CN102297830B - Test system and method of fluid non-linear percolation characteristics in low-permeability porous media - Google Patents
Test system and method of fluid non-linear percolation characteristics in low-permeability porous media Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a test system and method of fluid non-linear percolation characteristics in a low-permeability porous media. The test system comprises a plurality of test branches, wherein, each test branch comprises a displacement pressure output unit for providing different pressures to transfer displacing fluid to a test core, a pressure measuring unit for the pressure of the displacingfluid output by the displacement pressure output unit, a flowing unit for accommodating the test core and providing ring crush to the test core, a flow measuring unit for measuring the flow of the displacing fluid flowing through the test core, and a thermostatically control unit for providing a constant ambient temperature for the flowing unit and the flow measuring unit. By adopting the thermostatically control unit, the influence of variation in temperature to the test results is eliminated, so that the test results are accurate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of measurement and test of Fluid Flow in A rule in the porous medium, test macro and the method for the nonlinear of the fluid seepage flow characteristics in the LOW PERMEABILITY POROUS MEDIA.
Background technology
LOW PERMEABILITY POROUS MEDIA, owing to having comparatively complicated pore texture, the stronger features such as solid-liquid interaction, its inner fluid is no longer followed classical Darcy law in the low speed flow process, but presents the non linear fluid flow through porous medium feature.Fig. 1 is the nonlinear of the fluid percolation curve schematic diagram in the typical tight porous media, and it shows two obvious characteristics, has starting pressure gradient (A point) and non linear fluid flow through porous medium section (AD section) that is:.Research to these two features, using the most general method is steady state method, i.e. " pressure reduction-discharge method ", the pseudo-linear section that the method is measured (DE section) is comparatively accurate, during practical application, pseudo-linear section (DE section) reverse extending is obtained starting pressure gradient (C point), and with this as additional drag correction Darcy law, correction result is to instructing conventional LOW PERMEABILITY OILFIELD DEVELOPMENT to play certain positive role, but in the extra-low permeability situation, effect is not good enough; Developed subsequently " capillary equilibrium method ", the method has solved the measurement problem of starting pressure gradient (A point), but still can't obtain non linear fluid flow through porous medium section (AD section).
Domestic published patent documentation CN101852714A has obtained certain progress in the measurement of non-linear section, but the problems such as temperature uniformity at low pressure level pressure, level pressure robotization and guarantee test environment remain deficiency, particularly the temperature uniformity of test environment seems still unimportant to ensureing the accurate of experimental data and stablizing
The inventor finds in realizing process of the present invention, the ring pressure that has been loaded on the rock core increases along with the rising of temperature, and phenomenon is comparatively obvious, because each experimental point test required time of low permeability cores is all longer, if thereby the ambient temperature fluctuation is larger, the fluid micro-flux that can cause testing out changes greatly, brings inconvenience for the measurement of non linear fluid flow through porous medium characteristic curve.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of low-speed non-linear seepage curve test macro and method are provided.By measuring pressure, flow and the time of the different fluid medium steady flow in LOW PERMEABILITY POROUS MEDIA under the low-speed conditions, and then obtain pressure gradient and the flowing velocity of non linear fluid flow through porous medium, finally draw complete non linear fluid flow through porous medium curve.
On the one hand, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of test macro of low-speed non-linear seepage characteristic curve, described test macro comprises many test branch roads, and each bar test branch road comprises: the displacement pressure output unit is used for providing different pressures to transmit displacing fluid to testing rock core; Device for pressure measurement be used for to be measured the pressure of the displacing fluid that the displacement pressure output unit transfers out; Flow device is used for holding testing rock core, and presses for institute's testing rock core provides ring; Flow measurement device is for the flow of the displacing fluid of measuring the described testing rock core of flowing through; Thermostatically-controlled equipment is used to described flow device and described flow measurement device that constant environment temperature is provided.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of method of testing of tight porous media nonlinear of the fluid percolation flow curve, and described method comprises: provide different pressures to transmit displacing fluid to the testing rock core that is contained in the flow device by the displacement pressure output unit; Measure the pressure of the displacing fluid that the displacement pressure output unit transfers out by device for pressure measurement; By the flow through flow of displacing fluid of described testing rock core of flow measurement device measurement; Provide constant environment temperature by thermostatically-controlled equipment for described flow device and described flow measurement device; By data processing equipment according to the described calculation of pressure pressure gradient that measures according to device for pressure measurement, according to the flow rate calculation flow velocity of described flow measurement device measurement, and according to pressure gradient and flow velocity drafting tight porous media nonlinear of the fluid percolation flow curve.
