CN102324778A - High-efficiency energy-saving charger - Google Patents

High-efficiency energy-saving charger Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102324778A
CN102324778A CN201110296822A CN201110296822A CN102324778A CN 102324778 A CN102324778 A CN 102324778A CN 201110296822 A CN201110296822 A CN 201110296822A CN 201110296822 A CN201110296822 A CN 201110296822A CN 102324778 A CN102324778 A CN 102324778A
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resistance
electric capacity
circuit
module
parallel
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丁心志
毕志周
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Yunnan Electric Power Test and Research Institute Group Co Ltd
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Yunnan Electric Power Test and Research Institute Group Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201110296822A priority Critical patent/CN102324778A/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency energy-saving charger, which is formed by sequentially connecting an input electromagnetic interference (EMI) module, a rectification filtering module 1, an active power factor corrector (APFC), a direct current (DC)/DC regulation module, a rectification filtering module 2 and an output EMI module. An over-voltage and over-current detector is connected between the rectification filtering module 1 and the APFC. A voltage and current power factor detector is connected between the rectification filtering module 2 and the output EMI module. A protection control circuit is also connected to the DC/DC regulation module, and is also connected with the over-voltage and over-current detector and the voltage and current power factor detector respectively. The high-efficiency energy-saving charger has the remarkably advantages of increasing a power factor of electrical equipment and reducing harmonic pollutions to a power grid.

