CN102306933B - Short-circuit current limiter with high reliability and method thereof - Google Patents
Short-circuit current limiter with high reliability and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102306933B CN102306933B CN201110269732.7A CN201110269732A CN102306933B CN 102306933 B CN102306933 B CN 102306933B CN 201110269732 A CN201110269732 A CN 201110269732A CN 102306933 B CN102306933 B CN 102306933B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a short-circuit current limiter with high reliability and a short-circuit current limiting method thereof. The limiter has relatively higher overall performance, a simple direct current circuit and a simple control method thereof, and high reliability. The limiter comprises a saturable reactor iron core. An alternating current coil unit and a direct current coil unit are arranged on the iron core. One end of the alternating current coil unit is connected with one input end of a rectification circuit, and the other end of the alternating current coil unit and another input end of the rectification circuit are connected with an external circuit. The output end of the rectification circuit is connected in series with the direct current coil unit to form a direct current loop. Two thyristors are reversely connected in parallel between the input ends of the rectification circuit. Two input terminals of a control module are connected with the two ends of each thyristor, and the other two input terminals of the control module are connected with two terminals of the alternating current coil unit by a voltage transformer. Two output terminals of the control module are connected with the triggering ends of the two thyristors respectively, and control the on-state of the two thyristors.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric power system and send power transformation technical field, short circuit current limiter and method thereof that particularly a kind of reliability is high.
Background technology
Along with the development of electric power system, the continuous rising of generate output, the electric power system short circuit current causing that is short-circuited is very large.The electric power system short circuit current causing that is short-circuited is very large to the harm of electric power system.Therefore, reduce short circuit current, can reduce the extent of damage of power equipment when short circuit, improve the stability of electric power system.
The method and apparatus of Recent study limiting short-circuit current (also claiming short circuit current limiter) becomes heat subject.
There have been many short circuit current limiter new principles to be suggested, but all had variety of issue.Saturation reactance type short circuit current limiter is a kind of important research direction, US Patent No. PO4031457,4122385,4152637,20090021875A1; Chinese patent 2004100802846 " a kind of fault current limiter " is all saturation reactance type short circuit current limiter, and these inventions differ from one another, but combination property and effect are good not.Particularly, DC circuit and control method thereof are complicated, unreliable.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly in order to address the above problem, provide a kind of combination property better, DC circuit and control method is simple, reliability is high short circuit current limiter and method thereof.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The short circuit current limiter that reliability is high, it comprises: a saturable reactor, saturable reactor has four terminals; AC coil group terminal I is connected saturable reactor internal communication coil groups with AC coil group terminal II, and alternating current path is provided; DC coil group terminal I is connected the inner DC coil group of saturable reactor with DC coil group terminal II, DC current path is provided; AC coil group and DC coil group interact by the closed loop iron core of saturable reactor inside;
A set of full bridge rectifier; Two inputs of rectification circuit and the AC coil group of saturable reactor are connected in series; Full bridge rectifier output and DC coil group are connected in series, and form DC loop circuit;
Reverse parallel connection thyristor D5 and thyristor D6 between the input of full bridge rectifier; The thyristor of two reverse parallel connections is controlled by control module;
Control module has two input terminals to connect thyristor D5 and thyristor D6 two ends, obtains the voltage between thyristor D5 and thyristor D6 positive pole and negative pole; Another two input terminals of control module are connected with two terminals of AC coil group by voltage transformer, obtain the voltage between two terminals of AC coil group; Control module also has two lead-out terminals to be connected with the trigger end of thyristor D5, thyristor D6 respectively, controls respectively the conducting state of thyristor D5, thyristor D6;
Control module is when thyristor D5 two ends forward voltage instantaneous value is less than set point, and control module is not sent out trigger impulse with the terminal that thyristor D5 trigger end is connected, thyristor D5 cut-off; At thyristor D5 two ends forward voltage instantaneous value, be greater than the moment of set point, the terminal that control module is connected with thyristor D5 trigger end sends a trigger impulse at once, makes thyristor D5 at this moment forward conduction, until reverse voltage ends after arriving.Control module is when thyristor D6 two ends forward voltage instantaneous value is less than set point, and control module is not sent out trigger impulse with the terminal that thyristor D6 trigger end is connected, thyristor D6 cut-off; At thyristor D6 two ends forward voltage instantaneous value, be greater than the moment of set point, the terminal that control module is connected with thyristor D6 trigger end sends a trigger impulse at once, makes thyristor D6 at this moment forward conduction, until reverse voltage ends after arriving.