The beneficial effect of the embodiment of the invention is, test macro of the present invention can carry out fully independently non linear fluid flow through porous medium curve test at least 4 samples simultaneously and be independent of each other, and can greatly save the experiment test time thus; And, by adopting thermostatically-controlled equipment to provide constant environment temperature for described flow device and described flow measurement device, can ensure the accurate and stable of experimental data, so that the fluid micro-flux variation is less, be convenient to the measurement of non linear fluid flow through porous medium characteristic curve when measuring for a long time.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art, the below will do one to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art and introduce simply, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes only is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the tight porous media typical non linear percolation flow curve schematic diagram of prior art;
Fig. 2 is the structural drawing of the tight porous media nonlinear of the fluid seepage flow characteristics test macro of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural drawing of the second Output pressure device 9 among Fig. 2 of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural drawing of a preferred embodiment of flow measurement device 18 among Fig. 2 of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the process flow diagram of the method for testing of a kind of tight porous media nonlinear of the fluid of embodiment of the invention percolation flow curve.
Embodiment
For the purpose, technical scheme and the advantage that make the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills belong to the scope of protection of the invention not making the every other embodiment that obtains under the creative work prerequisite.
In the embodiment of the invention, described LOW PERMEABILITY POROUS MEDIA includes but not limited to: rock, soil, fluidized bed rock core etc.The displacing fluid that adopts in the embodiment of the invention includes but not limited to: the aqueous solution such as distilled water, simulated formation water, local water, oilfield injection water and active water also comprise crude oil, kerosene, simulation wet goods.
The embodiment of the invention provides the measuring system of nonlinear of the fluid percolation flow curve in a kind of tight porous media, and pressure and flow when crossing porous medium in order to measure flow finally obtain the nonlinear of the fluid percolation curve according to measurement data.
Fig. 2 is the demonstrative structure schematic diagram according to the measuring system of one embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is the demonstrative structure schematic diagram of the second Output pressure device 9 among Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is the demonstrative structure schematic diagram of flow measurement device 18 among Fig. 2.Below in conjunction with Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of this measuring system is elaborated.
As shown in Figure 2, this measuring system exemplarily is comprised of four identical branch roads, and take the first branch road as example, every test branch road comprises:
The first Output pressure device (1,2,3,4,5,6,7), the second Output pressure device 9, device for pressure measurement (10,11), flow device (17,20), flow measurement device 18, thermostat (13a, 13b).During experiment, the first Output pressure device and the second Output pressure device can only be chosen one wantonly, and the first Output pressure device is the high pressure output unit, and the second Output pressure device is the low-pressure output unit.First, second Output pressure device has consisted of the displacement pressure output unit.
The first Output pressure device (high pressure output unit) comprising: gas cylinder 1, gas cylinder reduction valve 2, valve 3, high-precision gas pressure maintaining valve 4, tensimeter 5, intermediate receptacle 6, valve 7, valve 8 and corresponding associated line (each interelement solid line).The first Output pressure device can solve level pressure and the level pressure automation issues of high pressure.
