CN102325129A - Self-defined protocol decoding technique for measurement and analysis instrument - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of measurement and analysis in an embedded system, particularly relates to a self-defined protocol decoding technique for a measurement and analysis instrument and aims at realizing the goal that a user can self-define and design protocols in any format to decode and analyze data acquired by the measurement and analysis instrument according to the needs. A protocol editor enables the user to define the frame packet format of the protocols by dragging controls and to freely customize the format of the protocols to conduct decoding, the operation is more flexible and convenient and therefore the problems that confidential protocols and nonstandard protocols cannot be decoded can be solved. Compared with the traditional protocol decoding method, the decoding analysis technique provided in the invention has the advantages that the technique is more modularized; and since data reading is separated from decoding to built an independent data reading module and an independent universal decoding module, the streamline operation and the concurrent processing are realized conveniently and the decoding analysis speed is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Measurement and analysis field in the embedded system, a kind of protocol-decoding analytical technology that is embedded in the measurement and analysis instrument of more specifically saying so.
Background technology
No matter measurement and analysis instrument is digital signal or analog signal mainly to bus signals, carries out the quantised samples storage, analyzes demonstration to gathering the data of returning then.In general, include a plurality of plug-in units (protocal analysis plug-in unit) in the measurement and analysis instrument, be used for gathering the signal return the to quantize analysis of decoding.But the problem that can not decode along with continuous increase and some user cipher device agreements of agreement constantly highlights, and therefore designs the customized adopted agreement of a kind of user and necessary according to the model of custom protocol decoding.The user can decode according to self-defining agreement according to the own design agreement of demand then, draws decoded results, and decoded result output shows the most at last.
Existing measurement and analysis instrument except the fundamental analysis function, all is to use the protocal analysis plug-in unit to analyze gathering the data of returning, and a plug-in unit can only be analyzed a kind of or a quasi-protocol.The user uses the measurement and analysis instrument image data; Select corresponding insert to analyze then to gathering the data of returning; The data of analyzing for needs like this; The user can only use the existing plug-in unit of measurement and analysis instrument to analyze, and agreement that can not self-defined required form resolves, and makes that user's use is limited.
Can design the model that a kind of user can custom protocol and decoded and analyze.As shown in Figure 1, the user can custom protocol, and the data that the measurement and analysis instrument collection is returned are decoded according to the form of custom protocol, obtains decoded result, and decoded result output shows the most at last, accomplishes the decoding analysis of data.When the user need use certain rule to decode to gathering the data of returning, just can use the flow process of this model, accomplish the decoding analysis operation, the output decoder result.As shown in Figure 2, compare with the existing model of analyzing through concrete plug-in unit decoding, though the surface seems that this decoding model is complicated; But it has more flexibility, unlike existing plug-in unit decoding analysis mode, can only select prior protocols to analyze plug-in unit to the data analysis of decoding; This model makes the user oneself to define the agreement of arbitrary format and analyzes; Have more versatility, can analyze the more agreement of multi-format, give the user more spaces of freely bringing into play; And existing plug-in unit decoding analysis mode can only be carried out serial operation; Decoding speed is very limited, and the custom protocol decoding technique can realize decoding pile line operation with the procedure moduleization of protocal analysis, improves the decoding analysis speed of data.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a custom protocol decoding technique that is used for measurement and analysis instrument, and described measurement and analysis instrument comprises that logic analyzer, oscilloscope and other comprise the instrument of protocol analyzing function.Adopt this technology model user can custom protocol; The basic sequential of design agreement and frame packet format thereof; Then design result is exported as a configuration file, through this configuration file is resolved, the data that the measurement and analysis instrument collection is returned finally are converted into the data of agreement prescribed form; At last decoded result output is shown, accomplish the decoding analytic process of whole data.
Fig. 1 has described the overall workflow of custom protocol decoding.This workflow mainly comprises six parts: data (1), custom protocol module (2), the decoding parametric that measurement and analysis instrument is gathered is provided with module (3), read data module (4), general decoding module (5) and decoded result output display module (6).