Description

A kind of energy-efficient charger
Technical field
The present invention designs a kind of energy-efficient charging electric vehicle machine, relates in particular to a kind of active power factor corrector that utilizes and realizes energy-efficient charger technical field.
Background technology
At present GB is Yaoed Qiu ≧ 90% to the power factor of charger in the electric automobile charging station; But the power factor of most chargers is also only about 90%; This can cause harmonic pollution in electric power net, and power factor descends, and idle component is mainly high order harmonic component; Wherein the triple-frequency harmonics amplitude is about 95% of first harmonic magnitude, and the 70%. the seventh harmonic amplitudes that the quintuple harmonics amplitude is about first harmonic magnitude are about 45% of first harmonic magnitude.High order harmonic component can work the mischief to electrical network, and the input power factor is descended, and produces very strong electromagnetic interference (EMI), and the safe operation of electrical network and other power consumption equipments is caused potential hazard.
Under such background; Through utilizing efficient IC chip; Utilize APFC (Active Power Factor Corrector; Be called for short the APFC circuit) design and develop a kind of New-type charge machine, thereby improve charger power factor, reduce harmonic wave, and finally reach the energy-efficient of charger.
The statement of this part only provides the background technology relevant with the present invention, and possibly not constitute prior art.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention proposes a kind of power factor that can improve electric equipment for the defective that overcomes above-mentioned existing charger existence just, reduces the energy-efficient charger to the harmonic pollution of electrical network.
The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical scheme.
A kind of energy-efficient charger, the present invention is connected and composed by input EMI, rectification filtering module 1, APFC circuit, DC/DC adjusting module, rectification filtering module 2, output EMI in regular turn; Wherein between rectification filtering module 1 and APFC circuit, being connected with the overvoltage overcurrent detects; Between rectification filtering module 2 and output EMI, being connected with the electric current and voltage power factor detects; On the DC/DC adjusting module, also be connected with the protection control circuit, and the protection control circuit also detects with the overvoltage overcurrent respectively, and detection is connected with the electric current and voltage power factor.
Input EMI module comprises piezo-resistance Y1, resistance R 1, capacitor C 1, capacitor C 2, capacitor C 3, capacitor C 4, inductance coil L1; Wherein piezo-resistance Y1, resistance R 1, capacitor C 2 are connected in parallel; The end of A among the one termination inductance coil L1, the end of B among another termination inductance coil L1 that piezo-resistance Y1, resistance R 1, capacitor C 2 are together in parallel, an end of another termination capacitor C 1 that while piezo-resistance Y1, resistance R 1, capacitor C 2 are together in parallel; The signal ground of the other end connection circuit plate of capacitor C 1; An end of another termination capacitor C 3 of A among the inductance coil L1 connects the ac input end of rectifier U1, the other end of another termination capacitor C 3 of B among the inductance coil L1 simultaneously; Connect the ac input end of rectifier U1 simultaneously, the dc output end of rectifier U1 and capacitor C 4 are connected in parallel and export.
The APFC circuit module adopts average current control mode UC3854 chip as control chip, carries out the electric current and voltage closed-loop control simultaneously, and by transformer T1, diode D9, D10, switching tube Q1, Q2 export main filter capacitor C3 and form; R11 is set in the APFC circuit, R12 forms current acquisition circuit, R17 is set in the APFC circuit, R19 forms voltage acquisition circuit; Transformer T1 output winding 3 terminals are received the end of diode D1 and D3 respectively in control circuit; Transformer T1 output winding 4 terminals are received the end of diode D2 and D4 respectively; Diode D3 is connected resistance R 1 jointly with D4; Output on No. 15 terminals of UC3854, be connected to through resistance R 6 on No. 10 terminals of UC3854.
Switching tube drain electrode and middle parallel resistance of grid and electric capacity in the DC/DC adjusting module; Drain electrode and source electrode be connected in parallel voltage stabilizing didoe and electric capacity through transformer T, connect the source electrode of switching tube S4 again, the composition output loop.Switching tube S2 drain electrode and middle parallel resistance of grid and electric capacity in the DC/DC adjusting module; Drain electrode and source electrode be connected in parallel voltage stabilizing didoe and electric capacity through transformer T, connect the source electrode of switching tube S3 again, the composition output loop.