Described control module is greater than in a period of time of set point at thyristor D5 or thyristor D6 both end voltage instantaneous value, the voltage detecting again between two terminals of AC coil group is greater than set point, control module is sent trigger impulse, makes thyristor D5 and thyristor D6 full conducting during the voltage between two terminals of AC coil group is greater than set point; Control module obtains halt instruction, stops sending trigger impulse.
Shunt capacitance C1, piezo-resistance R1 and high-power voltage-stabilizing tube D7 between described DC coil group terminal I and DC coil group terminal II.
Described AC coil group is AC coil L1, the L4 on saturable reactor iron core, and described DC coil group is DC coil L2, L5.
A current-limiting method for high short circuit current limiter,
When electric power system normally moves, transmitting loop electric current provides direct current to saturable reactor DC coil group; Saturable reactor both sides iron core is in saturation condition, and saturable reactor AC coil group is very little to the impedance of transmitting loop, can not affect the electricity consumption of load;
When the transmitting loop fault that is short-circuited, the electric current of short circuit current flow limiter starts to increase, first carrying out thyristor D5 or thyristor D6 two ends forward voltage instantaneous value is greater than set point and sends as control module the first criterion that trigger impulse makes thyristor D5 or the conducting of thyristor D6 part, then carry out voltage between two lead-out terminals of AC coil group and be greater than set point and send as control module the Second Criterion that trigger impulse makes thyristor D5 and the full conducting of thyristor D6, automatically cut off Second Criterion according to the transmission line automatic reclosing time; If electric power system fault is transient fault, the first criterion is failure to actuate, and electric power system recovers normal operation automatically; If electric power system fault is permanent fault, the first criterion is still moved, and the short circuit current limiter limiting short-circuit current that reliability is high, excises fault selectively by power system relay protection device.
Described control module is when thyristor D5 two ends forward voltage instantaneous value is less than set point, and control module is not sent out trigger impulse with the terminal that thyristor D5 trigger end is connected, thyristor D5 cut-off; At thyristor D5 two ends forward voltage instantaneous value, be greater than the moment of set point, the terminal that control module is connected with thyristor D5 trigger end sends a trigger impulse at once, makes thyristor D5 at this moment forward conduction, until reverse voltage ends after arriving.Then enter next cycle, so repeatedly carry out.Control module is when thyristor D6 two ends forward voltage instantaneous value is less than set point, and control module is not sent out trigger impulse with the terminal that thyristor D6 trigger end is connected, thyristor D6 cut-off; At thyristor D6 two ends forward voltage instantaneous value, be greater than the moment of set point, the terminal that control module is connected with thyristor D6 trigger end sends a trigger impulse at once, makes thyristor D6 at this moment forward conduction, until reverse voltage ends after arriving.Then enter next cycle, so repeatedly carry out.
Described thyristor D5 or thyristor D6 two ends forward voltage set point are: the pressure drop producing at full bridge rectifier input when transmitting loop maximum load current passes through saturable reactor, then be multiplied by the safety factor that is greater than 1.
Described control module is greater than in a period of time of set point at thyristor D5 or thyristor D6 both end voltage instantaneous value, the voltage detecting again between two terminals of AC coil group is greater than set point, control module is sent trigger impulse, makes thyristor D5 and thyristor D6 full conducting during the voltage between two terminals of AC coil group is greater than set point; Control module obtains halt instruction, stops sending trigger impulse.