Like the part in the empty frame among Fig. 1 is the core of whole custom protocol decoding technique, also is the major part that protocol-decoding is analyzed.Custom protocol module (2) is an independently application program module, and the user designs the detailed frame packet format of own required agreement and the details of each frame in this module, and generates the protocol configuration file (22) of describing this protocol format.Decoding parametric is provided with the protocol configuration file (22) that module (3) produces according to the custom protocol module detail parameters that needs in the data decode process further is set, and offers the use of read data module (4) and general decoding module (5).Read data module (4) is provided with the information of module (3) according to decoding parametric, from the data (1) that measurement and analysis instrument is gathered, resolves the data acquisition system that obtains general decoding module (5) needs.General decoding module (5) is to combine decoding parametric that the setting of module (3) is set according to the protocol configuration file (22) that custom protocol module (2) produces, and the data acquisition system that read data module (4) is obtained is converted into the data of agreement prescribed form, obtains decoded result.Decoded result output display module (6) is that the decoded result output that general decoding module (5) obtains is presented in the view.
As shown in Figure 3, be the flow chart of custom protocol module (2).This module is a standalone module, does not have communication interaction with the main frame decoded portion, just the destination file that produces is offered the main frame decoded portion and uses.The user only needs the indication design custom protocol according to agreement editing machine (21), derives and generates protocol configuration file (22).Agreement editing machine (21) is the view window that the user designs custom protocol; At first the user need be provided with some essential informations of own required use agreement in editing machine; The input/output variable type of agreement for example; The information such as variable that need use in the protocol frame, concrete method to set up is carried out according to the view indication of agreement editing machine (21).Different according to the form of frame, frame is divided into several types, be respectively the frame, combined frames, control frame of frame, the unknown data of frame, the fixed data of special format etc.; In agreement editing machine (21), the control of above-mentioned several kinds of format frame is provided equally, the user is according to the agreement of oneself; In agreement editing machine (21), pass through the above-mentioned control of mouse drag; The frame packet format of design agreement, and the attribute information of each frame is set respectively in dragging with the process of frame control, the attribute information of dissimilar frames is different.For example; The frame of special format need be provided with concrete frame variable, and the frame of fixed data need be provided with bit number and concrete data value, and the frame of unknown data need be provided with the bit number that comprises equally; Respectively each frame is provided with in the combined frames, control frame need be provided with the number of concrete branch.After design was accomplished, the above-mentioned information set according to the user generated protocol configuration file (22), offered the main frame decoded portion and used.
As shown in Figure 4, for decoding parametric is provided with module (3) flow chart.This module is divided into three parts: univers parameter setting (31), read data parameter are provided with (32), the general decoding parameter is provided with (33).At first in univers parameter setting (31), the protocol configuration file (22) that custom protocol module (2) produces is bound with the main frame decoded portion, so that in the process that decoding parametric is set in detail, obtain the information such as Frame Properties of agreement.Be detailed parameter setting then, comprise that the read data parameter is provided with (32) and general decoding parameter setting (33), be respectively read data module (4) and general decoding module (5) provides parameter.In these two parts, still be to adopt user's mode of dragging freely to customize decoding process with control, comprise that mainly primary data information (pdi) setting, read data mode are provided with, the custom protocol parameter is provided with three parts.Introduce the flow process that is provided with of each link below in detail:
1, primary data information (pdi) setting.At first in view, select the initial data control, its details are set, comprise under the simultaneous situation of corresponding relation, especially multiple bus between each bar bus, original bus signals is corresponding one by one with the use in the decoding.
2, the read data mode is provided with.Basic sequential according to agreement is different, with the mode of read data be divided into the read data mode of band CLK clock signal, according to baud rate read data mode, according to high-low level pulse duty cycle read data mode, UART read data mode, IIC read data mode or the like.We provide the control of above-mentioned read data mode; Offering the user selects; The user pulls the control of the read data mode of institute's use agreement in the view into; Linking to each other with initial data, is exactly this to be set read the concrete parameter of mode then, and for example with the read data mode of CLK clock signal need be set the concrete sampling time is rising edge, trailing edge, edge or high level, low level.According to different read data modes, need the concrete parameter of setting also inequality.
3, the custom protocol parameter is provided with.This piece is the parameter setting that needs the agreement of use, links to each other with the read data mode.The user need be arranged on custom protocol module (2) Frame Properties in this piece does not have part that is provided with and the dynamic parameter part that is set to the UNKNOWN TYPE data in being provided with.In this module, read data mode part also need be carried out specific definition to employed variable in the custom protocol simultaneously, the seamless link of input and output before and after guaranteeing.
