CN102298165B - Calibration apparatus used for calibrating engineering seismograph time measuring precision and calibration method thereof - Google Patents
Calibration apparatus used for calibrating engineering seismograph time measuring precision and calibration method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102298165B CN102298165B CN 201110128670 CN201110128670A CN102298165B CN 102298165 B CN102298165 B CN 102298165B CN 201110128670 CN201110128670 CN 201110128670 CN 201110128670 A CN201110128670 A CN 201110128670A CN 102298165 B CN102298165 B CN 102298165B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a calibration apparatus used for calibrating engineering seismograph time measuring precision and a calibration method thereof. The calibration apparatus comprises: a plurality of detector supports, a seismic source support, a plurality of detectors placed on the detector supports, an iron plate which can excite sound waves and is placed on the seismic source support, a hammer, a multi-core cable which can make a plurality of detectors form a parallel connection. The hammer and the multi-core cable are connected to a seismograph to be calibrated. The detectors placed on the detector supports and the iron plate placed on the seismic source support are positioned in a straight line with a same height and a same direction. A plane of the iron plate is vertical to an arranged direction of the detectors. By using the calibration apparatus of the invention, a sound wave excitation condition and a receiving condition can be ensured to be consistent so that calibration of the engineering seismograph time measuring precision can be guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to caliberating device and scaling method, especially for caliberating device and the scaling method of demarcating time measurement precision of engineering seismograph.
Background technology
At present, each road consistance of judgement seismic instrument in the corresponding rules such as " Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering physical prospecting rules " SL326-2005, " water power hydraulic engineering physical prospecting rules " DL/T5010-2005, " municipal engineering geophysical exploration standard " CJJ7-2007 and " power engineering geophysical prospecting technology rules " DL/T5159-2002 of implementing to the demarcation emphasis of engineering seismology instrument, and stipulate that the phase differential between each road should should be less than 15% less than the difference of vibration between 1.5ms, each road, and corresponding requirement has been proposed for wave detector consistance, trigger switch precision.
Because engineering seismology exploration and its offset distance of Rock And Soil seismic wave test are little of 1m-2m, large to tens of rice, even hundreds of rice, therefore engineering seismology instrument scaling method and the requirement of above-mentioned relevant rules regulation can not be satisfied the requirement of test seismic wave parameter precision under the little offset distance.
For example implement the rock mass seismic wave test, suppose trigger switch without time-delay, phase differential is 0.2ms between adjacent each road of seismic instrument, and then the 6th road and first seismic event maximal phase potential difference are 1.0ms, and meeting phase differential should be less than the requirement of 1.5ms.
Establish again the rock mass seismic wave test and survey segment length 6m, offset distance 1m, track pitch 1m, arrange 6 road wave detectors, consider that by medium rock mass velocity 4500m/s the 6th wave detector of hammer point distance is 6m, calculate as can be known the time that the 6th wave detector receive seismic event to should be 1.33ms.
The maximal phase potential difference is 0.2ms between the existing Yin Gedao, and then the actual time that receives seismic event of the 6th road is 2.53ms, and actual measurement rock mass seimic wave velocity is 2370m/s, and relative error is 47%.Obviously, be difficult to satisfy requirement of engineering.So the method for the Regulations of prior art can not satisfy the demarcation time measurement precision of engineering seismograph.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, a kind of caliberating device and scaling method for demarcating time measurement precision of engineering seismograph is provided, in the hope of guaranteeing the quality of engineering seismology ripple exploration.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: a kind of caliberating device for demarcating time measurement precision of engineering seismograph, comprise a plurality of wave detector supports, a focus support, be placed in many wave detectors on a plurality of wave detector supports, be placed in the iron plate of the excite sound waves on the focus support, iron hammer, make the polycore cable of a plurality of wave detector parallel connections, iron hammer and polycore cable are connected on the seismograph to be calibrated, the iron plate that is placed in many wave detectors on a plurality of wave detector supports and is placed on the focus support is positioned at sustained height, on the unidirectional straight line, the iron plate plane is perpendicular to the geophone arrangement direction.
Described wave detector support comprise base, perpendicular to the vertical rack of base, be inserted in the adjustment height on support top rule, be positioned at the horizontal hanging arm on rule top and be fixed on the erecting frame of the installation wave detector on the horizontal hanging arm.
The erecting frame of described installation wave detector is the outer C jacket ring of opening punching.
Described focus support comprise base, perpendicular to the vertical rack of base, be inserted in the adjustment height on support top rule, be positioned at the horizontal hanging arm on rule top, described iron plate is circular or square, is installed on the horizontal hanging arm.
The number of described wave detector support is identical with seismographic road number to be calibrated.
The number of described wave detector support is 6,12,24,48 or 96.
