CN102310272A - Numerical control laser vaporization cutting machine based on auxiliary gas from compressor - Google Patents
Numerical control laser vaporization cutting machine based on auxiliary gas from compressor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102310272A CN102310272A CN201110174254A CN201110174254A CN102310272A CN 102310272 A CN102310272 A CN 102310272A CN 201110174254 A CN201110174254 A CN 201110174254A CN 201110174254 A CN201110174254 A CN 201110174254A CN 102310272 A CN102310272 A CN 102310272A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a numerical control laser vaporization cutting machine based on auxiliary gas from a compressor. In the invention, a CNC (Computer Numerical Control)-contouring control machine tool is adopted, and strong airflow generated by a compressor is utilized as auxiliary gas; and when a material is heated by high-power density laser beams, the surface temperature of the material is increased to the temperature at a boiling point in a high speed so as to avoid melting caused by heat conduction, wherein, a part of the material is vaporized to form steam and disappears, and a part of the material is taken as a spraying object to be sucked back by the auxiliary airflow from the bottom of a cutting seam. By adopting a laser cutting mode, the numerical control laser vaporization cutting machine based on the auxiliary gas from the compressor has the advantages that the obtained cutting seam is fine, the obtained cutting surface is smooth, the cutting speed is fast, heat deformation is small, the contact with the surface of the material can be avoided during the cutting process, more materials can be saved, and the machine is suitable for machining large products. The numerical control laser vaporization cutting machine based on the auxiliary gas from the compressor can be applied to machining sheet metals in the heavy/light industry, medical treatment industry and other related industries, cutting and forming rotors, stators and blades, and manufacturing various chains and components in the automobile manufacturing industry; and meanwhile the machine is also suitable for the advertisement and decoration industry, the artwork manufacturing industry and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of laser cutting machine, especially a kind of laser formation machine.
Background technology
Einstein delivered " about quantum theory of radiation " in 1916 on the basis of Bohr work.It is theoretical that article has proposed laser emission, and this key foundation of theory of laser just.Therefore Einstein is considered to the father of theory of laser.In this piece paper, Einstein has distinguished three kinds of processes: be excited absorption, spontaneous radiation, stimulated radiation.Preceding two notions are known.Be excited to absorb is exactly to be in the extraneous radiation of Atomic Absorption of lower state and to transit to upper state; Spontaneous radiation is meant that the atom of upper state spontaneously gives off photon and migrates to lower state.The characteristics of this radiation be the transition of each atom be spontaneous, independently carry out, its process is completely without external influence, also it doesn't matter each other.Therefore the state of their photons of sending has nothing in common with each other.Such coherence of light is poor, and direction stimulated radiation at random is then opposite.It is meant that the atom that is in high level perhaps under " induction ", transits to low-lying level in " stimulation " of photon, and gives off a photon with the same frequency of incident photon.This cans be compared to the early morning cock crows, and a cock cries, and other cock receives " stimulation " also can send same sound.The maximum characteristics of stimulated radiation are by the photon of stimulated radiation generation and cause that the original photon of stimulated radiation has identical state.They have identical frequency, and identical direction can't be distinguished both difference fully.Like this, through a stimulated radiation, a photon becomes two identical photons.This means that light has been reinforced, light has been exaggerated in other words.This lasing just basic process.Cut is to utilize the laser beam flying of high power density to cross material surface; In short time material is heated to several thousand to up to ten thousand degrees centigrade at the utmost point; Make material fusing or gasification, will melt with gases at high pressure again or gasification substance blows away from joint-cutting, reach the purpose of cutting material.
Laser cutting technique still can not satisfy the requirement of development in the application of traditional industry, still vacancy aspect the material excision forming of traditional industry.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome laser cutting technique, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of laser cutting machine that can be applied on the traditional industry material excision forming aspect in shortcoming and drawback aspect the material excision forming of traditional industry.
