CN102294435B - Method for casting and producing shot blasting machine blade based on firing mold on composite shell with utilization of chilled surface layer paint - Google Patents
Method for casting and producing shot blasting machine blade based on firing mold on composite shell with utilization of chilled surface layer paint Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention, which belongs to the metal wear resistant part and casting technology field, more particularly relates to a method for casting and producing a shot blasting machine blade based on firing mold on a composite shell with utilization of chilled surface layer paint. The method comprises the following steps: manufacture on a wax mould; manufacture on a pouring gate mould; renovation of the wax mould; assembly and welding of the wax mould; dewaxing; and roasting. The method is characterized in that a step of coating paint on a composite shell is added between the step of assembly and welding of the wax mould and the step of dewaxing. The added step comprises particularly the following steps: coating silica solution surface layer paint on surface layer type shell of the composite shell and coating water glass reinforcing layer paint on a back layer shell. According to the shot blasting machine blade produced by the method, a mechanical property of the blade is improved, so that service life of the blade is improved; meanwhile, an amorphous glass phase is formed between the shell and the casting surface, so that it is convenient for the amorphous glass phase to be shed from the casting surface during cleaning sand.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the casting technology field of wear-resistant metal piece, be specifically related to a kind of method that shot blast machine blade is produced in coating model casting that applies on composite shell.
Background technology
Since the 30's of last century U.S. Wei Erbeilaite (wheelabrator) company makes the First shot-blasting machine in the world, shot-blasting machine generally is used for the peeling of foundry goods, its application of now constantly enlarges, and has been widely used in the processing of the metallic article of the industries such as casting, forging, heat treatment, shipbuilding, steel construction, pipeline corrosion protection, bridge.Along with the expansion of shot-blasting machine range of application, all trades and professions require more and more higher to the serviceability of shot-blasting machine.
Impeller head directly depends on blade in its quality and service life as the critical component of shot-blasting machine.Blade is part the most easy to wear in shot-blasting machine, is also the very large consumable accessory of consumption in machinery industry, it service life the alloy material and the utilization of fund and the production efficiency of shot-blasting machine have a great impact.Be in during due to blade working in the impeller of High Rotation Speed, should bear the wearing and tearing of shot abrasive material, bear again the erosive wear of high speed ball stream, under these two kinds of form wearing and tearing, whether blade is durable, except outside the Pass the material with blade has, also has closely with the manufacture method of blade to contact.For the ability of sheet anti impact wear-proof in improving, require material not only to have higher hardness, also should have enough toughness.
In order to improve the service life of blade, people have carried out a large amount of work, mainly concentrate on the optimal design to the material of making blade, the rotten processing and heat treatment.the manufacture method of shot blast machine blade, reason due to the cost aspect, still adopt now the method for casting, although there are some blades to adopt rolling method both at home and abroad, for example: CN 93121286.3 has introduced the milling method of white iron shot blast machine blade, this invention white cast-iron blade, available continuous casting is produced the white cast-iron strand, guarantee in the operation of rolling that carbide is fully broken, dense structure, has maximum intensity, toughness and wear resistence, compare with cast blade, impact flexibility improves 1.85～2.66 times, hardness average out to HRC60, wear resistence improves 3～5 times, has cost low, productivity ratio is high, the advantages such as long service life.But because the cost of this technique is higher, be not promoted.
CN200420114136 discloses a kind of high-chromium wear-proof cast iron blade, this blade is rectangle tabular, 10 millimeters of wall thickness, its up and down two sides are two-sided, and the cross section is all arranged is the webbing that adds of " work " word shape, and the protuberance in " L " shape cross section is also arranged respectively in the left, center, right section that adds webbing; The center of blade and appearance hardness are even, and hardness is higher than 64HRC; Carbide in the metallographic structure of blade product all is (Fe, Cr) 7C3 form.
CN200510013528, this invention relates to paver blade rich chromium cast iron, and the production technology of this blade is provided.The percentage by weight of this leaf chemical ingredient is C2.1-3.6, Si0.9, Mn1.1-1.5, P0.03, S0.03, Cr12-17, Mo less than or equal to 1.5, Cu less than or equal to 1.0, rare earth alloy and rare alloy less than or equal to 1.5, all the other are iron.Production technology adopts the production of moulding machine mechanized continuous productive process, with resin sand or coal dust sand molding process, and two of single-sided pattern plates one case, helical blade tile edging is become by iron core, and iron core is cast in advance.
