CN102313511B - Icing detector - Google Patents
Icing detector Download PDFInfo
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- CN102313511B CN102313511B CN201010219364.0A CN201010219364A CN102313511B CN 102313511 B CN102313511 B CN 102313511B CN 201010219364 A CN201010219364 A CN 201010219364A CN 102313511 B CN102313511 B CN 102313511B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/04—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings formed by bundles of fibres
- G02B6/06—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings formed by bundles of fibres the relative position of the fibres being the same at both ends, e.g. for transporting images
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENTS OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D15/00—De-icing or preventing icing on exterior surfaces of aircraft
- B64D15/20—Means for detecting icing or initiating de-icing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
- G06T7/0004—Industrial image inspection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
- G06T2207/30108—Industrial image inspection
- G06T2207/30156—Vehicle coating
Abstract
A kind of image icing detector, comprise: image-taking system (1-A) and image processing system (2-A), described image-taking system (1-A) can obtain the image of body surface, described image processing system (2-A) can be analyzed described image, thus obtains the icing conditions of described body surface.Further, described image-taking system (1-A) also comprises image-carrying fiber bundle (104).By this detector, when without the need to carrying out Miniaturization Design to image-taking system (1-A), namely can meet the application requirement under special space requirement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ice detection, for detecting the icing conditions of body surface, to obtain whether icing, type of freezing, the information such as thickness and area of freezing.
Background technology
Under many circumstances, need to detect the particular surface of object or the icing conditions at position and analyze.Such as at cold district, need to winter highway pavement icing conditions monitor, need to detect the blade of aerogenerator and the icing conditions of partial turn parts, and in aircraft flight, the icing phenomenon of the multiple location (as windscreen, wing tail leading edge, engine inlets etc.) of body is monitored, cause adverse effect to avoid freezing to flight, making ice causes serious flight safety accident.It should be noted that word " ice " involved in the application should comprise various ice, frost and composition thereof.
Up to now, people are the multiple device for icing detection of Design and manufacture, thus the generation of the harm that can take appropriate measures to avoid to freeze.But all there is various defect and deficiency in these existing ice detections, thus greatly have impact on its performance and the scope of application.
Such as, comparatively the ice detection of morning comprises radioactive ray formula, electrical conductivity and differential pressure type.Wherein, radioactive ray formula ice detection can bring very large harm to health, and the reliability of electrical conductivity ice detection is poor, and the volume of differential pressure type is comparatively large, and complicated structure, response speed is slower.In addition, this several ice detection all can only provide the qualitative detection result of whether freezing, and can not provide the quantitative information about icing thickness and icing rate.
Present widespread use be magnetostrictive vibration movable barrel type and piezoelectric film chip icing detector, they all can provide within the scope of certain ice thickness the quantitative information of freeze thickness and icing rate.But they also respectively have certain defect: magnetostrictive vibration movable barrel type icing detector complex structure, manufacturing technique requirent are high, calibration difficulties, and cannot flush and be conformally installed on curved portion (as aircraft wing tail leading edge); Although piezoelectric film chip icing detector volume, weight are less, the conformal that flushes that can realize curved portion is to a certain extent installed, and the production requirement of its sensitive material is comparatively tight, and technique is comparatively complicated, assembles more difficult.
Summary of the invention
The object of one aspect of the present invention is to propose a kind of new image icing detector, it comprises: image-taking system and image processing system, described image-taking system can obtain the image of body surface, described image processing system can be analyzed described image, thus obtain the icing conditions of described body surface, further, described image-taking system comprises image-carrying fiber bundle.
Utilize the good biography of image-carrying fiber bundle as performance, the setting of detector can be made more flexible, thus adapt to the needs of various specific acquisition environment better.
Preferably, described image icing detector also comprises Fixing Device, and body surface to be detected is aimed in the front end of described image-carrying fiber bundle, and rear end is connected with described Fixing Device.