Gas cylinder 1 links to each other with gas cylinder reduction valve 2, can share for four branch roads, when the required driving pressure of experiment is higher, uses gas cylinder 1 as pressure source, by gas cylinder reduction valve 2 preliminary controlled pressure values to satisfy requirement of experiment; Gas cylinder reduction valve 2 is connected with high-precision gas pressure maintaining valve 4 by pipeline, is provided with by-pass valve control 3 between the two; This by-pass valve control 3 is for opening or close the output to the first test branch road of gas cylinder 1 and gas cylinder reduction valve 2; When a certain test branch road does not need high driving pressure output, can cut off gas cylinder 1 and the output of gas cylinder reduction valve 2 to this test branch road by closing by-pass valve control corresponding to this branch road.This gas pressure maintaining valve 4, be used for further regulating the driving pressure of this test branch road, during experiment, at high-precision gas pressure maintaining valve 4 the required force value of experiment is set, so that for intermediate receptacle 6 provides corresponding driving pressure, as preferably, tensimeter 5 shows the driving pressure that intermediate receptacles 6 obtain, thereby confirms that further it is feasible reliable with gas pressure maintaining valve 4 pressure being set.Where necessary, valve 7 can be used to unload the driving pressure in the intermediate receptacle 6.
Be full of displacing fluid in the intermediate receptacle 6, have two openings, air intake opening 6a and liquid outlet 6b, air intake opening 6a links to each other with high-precision gas pressure maintaining valve 4, gas after 4 pressure regulation of high-precision gas pressure maintaining valve enters intermediate receptacle 6 from air intake opening 6a, internal liquid is displaced from liquid outlet 6b, and liquid outlet 6b links to each other with the inlet 17a of core holding unit 17 by pipeline.Position near liquid outlet 6b on the pipeline of the inlet 17a that connects liquid outlet 6b and core holding unit 17 also is provided with valve 8, be used for contacting of cutoff high power output and back flow process, to prevent that the contingent gas leakage leakage of high pressure output is on the impact of back flow process.
The second Output pressure device (low-pressure output unit) 9 also links to each other with the inlet 17a of core holding unit 17 by pipeline, as shown in Figure 3, this second Output pressure device 9 preferably comprises: displacing fluid returnable 9a, a plurality of level pressure pipe (9b, 9c, 9d, 9e) reach with these a plurality of level pressure pipes distinguishes one to one a plurality of valves (9g, 9h, 9i, 9j) and peristaltic pump 9f.These a plurality of level pressure pipes (9b, 9c, 9d, 9e), be placed in the displacing fluid returnable 9a, one end of each above-mentioned level pressure pipe links to each other with peristaltic pump 9f with valve by pipeline, be full of displacing fluid in the level pressure pipe, be used for providing the head pressure that is associated with self length, during experiment, can only open a level pressure pipe.Each is used for enabling or closing connected level pressure pipe corresponding to the valve of level pressure pipe.This peristaltic pump 9f is used to be activated and in running order level pressure pipe continues to provide displacing fluid, to guarantee the full of level pressure liquid in pipe; Displacing fluid returnable 9a be used for to collect the displacing fluid that overflows in the above-mentioned level pressure pipe, outputs to peristaltic pump 9f by pipeline, for recycling.The second Output pressure device 9 can solve level pressure and the level pressure automation issues of low-pressure.
When carrying out pressure survey, select any one level pressure pipe 9b or 9c or 9d or 9e unlatching by valve (9g, 9h, 9i or 9j), level pressure pipe 9b, 9c, 9d or 9e that peristaltic pump 9f is transported to displacing fluid this unlatching continuously fill to guarantee the fluid in this level pressure pipe, the fluid that overflows flows in the displacing fluid returnable 9a, is recovered to peristaltic pump 9f.The 9A of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is same tie point, for example, if select level pressure pipe 9b that pressure is provided, only need open valve 22 among Fig. 2 and the valve 9g among Fig. 3, because head pressure, just the fluid in the level pressure pipe 9b can flow into core holding unit 17 by valve 9A.Wherein, valve 22, whether be used for control the second pressure apparatus 9 provides pressure to testing rock core.