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, behind the employing APFC circuit, can the input current of power supply be transformed to and import the synchronous sine wave of civil power, thereby improve the power factor of electric equipment, reduce harmonic pollution electrical network.In theory, buck (Buck), boost type (Boost), lifting/lowering pressure type (Boost-Buck) and inverse-excitation type converter topologies such as (Flyback) all can be used as the main circuit of APFC.Wherein, Boost APFC is simple current-mode control, and power factor value is high, and total harmonic distortion is little, and efficient is high, but output voltage is higher than input voltage, is applicable to do large power supply, is widely used.Because the inductive current of boost type APFC is continuous, energy storage inductor can be used as filter and suppresses radio frequency interference (RFI) and EMI noise, and prevents that electrical network from impacting the high frequency transient of main circuit. circuit has boost chopper; Output voltage is greater than the input voltage peak value; The input voltage range that power supply allows enlarges, and can reach 90~270 V usually, improves the adaptability of power supply; And boost type APFC control is simple, and the power bracket that is suitable for is wide.Therefore, having proposed a kind ofly based on the Boost circuit topology here, is the APFC of control core with UC3854, and this circuit can be brought up to power factor more than 0.95.
Further set forth content of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the APFC circuit theory diagrams;
Fig. 3 is the full bridge rectifier sketch map;
Fig. 4 is a DC/DC inverter main circuit sketch map.
Embodiment
Like Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4, a kind of energy-efficient charger, the present invention is connected and composed by input EMI, rectification filtering module 1, APFC circuit, DC/DC adjusting module, rectification filtering module 2, output EMI in regular turn; Wherein between rectification filtering module 1 and APFC circuit, being connected with the overvoltage overcurrent detects; Between rectification filtering module 2 and output EMI, being connected with the electric current and voltage power factor detects; On the DC/DC adjusting module, also be connected with the protection control circuit, and the protection control circuit also detects with the overvoltage overcurrent respectively, and detection is connected with the electric current and voltage power factor.
Input EMI module comprises piezo-resistance Y1, resistance R 1, capacitor C 1, capacitor C 2, capacitor C 3, capacitor C 4, inductance coil L1; Wherein piezo-resistance Y1, resistance R 1, capacitor C 2 are connected in parallel; The end of A among the one termination inductance coil L1, the end of B among another termination inductance coil L1 that piezo-resistance Y1, resistance R 1, capacitor C 2 are together in parallel, an end of another termination capacitor C 1 that while piezo-resistance Y1, resistance R 1, capacitor C 2 are together in parallel; The signal ground of the other end connection circuit plate of capacitor C 1; An end of another termination capacitor C 3 of A among the inductance coil L1 connects the ac input end of rectifier U1, the other end of another termination capacitor C 3 of B among the inductance coil L1 simultaneously; Connect the ac input end of rectifier U1 simultaneously, the dc output end of rectifier U1 and capacitor C 4 are connected in parallel and export.
The APFC circuit module adopts average current control mode UC3854 chip as control chip, carries out the electric current and voltage closed-loop control simultaneously, and by transformer T1, diode D9, D10, switching tube Q1, Q2 export main filter capacitor C3 and form; R11 is set in the APFC circuit, R12 forms current acquisition circuit, R17 is set in the APFC circuit, R19 forms voltage acquisition circuit; Transformer T1 output winding 3 terminals are received the end of diode D1 and D3 respectively in control circuit; Transformer T1 output winding 4 terminals are received the end of diode D2 and D4 respectively; Diode D3 is connected resistance R 1 jointly with D4; Output on No. 15 terminals of UC3854, be connected to through resistance R 6 on No. 10 terminals of UC3854.
Switching tube drain electrode and middle parallel resistance of grid and electric capacity in the DC/DC adjusting module; Drain electrode and source electrode be connected in parallel voltage stabilizing didoe and electric capacity through transformer T, connect the source electrode of switching tube S4 again, the composition output loop.
Operation principle of the present invention is: if the charger power requirement is more than the 3kW, then imports power supply and adopt power frequency 380V, adopt power frequency 220V if power requirement, is then imported power supply less than 3kW, below detailed protocol be example with 220V:
Main composition module of the present invention:
(1) input EMI