Preferably, described Fixing Device is arranged away from described body surface.By this scheme, the front end of detector is made only to comprise a part and the accessory thereof of image-carrying fiber bundle.Like this, size and the weight of front end reduce all greatly, thus can be installed in and have in the application of strict demand space weight.In addition, the structure very simple and stable of front end, goes for comparatively severe applied environment.
Preferably, described Fixing Device comprises imageing sensor.
Preferably, described image-taking system also comprises the optical filtering be arranged on before described imageing sensor.Thus can the electromagnetic regime received in system be selected targetedly.
Preferably, described image-taking system also comprises electromagnetic wave launcher, for irradiating described body surface.
Preferably, the electromagnetic wave that described electromagnetic wave launcher is launched comprises visible ray, infrared ray and/or ultraviolet.The acquisition environment of various electromagnetic wave institutes particularly suitable is different, selects electromagnetic wave source for the possible range of freezing, or adopts multiple electromagnetic wave to carry out mixing detection, effectively can improve the accuracy of detection.
Preferably, described electromagnetic wave launcher works off and on; Or when described electromagnetic wave launcher work, described Fixing Device work.The serviceable life of equipment can be significantly improved like this.The frequency of operation of electromagnetic wave launcher can be 1-20Hz.
Preferably, described electromagnetic wave launcher comprises emitting optical fiber bundle.
Preferably, described image-taking system comprises anti-icing equipment and/or deicer, for preventing and/or eliminating freezing near described image-carrying fiber bundle front end.All need in not all application to carry out anti-icing and/or deicing.In the microcosmic detection approaching body surface to be detected, to need near to image-carrying fiber bundle front end exactly icing detects.
Preferably, described deicer comprises Mini electric device.
Preferably, the front end place of described image-carrying fiber bundle is provided with amasthenic lens and len.
Preferably, image-taking system also comprises temperature sensor.Environment temperature is not only the major parameter of control heater work, also can pay attention to, in the hope of improving the accuracy of detection further when carrying out icing conditions and judging.
The present invention's object is on the other hand to propose a kind of new aircraft icing detector, and it comprises the image icing detector according to the present invention first aspect.
Preferably, the front end of image-carrying fiber bundle can be arranged, for carrying out in-plant microcosmic detection to described body surface near body surface to be detected.
Preferably, the front end of image-carrying fiber bundle is arranged away from body surface to be detected, for carrying out macroscopic view detection at a distance to described body surface.
The application of image-carrying fiber bundle makes that the probe size of image icing detector is less, structure is simpler, and can tolerate worse environment, thus can be convenient to be installed to and variously to have in the application of strict demand size and environment.It is widely used in the icing detection of the multiple fields such as transport, power equipment, camp equipment and refrigeration plant, and meets the icing detection application demand of various aircraft.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In the process be described in detail embodiments of the present invention, with reference to following accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram according to the image-taking system in the image icing detector of the present invention first preferred implementation;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram according to the image processing system in the image icing detector of the present invention first preferred implementation;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the image icing detector according to the present invention second preferred implementation, which show the arrangement of microcosmic detection;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the image icing detector according to the present invention the 3rd preferred implementation, which show the arrangement of macroscopic view detection;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the image icing detector according to the present invention the 4th preferred implementation, which show the arrangement that detector carries out from ice sheet side detecting.
Embodiment
Come below with reference to accompanying drawings to be described in detail the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Image icing detector according to the present invention first preferred implementation mainly comprises image-taking system and image processing system, the former is for obtaining image from body surface, then by the latter, computation and analysis is carried out to obtained surface image, thus finally obtain the icing conditions of body surface.
First with reference to Fig. 1, its display be the image-taking system 1-A of the image icing detector of above-mentioned first preferred implementation.
