CN102311870A

CN102311870A - Method for extracting tea oil,

Info

Publication number: CN102311870A
Application number: CN 201110251589
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邓泽元; 杨辉; 范亚苇; 李静
Original assignee: Nanchang University
Current assignee: Nanchang University
Priority date: 2011-08-30
Filing date: 2011-08-30
Publication date: 2012-01-11
Anticipated expiration: 2031-08-30
Also published as: CN102311870B

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for extracting tea oil. The method is an extension of the water substitution method, by adding microwave technology and ethanol solvent in the extraction process, tea oil is extracted from tea seeds. The method comprises the following steps: crushing wet tea seeds or dry tea seeds, processing with microwave, adjusting the ratio of material to liquid, carrying out homogenate, carrying out water-bath, centrifuging and taking supernatant oil, and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain the tea oil with safety, no toxicity, high quality, and light color and without refining. The invention has the advantages of simple device and process, high extraction efficiency, reusable extract, low cost, little waste water, easy treatment and little influence to the environment.

Description

A kind of method of extracting tea oil

Technical field

The present invention relates to extract the method for tea oil, belong to the grain and oil manufacture field with microwave treatment tea seed.

Technical background

Tea oil ( Camellia oil) be from tea oil tree ( Camellia oleifera Abel.) vegetables oil that obtains in the seed.Its color is pale yellow, clear, smell delicate fragrance, best in quality, unique flavor; Unsaturated fatty acids is up to more than 90% in the tea oil, and rich in proteins and multiple functional ingredient such as vitamin A, B, D, E and tea-polyphenol, Supraene, has the special efficacy of tangible Prevention of Cardiovascular sclerosis, hypotensive, reducing blood-fat and cancer-resisting.In addition, do not contain erucic acid in the tea oil, SUV, flavacin and other additive are a kind of fine edible oils.

At present, the extraction of tea oil has milling process, organic reagent to advance formulation, water for method and aqueous enzymatic method kind.But only the front is applied to industrial production for two kinds.

The tea oil milling process is produced tea oil with the method for mechanical expression after being the pre-treatment of tea seed process.The tea oil color, smell and taste of its extraction are all fine; Simple for process, but labor capacity is big when press apparatus maintenance changes, and also extraction efficiency is lower; The residual oil content that presses in the cake reaches 5% ~ 10%; Therefore, list is produced tea oil with milling process and is also had certain limitation, so usually form a complete production network with lixiviation process in the industry.

The organic solvent lixiviation process is a principle of utilizing extraction, soaks the tea seed with the organic solvent that can dissolve tea oil, thereby the method that tea oil extracts, mixes distillation then, steams solvent, obtains product.The extraction efficiency of this method is very high, and production cost is lower, therefore in industry, uses relatively extensively at present.But there is the potential safety-problems in organic reagent, such as inflammable and explosive, to harm of human body etc.The crude oil that this law is produced must pass through refining, and all volatilizations easily of the organic reagent of usefulness, contaminate environment, and the processing of organic reagent is also cumbersome in addition, needs special plant and equipment.

Water occurs than later for method, and it can only extract oleaginousness than higher oil plant seed oil.This method is to utilize the characteristic that oil does not dissolve in water, and the density variation between the profit, adopts cf-with separating of oil method of coming out.Water is simple for the production unit of legal system oil, processing ease, and cost is lower; But its oil yield is very low.However, water has its unique system oil mechanism for method, is still waiting further from theory and practice, it to be studied.

Aqueous enzymatic method is in order to improve oil yield, to add various enzymes, promotes the release of oil, and its principle and water are for identical.Aqueous enzymatic method carries that oil tech equipment is simple, operational safety, efficient are high; Quality of crude oil height, the lighter color of gained, be easy to refining; Treatment condition are gentle, can produce the protein product of detoxification; The relative energy consumption of production process is low; BOD and COD value greatly descend in the waste water, pollute and lack, and are prone to handle.But the selection of oil-water emulsion problem, zymin and cost thereof still are the bottlenecks of its suitability for industrialized production.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is the deficiency to prior art, the method for the Oleum Camelliae extraction of a kind of simple, safety, new high-efficiency is provided.Though it is identical that the principle of the invention and water are put forward oily principle for method, and " water is for method " done significant improvement, in leaching process, added microwave technology and ethanol, from the tea seed, extracts tea oil.

Process step of the present invention is:

(1) dry tea seed or fresh tea seed are shelled, pulverize, take by weighing the tea seed kernel of pulverizing, microwave treatment 90-200s;

(2) be that w/v is that 1:2-6 adds the 20-50% ethanolic soln as extracting solution, homogenate by solid-to-liquid ratio in the tea seed kernel after microwave treatment;

(3) with the slurries heating in water bath, bath temperature is 70-100 ℃, and the water-bath time is 0.5-2.0h;

(4) centrifuging and taking upper strata edible vegetable oil, vacuum-drying;

(5) the extracting solution ethanolic soln after collection is deoiled is reused.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: 1, by microwave and Ethanol Treatment, the dried tea seed of the yield of tea oil is 40-43%, and the fresh tea seed is 16-20%, grease extraction rate reached 88-95% (pressing tea seed kernel crude fat calculates).2, the technology of this law production tea oil is simple, and required equipment is less, and production cost is low.3, the crude oil non-toxic and safe of this law gained, quality height, lighter color, do not need refining, rich in vitamin E, Supraene and plant sterol.4, extracting solution can be reused, and extraction process does not almost have the waste water discharge, pollutes few.5, this law also helps the extraction that saponin, protein, polysaccharide etc. in the tea seed have the active substance of value added.