Voltage setting value between two lead-out terminals of described AC coil group is: transmitting loop rated voltage is multiplied by the safety factor that is less than 1.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: DC circuit structure and control method thereof are simple, economical, reliable; Short circuit current limiter, for outside, only needs an input terminal and a lead-out terminal, as two-terminal device, uses, very easy to use.As two-terminal nonlinear device, when the electric current by device is less than load current value, the reactance of device is very little, can not affect the power supply capacity of transmitting loop; When the electric current by device is greater than rated value, the reactance of device increases fast, device can be fast short-circuit current limitation to the load current order of magnitude; Short circuit is very little on the impact of power equipment voltage around short dot.Once short dot disappears, the short circuit current limiter that reliability is high can be realized automatic recovery transmitting loop and normally move; For the mistake that control module is possible, send out thyristor triggering impulse, also only can affect the time of half cycle, affect littlely, operational reliability is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 represents structure and the connected mode of the short circuit current limiter that a kind of reliability is high.
Fig. 2 represents a kind of agent structure and connected mode of saturable reactor.
Wherein, 1. input terminal and AC coil group terminal I, 2. AC coil group terminal II, 3. DC coil group terminal I, 4. DC coil group terminal II, 5. lead-out terminal, 6. saturable reactor, 7. voltage transformer, 8. control module, 9. saturable reactor iron core.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
A kind of structure of short circuit current limiter of thyristor control and connected mode are as shown in Figure 1.A kind of short circuit current limiter of thyristor control has a saturable reactor 6, and saturable reactor 6 has four terminals, AC coil group terminal I1, AC coil group terminal II 2, DC coil group terminal I3, DC coil group terminal II 4; AC coil group terminal I1 is connected saturable reactor internal communication coil groups with AC coil group terminal II 2, and alternating current path is provided; DC coil group terminal I3 is connected the inner DC coil group of saturable reactor with DC coil group terminal II 4, DC current path is provided; AC coil group and DC coil group interact by the closed loop iron core 9 of saturable reactor inside; A set of full bridge rectifier being formed by diode D1, diode D2, diode D3, diode D4; Two inputs of full bridge rectifier and the AC coil group of the saturable reactor input terminal (being AC coil group terminal I1) in device connected in series and lead-out terminal 5; Full bridge rectifier output and DC coil group are connected in series, and form DC loop circuit; Reverse parallel connection thyristor D5 and thyristor D6 between the input of full bridge rectifier; The thyristor of two reverse parallel connections is controlled by control module 8; Control module 8 has two input terminals to connect thyristor D5 and thyristor D6 two ends, obtains the voltage between thyristor D5 and thyristor D6 positive pole and negative pole; Two input terminals of control module 8 are connected with two terminals (AC coil group terminal I1, AC coil group terminal II 2) of AC coil group by voltage transformer 7, obtain the voltage between two terminals of AC coil group; Control module 8 also has two lead-out terminals to be connected with the trigger end of thyristor D5, thyristor D6 respectively, controls respectively the conducting state of thyristor D5, thyristor D6.
Saturable reactor shown in Fig. 16 is schematic diagram, and the saturable reactor kind that can realize saturable reactor 6 functions is a lot, has patent document is disclosed: a kind of magnetic saturation reactor (patent No. 2010105840411); A kind of saturable reactor main body (patent No. 2011100207304); A kind of saturable reactor (patent No. 2011100409541) of more dominance energy; Fig. 2 represents wherein a kind of agent structure and connected mode of saturable reactor, and its operation principle is no longer burdensome here.
Shunt capacitance C1, piezo-resistance R1 and high-power voltage-stabilizing tube D7 are gone back in described DC coil group two ends (DC coil group terminal I1, DC coil group terminal II 2).Operation principle is general knowledge, no longer burdensome here.
When a kind of electric power system of short circuit current limiter normal operation input of thyristor control, transmitting loop electric current provides direct current to saturable reactor DC coil L2, L5.Saturable reactor both sides iron core is all the time in saturation condition, and saturable reactor AC coil L1, L4 are very little to the impedance of transmitting loop, can not affect the electricity consumption of load.
When the transmitting loop fault that is short-circuited, the electric current of short circuit current flow limiter starts to increase, and control module 8 detects Power System Shortcuts and occurs, and sends conducting order to immediately thyristor D5, D6; After thyristor D5, D6 conducting, the voltage drop at full bridge rectifier two ends is the tube voltage drop of thyristor D5, D6.Direct current in the DC coil of saturable reactor declines; Saturable reactor both sides iron core departs from saturation condition, and the reactance that is connected on saturable reactor AC coil L1, L4 in transmitting loop becomes large fast, and the voltage at AC coil L1 YuL4 two ends increases fast.The electric current that flows through AC coil L1 and L4 is limited.