Wherein, the core component of image-taking system 1-A is image-carrying fiber bundle 104, and it can at the surface image of front end receiver object, and by this surface image along Optical Fiber Transmission wherein to other parts be connected with its rear end.The structure of image-carrying fiber bundle 104 itself and principle, known by those skilled in the relevant art, do not belong to scope of the present invention.And as a proven technique, image-carrying fiber bundle is widely used in a lot of field (such as OGD), therefore repeats no more here.
And adopt the advantage of image-carrying fiber bundle 104 to be in the present embodiment, because image-carrying fiber bundle 104 can realize propagating the high-quality of image, therefore the image of body surface intactly can be transferred to the position away from body surface, and finally be received by the Fixing Device be arranged in away from body surface position.This advantage is very important for some special application.
In one example in which, there is strict demand (wing of such as aircraft) to the bulk near body surface to be detected, now only have the equipment meeting size condition to be just allowed to install.And existing imaging device is difficult to meet this dimensional requirement, thus cannot be applied.But by image-carrying fiber bundle, only the front end of image-carrying fiber bundle very little for size can be arranged near body surface (such as wing), and its rear end be connected on the imaging device that is positioned at away from wing position, such as, be positioned at engine room inside.Like this, even the larger imaging of existing volume (comprise and taking a picture and shooting) equipment also can be applied.By said method, when not carrying out Miniaturization Design to image-taking system, the effect identical with Miniaturization Design can be realized.
And in another example, the environment of body surface to be detected is more severe.Now by image-carrying fiber bundle, imaging device can be made to arrange away from body surface, and only retain image-carrying fiber bundle near body surface.Because this body structure of image-carrying fiber bundle is simple, be less likely to occur to damage, therefore can be applicable to various acquisition environment easily, and can protect the bad imaging device of relative flimsiness.
In actual applications, pattern of rows and columns of the size of the image transmission optical fibre adopted, number of fibers and fibre bundle, reasonably can determine according to different application occasion and concrete enforcement.No longer be described in detail in the present embodiment.
Amasthenic lens 102 is connected to the front end of image-carrying fiber bundle 104, for receiving image from body surface.Its kind can be selected suitably according to the difference of application form, and such as, hereafter by what describe, in in-plant microcosmic detection, the head of image-carrying fiber bundle 104 is very near body surface, and now amasthenic lens 102 needs to select micro-lens; And in macroscopic view detects at a distance, amasthenic lens 102 just needs to select telephoto lens or flake wide-angle lens.
Protective glass 101 can also be provided with in the front end of amasthenic lens 102, to protect amasthenic lens 102 from the infringement of external environment, such as, the wearing and tearing of the sand dust avoiding the high velocity air being arranged in body surface to carry.
In image-carrying fiber bundle 104 rear end, be in series with the coupling camera lens 107 and imageing sensor 108 that are used as Fixing Device in the present embodiment successively.Wherein, coupling camera lens 107 can will be converged by amasthenic lens 102 and the image transmitting transmitted via image-carrying fiber bundle 104 to imageing sensor 108, and be finally converted to for the image information of digital display circuit identification, can be analyzed for its latter linked image processing system (not showing in Fig. 1) by imageing sensor 108.Imageing sensor 108 can comprise such as CCD type or CMOS type imageing sensor according to actual conditions, also can comprise infrared and/or ultraviolet image sensor, thus detect the infrared ray in body surface image and/or ultraviolet.
In addition, electromagnetic wave launcher 115 can also be set near the front end of image-carrying fiber bundle 104, for launching the electromagnetic wave of certain power and certain wave band to body surface, comprise visible ray (400-760 nanometer), infrared ray (760 nanometer to 1000 micron) and/or ultraviolet (1 to 400 nanometer) etc., and their combination, to realize active probe.To detecting the adverse effect brought when its advantage is not only to overcome surround lighting deficiency, can also need to select the electromagnetic wave of some specific band as detection source according to detection, thus be specially adapted to the ice detecting particular type and specific thicknesses scope.In addition, also can realize complex probe, make in some applications for image information more horn of plenty.Certainly, those skilled in the art are it is understood that detection might not by electromagnetic wave launcher 115, and the surround lightings such as natural light are just enough to the requirement meeting detection in many applications.And in some applications, electromagnetic wave launcher does not need intentional interpolation, but existing equipment near body surface can be utilized yet, such as in aircraft applications, the signal lamp of aircraft surface can be utilized as electromagnetic wave launcher.