Specific embodiments

Embodiment 1:

Tea seed drying is shelled, pulverize.Take by weighing the tea seed kernel 100g of pulverizing, microwave 100s presses 1:4 (w/v) and adds 30% ethanolic soln, homogenate, 80 ℃ of water-bath 1.5h.Centrifugal, get upper strata edible vegetable oil, vacuum-drying is weighed.The yield of calculating tea oil at last is 41.43%.

The fresh tea seed is shelled, smash to pieces.Take by weighing bright tea seed kernel 100g, microwave 160s presses 1:3 (w/v) and adds 40% ethanolic soln, homogenate, 80 ℃ of water-bath 1.5h.Centrifugal, get upper strata edible vegetable oil, vacuum-drying is weighed.The yield of calculating tea oil at last is 15.63%.

Embodiment 2:

Tea seed drying is shelled, pulverize.Take by weighing the tea seed kernel 200g of pulverizing, microwave 120s presses 1:5 (w/v) and adds 35% ethanolic soln, homogenate, 90 ℃ of water-bath 1.5h.Centrifugal, draw upper strata edible vegetable oil, vacuum-drying is weighed.The yield of calculating tea oil at last is 41.82%.

The fresh tea seed is shelled, smash to pieces.Take by weighing bright tea seed kernel 200g, microwave 120s presses 1:4 (w/v) and adds 45% ethanolic soln, homogenate, 90 ℃ of water-bath 1.5h.Centrifugal, get upper strata edible vegetable oil, vacuum-drying is weighed.The yield of calculating tea oil at last is 16.15%.

Embodiment 3:

Tea seed drying is shelled, pulverize.Take by weighing the tea seed kernel 300g of pulverizing, microwave 70s presses 1:6 (w/v) and adds 40% ethanolic soln, homogenate, 95 ℃ of water-bath 0.5h.Centrifugal, draw upper strata edible vegetable oil, vacuum-drying is weighed.The yield of calculating tea oil at last is 40.12%.

The fresh tea seed is shelled, smash to pieces.Take by weighing bright tea seed kernel 300g, microwave 90s presses 1:5 (w/v) and adds 50% ethanolic soln, homogenate, 95 ℃ of water-bath 1h.Centrifugal, get upper strata edible vegetable oil, vacuum-drying is weighed.The yield of calculating tea oil at last is 16.75%.

Embodiment 4:

Tea seed drying is shelled, pulverize.Take by weighing the tea seed kernel 200g of pulverizing, microwave 180s presses 1:4 (w/v) and adds 30% ethanolic soln, homogenate, 95 ℃ of water-bath 1.5h.Centrifugal, draw upper strata edible vegetable oil, vacuum-drying is weighed.Take by weighing 200g tea seed powder again, the extracting solution after deoiling above using is also additional by the extracting solution of tea seed absorption (making solid-liquid ratio finally be 1:4 (w/v)) with 30% ethanol, and other technologies are identical with originally, so repeat nine times.Its result sees table 1.

The fresh tea seed is shelled, smash to pieces.Take by weighing bright tea seed kernel 200g, microwave 180s presses 1:3 (w/v) and adds 40% ethanolic soln, homogenate, 95 ℃ of water-bath 1.5h.Centrifugal, get upper strata edible vegetable oil, vacuum-drying is weighed.Take by weighing 200g fresh tea seed again, the extracting solution after deoiling above using is also additional by the extracting solution of tea seed absorption (making solid-liquid ratio finally be 1:3 (w/v)) with 40% ethanol, and other technologies are identical with originally, so repeat nine times.The result is as shown in table 1.

Table 1 recycling extracting solution extracts tea oil and yield thereof

Extract the tea oil order	Dried tea seed is carried oily yield %	The fresh tea seed is carried oily yield %
			1	40.15	16.14
2	41.77	16.18
			3	42.33	16.24
4	42.46	16.52
			5	41.99	16.50
6	42.53	16.77
			7	41.62	16.86
8	41.47	17.03
			9	43.51	16.74
10	42.88	16.86

Claims

1. method of extracting tea oil is characterized in that:

(2) be that w/v adds ethanolic soln as extracting solution, homogenate by solid-to-liquid ratio in the tea seed kernel after microwave treatment;

(3) with the slurries heating in water bath;

(4) centrifuging and taking upper strata edible vegetable oil, vacuum-drying;

2. a kind of method of extracting tea oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said ethanolic soln concentration is 20-50%, and add-on is solid-to-liquid ratio 1:2-6.

3. a kind of method of extracting tea oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said bath temperature is 70-100 ℃, and the water-bath time is 0.5-2.0h.