In order to improve combination property, the present invention takes first to carry out thyristor D5 or thyristor D6 two ends forward voltage instantaneous value and is greater than set point and sends as control module 8 the first criterion that trigger impulse makes thyristor D5 and the conducting of thyristor D6 part, then carry out voltage between two lead-out terminals of AC coil group and be greater than set point and send as control module 8 Second Criterion that trigger impulse makes thyristor D5 and the full conducting of thyristor D6, automatically cut off Second Criterion according to the transmission line automatic reclosing time; If electric power system fault is transient fault, the first criterion is failure to actuate, and electric power system recovers normal operation automatically; If electric power system fault is permanent fault, the first criterion is still moved, and the short circuit current limiter limiting short-circuit current that reliability is high, excises fault selectively by power system relay protection device.
Described thyristor D5 or thyristor D6 two ends forward voltage set point are: the pressure drop that transmitting loop maximum load current produces at full bridge rectifier input when the saturable reactor, then be multiplied by and (for example: 1.2) be greater than 1 safety factor.
Like this, when a kind of electric power system of short circuit current limiter normal operation input of thyristor control, the electric current that flows through DC coil group is less, the voltage of full bridge rectifier input is also smaller, be less than set point, thyristor D5 and thyristor D6 complete shut-down are disconnected, and short circuit current limiter does not affect transmission of electric energy.When transmitting loop is short-circuited, short circuit current is greater than maximum load current, and this electric current flows through DC coil group after full bridge rectifier rectification, and produces pressure drop at full bridge rectifier input.When this pressure drop is greater than thyristor D5 or thyristor D6 two ends forward voltage set point, thyristor D5 or thyristor D6 are at this moment forward conduction, until reverse voltage ends after arriving, then enter next cycle, so repeatedly carry out.Although what flow into DC coil group is direct current, the voltage of full bridge rectifier input is alternating voltage.So control module 8 is controlled thyristor D5 or thyristor D6 part conducting in half cycle, the direct current that flows into short circuit current limiter DC coil group reduces, short circuit current limiter limiting short-circuit current.The advantage of this control strategy is, once short dot disappears, thyristor D5 or thyristor D6 turn-off immediately, and transmitting loop immediate recovery normally moves; For the mistake that control module 8 is possible, send out thyristor triggering impulse, also only can affect the time of half cycle, affect less.The shortcoming of this control strategy is that short circuit current can not be limited to below load current.
In order further to improve a kind of current limitation effect of short circuit current limiter of thyristor control.Control module is greater than in a period of time of set point at thyristor D5 or thyristor D6 both end voltage instantaneous value, the voltage detecting again between two terminals of AC coil group is greater than set point, control module 8 is sent trigger impulse, make thyristor D5 and thyristor D6 full conducting during the voltage between two terminals of AC coil group is greater than set point, until the voltage between two lead-out terminals of AC coil group is less than set point.Voltage setting value between two lead-out terminals of AC coil group is: transmitting loop rated voltage is multiplied by and is less than 1 safety factor (for example 0.7).When electric power system normally moves, the voltage between two lead-out terminals of AC coil group is very low, and control module 8 can not sent trigger impulse.The electric power system fault that is short-circuited, control module 8 is first because the voltage of full bridge rectifier input is high, and triggers thyristor D5 and thyristor D6; And cause that the voltage between two terminals of AC coil group rises; Voltage between two terminals of AC coil group is greater than set point, and control module 8 is sent trigger impulse, makes thyristor D5 and the full conducting of thyristor D6.Thyristor D5 and the full conducting of thyristor D6, the direct current that shows to flow into during this short circuit current limiter DC coil group is zero, short circuit current limiter limiting short-circuit current is to minimum value (exciting current of AC coil group).Reach short-circuit current limitation is arrived to the load current order of magnitude, short circuit is very little on the impact of power equipment voltage around short dot, the object that the switching characteristic of saturable reactor is fully used.Control module 8 obtains halt instruction or obtains automatic reclosing instruction, stops sending trigger impulse.
