CN1023202C - 瓦楞材料托板组件 - Google Patents

瓦楞材料托板组件 Download PDF

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CN1023202C
CN1023202C CN91101332.6A CN91101332A CN1023202C CN 1023202 C CN1023202 C CN 1023202C CN 91101332 A CN91101332 A CN 91101332A CN 1023202 C CN1023202 C CN 1023202C
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stringer
mentioned
spare
reinforcement
assembly
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CN1060629A (zh
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丹尼尔·阿基尔·史密夫
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Gate Pallet Systems Inc
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    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
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    • B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D19/0004—Rigid pallets without side walls
    • B65D19/0053—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of more than one element
    • B65D19/0077—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of more than one element forming discontinuous or non-planar contact surfaces
    • B65D19/0089—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of more than one element forming discontinuous or non-planar contact surfaces the base surface being made of more than one element
    • B65D19/0093—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of more than one element forming discontinuous or non-planar contact surfaces the base surface being made of more than one element forming discontinuous or non-planar contact surfaces
    • B65D19/0095—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of more than one element forming discontinuous or non-planar contact surfaces the base surface being made of more than one element forming discontinuous or non-planar contact surfaces and each contact surface having a stringer-like shape
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    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
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    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B65D2519/00398—Overall construction reinforcements
    • B65D2519/00432—Non-integral, e.g. inserts
    • B65D2519/00442—Non-integral, e.g. inserts on the base surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
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    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
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    • B65D2519/00547—Connections
    • B65D2519/00552—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer
    • B65D2519/00557—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer without separate auxiliary elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00547—Connections
    • B65D2519/00552—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer
    • B65D2519/00557—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer without separate auxiliary elements
    • B65D2519/00562—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer without separate auxiliary elements chemical connection, e.g. glued, welded, sealed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
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    • B65D2519/00552—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer
    • B65D2519/00557—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer without separate auxiliary elements
    • B65D2519/00567—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer without separate auxiliary elements mechanical connection, e.g. snap-fitted
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00547—Connections
    • B65D2519/00552—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer
    • B65D2519/00572—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer with separate auxiliary element, e.g. screws, nails, bayonets

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pallets (AREA)

