinant seed)、发芽苗(emergingseedling)和已长成的植被(established vegetation)。本申请使用的术语“安全剂”是指选择性保护农作物免受除草剂损害而没有显著性降低对靶标杂草类活性的化合物。
当将化合物在植物的任何生长阶段或种植或发芽前经叶、土壤或水直接施用至植物或植物所在地时,所述化合物显示出除草活性。所观测的作用取决于待控制的植物物种、植物的生长阶段、稀释的施用参数和喷雾液滴大小(spray drop size)、固体组分的粒度、使用时的环境条件、所采用的具体化合物、所采用的具体辅料和载体、土壤类型等等,以及所采用的化学药品的量。本领域已知的是,可对这些和其它因素进行调整,以促进非选择性或选择性除草作用。一般而言,优选的是将本发明组合物芽后施用至相对未成熟的不期望的植被,从而实现对杂草的最大控制。
当使用有效剂量的除草剂时,待保护免受不期望的植物生长的不良作用的栽培植物可在一定程度上受到损害。“安全性”是指对栽培植物预防除草剂的不良作用,即保护栽培植物而同时没有显著影响对需要除去的杂草的除草作用。
在本发明的组合物中,所述安全剂与式(I)的吡啶羧酸类的重量比(在该比时,对栽培植物的除草作用是安全的)在16∶1和1∶32之间的范围内。优选地,所述安全剂与式(I)的吡啶羧酸类的重量比(在该比时,对栽培植物的除草作用是安全的)在4∶1和1∶8之间的范围内。
安全性组合物的施用率将取决于待控制的具体类型的杂草、需要控制的程度以及施用时间和方法。一般而言,本发明的组合物可在每公顷4克(g/ha)和1200g/ha之间的适当比率施用,其基于在组合物中的式(I)的吡啶羧酸类和安全剂的总量。
本发明的式(I)的吡啶羧酸类和安全剂可分开施用或作为多部分除草系统的部分一起施用。
本发明的除草剂-安全剂混合物可结合有一种或多种其它的除草剂来施用,以控制更宽泛种类的不期望的植被。当与其它除草剂一起使用时,可将所述组合物与其它一种或多种除草剂配制,与其它一种或多种除草剂罐混(tank mix)或与其它一种或多种除草剂先后施用。可与本发明的安全性组合物一起施用的一些除草剂包括:2,4-D酯和胺、刈草胺(acetochlor)、三氟羧草醚(acifluorfen)、苯草醚(aclonifen)、AE0172747、草不绿(alachlor)、aminocyclopyrachlor、磺氨磺隆(amidosulfuron)、氨基三唑(aminotriazole)、硫代氰酸铵(ammonium thiocyanate)、anilifos、莠去津(atrazine)、AVH 301、四唑磺隆(azimsulfuron)、呋草磺(benfuresate)、苄嘧磺隆-甲基(bensulfuron-methyl)、噻草平(bentazone)、杀草丹(benthiocarb)、苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)、治草醚(bifenox)、双嘧苯甲酸钠(bispyribac-sodium)、除草定(bromacil)、溴苯腈(bromoxynil)、丁草胺(butachlor)、氟丙嘧草酯(butafenacil)、地乐胺(butralin)、唑草胺(cafenstrole)、长杀草(carbetamide)、氟酮唑草乙酯(carfentrazone-ethyl)、氯甲丹(chlorflurenol)、氯嘧磺隆(chlorimuron)、氯苯胺灵(chlorpropham)、醚磺隆(cinosulfuron)、烯草酮(clethodim)、异噁草酮(clomazone)、二氯吡啶酸(clopyralid)、唑嘧磺胺盐-甲基(cloransulam-methyl)、环丙磺隆(cyclosulfamuron)、噻草酮(cycloxydim)、氰氟草酯-丁基(cyhalofop-butyl)、麦草畏(dicamba)、敌草腈(dichlobenil)、精2,4-滴丙酸(dichlorprop-P)、唑嘧磺胺(diclosulam)、吡氟酰草胺(diflufenican)、二氟吡隆(diflufenzopyr)、二甲吩草胺(dimethenamid)、二甲吩草胺(dimethenamid-p)、敌草快(diquat)、氟硫草定(dithiopyr)、敌草隆(diuron)、EK2612、EPTC、禾草畏(esprocarb)、ET-751、乙氧嘧磺隆(ethoxysulfuron)、ethbenzanid、F7967、噁唑禾草灵(fenoxaprop)、高噁唑禾草灵-乙基(fenoxaprop-ethyl)、四唑草胺(fentrazamide)、啶嘧磺隆(flazasulfuron)、双氟磺草胺(florasulam)、吡氟禾草灵(fluazfop)、精吡氟禾草灵-丁基(fluazifop-P-butyl)、氟吡磺隆(flucetosulfuron)、氟噻草胺(flufenacet)、氟哒嗪草酯-乙基(flufenpyr-ethyl)、氟唑啶草(flumetsulam)、氟烯草酸-戊基(flumiclorac-pentyl)、丙炔氟草胺(flumioxazin)、伏草隆(fluometuron)、氟啶磺隆(flupyrsulfuron)、氟草烟(fluroxypyr)、氟磺胺草醚(fomesafen)、甲酰胺磺隆(foramsulfuron)、fumiclorac、草铵膦(glufosinate)、草铵膦-铵(glufosinate-ammonium)、草甘膦、吡氯磺隆(halosulfuron)、氟吡禾灵-甲基(haloxyfop-methyl)、氟吡禾灵-R(haloxyfop-R)、咪草酯(imazamethabenz)、咪草啶酸(imazamox)、甲咪唑烟酸(imazapic)、灭草烟(imazapyr)、灭草喹(imazaquin)、咪草烟(imazethapyr)、啶咪磺隆(imazosulfuron)、茚草酮(indanofan)、碘磺隆(iodosulfuron)、碘苯腈(ioxynil)、IR 5790、异丙隆(isoproturon)、异噁酰草胺(isoxaben)、异噁氟草酮(isoxaflutole)、KUH-021、乳氟禾草灵(lactofen)、利谷隆(linuron)、MCPA、MCPA酯和胺、精2甲4氯丙酸(mecoprop-P)、苯噻酰草胺(mefenacet)、甲基二磺隆(mesosulfuron)、甲基磺草酮(mesotrione)、噁唑酰草胺(metamifop)、异丙甲草胺(metolachlor)、唑草磺胺(metosulam)、嗪草酮(metribuzin)、甲磺隆(metsulfuron)、草达灭(molinate)、MSMA、敌草胺(napropamide)、烟嘧磺隆(nicosulfuron)、达草灭(norflurazon)、OK-9701、orthosulfamuron、黄草消(oryzalin)、炔丙噁唑草(oxadiargyl)、噁草灵(oxadiazon)、oxazichlomefone、乙氧氟草醚(oxyfluorfen)、百草枯(paraquat)、胺硝草(pendimethalin)、五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)、戊噁唑草(pentoxazone)、烯草胺(pethoxamid)、氨氯吡啶酸(picloram)、氟吡酰草胺(picolinafen)、哌草磷(piperophos)、丙草胺(pretilachlor)、环苯草酮(profoxydim)、毒草安(propachlor)、敌稗(propanil)、炔苯酰草胺(propyzamide)、苄草丹(prosulfocarb)、氟丙磺隆(prosulfuron)、双唑草腈(pyraclonil)、pyrasulfotole、pyrazogyl、吡嘧磺隆(pyrazosulfuron)、嘧苯草肟(pyribenzoxim)、环酯草醚(pyriftalid)、肟啶草-甲基(pyriminobac-methyl)、氟嘧磺隆(primisulfuron)、pyroxsulam、二氯喹啉酸(quinclorac)、喹禾灵-乙基-D(quizalofop-ethyl-D)、S-3252、saflufenacil、稀禾定(sethoxydim)、西玛津(simazine)、SL-0401、SL-0402、s-异丙甲草胺(s-metolachlor)、磺草酮(sulcotrione)、磺胺草唑(sulfentrazone)、sulfosate、丁唑隆(tebuthiuron)、特草定(terbacil)、TH-547、噻草啶(thiazopyr)、禾草丹(thiobencarb)、绿草定(triclopyr)、绿草定酯和胺、氟乐灵(trifluralin)和三氟甲磺隆(tritosulfuron)。