Distance between described two adjacent wave detector supports is 0.3m ~ 1.0m, and the distance on the focus support between the adjacent wave detector of iron plate central point distance also is 0.3m ~ 1.0m.
Distance between described two adjacent wave detector supports is that the distance between the adjacent wave detector of iron plate central point distance is 0.5m on the 0.5m focus support.
A kind of scaling method of time measurement precision of engineering seismograph may further comprise the steps:
(1) n wave detector is placed in respectively in the erecting frame of n wave detector support;
(2) regulate the wave detector support, make n wave detector on sustained height, and its minimum altitude should guarantee that the air direct wave is Mintrop wave;
(3) put the wave detector support by equidistant L, and make n wave detector on same straight line and direction consistent;
(4) on the focus support iron plate of hanging oneself, the iron plate plane is perpendicular to the geophone arrangement direction, and the adjacent phone spacing of iron plate central point distance also is L, and remains on same straight line with a said n wave detector;
(5) polycore cable and the iron hammer in parallel with n wave detector is connected on the seismograph to be calibrated, knocks the center of iron plate with iron hammer along the perpendicular direction of geophone arrangement, excite sound waves reads each wave detector sound wave t hourage
1,t
2,t
3, ,t
n, measure simultaneously the temperature T of air, precision to 0.5
;
(6) calculate the judgement calibration result:
A. air-borne sound wave velocity measured value
Take range finding s as ordinate, take each wave detector sound wave t hourage as horizontal ordinate, draw " time-range finding " curve, or obtain regression beeline equation between s and the t with statistical method:
A, b are regression coefficient to be asked in the formula;
The slope of T-X curve or regression coefficient b are air-borne sound wave velocity measured value v
1
B. air-borne sound wave velocity calculated value
The air-borne sound wave velocity is calculated as follows:
In the formula
Air-borne sound wave velocity calculated value, m/s; T is the temperature of air,
C. the error of air-borne sound wave velocity
Air-borne sound wave velocity measured value
With air-borne sound wave velocity calculated value
Between relative error
Be calculated as follows:
Calculate
Be not more than ± 0.5%, be meeting the demands of the time measurement precision of engineering seismograph demarcated, calculating
Greater than ± 0.5%, be not meeting the demands of the time measurement precision of engineering seismograph demarcated.
The number n of described wave detector support is identical with seismographic road number to be calibrated, and spacing L is 0.3m ~ 1.0m.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: caliberating device of the present invention can be guaranteed the consistance of sound wave shooting conditions, condition of acceptance, and then the demarcation of assurance time measurement precision of engineering seismograph, improve the precision of engineering seismology exploration, the test of engineering Rock And Soil seismic wave parameter, for engineering design, engineering foundation inspection of quality provide important underlying parameter.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the caliberating device timing signal for demarcating time measurement precision of engineering seismograph of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the wave detector support synoptic diagram of the caliberating device for demarcating time measurement precision of engineering seismograph of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the focus support synoptic diagram of the caliberating device for demarcating time measurement precision of engineering seismograph of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the calibration curve of demarcation time measurement precision of engineering seismograph of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail:
As shown in Figure 1, caliberating device for demarcating time measurement precision of engineering seismograph of the present invention, comprise 6 wave detector supports 1,1 focus support 2, be placed in 6 wave detectors 4 on 6 wave detector supports 1, be placed in the iron plate of sending sound wave 8 on the focus support 2, iron hammer 5, make the polycore cable of 6 wave detector 4 parallel connections, iron hammer 5 and polycore cable 6 are connected on the seismograph to be calibrated 3, the iron plate 8 that is placed in 6 wave detectors 4 on 6 wave detector supports 1 and is placed on the focus support 2 is positioned at sustained height, on the unidirectional straight line, iron plate 6 planes are perpendicular to wave detector 4 orientations.
As shown in Figure 2, described wave detector support 1 comprise base 11, perpendicular to the vertical rack 12 of base, be inserted in the adjustment height on support 12 tops rule 9, be positioned at the horizontal hanging arm 13 on rule 9 tops and be fixed on the erecting frame 7 of the installation wave detector 4 on the horizontal hanging arm 13.The erecting frame 7 that wave detector 4 is installed described in this example is the outer C jacket ring of opening punching.
As shown in Figure 3, described focus support 2 comprise base 21, perpendicular to the vertical rack 22 of base, be inserted in the adjustment height on support 22 tops rule 29, be positioned at the horizontal hanging arm 23 on rule 29 tops, described iron plate 8 is circular, is installed on the horizontal hanging arm 23.
In this example, seismograph 3 to be calibrated is 6 roads, so need 6 wave detector supports 1 and 6 wave detectors 4, that is to say that the number of described wave detector support 1 is identical with the road number of seismograph to be calibrated 3, the number of wave detector support 1 is 6 usually, 12,24,48 or 96.