By obtaining the method for the voltage between two terminals of AC coil group, can reach the object of invention, and more convenient and reliable.In fact, do not obtain the voltage between two terminals of AC coil group, by increasing the additive methods such as logical circuit, can realize the object of the invention yet, and can save voltage transformer 7, just effect and poor reliability.
Because the short circuit current limiter that reliability is high can be realized two-terminal device, do not need external equipment, do not need external control power supply, power electronic element potential difference in rectification circuit and control circuit is little, the electromagnetism operational environment of device Power Electronic Circuit is better, functional reliability is high, not fragile.
Short circuit current limiter and method thereof that a kind of reliability of the present invention is high can manufacture and design by prior art, can realize completely.There is broad prospect of application.
Claims (9)
1. the high short circuit current limiter of reliability, is characterized in that, it comprises: a saturable reactor, saturable reactor
There are four terminals; AC coil group terminal I is connected saturable reactor internal communication coil groups with AC coil group terminal II, and alternating current path is provided; DC coil group terminal I is connected the inner DC coil group of saturable reactor with DC coil group terminal II, DC current path is provided; AC coil group and DC coil group interact by the closed loop iron core of saturable reactor inside;
A set of full bridge rectifier; Two inputs of rectification circuit and the AC coil group of saturable reactor are connected in series; Full bridge rectifier output and DC coil group are connected in series, and form DC loop circuit;
Reverse parallel connection thyristor D5 and thyristor D6 between the input of full bridge rectifier; The thyristor of two reverse parallel connections is controlled by control module;
Control module has two input terminals to connect thyristor D5 and thyristor D6 two ends, obtains the voltage between thyristor D5 and thyristor D6 positive pole and negative pole; Another two input terminals of control module are connected with two terminals of AC coil group by voltage transformer, obtain the voltage between two terminals of AC coil group; Control module also has two lead-out terminals to be connected with the trigger end of thyristor D5, thyristor D6 respectively, controls respectively the conducting state of thyristor D5, thyristor D6;
Control module is when thyristor D5 two ends forward voltage instantaneous value is less than set point, and control module is not sent out trigger impulse with the terminal that thyristor D5 trigger end is connected, thyristor D5 cut-off; At thyristor D5 two ends forward voltage instantaneous value, be greater than the moment of set point, the terminal that control module is connected with thyristor D5 trigger end sends a trigger impulse at once, makes thyristor D5 at this moment forward conduction, until reverse voltage ends after arriving; Control module is when thyristor D6 two ends forward voltage instantaneous value is less than set point, and control module is not sent out trigger impulse with the terminal that thyristor D6 trigger end is connected, thyristor D6 cut-off; At thyristor D6 two ends forward voltage instantaneous value, be greater than the moment of set point, the terminal that control module is connected with thyristor D6 trigger end sends a trigger impulse at once, makes thyristor D6 at this moment forward conduction, until reverse voltage ends after arriving.
2. the high short circuit current limiter of reliability as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described control module is at thyristor
D5 or thyristor D6 both end voltage instantaneous value were greater than in a period of time of set point, the voltage detecting again between two terminals of AC coil group is greater than set point, control module is sent trigger impulse, makes thyristor D5 and thyristor D6 full conducting during the voltage between two terminals of AC coil group is greater than set point; Control module obtains halt instruction, stops sending trigger impulse.
3. the high short circuit current limiter of reliability as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, shunt capacitance C1, piezo-resistance R1 and high-power voltage-stabilizing tube D7 between described DC coil group terminal I and DC coil group terminal II.
4. the high short circuit current limiter of reliability as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described AC coil group is AC coil L1, the L4 on saturable reactor iron core, and described DC coil group is DC coil L2, L5.