Compressor is assisted destiny control laser vaporization cutting machine; Laser generator and auxiliary gas, controller are arranged, it is characterized in that the control module of the auxiliary destiny control laser cutting machine of compressor adopts CNC profile control Digit Control Machine Tool, under the heating of high power density laser bundle; The speed that the material surface temperature rises to boiling temperature is enough to avoid heat to conduct the thawing that causes soon; The part material is vaporized into steam and disappears, and the part material is received by the secondary air resorption from the joint-cutting bottom as ejecta, and the laser vaporization cutting machine cuts off the unit by laser generating unit, waste material and control module is formed; Wherein laser generating unit is made up of laser generating unit, focalizer and speculum; Waste material cuts off the unit and is made up of compressor, airduct passage and air pressure gun, and control module is made up of main frame, numerical control device, drive unit, servicing unit and programming, auxiliary device, and laser generator generation laser becomes high-energy rays via concentrator optically focused and shines on the speculum; Speculum adjustment angle is to accomplish difform material cutting; High-power laser beam heats material makes it in instant vaporization, and the material of vaporization is compressed the air blast resorption that machine is made, and the air channel is in order to connect compressor and air pressure gun; Act on the material of vaporization between the air pressure gun, profile control Digit Control Machine Tool is in order to connect, to coordinate and control the work and the running status of each several part.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows that the cutting of cut is stitched the slot of thin cut generally at 0.10～0.20mm, cut surface is smooth, and the cut surface of cut does not have burr, and surface roughness generally is controlled at more than the Ra:12.5.Speed is fast, and the speed of cut is compared with the speed of line cutting and wanted fast a lot.Thermal deformation is little, and the laser slotted of Laser Processing is thin, speed fast, concentration of energy, and it is little therefore to pass to the heat that is cut on the material, causes that distortion of materials is also very little.Cut can not contact with material surface; Guarantee that product can not be scratched; Be fit to the processing of big part product: the mould manufacturing expense of big part product is very high; Laser Processing does not need any mould manufacturing, and the limit of collapsing that forms when avoiding the material punching fully of Laser Processing, and the production cost that can reduce enterprise significantly improves the class of product.Be fit to very much the exploitation of new product.In case after product drawing forms, can carry out Laser Processing, you can obtain the material object of new product in the shortest time at once.Save material: computer programming is adopted in Laser Processing, can carry out cutting out a piece of cloth in a way with the minimum material to make two or more articles of clothing of material to difform product, improves the utilization rate of material to greatest extent.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with case study on implementation the present invention is further specified.
Laser generator generation laser becomes high-energy rays via concentrator optically focused and shines on the speculum; Speculum adjustment angle is to accomplish difform material cutting, and high-power laser beam heats material makes it in instant vaporization, and the laser generator of laser generating unit produces laser; Converge to a very little point via lens; Energy at the unit space inner laser is focused in the very little scope, makes it have very large energy, and laser is mapped to material/be cut on the workpiece via the emission mirror reversal; Under the heating of high power density laser bundle; The speed that the material surface temperature rises to boiling temperature is enough to avoid heat to conduct the thawing that causes soon, and the part material is vaporized into steam and disappears, and the part material is received by the secondary air resorption from the joint-cutting bottom as ejecta.
The material of vaporization is compressed the air blast resorption that machine is made; The air channel acts on the material of vaporization in order to connect compressor and air pressure gun between the air pressure gun, compressor is made compressed air stream; Give air pressure gun through the airduct pathway reaction; The operation of air pressure gun and orientation and laser keep synchronously at material/the be cut incidence point on the workpiece, stop it to give the non-defective unit loss of material because of the melting band that the heat conduction causes at the following vaporization of the resorption in a flash waste material of laser vaporization material, and the airduct passage is in order to connect compressor and air pressure gun.
When using the present invention that metal material is carried out excision forming; Though metal material has very high reflectivity in room temperature to infrared energy; But emission is in the absorptivity in fact of far infrared drawback 10.6um laser beam has only 0.5%～10%; But,, but can in the time of microsecond level, make the surface begin fusing very soon when having focussed laser beam that power density surpasses 106w/cm2 when shining the metal surface.The absorptivity that is in the most metal of molten condition sharply rises, and generally can improve 66%～80%.