Meanwhile, by being arranged on the optical filter (not shown) between protective glass 101 and imageing sensor 108, the image information of different spectrum can be obtained selectively.
Further; in order to ensure carrying out smoothly of detection; anti-icing and/or deicer can also be set near protective glass 101 and amasthenic lens 102; such as be arranged on and windward side blocks (not shown) and/or Mini electric device 112; to avoid and/or to eliminate the ice formed on protective glass 101 etc., thus get rid of the impact on result of detection.Can also arrange extra temperature sensor 111, heating-up temperature can be prevented too high and damaging object surface or image transmission optical fibre on the one hand, temperature is the important references analyzed icing conditions on the other hand.
Image-taking system 1-A also comprises some other appurtenances; such as protect flexible protective joint 105, the protective sleeve 106 of image-carrying fiber bundle 104 grade; with the connecting line 116 being connected electromagnetic wave launcher 115; and the power lead and control signal wire etc. needed for equipment work, all no longer describe in detail.
Referring to Fig. 2, its display be the control section of image icing detector according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 2, control section mainly comprises image processing system 2-A, temperature control system 2-B, light-source control system 2-C and central microprocessor 2-D.
Wherein, image processing system 2-A comprises two parts: prewarning unit 201 of freezing, icing analytic unit 202 and icing conditions database 203.
Prewarning unit 201 of freezing is specially for the Image Information Processing of icing initial period, and it can adopt high rate burst communication electronic system technology, can obtain icing conditions information rapidly at icing initial period, and provides the alerting signal starting to occur to freeze.If coordinate probe to use together, the shape of wherein popping one's head in makes it easilier than body surface to be detected freeze through particular design, can also reach the effect of namely carrying out early warning before body surface starts to freeze in advance.
The course of work of prewarning unit 201 of freezing is, after receiving the image information transmitted by Fixing Device, by stores in its and icing conditions database 203 not icing time cleanly to contrast without ice atlas picture, judge with icing to whether.Its concrete deterministic process can with reference under regard to the description of icing analytic unit 202.
The analytic unit 202 that freezes works concurrently with icing prewarning unit 201 in time, can make qualitative and quantitative analysis to the concrete icing conditions of body surface (kind of freezing, icing thickness and/or icing area), it roughly comprises parameter tags module, computing module and judge module (all not showing in figure).
After receiving the image information transmitted by Fixing Device, first the analytic unit 202 that freezes carries out parameter tags by parameter tags module to image.Mark mode used can comprise gray proces and stratographic analysis process, realize respectively by gray analysis module and stratographic analysis module, wherein, can comprise again in stratographic analysis process and adopt monochromatic or multiple color (such as three primary colours) to analyze.And, mark both can carry out for all pixels of image, also therefrom can choose several pixels and carry out by getting point module, can also choose multiple region in the picture and try to achieve the mean value in each region, this depends primarily on the requirement of detection accuracy and speed.After the parameter tags completing effects on surface image, the parameter that mark obtains will be transferred to computing module.
The effect of computing module is, by calculating the flag parameters received, draws the characteristic factor corresponding to Current surface image thus, the characteristic in itself and icing conditions database 203 is contrasted for follow-up judge module.
The computing method adopted such as can comprise statistics, specifically, span mark module can being carried out parameter tags according to pre-determined standard is divided into that several are interval, then count the number of times that all flag parameters fall into each interval, and and then draw number percent occupied by it.In this example, be that the distribution of flag parameters in each interval is this characteristic factor corresponding to body surface image.Certainly, those skilled in the art are easy to expect, interval division can take uneven mode according to test findings.