可进一步将本发明的安全性组合物与草甘膦、草铵膦(glufosinate)、麦草畏(dicamba)、咪唑啉酮类(imidazolinones)或2,4-D一起使用在耐草甘膦(glyphosate-tolerant)、耐草铵膦(glufosinate-tolerant)、耐麦草畏(dicamba-tolerant)、耐咪唑啉酮类(imidazolinone-tolerant)或耐2,4-滴(2,4-D-tolerant)的作物上。通常优选的是将本发明的除草剂-安全剂混合物与除草剂组合使用,所述除草剂以所用的施用率使用时对待处置的作物具有选择性,并且对这些化合物控制的杂草的谱进行了补充。通常还优选的是同时应用本发明的安全性组合物和其它互补性除草剂,无论是作为组合制剂还是作为罐内混合物。
在实践中,优选在含有除草有效量的除草组分和至少一种农用辅料或载体的混合物中使用本发明的安全性组合物(saftened composition)。合适的辅料或载体不应对有价值的作物有植物毒性,特别是施用组合物时所用的浓度是为了在存在作物时进行选择性杂草控制,且不应与除草组分或其它组合物成分发生化学反应。这些混合物可以设计直接施用于杂草或它们的所在地,或可为通常在施用前以其它载体和辅料稀释的浓缩物(concentrate)或制剂。它们可以是固体,例如粉剂、颗粒剂、水分散颗粒剂或可湿性粉剂,或液体,例如乳油(emulsifiable concentrate)、溶液、乳液或混悬液。
用于制备本发明的除草混合物的合适农用辅料和载体是本领域技术人员熟知的。这些辅料中的一些包括但不限于作物油浓缩物(矿物油(85%)+乳化剂(15%));乙氧基化壬基苯酚;苄基可可烷基二甲基季铵盐;石油烃、烷基酯、有机酸和阴离子表面活性剂的共混物;C9-C11烷基多聚糖苷;磷酸化醇乙氧基化物;天然伯醇(C12-C16)乙氧基化物;二仲丁基苯酚EO-PO嵌段共聚物;聚硅氧烷-甲基CAP;乙氧基化壬基苯酚+脲硝酸铵;乳化甲基化种子油;十三醇(合成)乙氧基化物(8EO);动物脂胺乙氧基化物(15EO);PEG(400)二油酸酯-99。
可采用的液体载体包括水、甲苯、二甲苯、石油精(petroleum naphtha)、作物油(crop oil)、丙酮、甲基乙基甲酮、环己酮、三氯乙烯、四氯乙烯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸戊酯、乙酸丁酯、丙二醇单甲醚和二甘醇单甲醚、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、戊醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、甘油、N-甲基吡咯烷-2-酮、N,N-二甲基烷基酰胺、二甲基亚砜、液体肥料等。水通常是稀释浓缩物所选择的载体。
合适的固体载体包括滑石、叶蜡石(pyrophyllite clay)、硅石、活性白土(attapulgus clay)、高岭土、硅藻土(kieselguhr)、白垩(chalk)、硅藻土(diatomaceousearth)、石灰、碳酸钙、膨润土、漂白土(Fuller′s earth)、棉子壳(cotton seed hull)、小麦粉、豆粉、浮石(pumice)、木粉、胡桃壳粉(walnut shell flour)、木质素等。
通常期望的是将一种或多种表面活性剂引入本发明的组合物中。所述表面活性剂有益地以固体和液体组合物使用,尤其是设计成在施用前用载体稀释的组合物形式使用。表面活性剂的性质可以是阴离子的、阳离子的或非离子的并可用作乳化剂、润湿剂、助悬剂或用于其它目的。通常在制剂领域中使用的且也可在本制剂中使用的表面活性剂特别地在“McCutcheon’sDetergents and Emulsifiers Annual,”MC Publishing Corp.,Ridgewood,NewJersey,1998and in“Encyclopedia of Surfactants,”Vol.I-III,Chemical PublishingCo.,New York,198-801中有述。典型的表面活性剂包括烷基硫酸盐,如二乙醇-月桂基硫酸铵;烷基芳基磺酸盐,如十二烷基苯磺酸钙;烷基酚-烯化氧加成产物,如壬基酚-C18乙氧基化物;醇-烯化氧加成产物,如十三烷基醇-C16乙氧基化物;皂,如硬脂酸钠;烷基萘-磺酸盐,如二丁基萘磺酸钠;磺化琥珀酸盐的二烷基酯,如二(2-乙基己基)磺化琥珀酸钠;山梨糖醇酯,如山梨糖醇油酸酯;季铵,如月桂基甲基-氯化铵;脂肪酸的聚乙二醇酯,如聚乙二醇硬脂酸酯;环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷的嵌段共聚物;磷酸单烷基酯的盐和磷酸二烷基酯的盐;植物油,如大豆油、菜籽油、橄榄油、蓖麻油、葵花子油、椰子油、玉米油、棉籽油、亚麻子油、棕榈油、花生油、红花油、麻油、桐油等;以及上述植物油的酯。