CN200510096337, this invention provides a kind of hypereutectic high chromium cast iron and manufacture method thereof, with the Wet Parts of slurry pump of hypereutectic high chromium cast iron manufacturing.The preparation method adopts the rotten method refinement primary carbide of processing of late inoculation, and the particles such as TiN, NbN that in bag, the intermediate alloy of inovulant contains increase the number of nuclei of primary carbide as the matrix that promotes the primary carbide forming core.Rare earth, magnesium and potassium etc. are enriched in the surface of primary carbide, make its refinement, group's nodularization.The effect of random inoculant is greatly to accelerate solidifying of alloy, makes primary carbide have little time to grow up, thereby reaches the purpose of refinement primary carbide.
CN200910042839 has invented a kind of high-chromium cast iron composite wear-resistant material that is used in the industries such as mine, cement, brickmaking, electric power, metallurgy, is made of basic unit, transition zone, wearing layer, and described basic unit is mild steel; Transition zone is copper alloy; Wearing layer is rich chromium cast iron.
CN101670559 has invented a kind of shot blasting machine wear-resistant blade and preparation method thereof, is obtained through forge hot processing, the tough processing of water and high-energy planetary ball mill by the shot blasting machine wear-resistant blade of casting.How on rational alloying basis, the blade that casts out high-wearing feature is the bottleneck place of present blade casting.Have been found that casting flaw is large far beyond the impact of material on the impact of leaf longevity, same material, different casting techniques, the life-span gap of the blade of producing is very large.
In the manufacturing of shot blast machine blade, research finds that directional solidification can obtain dendrite and the issue of carbide tissue perpendicular to working face, and this wearability to blade is highly beneficial.Use chill in sand casting, the oriented freezing organization in order to obtain being similar to exactly, but due to the blade dimensions low precision of sand casting, surface roughness is high, fully superseded abroad, use special casting technique instead, for example model casting production, and domestic be substantially all also to adopt sand casting now, and be green-sand casting, although chill is also arranged, although composition with there is no what gap abroad, but do not increase the service life of blade exactly, and probably casting technique is a more crucial factor.
About making the material of shot blast machine blade, people reach common understanding, and rich chromium cast iron is optimal selection, still, how effectively to bring into play the high-wearing feature of rich chromium cast iron, it is found that the case hardness that improves shot blast machine blade is a simple and effective method.Be subjected to chrome ore to be used for the inspiration of sand Quench coating, the chrome ore powder is applied to model casting, replace silica flour, obtained extraordinary effect.
As previously mentioned, the shot blast machine blade materials of rich chromium cast iron that adopt is now cast more, and a large amount of case hardness height that experiment showed, blade have the impact of highly significant on the blade wearability, in a certain sense, the case hardness higher position of blade shows that the wearability of blade is high.So in the casting of blade, people manage to improve the case hardness of blade from various measures, indirectly improve the wearability of blade with this:
(1) add various alloying elements, such as: Mo, Ni, V, Ti, B, Nb, Cu, W, Re etc.;
(2) high-alloying, the addition of alloying element is more and more higher, and for example, the content of chromium element has brought up to 20%, 23%, 25%, 27% by 15%, and even 30%;
(3) the rotten processing of rich chromium cast iron adopts various alterants to the rich chromium cast iron processing of going bad, to changing the anti-wear performance of rich chromium cast iron;
(4) adopt the special process means, for example, place internal densener etc. in casting mold.
These above several measures have certain effect to the wearability that improves shot blast machine blade, but (1), (2), (3) are owing to having increased cost, the performance that but might not obtain to envision; (4) be economical, effective for the wearability that improves wearing piece, but be not suitable for full form casting process.
Produce shot blast machine blade with full form casting process, although above advantage is arranged, but because the shell of model casting is that the refractory materials such as quartz sand powder or mullite sand are made as binding agents such as fire-resistant base material interpolation Ludox or waterglass, the thermal conductivity extreme difference, this also just inevitably causes the case hardness of the shot blast machine blade that this method produces low, wears no resistance.