Abstract

一种一次使用托板组件，包括有沿其桁条件的底侧部分与桁条件相啮合的圆柱形增强件，形成一坚固的托板组件。

Description

本发明一般地涉及托板，更具体地涉及一种主要是用瓦楞纸制成并带有一个或多个增强件的改进的托板组件。
一次使用瓦楞纸托板在本专业领域是已知的并已作为商品供应许多年。这种托板，例如在1955年12月27日公告的授予赫尔未台治（hermitage）的美国专利2，728，545号;在1972年8月15日公告的授予罗勃特等人（Robertsetal）的美国专利3，683，822号;在1989年5月23日公告的授予艾特尔贝等人（Atterby    et    al.）的美国专利4，831，938号中都公开过。于1988年12月20日公告的授予斯克来兹克（Schmitke）的美国专利4，792，325号提供了一种用于制造硬纸托板的方法和设备。在1989年9月19日公告的授予夸斯尼克（Quasnick）的美国专利4，867，074号中公开了一种具有特别理想形式的瓦楞材料托板及其制造方法。
为了满足其广泛的用途，当然需要符合下述要求，即任何这种托板要表现为具有高的强度重量比，而且要能经受相当严重的粗鲁的使用，尤其在其上装有货物作为商品装运过程中所经常遇到的粗鲁使用情况。尽管这类托板的现有技术结构已能基本上满足这些要求，但是这类托板所存在的值得注意的缺陷的一个方面问题是它们所提供的横向稳定性的稳定程度;便详细地说，由托板装载的货物在装运中容易受到错移，或者至少是受到大小和方向不同的各种作用力。那些不能提供足够的横向稳定性的托板将容易受到损坏，当然这种损坏主要取决于货物的质量和运输中所经受的各种条件，时间因素等。上面所提到的夸斯尼克的专利 实际上推进了这方面的技术，但是不用说，对这方面进行进一步改进仍具有迫切的要求。
按照本发明，一种改进的托板组件包括多个细长的桁条件，每一个桁条件是由多层薄片材料制成的，而且以多个细长的桥面件横跨各桁条件并在靠近托板组件的顶侧与桁条件组装在一起。其中至少一个桁条件具有朝上并横向延伸的凹槽，以构成其底侧的颈状部分。将一个空心管形增强件向上插入一个相关的桁条件的凹槽内，使桁条的颈状部分向下伸进其内，从而使这些构件相互间牢固地固定接合在一起。
在最佳实施例中，每个增强件的两相对侧壁部分同时沿轴向和横向开槽的，以便与相关的桁条件位于颈状部分上面的横跨部分进行啮合。该增强件的最佳形状是圆柱形，而桁条件和增强件的底表面都将位于一个公共平面内或至少基本上位于一公共平面内。一般地说，桁条件和增强件是靠摩擦力接合在一起的，从而该托板组件避免使用粘接剂和机械紧固件将其接合构件固定一起的。
构成桁条件的薄片材料的各层通常都是以基本上平行于相关的增强件的轴向进行定向的，桁条件和桥面件通常都是采用单件瓦楞纸制作，而且最理想的是这些增强件也都是用纸制成。卷紧的纸管，例如用作纸卷的卷芯是用作这种增强件的合适材料。
本发明的其它目的通过提供用于制造上述结构的增强托板组件的方法都已达到。构成这种方法的改进部分的各个步骤包括：在至少一个桁条件内形成朝上，并横向延伸凹槽，最好是在多个桁条件上都形成有凹槽，并将空心管形增强件插入其内，从而使各构件有效地固定和牢固地相互啮合，使桁条件的颈状部分向下伸进增强件的孔内。
该方法最好是包括一个附加步骤，该步骤是在将增强件与相关的桁条件组装起来之前，将每个增强件的两相对的侧壁部分开出轴向和横向凹槽。最理想的情况是，各构件之间的相互啮合将由摩擦方式单独起作 用的。
图1是体现本发明的托板组件的部件分解透视图;
图2是图1所示组件所用的圆柱形增强件的放大主视图;
图3是图2所示增强件的平面视图;
图4是图1所示托板组件断开的侧视图，并按照图2和图3的尺寸比例显示出的局部剖视图;
图5是该托板组件的断开底视图;
图6是沿图4中6-6线截取的该组件的垂直剖面图。
现在详细参看附图，图中显示出一个体现本发明的托板组件，该组件由以标号10表示的三个桁条件和四个横向伸出桥面件12组装在一起构成的。如在图4至图6中可以清楚地看出，桁条件和桥面件都是由多层薄片材料（例如275磅，C型槽瓦楞纸）折叠成的单一构件构成以提供一个沿其垂直纵向中心线对称的大致梯形截面的细长结构。这些构件都是与上面所述夸斯尼克的美国专利4，867，074号中更充分介绍过的结构相类似，虽然（由此处所示实施例所具体化的）在该专利中所描述的改进的桁条结构并非必须用于这里所述组件。可以看出，每个桁条件10在靠近托板组件顶侧的高度上形成有四个横通路16。以容纳和牢固地啮合桥面件12。
一般以标号20表示的管形增强件都是与桁条件10组装在一起的。牢固卷绕的纸筒，例如用作纸卷筒的芯子那样的纸筒，是用作增强件20的合适材料。其它的致密，有一定刚度和强度的材料也可以替换使用，该侧壁构成一条轴线，而且其两相对面部分上都开出轴向和横向伸出槽，如在标号24处所示。每个桁条件10的底侧部分在标号26处相应地切出向内和横向伸出槽，以便在两槽之间形成一个短颈状部分28。该增强件20是通过将颈状部分28插入孔30中从而使其上对应的台肩表面11和21相对接，由此使增强件牢固地装在桁条件上来实现与相关的桁条件10组装在 一起。值得注意的是，在完全插入状态下，桁条件和增强件各自的底部表面32和34都处于一个公共的正常水平面上。还应当注意的是，增强件20仅仅是通过摩擦力牢固地保持和固定在其位置上而不需要采用任何粘接剂或紧固件，不过如果需要的活也可以采用这种辅助装置或机械锁紧元件。
虽然对桁条件，桥面件和增强件的最佳结构形式已进行说明，应当理解到，在不违背本发明的范围的条件下可以对每一个这种部件提出各种不同的构形和构造。例如，实际上在现有技术的专利中所描述的任何结构都可以应用在本发明的实施例中。然而重要的是，增强件的侧壁元件要沿着与它们相关的桁条件的外表面伸出;它们提供横向支承而且有助于保持桁条件的整体性，这样对该组件抵抗横向力和错移载荷条件的能力具有显著的作用，并由此有助于使该托板的毁坏和过早的失效减少到最低限度。
应当理解到，图1所示托板组件只是一个实施例，而且在许多情况下，将使用许多个（或者较少的）桁条件和桥面件，这主要取决于存在于托板顶侧的截荷因素和表面面积。例如，该组件可以采用10个桥面件和3个桁条件，以便提供通常测定面积为48×40英寸的支承表面。此外，增强件的数量和排列要以由所述情况进行改变，通常可以采用3个，6个或9个。不用说，每个桁条件可以携带更多的增强件，例如在靠近每个相对着的端部各设置一个以代替图中所示在中央部位设置一个。还可以从选定的桁条件上省掉这种增强件，例如在图中所示托板的中间桁条件上。最后，尽管纸通常可构成该组件的所有构件的最佳结构材料，以提供最佳重复利用特性和其它好处，但在某些合适的环境条件下，可以用塑料和其它材料代替。
由此可见，本发明提供了一种新颖的由瓦楞纸或类似材料（除了增强件外）制成的一次使用托板组件，这种组件表现为具有优异的强度 重量比，同时结合有高的横向稳定性和在错移载荷条件下抗倒塌能力。本发明还提供了一种用于生产这种托板组件的新方法（常用的瓦楞纸板用于制作桁条件和桥面件，而密实、坚固和强度好的材料用于制作增强件），并且本发明的方法和组件其结构简单、成本低和生产简易，都是非常有利的。