Device for pressure measurement be used for to be measured the accurate pressure of the displacing fluid that the displacement pressure output unit transfers out; It preferably comprises: the first pressure transducer 10 and the second pressure transducer 11, be arranged between the second Output pressure device 9 and the core holding unit 17, wherein, the range of the first pressure transducer 10 is greater than the range of the second pressure transducer 11, and the measuring accuracy of the second pressure transducer 11 is higher.The first pressure transducer 10, for cooperating the first Output pressure device (1,2,3,4,5,6) and using, if be when selecting the first Output pressure device during i.e. experiment, correspondingly, need select the first pressure transducer 10 of high range, at this moment, the valve 12 of the second pressure transducer 11 of lower range need be closed, to guarantee the safety of low-quantum pressure sensor 11; The second pressure transducer 11, for cooperating the second Output pressure device 9 and using, and when this first Output pressure device (1,2,3,4,5,6) and 10 work of the first pressure transducer, this second pressure transducer 11 is in closed condition in this test branch road; The by-pass valve control 12 of the second pressure transducer 11 is used for opening or closing the second pressure transducer 11.Also namely, when selecting the first pressure transducer 10 of high range, answer valve-off 12, with the safety of the second pressure transducer 11 of ensureing lower range.
Flow device comprises: core holding unit 17, ring press pump 20, ring press table 14 and ring to press the by-pass valve control 15 of table 14.Core holding unit 17 has inlet 17a and liquid outlet 17b, and inlet 17a links to each other with the second Output pressure device 9 with the liquid outlet 6b of intermediate receptacle 6 by pipeline, and the liquid outlet 17b of core holding unit 17 links to each other with flow measurement device 18.Ring press pump 20 is used to the testing rock core of core holding unit interior 17 to provide ring to press; Ring is pressed table 14 and control, and this encircles the valve 15 of pressing table, is used for monitoring the ring pressure of core holding unit 17.Core holding unit 17 inner placements rock core to be tested before the experiment, is preferably pressed by 20 pairs of rock core loaded rings of ring press pump.Considering often has ring to press the phenomenon of decay in the experimentation, valve 15 is set, and can make initial ring pressure value obtain " record ".After valve 21 was opened, ring press pump 20 can be pressed to the rock core clamping loaded ring of an other branch road.Preferably, first and second branch road and third and fourth branch road can share respectively a ring press pump.Enter core holding unit 17 from the liquid of this first or second Output pressure device output by inlet 17a, the rock core inside of flowing through, and flow out to the flow measurement device 18 from liquid outlet 17b.
Consult again Fig. 2, thermostatically-controlled equipment 13, can be four branch roads shares, be divided into two case chamber 13a and 13b, the temperature control of two case chamber 13a and 13b is separately independently, constant temperature oven 13a provides isoperibol for core holding unit 17, and constant temperature oven 13b provides isoperibol for photo-electric micro-flowmeter 18, to ensure the reliable of experimental data.
The advantage of the embodiment of the invention is, this tight porous media nonlinear of the fluid seepage flow characteristics test macro, can be divided into four identical branch roads, the nonlinear characteristic that can finish simultaneously four blocks of rock cores is measured and is independent of each other, and can greatly save the experiment test time thus.
Further, the displacement pressure output unit of every branch road, realized respectively the automatic constant pressure of high displacement pressure and low displacement pressure by high-precision gas pressure maintaining valve and level pressure water column dual mode, so that the pressure limit of experiment test is wider, (usual range) all can satisfy from 0.002MPa to 2MPa.
Further, measure respectively high and low displacement pressure data by calibration device for high range pressure transducer and low-quantum pressure sensor, be conducive to improve pressure measurement accuracy.
Further, by the photo-electric micro-flowmeter as measuring measurement mechanism, it is connected with the liquid outlet of core holding unit by pipeline, preset the length that displacing fluid is flowed through in the glass tube of micro-flowmeter, spend the required time of this length by the electronic timer recorded stream, and then the Fluid Computation flow velocity, being conducive to improve the flow measurement precision, test result is more reliable.