常用于农业组合物的其它辅料包括相容剂(compatibility agent)、消泡剂、掩蔽剂(sequestering agent)、中和剂和缓冲剂、缓蚀剂(corrosion inhibitor)、染料、芳香剂(odorant)、铺展剂(spreading agent)、渗透助剂、粘着剂、分散剂、增稠剂、防冻剂(freezing point depressant)、抗微生物剂等。所述组合物也可含有其它相容性组分,例如其它除草剂、植物生长调节剂、杀真菌剂、杀虫剂等,并可与液体肥料或固体颗粒肥料载体如硝酸铵、尿素等一起配制。
本发明的除草剂-安全剂混合物中活性成分的浓度通常为0.001至98wt%(重量百分数)。通常采用0.01至90wt%的浓度。在设计用作浓缩物的组合物中,活性成分通常以5至98wt%,优选10至90wt%的浓度存在。在施用前所述组合物通常用惰性载体(如水)稀释。通常施用至杂草或杂草所在地的稀释的组合物一般含有0.0001至1wt%活性成分,并优选含有0.001至0.05wt%活性成分。
可通过使用常规地面或空气撒粉器、喷雾器和颗粒施用器或灌溉用水以及本领域技术人员已知的其它常规方式将本发明组合物施用至杂草或其所在地。
下述实施例示例说明了本发明。
在谷类作物中芽后除草安全性的评价
在表面积为103.2平方厘米(cm2)的塑料盆中将所需测试植物种的种子种植在Sun Gro306种植混合物中,所述种植混合物通常具有6.0至6.8的pH和30%的有机物含量。当要求保证发芽良好和植物健康时,采用杀真菌处理和/或其它化学或物理处理。植物在具有约14小时的光周期的温室中生长7-36天,所述温室在白天保持在18℃且在夜间保持在17℃。规律地加入营养素和水,必要时由顶置金属卤化物1000瓦的灯提供补充照明。当植物达到第二或第三真叶阶段(true leaf stage)时,将它们用于测试。
将称重量的4-氨基-3-氯-6-(4-氯-2-氟-3-甲氧基苯基)吡啶-2-羧酸(化合物1)的酯(甲酯)或盐(TEA盐[三乙基铵盐]、K盐[钾]盐)在丙酮/二甲基亚砜(DMSO)(97∶3的体积比(v/v))中溶解,得到储备溶液。如果测试化合物不能容易地溶解,则对混合物进行温热和/或超声处理。将浓缩的储备溶液用1.5%v/v的Agri-dex作物油浓缩物的含水混合物稀释,以得到适当的施用比。化合物要求基于12mL施用体积,施用率为每公顷187升(L/ha)。安全剂的储备溶液按照相同方法制备。安全剂和测试化合物混合物的喷雾溶液通过将储备溶液加入至适量的稀释溶液中形成具有活性成分的双向(two-way)组合的12mL喷雾溶液来制备。使用顶置的配备8002E喷嘴的Mandel履带式喷雾器(tracksprayer)将配制的化合物施用至植物材料,将所述履带式喷雾器校准为在0.503平方米(m2)的施用面积上递送187L/ha,喷洒高度为平均植物株冠高度上方18英寸(43厘米(em))。对照植物以相同的方式喷洒空白溶剂(solventblank)。
处理过的植物和对照植物如上所述置于温室中,并用地下灌溉方式浇水免受洗掉测试化合物。20-22天后,视觉上确定测试植物的状况,并与未经处理的植物的状况比较,以0至100%的等级评分,其中0相当于没有损伤,100相当于完全杀死。
Colby等式用于确定混合物的期望的除草作用(Colby,S.R.Calculation ofthe synergistic and antagonistic response of除草剂combinations.Weeds 1967,15,20-22.)。
下述等式用于计算含有两种活性成分A和B的混合物的期望活性:
期望值=A+B-(AxB/100)
A=活性成分A以与混合物中相同浓度使用时所观察的功效
B=活性成分B以与混合物中相同浓度使用时所观察的功效
一些测试化合物、所用的施用率、测试的植物种以及结果在表1至表22中给出。
表1.除草组合物对小麦和大麦的安全性活性