Input EMI module comprises that piezo-resistance Y1, resistance R 1, capacitor C 1, capacitor C 2, capacitor C 3, capacitor C 4, inductance coil L1 constitute; Wherein piezo-resistance Y1, resistance R 1, capacitor C 2 are connected in parallel; The end of A among the one termination inductance coil L1, the end of B among another termination inductance coil L1 that piezo-resistance Y1, resistance R 1, capacitor C 2 are together in parallel, an end of another termination capacitor C 1 that while piezo-resistance Y1, resistance R 1, capacitor C 2 are together in parallel; The signal ground of the other end connection circuit plate of capacitor C 1; An end of another termination capacitor C 3 of A among the inductance coil L1 connects the ac input end of rectifier U1, the other end of another termination capacitor C 3 of B among the inductance coil L1 simultaneously; Connect the ac input end of rectifier U1 simultaneously, the dc output end of rectifier U1 and capacitor C 4 are connected in parallel and export.
Y1 is that piezo-resistance plays a protective role to rectifier among the figure, C1, C2; C3 and L1 constitute poor common-mode filter jointly; Filtering electrical network clutter gets into power supply, stops the power supply high-frequency interferencing signal to seal in the electrical network simultaneously, and C4 is that the AC signal in the rectifier provides discharge loop.
(2) active power factor corrector circuit (APFC circuit)
Behind input EMI and rectification filtering module 1, as can beappreciated from fig. 1, the 220V alternating current is the big electric capacity of smooth output voltage waveform C4 through inserting one after the full-bridge rectification; Therefore its load is exactly the combination of nonlinear rectification circuit and energy-storage travelling wave tube concerning the 220V power supply; Though with the voltage waveform same-phase but contain a large amount of high order harmonic components, serious distortion will take place in input current waveform, be pulse type; Electrical network is caused serious harmonic pollution, the input power factor is descended.In order to reduce noise that the rectification circuit input end harmonic current causes and the harmonic pollution that electrical network is produced; Guarantee grid supply quality; Improve electric network reliability, improve the input power factor and reached energy-saving effect, therefore adopt like the active power factor corrector circuit.
The present invention has adopted booster type BOOST circuit, and promptly output dc voltage is higher than input direct voltage.The APFC circuit has used average current control mode UC3854 chip as control chip; In this circuit through the product of input voltage after the rectifier bridge rectification and output voltage error amplifying signal as reference current, come control flows to cross the input current average value of inductance coil through the break-make of power controlling metal-oxide-semiconductor, when detecting input current average value and be lower than reference current; The conducting power MOS pipe increases input current average value; Therefore otherwise reduce input current average value, can follow the tracks of input voltage all the time, make input current average value and commutating voltage same-phase; And approach sine voltage, make power factor bring up to more than 0.95.
Concrete schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 2, and the APFC circuit is by transformer T1, diode D9, D10, and switching tube Q1, Q2 export main filter capacitor C3 and form.Control circuit is made up of UC3854 and outer member thereof; Current acquisition circuit mainly relies on R11, R12 to accomplish; Voltage acquisition circuit mainly relies on R17, R19 to accomplish; Transformer T1 output winding 3 terminals are received the end of diode D1 and D3 respectively in control circuit, and transformer T1 output winding 4 terminals are received the end of diode D2 and D4 respectively, and diode D3 is connected resistance R 1 jointly with D4 then; Output on No. 15 terminals of UC3854, be connected on No. 10 terminals of UC3854 through resistance R 6 then.
When the input power supply adopted power frequency 220V alternating current, several critical power ratio devices of power circuit are selected as follows: it was 30K that R2 gets resistance, and maximum power is 1kW's; Switching tube Q1, Q2 are IRFP460, leakage-source electrode MBV 500 V, and the maximum conducting resistance of leakage-source electrode is Ω O.27, maximum conducting electric current 20 A; Diode D9, D10 choose MUR8100T; Capacitor C 9 is got 470 μ F, 450v; Resistance R 18 is got 2K ohm, and maximum power is 2kW's; Resistance R 17 is got 510K ohm; Resistance R 19 is got 10K ohm; Diode D6 chooses IN5820.
(3) DC/DC adjusting module
DC/DC adjusting module circuit is mainly by switching tube S1, S2, S3, S4, diode D1, D2, D3, D4, resistance R 1, R2, R3, R4, R5; Capacitor C 1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, C8, transformer T, inductance L 1, L2 constitute; Wherein switching tube is selected positive-negative-positive, and parallel resistance and electric capacity in the middle of drain electrode and the grid are like switching tube S1 be connected in parallel R1 and C5; Drain electrode and source electrode be connected in parallel voltage stabilizing didoe and electric capacity are like switching tube S1 be connected in parallel C1 and D1, the drain electrode connection inductance L 2 of switching tube S1; Then through transformer T; The source electrode that connects switching tube S4 is again formed output loop, and output loop is through in the L1 that gets into the representative simulation loading condition after the halfwave rectifier, C, the R5 loop.