Further, by the thermostatically-controlled equipment that is formed by two case chambers, control respectively the environment temperature of core clamping device and the environment temperature of flow measurement device, be conducive to ensure the reliability of test result, eliminated the impact of temperature fluctuation on test result.
Further, this system has realized integrated, but integrated moving has been exempted dismounting, the packing problem of instrument, saves human and material resources.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of method of work based on above-mentioned test macro.Fig. 5 is the process flow diagram of method of testing of a kind of tight porous media nonlinear of the fluid percolation flow curve of the embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 5, the method comprises:
Alternatively, Fig. 5 method also comprises: for the testing rock core loaded ring in the core holding unit is pressed, to testing required value.
Alternatively, the detailed process of step 110 can comprise: select the first Output pressure device or the second Output pressure device according to the required displacement pressure of experiment, the displacing fluid that has different pressures by the output of the first Output pressure device or the second Output pressure device is by the testing rock core of pipeline transmission to the core holding unit; Wherein, the pressure of the first Output pressure device output is higher than the pressure of the second Output pressure device output.
Alternatively, the detailed process of step 120 can comprise: when selecting described the first Output pressure device, enable the displacement pressure that the first pressure transducer is measured fluid in the described testing rock core, and close the second pressure transducer; Perhaps, when selecting described the second Output pressure device, enable the displacement pressure that the second pressure transducer is measured fluid in the described testing rock core; Wherein, the range of the first pressure transducer is greater than the range of the second pressure transducer.
Alternatively, the detailed process of step 130 can comprise: by the photo-electric micro-flowmeter, and the length that predetermined fluid flows through in glass tube, and the record fluid flows through the spent time of described length.The mathematic(al) representation of abideing by Darcy's law is used the length and the time that obtain, just can draw " flow velocity-pressure gradient " relation curve of Fluid Flow in A.
For illustrating further the operating process of nonlinear of the fluid percolation flow curve measuring system in the tight porous media, existing row are explained for two example two:
Embodiment 1: the discrete data under the high displacement pressure is measured
With rock core oil washing to be measured, dry in advance, and the saturation simulation local water;
Before the experiment beginning, all valves are in closed condition;
With being full of simulated formation water in the intermediate receptacle 6, the rock core of getting ready is positioned in the core holding unit 17, open valve 15,16,19, be rock core loaded ring pressure in the core holding unit 17 with ring press pump 20, press table 14 to monitor ring pressure value from ring, until reach standard, valve-off 16,19 then;
According to the experiment needs, for reduction valve 2 tentatively arranges a force value, then set accurate experimental pressure value by high-precision gas pressure maintaining valve 4;
Start constant temperature oven 13, the temperature of case chamber 13a is set, close chamber door, wait for peacefully temperature and rise to preset value;
Start flow process, displacing fluid is circulated continuously, observe the reading of calibration device for high range pressure transducer 10, until numerical stability proves to reach the stable state single-phase flow;
Wait for peacefully, until liquid-gas interface A catches up with to liquid-gas interface inductor 18b, pilot lamp B lights again, electronic timer 18e automatic pause timing this moment;
Read reading and record on calibration device for high range pressure transducer 10 this moment, electron displacement display 18b and the electronic timer 18e, at this moment, a discrete point experiment is finished;
Reset the accurate experimental pressure value of high-precision gas pressure maintaining valve 4, repeat above-mentioned steps, and then obtain the series of discrete data.