Summary of the invention
in order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of method that shot blast machine blade is produced in coating model casting that applies on composite shell, the method is to have increased the step that applies coating on composite shell to come founding to produce shot blast machine blade on existing methodical basis, pour into a mould take the chrome ore powder as base-material in the Ludox investment precoat, the high-temperature metal surface has been produced Quench, not only accelerated the cooled and solidified speed of foundry goods, and make the crystal grain of foundry goods fined because of Quench, to improve the mechanical property of shot blast machine blade, thereby improve the service life of shot blast machine blade.
The present invention realizes by following technical scheme:
A kind of method that applies coating model casting production shot blast machine blade on composite shell, comprise following step: wax-pattern is made, gating pattern is made, the wax-pattern trimming, wax-pattern assembly welding, dewaxing, roasting, it is characterized in that, the method also is included between wax-pattern assembly welding and dewaxing has increased on composite shell the step that applies coating, and this step specifically is included on the surface shell of composite shell and applies the waterglass reinforced layered slurry on silicon-coating colloidal sol investment precoat and backing layer shell.
The Ludox investment precoat is to contain Cr
2O
3, SiO
2, CaO the chrome ore powder be fire-resistant base material, the chrome ore Powder Particle Size is 325 orders, in the chrome ore powder, the content of each component is: Cr
2O
3Content is not less than 45 %, SiO
2Content is not more than 1%, CaO content and is not more than 1%, and the moisture of chrome ore powder after oven dry under 105 ℃ is not more than 1.7%.
Chrome ore powder and Ludox parts by weight ratio are 3～4:1.
Above said Ludox investment precoat viscosity is in the scope of 12-15s.
Also contain the wetting agent that accounts for investment precoat gross weight 0.5～1.0% in investment precoat, said wetting agent is at least a in n-butanol, JFC, and investment precoat applies 3 layers at least, to increase the Quench performance of surface layer.
Waterglass back-up coat refractory aggregate as backing layer coating is mullite sand, and the granularity of mullite sand is 80/120 and 30/60, and its purity is: 85 %, the waterglass back-up coat applies 2～3 layers, to improve the cooling capacity of shell, improve the case hardness of blade, improve the wearability of blade with this.
the most outstanding characteristics of the present invention are, having increased the step that applies coating on composite shell on existing methodical basis comes founding to produce shot blast machine blade, namely apply the waterglass reinforced layered slurry on silicon-coating colloidal sol investment precoat on the surface shell of composite shell and backing layer shell, pour into a mould take the chrome ore powder as base-material in the Ludox investment precoat, heat conduction due to chromite sand, heat storage coefficients etc. are all larger, the high-temperature metal surface has been produced Quench, its effect is equivalent to surperficial chill, it has not only accelerated the cooled and solidified speed of foundry goods, and make the crystal grain of foundry goods fined because of Quench, improved the mechanical property of blade, thereby improved the service life of blade.Simultaneously, because the thermal conductivity factor of chromite sand and heat storage coefficient etc. are all higher, therefore cooling velocity is fast, make the quick cooled and solidified of metal on foundry goods top layer, this moment is surperficial at metal and shell, the low melting point product such as formed a small amount of fayalite, also solidify rapidly along with the quick cooling of molten metal when high temperature is poured into a mould.Because cooled and solidified speed is very fast, thereby formed amorphous glassy phase between shell and cast(ing) surface, therefore just be easy to come off from cast(ing) surface when sand removal.
Therefore, the shot blast machine blade that adopts method of the present invention to produce, be its anti-wear performance should impact resistance all than the shot blast machine blade of producing under prior art will, and the shot blast machine blade that produce than the method for prior art the service life of the shot blast machine blade produced of method of the present invention is long.
Why the present invention adopts full form casting process, and reason is as follows:
(1) in order to improve the surface quality of shot blast machine blade, reduce the blade surface roughness, reduce the frictional force between abrasive material and blade;
(2) in order to improve the quality precision of blade casting, guarantee that the quality error of blade is within 5% scope.As everyone knows, the impeller head High Rotation Speed of shot-blasting machine, band moving vane high-speed rotation, dynamic balancing there is extremely strict requirement, if the quality of one group of blade (normally 8) differs greatly, for example of poor qualityly surpass 5%, just make the running of shot-blasting machine impeller head produce serious imbalance, cause the work of shot-blasting machine to occur abnormal.In order to make shot-blasting machine normal operation, one group of blade that the quality of having to again more renew is close, this has increased production cost on the one hand, on the other hand, also reduces the effective time of shot-blasting machine, has reduced operating efficiency.Adopt full form casting process, can so that the quality error of blade 0.1%～0.2%, this quality error than the blade of sand casting is much accurate, and, the surface roughness of the blade of essence casting obviously lowers, and this is extremely effective to the coefficient of friction that reduces abrasive material and blade.