Distance between two adjacent wave detector supports 1 is 0.3m ~ 1.0m, is preferably 0.5m, and the distance between the adjacent wave detector of the upper iron plate central point distance of focus support ⑵ also be 0.3m ~ 1.0m, also preferred 0.5m.
A kind of scaling method of time measurement precision of engineering seismograph may further comprise the steps:
(1) n wave detector is placed in respectively in the erecting frame of n wave detector support;
(2) regulate the wave detector support, make n wave detector on sustained height, and its minimum altitude should guarantee that the air direct wave is Mintrop wave;
(3) put the wave detector support by equidistant L, and make n wave detector on same straight line and direction consistent;
(4) on the focus support iron plate of hanging oneself, the iron plate plane is perpendicular to the geophone arrangement direction, and the adjacent phone spacing of iron plate central point distance also is L, and remains on same straight line with a said n wave detector;
(5) polycore cable and the iron hammer in parallel with n wave detector is connected on the seismograph to be calibrated, knocks the center of iron plate with iron hammer along the perpendicular direction of geophone arrangement, excite sound waves reads each wave detector sound wave t hourage
1,t
2,t
3, ,t
n, measure simultaneously the temperature T of air, precision to 0.5
;
(6) calculate the judgement calibration result:
A. air-borne sound wave velocity measured value
Take range finding s as ordinate, take each wave detector sound wave t hourage as horizontal ordinate, draw " time-range finding " curve, or obtain regression beeline equation between s and the t with statistical method:
A, b are regression coefficient to be asked in the formula;
The slope of T-X curve or regression coefficient b are air-borne sound wave velocity measured value v
1
B. air-borne sound wave velocity calculated value
The air-borne sound wave velocity is calculated as follows:
In the formula
Air-borne sound wave velocity calculated value, m/s; T is the temperature of air,
C. the error of air-borne sound wave velocity
Air-borne sound wave velocity measured value
With air-borne sound wave velocity calculated value
Between relative error
Be calculated as follows:
Calculate
Be not more than ± 0.5%, be meeting the demands of the time measurement precision of engineering seismograph demarcated, calculating
Greater than ± 0.5%, be not meeting the demands of the time measurement precision of engineering seismograph demarcated.
The number n of described wave detector support is identical with seismographic road number to be calibrated, and spacing L is 0.3m ~ 1.0m.
The below is elaborated as the scaling method of example to said apparatus to demarcate 6 road seismographs:
1. 6 wave detectors 4 are placed in respectively in 6 wave detector holder device C type rings 7;
2. regulate wave detector support rule 9) make 6 wave detectors 4 on sustained height, and its minimum altitude should guarantee that the air direct wave is Mintrop wave;
3. equidistantly put wave detector support 1 by 0.5m, and make 6 wave detectors 4 on same straight line and direction consistent;
4. at focus support 5 round iron plate 8 of hanging oneself, the iron plate plane is perpendicular to the geophone arrangement direction, first wave detector 0.5m of iron plate central point distance, and remain on same straight line with above-mentioned 6 wave detectors;
5. knock the center of iron plate, excite sound waves with adz-eye hammer along the perpendicular direction of geophone arrangement;
6. read each wave detector sound wave t hourage
1=1.43
,t
2=2.89
,t
3=4.32
,t
4=5.76, t
5=7.27, t
6=8.68ms measures the temperature T of air=22.0 simultaneously
⑴ air-borne sound wave velocity measured value
Take range finding s as ordinate, take each wave detector sound wave t hourage as horizontal ordinate, draw " time-range finding " curve, the slope of T-X curve is air-borne sound wave velocity measured value v
1See Fig. 4 " calibration curve ".
Or obtain regression beeline equation between s and the t with statistical method:
Can try to achieve air-borne sound wave velocity measured value v by " calibration curve " or formula ⑴
1=344.3m/s.
⑵ air-borne sound wave velocity calculated value
The air-borne sound wave velocity is calculated as follows:
T=22.0 among the formula ⑵
, then calculate
=344.5m/s.
⑶ the error of air-borne sound wave velocity
Air-borne sound wave velocity measured value
With air-borne sound wave velocity calculated value
Between relative error
Be calculated as follows:
Through type ⑶ calculates
=0.058%.Meet the demands.