Embodiment 2: the discrete data under the low displacement pressure is measured
With rock core oil washing to be measured, dry in advance, and the saturation simulation local water;
Before the experiment beginning, all valves are in closed condition;
The rock core of getting ready being positioned in the core holding unit 17, opening valve 15,16,19, be that rock core loaded ring in the core holding unit 17 is pressed with ring press pump 20, presses table 14 to monitor from ring and encircles the pressure value, until reach standard, valve- off 16,19;
According to the experiment needs, open one required among valve 9g, 9h, 9i, the 9j, for example open valve 9j, at this moment, guarantee that other valves 9g, 9h, 9i close, start peristaltic pump 9f, at this moment, level pressure pipe 9e has water to overflow continuously;
Whether unimpededly observe flow process, after confirming not leak part, for core holding unit 17 is got rid of the air that may exist;
Start constant temperature oven 13, the temperature of case chamber 13a and case chamber 13b is set respectively, close chamber door separately, wait for peacefully temperature and rise to preset value;
Start flow process, displacing fluid is circulated continuously, observe the reading of low-quantum pressure sensor 11, until numerical stability proves to reach the stable state single-phase flow;
Wait for peacefully, until liquid-gas interface A catches up with to liquid-gas interface inductor 18b, pilot lamp B lights again, electronic timer 18e automatic pause timing this moment;
Read reading and record on low-quantum pressure sensor 11 this moment, electron displacement display 18d and the electronic timer 18e, at this moment, a discrete point experiment is finished;
Reselect level pressure pipe 9b, 9c, 9d, repeat above-mentioned steps, and then obtain the series of discrete data.
Embodiment 3: nonlinear curve is drawn
A series of pressure, displacement and the time value of utilizing embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 to measure, the application data handling implement just can be drawn " flow velocity-pressure gradient " relation curve.Particularly, in " flow velocity-pressure gradient " relation curve, because the glass tubule cracking pressure of photoelectricity micro-flowmeter 18 is atmospheric pressure, so pressure gradient equals the reading of calibration device for high range pressure transducer 10 or low-pressure sensor 11 and the ratio of rock core length, that is:
GradP is pressure gradient (unit: MPa/m); P is the reading (unit: MPa) of calibration device for high range pressure transducer 10 or low-pressure sensor 11; L is rock core length (unit: m).It is the glass tubule 18a inner fluid volume of electron displacement display 18d reading and the ratio of electronic timer 18e reading that flow velocity equals length, and acquired results is again divided by the rock core volume, that is:
V is that (unit: m/s), r is that (unit: m), l is the reading of electron displacement display 18d for the inside radius of glass tubule 18a to flow velocity; T is electronic timer 18e reading (unit: s); R is rock core radius (unit: m); L is rock core length (unit: m).
To on data processing tools, curve plotting figure gets final product with a series of data of gradP and v; DE section fitting a straight line, then extension obtains the starting pressure gradient; The AD section can adopt multiple match mode, usually adopts the quadratic function match, just can reach promising result, and the focus of fitting function and pressure gradient axle is the starting pressure gradient.
" flow velocity-pressure gradient " relation curve, starting pressure gradient and starting pressure gradient that the embodiment of the invention obtains, can be used for setting up multiple seepage flow mathematical models such as non-linear flow mathematical model of reservoir, pseudo-linear flow mathematical model, and then being used for the research of the aspects such as the effective development degree of fluid, pressure distribution, production capacity and production decline rule of research tight porous media, application prospect is very extensive.
The special positive curve test macro of nonlinear of the fluid seepage flow and method have the following advantages in the LOW PERMEABILITY POROUS MEDIA of the embodiment of the invention:
1, adopt high and low pressure output unit and corresponding high and low range pressure sensor, solved the automatic constant pressure problem of high-low pressure, so that the pressure limit of experiment test is wider, (usual range) all can satisfy from 0.002MPa to 2MPa;
2, designed two chambers constant temperature oven, the thermostatic control of two Room is independent separately, has eliminated the impact of temperature fluctuation on test result;
3, adopt the photo-electric micro-flowmeter, guaranteed the accuracy of micro-flow measurement, test result is more reliable;
4, system by four separately independent but identical branch road form, thereby can carry out simultaneously the experiment test work of four samples time and be independent of each other, can greatly save the experiment test time thus;
5, system realized integrated, but integrated moving has been exempted dismounting, the packing problem of instrument, saves human and material resources.