The present invention selects the chrome ore powder as the fire-resistant base material of the investment precoat of Compound Ceramic Shell in Investment Casting, be because chromite sand has following characteristics: chromite sand (FeOCr:O) is the opaque mineral of black or streak brown, semimetallic lustre, its Mohs' hardness 5.5～6.5, density 4.3～4.8 g/cm
3Chromite sand is processed by natural chromite ore.Natural chromite ore by spinelle and gangue mutually two parts form, these two parts normally are blended directly in together.Spinelle is (MgFe) (A1 Cr)
20
4, gangue is serpentine (FeMg)
3Si:O, (OH)
4, i.e. aquation silicon magnesium, quantity can reach 2%～4%.This class impurity is the form appearance with forsterite, quartz, chlorite and pyroxene.
Chromite sand is applied in following advantage is arranged in casting:
1) chromite has good Quench characteristic, promotes directional solidification and need not use chill;
2) chromite sand by the particulate sintering, is accompanied by chilling action and high residue calorific intensity, has eliminated metal penetration;
Need to use for reference the internal densener technology in sand casting in model casting, the most outstanding characteristics of the present invention just are to adopt the investment precoat with chilling action to be coated on composite shell, make the metal liquid can be cooling fast, thereby chilling metal liquefaction, the performance of the shot blast machine blade of institute's founding in the raising composite shell.
Its concrete processing step of method of the present invention is:
Molten iron is melting → wax-pattern making → gating pattern making → wax-pattern trimming → wax-pattern assembly welding → surface shell making → backing layer shell making → dewaxing → roasting.
Above said molten iron is melting, wax-pattern making, gating pattern making, wax-pattern trimming, wax-pattern assembly welding, face, dewaxing, roasting are the step of prior art, the difference of the present invention and prior art is, has increased the step that applies respectively coating on surface shell and backing layer shell.
When surface shell is made, using silica-sol wash is coated on surface shell, apply at least 3 layers, to increase the Quench performance of surface layer.Using silica-sol wash is take granularity as the fire-resistant base material of 325 purpose chrome ore powder as coating, and this particle size fraction base-material both had been conducive to be suspended in colloid, was conducive to again improve the rheological characteristic of coating; Chrome ore powder and Ludox weight proportion ratio are 3～4:1, make the thixotropy of coating and rheological characteristic all better; Add Ludox in the investment precoat agitator, the turn on agitator power supply begins to stir, and adds subsequently chromite ore fine to continue to stir 45～60 minutes; Control viscosity in the scope of 12-15s, FORD CUP No.6 cup; Add that to account for coating quality percentage be that 0.5～1.0% n-butanol is in coating;
After investment precoat applies and completes, then apply waterglass mullite sand reinforcing coating on the backing layer shell, increase investment shell intensity; Waterglass back-up coat, the granularity of mullite sand are 80/120 and 30/60, and its purity is: 85%, apply layer 2-3, and to improve the cooling capacity of shell, improve the wearability of blade with this.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is, adopted the above method that applies coating on composite shell to come founding to produce shot blast machine blade, adopt after the cast of chrome ore powder the high-temperature metal surface has been produced Quench, not only accelerated the cooled and solidified speed of foundry goods, and make the crystal grain of foundry goods fined because of Quench, improved the mechanical property of blade, thereby improved the service life of blade.Simultaneously, because the thermal conductivity factor of chromite sand and heat storage coefficient etc. are all higher, therefore cooling velocity is fast, make the quick cooled and solidified of metal on foundry goods top layer, this moment is surperficial at metal and shell, the low melting point product such as formed a small amount of fayalite, also solidify rapidly along with the quick cooling of molten metal when high temperature is poured into a mould.Because cooled and solidified speed is very fast, thereby formed amorphous glassy phase between shell and cast(ing) surface, therefore just be easy to come off from cast(ing) surface when sand removal.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the specific embodiment, the present invention is further described, so that those skilled in the art more understands the present invention, but does not therefore limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) molten iron is melting: with steel scrap, high carbon ferro-chrome, molybdenum-iron, add in induction furnace, furnace charge is fully molten clear, adds cathode copper, comes out of the stove front 5～10 minutes, adds rare-earth silicon alloy, comes out of the stove 1500 ℃ of left and right; Through spectrum analysis, its chemical composition following (mass fraction, %):
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | Cu |
| 3.23 | 0.78 | 0.73 | 0.021 | 0.02 | 20.47 | 0.71 | 0.85 |
(2) Shell Preparation:
(1) wax-pattern is made:
Take out the wax cylinder from heat preservation tank, be contained on double hydraulic pressure wax mold die casting machine, should remove wax material Air and hard wax before using;
Mould is placed on the press injector work top locates, check whether all fuses of mould positions is correct, and mould casting mouth and press injector are penetrated hawfinch and whether aligned;
Check whether mould open/close is smooth;
Open mould, the parting compound of spray thin layer;
Adjust the circulation of press injector time, comprise injection pressure, injection temperature, dwell time, cool time.