Claims (13)

1、一种托板组件，它包括多个由薄片材料制成的桁条件，和多个横跨上述桁条件并在靠近上述托板顶侧处与桁条件组装在一起的细长桥面件；其特征是，其中至少一个上述桁条件具有朝上和横向延伸的凹槽以便在其底部构成一颈状部分，而且所述组件包括至少一个空心管形增强件，该增强件向上插入上述桁条件的上述凹槽中，以其上述颈状部分向下伸入到增强件中，上述增强件和上述桁条件的所述一个相互间固定地和牢靠地啮合在一起。
2、如权利要求1所述的组件，其特征在于其中多个上述桁条件的每一个具有上述凹槽，而且其中所述组件包括多个上述增强件，每个这种增强件都以类似的方式插入上述桁条件的的一个相关的凹槽中。
3、如权利要求1所述的组件，其特征在于，每个上述增强件的两相对侧壁部分都是轴向和横向开槽的，而且其中位于上述颈状部分上方的上述相关的桁条件的各部分都啮合在上述侧壁部分的槽内。
4、如权利要求1所述的组件，其特征在于，其中所述增强件都是圆柱形的。
5、如权利要求2所述的组件，其特征在于，其中所述桁条件具有大致处于一个公共平面上的底部表面，而且其中所述增强件也具有大致处于上述平面上的底部表面。
6、如权利要求2所述的组件，其特征在于，其中所述桁条件和所述增强件都是靠摩擦力进行啮合的，所述托板不存在用以将增强件固定在桁条件上的粘接剂和紧固件。
7、如权利要求1所述的组件，其特征在于，其中所述每一个桁条件都是由瓦楞材料单件制成的。
8、如权利要求7所述的组件，其特征在于，其中每个所述桥面件是由瓦楞材料单件制成的。
9、如权利要求7所述的组件，其特征在于，其中每个所述桁条件和所述增强件都是由纸材制成的。
10、如权利要求3所述的组件，其特征在于，其中所述桁条件都具有向下呈锥形的横截面，而且其中所述在增强件内的槽都是向上呈锥形构形以便与桁条件相配合。
11、一种用于制造增强的托板组件的方法，该方法包括下述步骤，制作多个具有多层薄片的细长桁条件，制作多个细长桥面件，并以下述方式组装上述构件，即将上述桥面件横跨靠近上述托板组件的顶侧的上述桁条件上，其特征在于，在上述多个桁条件的每一件内形成有朝上并横向延伸的凹槽以便在其下侧构成一颈状部分，并将一空心管形增强件向上插入上述相关的一个桁条件的凹槽中，使该颈状部分向下伸进该增强件，从而使它们之间产生固定的牢靠的相互啮合。
12、如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，它包括将上述每个增强件的两相对侧壁部分开有轴向和横向伸出槽的附加步骤，以便在所形成的凹槽内有效地与位于上述桁条颈状部分的上方的上述相关的桁条件的各部分啮合。
13、如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，其中所述托板组件不使用用以将上述增强件固定在上述桁条件上的粘接剂和紧固件，该托板组件完全是由摩擦力进行相互啮合的。
CN91101332.6A 1990-05-17 1991-02-27 瓦楞材料托板组件 Expired - Fee Related CN1023202C (zh)

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DE69100967D1 (de) 1994-02-24
CA2036217A1 (en) 1991-11-18
DE69100967T2 (de) 1994-08-25
SG159394G (en) 1995-03-17
HK144794A (en) 1994-12-30
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EP0456961A1 (en) 1991-11-21
US5001991A (en) 1991-03-26

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