Certainly, said method is comparatively simple a kind of in feasible computing method, specifically can take more complicated computing method, in the hope of obtaining more accurate characteristic factor when implementing.Also can mention further in this explanation below.
The effect of judge module as mentioned before, for the existing characteristic in the characteristic factor of calculating acquisition and icing conditions database 203 being contrasted, thus finds characteristic immediate with current signature factor.Icing conditions corresponding to this characteristic can think (comprise icing kind, freeze thickness and/or icing area etc.) the current icing conditions of body surface.Certainly, new reference quantity can also be introduced, the environment temperature such as obtained by temperature sensor 111 in the process judged.
Icing conditions database 203 is by a large amount of simulation test and process actual detection result and classify and obtain.Wherein can comprise some data, every bar data all comprise a kind of specific icing conditions information (freeze kind, freeze thickness and/or icing area etc.) and with these icing conditions characteristic of correspondence data, for judge module by characteristic with calculate the characteristic factor obtained and carry out contrasting and obtain corresponding icing conditions.
In order to understand content of the present invention better, simply will illustrate with regard to principle of work of the present invention below.
No matter be in visible ray, infrared band or ultraviolet band, the optical characteristics (scattering in ice sheet-air interface reflections, ice sheet and absorption etc.) of ice sheet all presents difference along with the change of icing conditions, thus forms difference significantly icing image.Freeze and the image not having to freeze, the difference of the image between variety classes different-thickness freezes is obviously.
Investigate freeze kind time, can the homogeneity of characteristic such as each pixel brightness value (comprising gray scale intensities and three primary colours brightness) of image under consideration.When freezing for clear ice, because ice sheet inside is similar to transparent, the electromagnetic wave therefore ice sheet and Air Interface reflected can with larger intensity receive by image-carrying fiber bundle, therefore the brightness value of image pixel is comparatively large and evenly.When freezing for rime ice, owing to being mingled with air bubble in ice sheet, reflection effect greatly reduces, and scattering effect is comparatively strong, therefore lower the and skewness of image pixel intensity value.Mixed type ice is then between above-mentioned two situations.
When investigating icing thickness, the brightness of ice sheet can be investigated too.Because after determining icing type, freeze in thickness range certain, icing thickness is thicker, then the brightness of image slices vegetarian refreshments is also larger.
Be described by the whole course of work of two examples to icing analytic unit 202, clearly to understand its principle of work and advantage below.
In the first instance, when receiving the image of Fixing Device transmission, first the parameter tags module of freezing in analytic unit 202 chooses several pixels (such as N number of) according to pre-determined rule from above.So-called rule refers to get a little can only carry out in the specific region of image, also can choose in some region relatively intensive and choose relatively sparse etc. in other region.Then, by the popular software in image processing field, three primary colours analysis is carried out to each pixel chosen, obtain the tristimulus value of each pixel respectively, thus complete parameter tags.For the microprocessor system of eight, the span of each primary colours is all between 0-255.
The tristimulus value marked is transferred to computing module.First according to prior ready-portioned three primary colours interval, each point is included in the interval of its correspondence.The division of often kind of tristimulus value can be carried out as required, such as, ruddiness, green glow and blue light are evenly or unevenly divided into p, q and r section respectively, thus it is interval to define altogether K=p × q × r tristimulus value.Then the number n of the point falling into each interval is counted
1, n
2, n
3n
kand account for the number percent m of total points N
1, m
2, m
3m
k.Number { the n of this point
1, n
2, n
3n
kor number percent { x
1, x
2, x
3x
knamely the characteristic factor corresponding with Current surface image is used as.
Finally by judge module, the characteristic had in the characteristic factor of calculating acquisition and icing conditions database 203 is contrasted, thus selected immediate data with current icing conditions in a database, and the information of the icing conditions comprised in these data (kind of freezing, icing thickness and/or icing area etc.) is as the current icing conditions of body surface.