表2.除草组合物对小麦和大麦的安全性活性
表3.除草组合物对小麦和大麦的安全性活性
表4.除草组合物对小麦和大麦的安全性活性
表5.除草组合物对小麦和大麦的安全性活性
表6.除草组合物对小麦和大麦的安全性活性
表7.除草组合物对小麦和大麦的安全性活性
表8.除草组合物对小麦和大麦的安全性活性
表9.除草组合物对小麦和大麦的安全性活性
表10.除草组合物对小麦和大麦的安全性活性
表11.除草组合物对小麦和大麦的安全性活性
表12.除草组合物对小麦和大麦的安全性活性
表13.除草组合物对小麦和大麦的安全性活性
表14.除草组合物对小麦和大麦的安全性活性
表15.除草组合物对小麦和大麦的安全性活性
表16.除草组合物对小麦和大麦的安全性活性
表17.除草组合物对小麦和大麦的安全性活性
表18.除草组合物对小麦和大麦的安全性活性
表19.除草组合物对小麦和大麦的安全性活性
表20.除草组合物对小麦和大麦的安全性活性
表21.除草组合物对小麦和大麦的安全性活性
表22.除草组合物对小麦和大麦的安全性活性
TRZAS=小麦(Triticum aestivum)(春小麦(spring wheat))
PAPRH=罂粟(Papaver rhoeas)(玉米罂粟(corn poppy))
HORVS=大麦(Hordeum vulgare)(春大麦(spring barley))
POLCO=蓼属(Polygonum convolvulus)(金荞麦(wild buckwheat))
GALAP=Galiumaparine(草丛(cleavers))
SASKR=猪毛菜(Salsola iberica)(俄国大蓟(Russian thistle))
KCHSC=Kochia scoparia(地肤属(kochia))
STEME=繁缕属(Stellaria media)(常见繁缕(common chickweed))
LAMPU=Lamium purpureum(紫色死亡荨麻(purple dead nettle))
VERPE=婆婆纳属(Veronica persica)(鸟类眼部威灵仙属(bird’s-eye speedwell))
MATCH=甘菊(Matricaria chamomila)(香气小白菊(scented mayweed))
VIOTR=三色堇(Viola tricolor)(野生三色紫罗兰(wild pansy))
Ob=观测值
Ex=期望值
g/ha=克/公顷
除草剂∶安全剂比例=除草剂与安全剂的比例
Claims (4)
2.权利要求1的组合物,其中所述6-(三取代的苯基)-4-氨基-吡啶-2-羧酸类除草剂为4-氨基-3-氯-6-(4-氯-2-氟-3-甲氧基苯基)-吡啶-2-羧酸衍生物或4-氨基-3-氯-6-(2,4-二氯-3-甲氧基-苯基)-吡啶-2-羧酸衍生物。
3.权利要求1的组合物,其中所述安全剂与6-(三取代的苯基)-4-氨基-吡啶-2-羧酸类除草剂的重量比在16∶1和1∶32之间。
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DE19853827A1 (de) * | 1998-11-21 | 2000-05-25 | Aventis Cropscience Gmbh | Kombinationen aus Herbiziden und Safenern |
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UA105907C2 (uk) | 2008-11-24 | 2014-07-10 | ДАУ АГРОСАЙЄНСІЗ ЕлЕлСі | Захисна композиція з 6-(тризаміщених феніл)-4-аміно-2-піридинкарбоксилатних гербіцидів і клоквінтоцету для злакових культур |
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EP2191719A1 (de) | 2008-11-29 | 2010-06-02 | Bayer CropScience AG | Herbizid-Safener-Kombination |
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