At decoding parametric part is set in detail; Connection between each link must be seamless link; The data that promptly go up link generation must be that the input of next link is required, otherwise intermediate demand adds filter course, as the linking of centre; Accomplish the seamless link of various piece at last, in the middle of read data and decoding, just accomplished independence like this with agreement.
Read data module (4) as shown in Figure 1 is the set that initial data is converted into the required variable of agreement.At first obtain the information that is provided with that decoding parametric is provided with read data parameter setting (32) part in the module (3); Comprise bus setting, read data mode, variable-definition etc.; The data of measurement and analysis instrument collection are begun to read according to the mode that reads that is provided with from data; Be converted into the set of the variable that defines in the agreement, offer general decoding module (5) then and use.
General decoding module (5) as shown in Figure 1.It is the core of decoded portion; Be a general decoder module of institute's protocols having, this module begins to read the type and the Frame Properties information stores of frame according to the frame packet format in the protocol configuration file (22) of custom protocol module (2) generation from packet header; Obtain describing the data message of whole agreement; Begin to handle from the start frame of bag,, constantly ask and obtain data from read data module (4) according to the information such as bit number of frame; In conjunction with decoding parametric general decoding parameter setting (33) parameter setting partly in the module (3) is set, the data conversion that read data module (4) is obtained is the data of the form of agreement regulation.Constantly ask and obtain data in this manner, promptly accomplished the decoding work of a bag up to the ending that arrives a bag from read data module (4).Restart the information of analysis frame then from packet header; Data are asked and obtained to continuation from read data module (4), the decoding work of the next bag of beginning, and the rest may be inferred; Constantly circulation; The end of data up to read data module (4) is promptly accomplished the decoding work of the data of whole measurement and analysis instrument collection, obtains decoded result.
Decoded result output display module (6) as shown in Figure 1 is that the decoded result that general decoding module (5) obtains is shown.Concrete display mode; Protocol configuration file (22) decision that is produced by custom protocol module (2) shows according to information such as the display mode of frame bag in the protocol configuration file (22), title, color and the data that combine general decoding module (5) to obtain to output in the view of measurement and analysis instrument.
Custom protocol module provided by the invention (2); As long as there is certain rules property in data; The user just can be provided with the agreement of definition arbitrary frame packet format, can at last decoded result be shown gathering the data of returning according to the analysis of decoding of user-defined agreement this moment.Be provided with in the module (3) at decoding parametric, we provide several data reading methods, and promptly the basic sequential of agreement can constantly be added the confession user according to user's demand and selected.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 measurement and analysis instrument custom protocol decoding overall workflow figure
Fig. 2 measurement and analysis instrument custom protocol is decoded and is had plug-in unit decoding contrast now
Fig. 3 custom protocol module flow chart
Fig. 4 decoding parametric is provided with the module flow chart
Fig. 5 adopts the frame packet format of agreement editing machine designs C AN agreement
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, when the user need when decoding, just can use the custom protocol decoding technique to solve to the plug-in unit agreement (can be the agreement of the arbitrary format of confidentiality agreement or oneself definition) that existing measurement and analysis instrument does not comprise.Through self-defined this agreement of custom protocol module (2) and generate protocol configuration file (22); In general decoding module (5), load this configuration file; In conjunction with decoding parametric the data that obtain in parameter that module (3) is provided with and the read data module (4) are set, carry out decode operation.
Be the embodiment that example is explained the custom protocol decoding technique with the CAN agreement below.
Execution mode: the data of the CAN agreement that the collection of use logic analyzer is returned, bus frequency is 500KHz, realizes the decoding of these data through the custom protocol decoding technique.
Step 1: in custom protocol module (2), the package form of the essential information and the designs C AN agreement of agreement is set.Essential information is provided with the variable that will use in the protocol frame has 0,1 two kind; Output type has SOF, Basic_ID, Ctrl, Extend_ID, DLC, Data etc.; And the details of various output types are set in detail, comprise display mode, title, Show Color etc.As shown in Figure 5 then, in agreement editing machine (21), use dissimilar frame controls to define CAN agreement (frame in the dissimilar wire frames is represented dissimilar frames).The specific definition step is following:
1, use the frame control of fixed data form, generate the start bit of SOF as the CAN agreement, and the attribute information of this frame is set, BitNum is 1, and value is 0, and output type is the SOF type of above-mentioned definition.