Each circulation is complete, extracts fuse out, opens mould, carefully takes out wax-pattern, puts on request cooling water or tray.Note having the wax-pattern of lower column defects to scrap: A is because being involved in air in the mould material, and the wax-pattern part has heaves; There is unfilled corner at any position of B wax-pattern; The C wax-pattern has distortion simply not repair; The D size is against regulation;
Remove residual mould material on mould, attention can only be used the bamboo cutter, and unavailable metal blade is removed residual mould material, prevents that mold cavity and die joint are impaired.
Closed die carries out compacting next time wax-pattern.Mould is finished using, and uses soft cloth or swab stick cleaning mould, uses the good mould of screw fastening.
As find that mould has damage or undesired, should process immediately.
(2) gating pattern is made:
Be that the die head mould is placed on the Dual-station pneumatic wax mold die casting machine with the running channel of required making, whether inspection mould casting mouth and press injector are penetrated hawfinch and are aligned;
Check whether mould open/close is smooth;
Open mould, the thin one deck parting compound that gushs is put nut, closed die;
Adjust the circulation of press injector time;
Each compacting circulation is complete, extracts fuse out, opens mould, carefully takes out running channel (die head) wax-pattern, notes defective should scrapping;
Remove residual mould material on mould;
Closed die is suppressed next time;
Mould is finished using, should mold cleaning is clean.
(3) wax-pattern trimming:
Get standing 3-6 hour, significant dimensions has been detected qualified wax-pattern;
Check that these wax-patterns have zero defect, defective should rejecting;
Repair a die;
The residual limit of removing on wax-pattern is crossed or die parting line, carefully and gently reams overlap or die parting line with the edge of a knife of blade along wax-pattern, must not damage wax-pattern, also can directly use cloth to wipe with to thin-sheet and remove;
The wax-pattern recess is repaired, and has large and long and narrow recess to use on wax-pattern and repairs the wax reparation, repaiies the rear surface smooth;
On bubble repairing wax-pattern, all bubbles must be needled, and with repairing the wax reparation, repair rear shape and want correct;
The current mark reparation is gently wiped the current mark place with inhaling the cotton that trichloro-ethylene is arranged, and to remove current mark, notes not injuring wax-pattern itself;
Edge Tao Xin, to the wax-pattern of some edge Tao Xin, care should be used to Tao Xin is slipped into molten (wax) nib hole.Must avoid the acute angle scratch wax-pattern on Tao Xin;
With cotton yarn or suction have the cotton of trichloro-ethylene gently to wipe the wax-pattern greasy dirt and the wax that speckles with quiet;
The wax-pattern of fixing should be placed on request and send the module weld in tray, and is stand-by.