And in second example, the course of work of parameter tags module and judge module there is no too large difference, but but have employed different computing method in computing module.
When investigating icing kind, the variance of pixel brightness value can be adopted to be used as the characteristic factor judged, the distribution of brightness can be found out so more significantly; And when investigating ice layer thickness, can using the summation of all pixel brightness values as final characteristic factor.By the existing characteristic calculated in the variance of all pixel brightness values and summation and icing conditions database 203 that obtain being contrasted, the quantitative detection result of icing thickness size can be obtained easily.
In addition, although carefully do not illustrate, it may occur to persons skilled in the art that, above-mentioned detector and detection method also can realize solving the Direct Recognition of the ice layer thickness that side is observed.As shown in Figure 5, by identifying gray scale and color etc. in image, clearly can distinguish ice field and body surface region, and by analyzing icing image, choose the mean value that multiple measurement point obtains its ice layer thickness, also can obtain the thickness of whole ice sheet easily.
In addition to the embodiments described above, those skilled in the art it will also be appreciated that other innovative approach, to improve performance further.Such as, can obtain each point gray scale and/or chromatogram value after, be not directly calculate with it, but by its with clean contrast without the gray scale in ice atlas picture and/or chromatogram value after, the flag parameters judged using its difference as subsequent calculations; Body surface can also be divided into several regions, then independently calculate judgement for each region, to make the judged result in each region mutually confirm, thus reduce the error of detection.
Simply describe to the functional unit except image processing system 2-A below, wherein, these functional units all can adopt existing scheme in prior art, do not belong to content of the present invention.
Temperature control system 2-B can obtain the temperature signal of temperature sensor 111, and by temperature signal compared with the temperature value of setting, thus as the control basis that well heater 112 works.And also temperature value can be transferred to judge module, as the reference quantity judging current icing conditions.
Light source control unit 2-C controls the work of electromagnetic wave launcher 115, namely controls electromagnetic wave kind, launch time and emissive power etc.Electromagnetic wave launcher 115 can continuous working, also can rule or discontinuous erratically.Under the intermittent duty of rule, electromagnetic transmission frequency can elect 1-20Hz as, this both can with image-taking system co-ordination, enough fast speed of detection can be ensured again.
Under discrete duty, can be coordinated the work of light source control unit 2-C and image processing system 2-A by central microprocessor 2-D, make only when electromagnetic wave launcher 115 works, image processing system 2-A just carries out work.
Central microprocessor 2-D can realize the control of image processing system 2-A, temperature control system 2-B and light source control unit 2-C and message exchange each other, thus realizes the function of each unit.
Below with reference to Fig. 3 and 4, for the icing detection of aircraft, two kinds of application modes according to icing detector of the present invention are described.Wherein, the inner structure of detector is roughly the same with the structure of last embodiment, therefore no longer repeats.
Image icing detector according to the present invention may be used for carrying out microcosmic detection to body surface compared with the icing conditions of zonule.Such as shown in Fig. 3, the front end 110 of image-taking system is embedded in aircraft surface, and toward the outer side, image-carrying fiber bundle is drawn from front end 110 and extended to the image processing system (not shown) away from this front end in protective sleeve 106.In this application, what amasthenic lens was selected is micro-lens, and the image that can obtain is only limitted to the very limited area that front end is aimed at.But because distance is very near, therefore can realize detecting the microcosmic of ice sheet internal image, the degree of accuracy of the image information obtained is very high.Recruitment and the icing rate of the unit interval of thereupon the trying to achieve interior thickness that freezes are also correspondingly more accurate.
It should be added that, under this arrangement, detector front end is frozen inevitable, otherwise cannot realize icing detection.But now, still can deicer be set, for the reset of detector.