2, use the frame control of unknown data, generate Basic_ID, as the basic I D frame of CAN agreement, and the attribute information of this frame is set, BitNum is 11, and output type is the Basic_ID type of above-mentioned definition.
3, use the frame control of control frame type, generate control bit, as control bit among the CAN, and the attribute information of this control bit is set, BitNum is 1, and number of branches is 2, and output type is the Ctrl type of above-mentioned definition.Because branch is set to 2, be provided with after the completion, occur 2 branches automatically in the control bit back and link to each other with it, these two frames that branch all is the fixed data form continue to be provided with the attribute information of frame in these two branches.
The rest may be inferred, continue to accomplish control bit RTR, r0, r1,, the setting of frames such as DLC, data, CRC, EOF, the result so far accomplishes the design of frame packet format in the CAN agreement as shown in Figure 5.The user clicks [generation configuration file] button on agreement editing machine (21) interface then, has then generated the protocol configuration file (22) of CAN agreement.
In the process of above-mentioned designs C AN protocol frame packet format; Frame is a combined frames; The frame of forming by N 8 bit data frames; When Frame sets a property information, can include expression formula information, because be the length that the value of DLC frame has determined Frame, so the length place of Frame is set to DLC.value.Expression formula is handled in general decoding module (5).
Step 2: decoding parametric setting.The CAN protocol configuration file (22) that step 1 generates is bound with this piece; Get into the detailed process that decoding parametric is provided with module (3) then.
1. in view, place an initial data control, and the information of initial data is set, the bus name of input is called MyBus0.
2. in view, place and read the mode control, be set in this example according to the baud rate reading of data, the detail parameters baud rate value that the read data mode further is set is 500K, and data are not carried out inversion operation.
3. in view, place the custom protocol control, called after CAN, the name that output bus is set is called " Bus ", and display position is " above the MyBus0 bus ".
Because in the above-mentioned several links, the input of next link just is the output of a last link in the CAN agreement, the therefore middle filter course that do not need.So just accomplished the content that decoding parametric is provided with module (3).
Step 3: read data operation.Read data module (4) is started working.Initial data is read mode according to the baud rate that is provided with in 1,2 steps in the step 2, with the data conversion among the primary signal line MyBus0 be 0, the set of 1 two kind of variable.Promptly according to the Bit Transmission Rate of baud rate appointment, the high level in the primary signal is converted into variable 1, low level is converted into variable 0, with the data acquisition system storage that obtains, offers general decoding module (5) and uses at last.
Step 4: decode operation.The CAN protocol configuration file (22) that general decoding module (5) analyzing step 1 generates, the attribute that obtains frame packet format in the agreement and each frame is provided with information.Concrete decode operation is following:
1, the packet header from the CAN agreement begins to analyze; At first run into frame SOF, reading its BitNum is 1, then request 1 bit data from read data module (4); Because the SOF frame is the frame (value is 0) of fixed data;, then continue to ask backward till running into data 0 if not 0 from the data of read data module request, the information such as beginning concluding time of this frame are preserved.
2, begin to resolve next frame, run into " Basic_ID ", this frame is the frame of unknown data type, and BitNum is 11, from read data module (4), asks 11 bit data then, then with its preservation.
3, continue the parsing of next frame; The next frame that reads protocol frame format is a control bit, and its BitNum is 1, then request 1 bit data from read data module (4); Owing to be control bit; Therefore different commentaries on classics of data that obtains according to request goes different branches, and reading data at this place is 0, therefore changes and goes to 0 branch to continue reading of subsequent frame.
4, forward to after 0 branch; Continue the parsing of next frame, the next frame that reads protocol frame format is that IDE is the frame of fixed data, and BitNum is 1; Then from read data module (4), ask the one digit number certificate; Because IDE is that fixed data frames and value are 0, therefore if the data of acquisition request are not 0 commentaries on classics goes erroneous frame to handle, if 0 processing that continues next frame.
Continue to read the follow-up frame format of protocol configuration file (22) according to this pattern,, promptly accomplish the decode operation of a bag in the agreement up to the ending EOF that arrives bag.Judge then whether the variable collective data in the read data module (4) finishes,, then begin to repeat above-mentioned circulation from packet header of agreement again,, promptly accomplish the decode operation of whole data, obtain decoded result up to the ending of the bag that arrives agreement if do not finish.