Above embodiment only in order to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention to be described, is not intended to limit; Although with reference to previous embodiment the embodiment of the invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be made amendment to the technical scheme that aforementioned each embodiment puts down in writing, and perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement; And these modifications or replacement do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution break away from the spirit and scope of each embodiment technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. a tight porous media nonlinear of the fluid seepage flow characteristics test macro is characterized in that, described test macro comprises many test branch roads, and each bar test branch road comprises:
The displacement pressure output unit is used for providing different pressures to transmit displacing fluid to testing rock core;
Device for pressure measurement be used for to be measured the pressure of the displacing fluid that the displacement pressure output unit transfers out;
Flow device is used for holding testing rock core, and presses for institute's testing rock core provides ring;
Flow measurement device is for the flow of the displacing fluid of measuring the described testing rock core of flowing through;
Thermostatically-controlled equipment is used to described flow device and described flow measurement device that constant environment temperature is provided;
Wherein, described displacement pressure output unit comprises:
The first Output pressure device comprises the gas cylinder, gas cylinder reduction valve, valve, gas pressure maintaining valve and the intermediate receptacle that connect successively by pipeline; Described gas cylinder is used for as pressure source; Described gas cylinder reduction valve is used for controlling the pressure of described gas cylinder output to testing required force value; Described valve is for opening or close the output to described test branch road of described gas cylinder and described gas cylinder reduction valve; Described gas pressure maintaining valve is used for further regulating the driving pressure of described test branch road, in order to provide corresponding driving pressure for described intermediate receptacle; Described intermediate receptacle, inner hollow has air intake opening and liquid outlet to hold displacing fluid;
The second Output pressure device links to each other with described flow device with pipeline by valve; Described the second Output pressure device comprises: displacing fluid returnable, a plurality of level pressure pipe, with described a plurality of level pressure pipes one to one a plurality of valves and peristaltic pump; Described a plurality of level pressure pipe is placed in the described displacing fluid returnable, and an end of each described level pressure pipe links to each other with described peristaltic pump with valve by pipeline, is full of displacing fluid in the described level pressure pipe, is used for providing the head pressure that is associated with self length; Each is used for enabling or closing connected level pressure pipe corresponding to the valve of level pressure pipe; Described peristaltic pump is used to each described level pressure pipe to continue to provide displacing fluid; Described displacing fluid returnable be used for to be collected the displacing fluid that overflows in the described level pressure pipe, outputs to peristaltic pump by pipeline, so that recycling.
2. tight porous media nonlinear of the fluid seepage flow characteristics test macro according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described device for pressure measurement comprises:
The by-pass valve control of the first pressure transducer, the second pressure transducer and the second pressure transducer; Wherein, the range of the first pressure transducer is greater than the second pressure transducer;
Described the first pressure transducer uses for cooperating the first Output pressure device;
Described the second pressure transducer be used for to cooperate the second Output pressure device and uses, and in described test branch road when described the first Output pressure device and described the first pressure transducer are worked, described the second pressure transducer is in closed condition;
The by-pass valve control of described the second pressure transducer is used for opening or closing described the second pressure transducer.
3. tight porous media nonlinear of the fluid seepage flow characteristics test macro according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described flow device comprises: core holding unit, ring press pump, ring press table and ring to press the by-pass valve control of table;
Described core holding unit has inlet and liquid outlet, and described inlet links to each other with described the second Output pressure device with the liquid outlet of described intermediate receptacle by pipeline, and the liquid outlet of described core holding unit links to each other with described flow measurement device;
Described ring press pump is used to the testing rock core in the described core holding unit to provide ring to press;
Described ring presses table and the described ring of control to press the valve of table, is used for monitoring the ring pressure of described core holding unit.