Can also be used for carrying out macroscopic view detection to body surface compared with the icing conditions of large regions according to image icing detector of the present invention.As shown in Figure 4, detector is installed on the vertical fin of aircraft, and tiltedly facing to stabilizing surfaces.In this application, amasthenic lens selects telephoto lens or flake wide-angle lens, and by the parameter of adjustment camera lens, can realize all obtaining image clearly to the whole surf zone (such as, shown in figure being the rectangular area of a-b-c-d) needing to carry out icing detection.
Under this arrangement, detector front end can not exist icing, otherwise cannot obtain the icing image of body surface to be detected.Now, the setting of anti-icing and de-icing device just seems extremely important.And because image-carrying fiber bundle is resistant to elevated temperatures glass optical fiber or silica fibre, as long as therefore the temperature of heating arrangement is not too high, would not defective detector.
Although this for body surface compared with large regions detection form partial points is detected precision comparatively before a kind of form low, can realize detecting the entirety of whole regional extent.From this angle, the aggregate analysis precision to icing conditions can be improved again.Because a uneven result for detection that may cause for ice sheet distribution can not represent overall icing conditions, the conclusion drawn according to several specified point is made to depart from actual conditions.
In addition, this macroscopical detection form can also produce special technique effect in the application that some is special, such as, realize the detection to " the rear floating ice " formed by the cold large water droplet of mistake.This has very important significance for the icing detection in the fields such as aircraft.
The cold large water droplet of so-called mistake refers to the super-cooling waterdrop of meta volume diameter scope more than 50 microns.Owing to crossing cold large water droplet, there is larger quality, therefore needed to release a large amount of latent heat before freezing.Still keep liquid condition in its a period of time after contacting such as aircraft surface, can not freeze, only have after the latent heat of liquid discharges completely, freeze and just can occur in along on the surface of airflow direction certain distance backward.Therefore, when " rear floating ice ", the leading edge position appearing in such as aircraft wing and empennage does not freeze, and icing special circumstances occur the non-protection position after leading edge.
According to traditional detection method, if this freezing will be detected, need on larger position, arrange a lot of icing detector unit.Like this, not only require large installing space, also can damage the structure of body surface, and multiple icing detector unit is set also significantly can increases cost.
And if the above-mentioned setting of macroscopic view detection is carried out in employing compared with the icing conditions of large regions to body surface, then the detection to " rear floating ice " can be realized easily.Make be only amendment computing module in algorithm (such as by body surface to be detected along airflow direction subregion, and each region is calculated respectively), enable to realize not freezing the last period along airflow direction on body surface, then one section of icing situation identifies, just can realize the detection of rear floating ice.
Described above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention.But should be understood that, those skilled in the art upon reading the above description, can be easy to expect that other realizes concrete mode of the present invention, and these concrete modes are apparent.Inventor expects that those skilled in the art can implement suitable change, and these changes all should be included in the protection domain limited by claims.
Claims (18)
1. an image icing detector, comprise: image-taking system (1-A) and image processing system (2-A), described image-taking system (1-A) can obtain the image of body surface, described image processing system (2-A) can be analyzed described image, thus obtain the icing conditions of described body surface
It is characterized in that, described image-taking system (1-A) comprises image-carrying fiber bundle (104);
Wherein, described image processing system (2-A) comprises icing prewarning unit (201), freeze analytic unit (202) and icing conditions database (203), wherein, described icing prewarning unit (201) is after receiving image information, by stores in itself and described icing conditions database (203) do not freeze time cleanly to contrast without ice atlas picture, judge with icing to whether; Described icing analytic unit (202) works concurrently with described icing prewarning unit (201) in time, makes qualitative and quantitative analysis to the concrete icing conditions of body surface.
2. image icing detector as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise Fixing Device, body surface to be detected is aimed in the front end of described image-carrying fiber bundle (104), and rear end is connected with described Fixing Device.
3. image icing detector as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described Fixing Device is arranged away from described body surface.
4. image icing detector as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described Fixing Device comprises imageing sensor (108).