When using the present invention that nonmetallic materials are carried out excision forming; 10.6um the co2 laser beam of wavelength is easy to absorbed by nonmetallic materials; The evaporating temperature that thermal conductivity is bad and low makes the almost whole input material of the light beam of absorption inner again; And, form initial hole in the irradiation place instant vaporization of hot spot, get into the benign cycle of cutting process.
Wherein, Digit Control Machine Tool adopts profile control formula Digit Control Machine Tool lathe; The characteristics of profile control Digit Control Machine Tool are that the moving component of lathe can be realized the control that links simultaneously of two reference axis, and it not only can control the Origin And Destination coordinate position of machine tool motion component, and can control the speed and the displacement of whole machining process process every bit; Promptly can the controlled motion track, part processing is become planar straight line, curve or at the curved surface in space.
The compressor that waste material cuts off the auxiliary gas of unit adopts centrifugal high pressure compressor, centrifugal compressor large-minded, simple and compact for structure, in light weight; The machine packet size is little, and floor space is little, the running balance; Reliable, running rate is high, and friction member is few; Therefore the spare part expense is few, and maintenance cost and personnel are few, in secondary air of the present invention unit; Utilize compressor compresses gas to produce draught head and make the resorption air-flow, carry out resorption to high-power laser beam vaporization or the waste material that melts away and cut off, avoid the Yin Qire conduction to cause the deformation loss at other positions.
The focalizer of laser generating unit adopts the biconvex collector lens; The biconvex collector lens is assembled laser beam on the high-octane basis of script laser beam once more; It is released energy on a very little particle; Angle and the laser beam distance that can regulate lens according to different situations is with the joint-cutting size of adjustment laser beam on material, and cutting temperature.
Air pressure gun adopts the major part ion wind gun; It removes static and foreign matter, the dust of body surface with strong ion wind; Apply compressor high power resorption air pressure in it; Material is lip-deep to be moved synchronously being cut with laser beam, and coverage is at 30mm 90mm150mm, in the ion and the time: positive 0.1s, 0.4s, 0.7s; Negative 0.1s, 0.3s, 0.8s, operating voltage 4.6KV current sinking, 200uA, operating temperature-10～50 ℃, weight 0.55Kg, high-tension cable length 3Meters, air pressure 5～7Kg, air speed＞10m/s.
Claims (6)
1. compressor is assisted destiny control laser vaporization cutting machine; Laser generator and auxiliary gas, controller are arranged, it is characterized in that the control module of the auxiliary destiny control laser cutting machine of compressor adopts CNC profile control Digit Control Machine Tool, under the heating of high power density laser bundle; The speed that the material surface temperature rises to boiling temperature is enough to avoid heat to conduct the thawing that causes soon; The part material is vaporized into steam and disappears, and the part material is received by the secondary air resorption from the joint-cutting bottom as ejecta, and laser vaporization excision forming machine cuts off the unit by laser generating unit, waste material and control module is formed; Wherein laser generating unit is made up of laser generating unit, focalizer and speculum; Waste material cuts off the unit and is made up of compressor, airduct passage and air pressure gun, and control module is made up of main frame, numerical control device, drive unit, servicing unit and programming, auxiliary device, and laser generator generation laser becomes high-energy rays via concentrator optically focused and shines on the speculum; Speculum adjustment angle is to accomplish difform material cutting; High-power laser beam heats material makes it in instant vaporization, and the material of vaporization is compressed the air blast resorption that machine is made, and the air channel is in order to connect compressor and air pressure gun; Act on the material of vaporization between the air pressure gun, profile control Digit Control Machine Tool is in order to connect, to coordinate and control the work and the running status of each several part.
2. require described compressor to assist gas laser vaporization cutting machine according to right 1; It is characterized in that: Digit Control Machine Tool adopts profile control formula Digit Control Machine Tool lathe; The characteristics of profile control Digit Control Machine Tool are that the moving component of lathe can be realized the control that links simultaneously of two reference axis; It not only can control the Origin And Destination coordinate position of machine tool motion component; And can control the speed and the displacement of whole machining process process every bit, and promptly can the controlled motion track, part processing is become planar straight line, curve or at the curved surface in space.