Claims (5)

1. an energy-efficient charger is characterized in that, is connected and composed in regular turn by input EMI, rectification filtering module 1, APFC circuit, DC/DC adjusting module, rectification filtering module 2, output EMI; Wherein between rectification filtering module 1 and APFC circuit, being connected with the overvoltage overcurrent detects; Between rectification filtering module 2 and output EMI, being connected with the electric current and voltage power factor detects; On the DC/DC adjusting module, also be connected with the protection control circuit, and the protection control circuit also detects with the overvoltage overcurrent respectively, and detection is connected with the electric current and voltage power factor.
2. a kind of energy-efficient charger as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: input EMI module comprises piezo-resistance (Y1), resistance (R1), electric capacity (C1), electric capacity (C2), electric capacity (C3), electric capacity (C4), inductance coil (L1); Wherein piezo-resistance (Y1), resistance (R1), electric capacity (C2) are connected in parallel; The end of A in the one termination inductance coil (L1); Another termination inductance coil (L1) B end that piezo-resistance (Y1), resistance (R1), electric capacity (C2) are together in parallel; One end of another termination capacitor (C1) that while piezo-resistance (Y1), resistance (R1), electric capacity (C2) are together in parallel, an end of another termination capacitor (C3) of A in the signal ground of the other end connection circuit plate of electric capacity (C1), inductance coil (L1); Connect the ac input end of rectifier (U1) simultaneously; The other end of another termination capacitor (C3) of B in the inductance coil (L1) connects the ac input end of rectifier (U1) simultaneously, and the dc output end of rectifier (U1) and electric capacity (C4) are connected in parallel and export.
3. a kind of energy-efficient charger as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: the APFC circuit module adopts average current control mode UC3854 chip as control chip; Carry out the electric current and voltage closed-loop control simultaneously, and by transformer (T1), diode (D9, D10); Switching tube (Q1, Q2) is exported main filter capacitor (C3) and is formed; (R11, R12) is set in the APFC circuit forms current acquisition circuit, (R17, R19) is set in the APFC circuit forms voltage acquisition circuit; Transformer in control circuit (T1) output winding 3 terminals are received a diode (D1) and an end (D3) respectively; Transformer (T1) output winding 4 terminals are received a diode (D2) and an end (D4) respectively; Diode (D3) is connected resistance (R1) jointly with (D4); Output on No. 15 terminals of UC3854, be connected to through resistance (R6) on No. 10 terminals of UC3854.
4. a kind of energy-efficient charger as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: switching tube in the DC/DC adjusting module (S1) drain electrode and middle parallel resistance of grid and electric capacity; Drain electrode and source electrode be connected in parallel voltage stabilizing didoe and electric capacity through transformer (T), connect the source electrode of switching tube (S4) again, the composition output loop.
5. a kind of energy-efficient charger as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: switching tube in the DC/DC adjusting module (S2) drain electrode and middle parallel resistance of grid and electric capacity; Drain electrode and source electrode be connected in parallel voltage stabilizing didoe and electric capacity through transformer (T), connect the source electrode of switching tube (S3) again, the composition output loop.
CN201110296822A 2011-09-30 2011-09-30 High-efficiency energy-saving charger Pending CN102324778A (en)

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Cited By (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102981421A (en) * 2012-11-19 2013-03-20 云南电力试验研究院(集团)有限公司电力研究院 Control method for direct-current (DC) load and device thereof
CN104410292A (en) * 2014-11-20 2015-03-11 广西大学 Adjustable switching power source
CN105223497A (en) * 2015-09-24 2016-01-06 芜湖龙峰电器电子有限公司 Energy-saving electric machine switching mode controller detection system
CN108306498A (en) * 2017-12-29 2018-07-20 河南北瑞电子科技有限公司 A kind of power factor correcting for Switching Power Supply
CN115528692A (en) * 2022-11-22 2022-12-27 云南电力试验研究院(集团)有限公司 Distributed new energy self-adaptive active impedance control method and device

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CN201726182U (en) * 2010-07-05 2011-01-26 上海新华电子设备有限公司 High voltage ultracapacitor power battery charger

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102981421A (en) * 2012-11-19 2013-03-20 云南电力试验研究院(集团)有限公司电力研究院 Control method for direct-current (DC) load and device thereof
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CN115528692A (en) * 2022-11-22 2022-12-27 云南电力试验研究院(集团)有限公司 Distributed new energy self-adaptive active impedance control method and device
CN115528692B (en) * 2022-11-22 2023-02-28 云南电力试验研究院(集团)有限公司 Distributed new energy adaptive active impedance control method and device

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Application publication date: 20120118