5. image icing detector as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described image-taking system (1-A) also comprises the optical filtering be arranged on before described imageing sensor (108).
6. image icing detector as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described image-taking system (1-A) also comprises electromagnetic wave launcher (115), for irradiating described body surface.
7. image icing detector as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the electromagnetic wave that described electromagnetic wave launcher (115) is launched comprises visible ray, infrared ray and/or ultraviolet.
8. image icing detector as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described electromagnetic wave launcher (115) works off and on.
9. image icing detector as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, when described electromagnetic wave launcher (115) works, and described Fixing Device work.
10. image icing detector as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, the frequency of operation of described electromagnetic wave launcher (115) is 1-20Hz.
11. image icing detectors as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described electromagnetic wave launcher (115) comprises emitting optical fiber bundle.
12. image icing detectors as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described image-taking system (1-A) also comprises anti-icing equipment and/or deicer, for preventing and/or eliminating freezing near described image-carrying fiber bundle (104) front end.
13. image icing detectors as claimed in claim 12, it is characterized in that, described deicer comprises Mini electric device (112).
14. image icing detectors as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, the front end place of described image-carrying fiber bundle (104) is provided with amasthenic lens (102) and len (101).
15. image icing detectors as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, image-taking system (1-A) also comprises temperature sensor (111).
16. 1 kinds of aircraft icing detectors, is characterized in that, comprise the image icing detector as described in above-mentioned any one claim.
17. aircraft icing detectors as claimed in claim 16, it is characterized in that, the front end of described image-carrying fiber bundle (104) is arranged, for carrying out in-plant microcosmic detection to described body surface near body surface to be detected.
18. aircraft icing detectors as claimed in claim 16, it is characterized in that, the front end of described image-carrying fiber bundle (104) is arranged away from body surface to be detected, for carrying out macroscopic view detection at a distance to described body surface.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201010219364.0A CN102313511B (en) | 2010-07-02 | 2010-07-02 | Icing detector |
| PCT/CN2011/075789 WO2012000385A1 (en) | 2010-07-02 | 2011-06-16 | Detecting device for detecting icing |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201010219364.0A CN102313511B (en) | 2010-07-02 | 2010-07-02 | Icing detector |
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| CN102313511A CN102313511A (en) | 2012-01-11 |
| CN102313511B true CN102313511B (en) | 2015-12-16 |
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| CN201010219364.0A Active CN102313511B (en) | 2010-07-02 | 2010-07-02 | Icing detector |
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| WO (1) | WO2012000385A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103101626B (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2015-09-02 | 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 | Icing detector |
| CN103101627B (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2015-05-13 | 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 | Freezing detector |
| CN103043216B (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2016-04-20 | 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 | Icing detector |
| CN103448913A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2013-12-18 | 中国民航大学 | Airplane deicing real-time monitoring device |
| CN103454220A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2013-12-18 | 中国民航大学 | Scanning region positioning device in residual ice detection process of airplane |
| CN106018199A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2016-10-12 | 空气动力学国家重点实验室 | SLD (supercooled large droplet) icing detector |
| CN105737745A (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2016-07-06 | 国网浙江省电力公司杭州供电公司 | Power transmission line icing detection system |
| CN108128468B (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-07-27 | 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 | Image-type icing detector and icing detection method |
| CN109696383A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-04-30 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of material surface anti-icing performance evaluation method based on statistics formula measurement result |
| CN109751988A (en) * | 2019-02-14 | 2019-05-14 | 重庆融创视讯科技有限公司 | A kind of real-time ice and snow of road based on naked eye 3D technology monitors analyte sensors automatically |
| CN111846275B (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2021-11-23 | 杭州天为航空技术服务有限公司 | Aircraft cleaning management system |
| CN114839163A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-08-02 | 电子科技大学 | Optical fiber icing sensor capable of identifying ice type based on ultraviolet solar blind waveband |
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| WO2012000385A1 (en) | 2012-01-05 |
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