5. a right to use requires short circuit current limiter that the arbitrary described reliability of 1-4 the is high method to transmitting loop current limliting in electric power system, it is characterized in that, when electric power system normally moves, transmitting loop electric current provides direct current to saturable reactor DC coil group; Saturable reactor both sides iron core is in saturation condition, and saturable reactor AC coil group is very little to the impedance of transmitting loop, can not affect the electricity consumption of load;
When the transmitting loop fault that is short-circuited, the electric current of short circuit current flow limiter starts to increase, first carrying out thyristor D5 or thyristor D6 two ends forward voltage instantaneous value is greater than set point and sends as control module the first criterion that trigger impulse makes thyristor D5 or the conducting of thyristor D6 part, then carry out voltage between two lead-out terminals of AC coil group and be greater than set point and send as control module the Second Criterion that trigger impulse makes thyristor D5 and the full conducting of thyristor D6, automatically cut off Second Criterion according to the transmission line automatic reclosing time; If electric power system fault is transient fault, the first criterion is failure to actuate, and electric power system recovers normal operation automatically; If electric power system fault is permanent fault, the first criterion is still moved, and the short circuit current limiter limiting short-circuit current that reliability is high, excises fault selectively by power system relay protection device.
6. the method for the short circuit current limiter that dependability as claimed in claim 5 is high to transmitting loop current limliting in electric power system, it is characterized in that, described control module is when thyristor D5 two ends forward voltage instantaneous value is less than set point, control module is not sent out trigger impulse with the terminal that thyristor D5 trigger end is connected, thyristor D5 cut-off; At thyristor D5 two ends forward voltage instantaneous value, be greater than the moment of set point, the terminal that control module is connected with thyristor D5 trigger end sends a trigger impulse at once, makes thyristor D5 at this moment forward conduction, until reverse voltage ends after arriving; Then enter next cycle, so repeatedly carry out; Control module is when thyristor D6 two ends forward voltage instantaneous value is less than set point, and control module is not sent out trigger impulse with the terminal that thyristor D6 trigger end is connected, thyristor D6 cut-off; At thyristor D6 two ends forward voltage instantaneous value, be greater than the moment of set point, the terminal that control module is connected with thyristor D6 trigger end sends a trigger impulse at once, makes thyristor D6 at this moment forward conduction, until reverse voltage ends after arriving; Then enter next cycle, so repeatedly carry out.
7. the method for the short circuit current limiter that dependability as claimed in claim 6 is high to transmitting loop current limliting in electric power system, it is characterized in that, described thyristor D5 or thyristor D6 two ends forward voltage set point are: the pressure drop producing at full bridge rectifier input when transmitting loop maximum load current passes through saturable reactor, then be multiplied by the safety factor that is greater than 1.
8. the method for the short circuit current limiter that dependability as claimed in claim 5 is high to transmitting loop current limliting in electric power system, it is characterized in that, described control module is greater than in a period of time of set point at thyristor D5 or thyristor D6 both end voltage instantaneous value, the voltage detecting again between two terminals of AC coil group is greater than set point, control module is sent trigger impulse, makes thyristor D5 and thyristor D6 full conducting during the voltage between two terminals of AC coil group is greater than set point; Control module obtains halt instruction, stops sending trigger impulse.
9. the method for the short circuit current limiter that dependability as claimed in claim 8 is high to transmitting loop current limliting in electric power system, it is characterized in that, the voltage setting value between two lead-out terminals of described AC coil group is: transmitting loop rated voltage is multiplied by the safety factor that is less than 1.
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| CN201110269732.7A CN102306933B (en) | 2011-09-13 | 2011-09-13 | Short-circuit current limiter with high reliability and method thereof |
| PCT/CN2011/001986 WO2012075676A1 (en) | 2010-12-06 | 2011-11-29 | Current limiting device and method having flexible switching performance |
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| CN201110269732.7A CN102306933B (en) | 2011-09-13 | 2011-09-13 | Short-circuit current limiter with high reliability and method thereof |
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| CN102592807B (en) * | 2012-02-09 | 2014-07-16 | 山东大学 | On-load tap switch of saturable reactor with switch characteristics |
| CN103872672A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-06-18 | 湖南大学 | Novel saturated iron core high-temperature superconductive current limiter served as harmonic suppressor |
| CN104376967B (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-11-02 | 山东大学 | The quick direct-curent saturable reactor of a kind of reaction |
| CN106529736A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-03-22 | 新奥泛能网络科技股份有限公司 | Method and apparatus for predicting energy load of building |
| CN110350502A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-10-18 | 镇江大全赛雪龙牵引电气有限公司 | A kind of side rail wear |
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