3. require described compressor to assist gas laser vaporization cutting machine according to right 1, it is characterized in that: the compressor that waste material cuts off the auxiliary gas of unit adopts centrifugal high pressure compressor, centrifugal compressor large-minded, simple and compact for structure; In light weight, the machine packet size is little, and floor space is little, the running balance; Reliable, running rate is high, and friction member is few; Therefore the spare part expense is few, and maintenance cost and personnel are few, in secondary air of the present invention unit; Utilize compressor compresses gas to produce draught head and make the resorption air-flow, carry out resorption to high-power laser beam vaporization or the waste material that melts away and cut off, avoid the Yin Qire conduction to cause the deformation loss at other positions.
4. require described compressor to assist gas laser vaporization cutting machine according to right 1; It is characterized in that: the focalizer of laser generating unit adopts the biconvex collector lens; The biconvex collector lens is assembled laser beam on the high-octane basis of script laser beam once more; It is released energy on a very little particle, and angle and the laser beam distance that can regulate lens according to different situations is with the joint-cutting size of adjustment laser beam on material, and cutting temperature.
5. require described compressor to assist gas laser vaporization cutting machine according to right 1; It is characterized in that: air pressure gun adopts the major part ion wind gun; It removes static and foreign matter, the dust of body surface with strong ion wind, applies compressor high power resorption air pressure in it, and material is lip-deep to be moved synchronously being cut with laser beam; Coverage is at 30mm 90mm 150mm; In the ion and the time: positive 0.1s, 0.4s, 0.7s, negative 0.1s, 0.3s, 0.8s, operating voltage 4.6KV current sinking, 200uA, operating temperature-10～50 ℃, weight 0.55Kg, high-tension cable length 3Meters, air pressure 5～7Kg, air speed＞10m/s.
6. require described compressor to assist gas laser vaporization cutting machine according to right 1; It is characterized in that: establish sensor devices in the reflective mirror; Energy to guarantee laser beam can be good at being controlled in the certain limit; Write the moving track of the required speculum of access customer in the PLC Programmable Logic Controller and when reflection lasering beam is closed in reception, adjust reflection angle constantly, accomplish required pattern cut on request.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110174254A CN102310272A (en) | 2011-06-27 | 2011-06-27 | Numerical control laser vaporization cutting machine based on auxiliary gas from compressor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110174254A CN102310272A (en) | 2011-06-27 | 2011-06-27 | Numerical control laser vaporization cutting machine based on auxiliary gas from compressor |
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| CN102310272A true CN102310272A (en) | 2012-01-11 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11170077A (en) * | 1997-12-10 | 1999-06-29 | Amada Co Ltd | Method and device for cutting molded work piece |
| CN1827284A (en) * | 2006-04-13 | 2006-09-06 | 江苏大学 | Hole-forming method and device based on laser shock wave technology |
| CN101209515A (en) * | 2006-12-27 | 2008-07-02 | 富士迈半导体精密工业（上海）有限公司 | Laser cutting equipment |
| JP2008307573A (en) * | 2007-06-14 | 2008-12-25 | Ihi Corp | Machining head and machining apparatus |
-
2011
- 2011-06-27 CN CN201110174254A patent/CN102310272A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11170077A (en) * | 1997-12-10 | 1999-06-29 | Amada Co Ltd | Method and device for cutting molded work piece |
| CN1827284A (en) * | 2006-04-13 | 2006-09-06 | 江苏大学 | Hole-forming method and device based on laser shock wave technology |
| CN101209515A (en) * | 2006-12-27 | 2008-07-02 | 富士迈半导体精密工业（上海）有限公司 | Laser cutting equipment |
| JP2008307573A (en) * | 2007-06-14 | 2008-12-25 | Ihi Corp | Machining head and machining apparatus |
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Application publication date: 20120111 |