Above-described example only is used for illustrating technological thought of the present invention and characteristics, its purpose is to make those skilled in the art can understand content of the present invention and implements according to this, can not only limit claim of the present invention with this example, be equal variation or the modification that all disclosed spirit is done, still drop in the claim of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. caliberating device of be used for demarcating time measurement precision of engineering seismograph, it is characterized in that, comprise a plurality of wave detector support ⑴, a focus support ⑵, be placed in many wave detector ⑷ on a plurality of wave detector support ⑴, be placed in the iron plate ⑻ of the excite sound waves on the focus support ⑵, iron hammer ⑸, make many wave detectors (4) polycore cable ⑹ in parallel, iron hammer ⑸ and polycore cable ⑹ are connected on the seismograph to be calibrated (3), the iron plate ⑻ that is placed in many wave detector ⑷ on a plurality of wave detector support ⑴ and is placed on the focus support ⑵ is positioned at sustained height, on the unidirectional straight line, iron plate (6) plane is perpendicular to the orientation of wave detector (4);
Described wave detector support ⑴ comprise base (11), perpendicular to the vertical rack (12) of base, be inserted in the adjustment height on support (12) top rule ⑼, be positioned at the horizontal hanging arm (13) on rule ⑼ top and be fixed on the erecting frame (7) of the installation wave detector ⑷ on the horizontal hanging arm (13);
Described focus support ⑵ comprise base (21), perpendicular to the vertical rack (22) of base, be inserted in the adjustment height on support (22) top rule (29), be positioned at the horizontal hanging arm (23) on rule (29) top, described iron plate ⑻ is circular or square, is installed on the horizontal hanging arm (23);
Distance between described two adjacent wave detector support ⑴ is 0.3m～1.0m, and the distance between the adjacent wave detector of the upper iron plate central point distance of focus support ⑵ also is 0.3m～1.0m.
2. the caliberating device for demarcating time measurement precision of engineering seismograph according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the erecting frame (7) of described installation wave detector ⑷ is the outer C jacket ring of opening punching.
3. the caliberating device for demarcating time measurement precision of engineering seismograph according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the number of described wave detector support ⑴ is identical with the road number of seismograph (3) to be calibrated.
4. the caliberating device for demarcating time measurement precision of engineering seismograph according to claim 3 is characterized in that the number of described wave detector support ⑴ is 6,12,24,48 or 96.
5. the caliberating device for demarcating time measurement precision of engineering seismograph according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, distance between described two adjacent wave detector support ⑴ is 0.5m, and the distance between the adjacent wave detector of the upper iron plate central point distance of focus support ⑵ is 0.5 meter.
6. the scaling method of a time measurement precision of engineering seismograph may further comprise the steps:
(1) n wave detector is placed in respectively in the erecting frame of n wave detector support;
(2) regulate the wave detector support, make n wave detector on sustained height, and its minimum altitude should guarantee that the air direct wave is Mintrop wave;
(3) put the wave detector support by equidistant L, and make n wave detector on same straight line and direction consistent;
(4) on the focus support iron plate of hanging oneself, the iron plate plane is perpendicular to the geophone arrangement direction, and the adjacent phone spacing of iron plate central point distance also is L, and remains on same straight line with a said n wave detector;
(5) polycore cable and the iron hammer in parallel with n wave detector is connected on the seismograph to be calibrated, knocks the center of iron plate with iron hammer along the perpendicular direction of geophone arrangement, excite sound waves reads each wave detector sound wave t hourage
1,t
2,t
3, ,t
n, measure simultaneously the temperature T of air, precision to 0.5 ℃;
(6) calculate the judgement calibration result:
A. air-borne sound wave velocity measured value
Take range finding s as ordinate, take each wave detector sound wave t hourage as horizontal ordinate, draw " time-range finding " curve, or obtain regression beeline equation between s and the t with statistical method:
s=a+bt
A, b are regression coefficient to be asked in the formula;
The slope of T-X curve or regression coefficient b are air-borne sound wave velocity measured value V
1
B. air-borne sound wave velocity calculated value
The air-borne sound wave velocity is calculated as follows:
V
2=331.4(1+0.00367T)
1/2
V in the formula
2Air-borne sound wave velocity calculated value, m/s; T is the temperature of air, ℃;
C. the error of air-borne sound wave velocity
Air-borne sound wave velocity measured value V
1With air-borne sound wave velocity calculated value V
2Between relative error δ be calculated as follows:
δ=(V
2-V
1)/ V
2×100%
The δ that calculates is not more than ± and 0.5%, be meeting the demands of the time measurement precision of engineering seismograph demarcated, the δ of calculating is greater than ± 0.5%, is not meeting the demands of the time measurement precision of engineering seismograph demarcated.
7. the scaling method of time measurement precision of engineering seismograph according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the number n of described wave detector support is identical with seismographic road number to be calibrated, and spacing L is 0.3m～1.0m.
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| CN106291752B (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2018-05-29 | 云南航天工程物探检测股份有限公司 | Seismic detector system delay testing method |
| WO2023220919A1 (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2023-11-23 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Calibration method, system and apparatus for low-frequency performance test of all-fiber detector |
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