Step 5: decoded result output shows.In decoded result output display module (6), from general decoding module (5), obtain the output type information of the frame of preservation; Comprise display mode, color, title etc.; The decoded result that combines general decoding module (5) to generate according to these drafting information then; Decoded result is plotted on the view, and the output name is called Bus, is presented at the top of primary signal line MyBus0 bus.Different drafting modes and color designation make the details of the open-and-shut understanding data of user, reach the purpose of analyzing and testing.
In the CAN agreement, also include the situation that fill the position; This situation designs in the frame packet format in custom protocol module (2); The attribute of each frame is provided with and has also comprised function setup in the information, mainly is to accomplish some action control and State Control, and position padding then is provided with middle appointment at the attribute of each frame; Then in the process of decoding; The variable information that from read data module (4), obtains also will pass through one deck and filter encapsulation, in the change of filter course according to state information, fills to move and handles whether carrying out position.So just accomplished position padding, can handle the control of some actions and the conversion of state according to this tupe, for example, occurred changeing and going fault processing under the wrong situation at each frame, where concrete the commentaries on classics is then controlled in this way.
Through the description of above execution mode, those skilled in the art can recognize clearly that the present invention can realize by the mode of software.Based on such understanding; Technical scheme of the present invention has been made the part of contributing to prior art in other words and can have been come out with the embodied of software product; This product belongs to a plug-in unit of measurement and analysis instrument, all can carry out the said method of the embodiment of the invention for the decoding of any agreement.
What should explain at last is: for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also do the present invention and improve and optimization, these improvement and optimization also should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. custom protocol decoding technique that is used for measurement and analysis instrument; It is characterized in that: the data (1), custom protocol module (2), the decoding parametric that comprise the measurement and analysis instrument collection are provided with module (3), read data module (4), general decoding module (5), decoded result output display module (6), and each module routine is:
The user is at custom protocol module (2) design custom protocol; The result who produces is offered decoding parametric module (3) and general decoding module (5) use are set; Decoding parametric is provided with the parameter that module (3) is provided with read data module (4) and the use of general decoding module (5) needs; The data (1) that read data module (4) is gathered measurement and analysis instrument are converted into the form that general decoding module (5) needs; The formats that the data that general decoding module (5) produces read data module (4) are stipulated according to agreement obtains decoded result, and decoded result output module (6) shows decoded result output.
2. a custom protocol decoding technique that is used for measurement and analysis instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described measurement and analysis instrument comprises logic analyzer, oscilloscope and other comprise the instrument of protocol analyzing function.
3. a custom protocol decoding technique that is used for measurement and analysis instrument according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said custom protocol module (2) is an independently application program; It comprises an agreement editing machine (21); The user derives agreement in the agreement of agreement editing machine (21) inediting design oneself then, generates protocol configuration file (22).
4. a custom protocol decoding technique that is used for measurement and analysis instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said decoding parametric is provided with module (3) and is made up of univers parameter setting (31), read data parameter setting (32), general decoding parameter setting (33).
5. a custom protocol decoding technique that is used for measurement and analysis instrument according to claim 4 is characterized in that: univers parameter setting (31) is that the protocol configuration file (22) that custom protocol module (2) produces is bound with the main frame decoded portion; The read data parameter is provided with (32), and with the general decoding parameter (33) to be set are the refinements to the univers parameter setting, are respectively read data module (4) and general decoding module (5) provides parameter.
6. a custom protocol decoding technique that is used for measurement and analysis instrument according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said read data module (4) is that initial data is read according to the mode that decoding parametric is provided with read data parameter setting (32) in the module (3); And the result saved as variable set, for general decoding module (5) provides data source.
7. a custom protocol decoding technique that is used for measurement and analysis instrument according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said general decoding module (5) is a general decoded portion of institute's protocols having; The data that protocol configuration file (22) that custom protocol module (2) is produced and read data module (4) obtain are as input; Parameter setting of general decoding parameter setting (33) part in the module (3) is set in conjunction with decoding parametric; Can accomplish the decoding work of data, store according to the frame packet format of agreement.
8. a custom protocol decoding technique that is used for measurement and analysis instrument according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said decoded result output display module (6); Be according to the demonstration in the protocol configuration file (22) of custom protocol module (2) generation information to be set, the data that general decoding module (5) is obtained are shown in the view of measurement and analysis instrument.
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