4. tight porous media nonlinear of the fluid seepage flow characteristics test macro according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described flow measurement device comprises the photo-electric micro-flowmeter, described flow device comprises core holding unit, described core holding unit has inlet and liquid outlet, described photo-electric micro-flowmeter links to each other with the liquid outlet of described core holding unit, is used for measuring the fluid flow under the different pressures;
Described photo-electric micro-flowmeter comprises: glass tubule, liquid-gas interface inductor, scale, electron displacement display and timer;
One end of described glass tubule is fixed in the liquid outlet of described core holding unit, and the fluid that the liquid outlet of described core holding unit transfers out circulates in described glass tubule;
The chi face of described scale indicates scale, is used for weighing displacement, and described scale is parallel with described glass tubule;
Described electron displacement display is sleeved on the described scale to slide along described scale, and shows the displacement of sliding;
Described liquid-gas interface inductor is fixed on the described electron displacement display, slides along described scale with described electron displacement display; Described liquid-gas interface inductor has the level perforation of perforation, and described glass tubule passes from described level perforation; The both sides of described level perforation are furnished with respectively radiated element and receiving element, described radiated element and described receiving element continue to launch and receive, when the liquid-gas interface in the described glass tubule when passing through between described radiated element and the described receiving element, described receiving element is sensed the variation of signal, triggers the pilot lamp that is arranged on the described liquid-gas interface inductor and lights;
Described timer is associated with described liquid-gas interface inductor, and when described liquid-gas interface display was sensed the variation of signal, described timer was opened timing or time out.
5. tight porous media nonlinear of the fluid seepage flow characteristics test macro according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described thermostatically-controlled equipment comprises:
Constant temperature oven for described many test branch roads share, is used for providing the isothermal experiments environment.
6. tight porous media nonlinear of the fluid seepage flow characteristics test macro according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described flow device comprises core holding unit, and described flow measurement device comprises the photo-electric micro-flowmeter; Described constant temperature oven comprises separately independently two case chambers, and one of them case chamber provides isoperibol for described core holding unit, and another case chamber provides isoperibol for described photo-electric micro-flowmeter.
7. the method for testing of a tight porous media nonlinear of the fluid percolation flow curve is characterized in that, described method comprises:
For the testing rock core loaded ring in the core holding unit is pressed, to testing required value;
Provide different pressures to transmit displacing fluid to the testing rock core that is contained in the flow device by the displacement pressure output unit; Describedly provide different pressures to transmit displacing fluid to the testing rock core that is contained in the flow device by the displacement pressure output unit, comprise: select the first Output pressure device or the second Output pressure device according to the required displacement pressure of experiment, the displacing fluid that has different pressures by the output of the first Output pressure device or the second Output pressure device is by the testing rock core of pipeline transmission to the core holding unit; Wherein, the pressure of the first Output pressure device output is higher than the pressure of the second Output pressure device output;
Measure the pressure of the displacing fluid that the displacement pressure output unit transfers out by device for pressure measurement; The described pressure of measuring the displacing fluid that the displacement pressure output unit transfers out by device for pressure measurement, comprise: when selecting described the first Output pressure device, enable the first pressure transducer and measure the displacement pressure of fluid in the described testing rock core, and close the second pressure transducer; Perhaps, when selecting described the second Output pressure device, enable the displacement pressure that the second pressure transducer is measured fluid in the described testing rock core; Wherein, the range of the first pressure transducer is greater than the range of the second pressure transducer;
By the flow through flow of displacing fluid of described testing rock core of flow measurement device measurement; Described by the flow through flow of displacing fluid of described testing rock core of flow measurement device measurement, comprising: by the photo-electric micro-flowmeter, the length that predetermined fluid flows through in glass tube, and the record fluid flows through the spent time of described length;
Provide constant environment temperature by thermostatically-controlled equipment for described flow device and described flow measurement device;
The calculation of pressure pressure gradient that measures according to described device for pressure measurement by data processing equipment, according to the flow rate calculation flow velocity of described flow measurement device measurement, and according to pressure gradient and flow velocity drafting tight porous media nonlinear of the fluid percolation flow curve.
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