(4) wax-pattern assembly welding:
All wax-patterns are carried out visual examination again, reject defective work;
Surely first select the cast gate kind by the casting process calliper;
The cast gate wax-pattern is endured strict scrutiny, reject distortion, hollow and nut not on the person of putting in place.To have bubble and crack still can with the cast gate wax-pattern use flatiron and repair wax and mend, weld tight;
Before the hook cover plate, must remove be coated with slip, sand grains on cover plate clean on cup.After upper cover plate, with the weldering cutter, that gap weldering between cover plate and running channel is tight.Stamp grade of steel at the cup lateral surface;
, be welded on running channel the place's heating of wax-pattern ingate with ferrochrome, weld is wanted firmly, and is neat, and the gap must not be arranged.Note flatiron, must not touch the wax-pattern surface, wax liquid must not flow on wax-pattern;
Will keep suitable spacing between wax-pattern, general 〉=9mm is with two wax mould shell gap 5mm after assurance shell processed;
The module that group is good must be considered to be worth doing with the wax that compressed air blows off on it;
Module is hung to transport at shell and is delivered to the mold cleaning operation on dolly.
(5) surface shell is made:
Add the 90kg Ludox in being stained with pulp grinder;
Start and be stained with pulp grinder and make its rotation;
Add the wetting agent n-butanol, add with the ratio that accounts for investment precoat gross weight 0.5%, evenly mixed;
Then with the 320kg zirconium powder, slowly add in bucket, note preventing the powder caking, by stirring, powder is stirred out;
The ratio that adds the 1.2CC defoamer in the per kilogram Ludox adds defoamer, mixing;
Survey dope viscosities with 4 Zhan Shi cups, viscosity is 32-38 second, and temperature is 38 seconds in time below 15 ℃, warm during higher than 15 ℃ 32 seconds;
As too high in viscosity, add the Ludox adjustment; As too low in viscosity, add the adjustment of zirconium English powder.
After dope viscosity is adjusted, cover the slurry bucket, in order to avoid evaporation continues to stir more than 12 hours, can use;
During normal production, per tour shell processed should add material before leaving offices in proportion, reaches working stamndard until be coated with the slip height, measures its viscosity, after viscosity is qualified, continues to stir and can use more than 8 hours;
(6) the back layer shell is made:
Add 170kg waterglass in being stained with pulp grinder;
Start and be stained with pulp grinder, make its rotation;
Slowly add while stirring the 240kg mullite powder, note preventing the powder caking, by stirring, powder is stirred out fully;
Survey dope viscosity with 4# Zhan Shi cup, viscosity should be 10-14 between second;
As too high in viscosity, add the waterglass adjustment; As too low in viscosity, add the mullite powder adjustment;
After dope viscosity is adjusted, cover the slurry bucket, in order to avoid evaporation continues to stir more than 6 hours, can use;
During normal production, per tour shell processed should add material before leaving offices in proportion, reaches working stamndard until be coated with the slip height, measures its viscosity.Continue to stir and to use more than 4 hours.
(7) dewaxing:
Shell is prepared the shell dolly that reaches regulation drying time is shifted onto the shell storage area, takes off shell from trolley frame;
Pull down hook, cover plate etc., and remove the unnecessary ceramic material of cast gate margin of optic cup clean;
The dewaxing should be 1.0Mpa with the steam generator steam pressure, minimum must not be less than 0.7Mpa;
Check carefully whether the steam dewaxing screen pack need be cleared up or be changed, prevent from occurring in dewaxing process the accidents such as race wax;
Before beginning dewaxing, dewaxing kettle is carried out pressure test, and give hot 1-2 time;
Shell to be dewaxed is contained on dolly, is transported to the Ministry of worker that dewaxes;
Shell is contained on dewaxing steam still load wagon fast, sends into dewaxing steam still, shut immediately gate;
Open steam valve, 14 second internal pressure must cross 0.56Mpa, temperature reaches 160 ℃;
At least 10 minutes dewaxing time;
The steam off valve is opened air bleeding valve, the vapour pressure of releasing, and releasing should be slow, more than 1 minute;
When the Pressure gauge indicated pressure is zero, opens the dewaxing kettle gate, and open and let out the wax valve;
The load wagon of anti-dress shell is pulled out, and shell is placed on to deliver on transport vehicle melts the workshop;
Check the shell after dewaxing, normal shell cup is waited for roasting on the storage rack that is placed down in cleaning.There is the shell of crackle to repair.Occur crackedly or flaking, or crackle surpasses, and 0.5mm is wide should be scrapped by quality inspection personnel the influential shell of foundry goods;
When the shell surface only has shattered crack, can be coated with at this place, stickness paint repairs;
Shell is porose and do not affect the large slight crack of foundry goods, and an available clean shell is placed on porose place and seals up with fire clay, drying.
(8) roasting:
Carefully check the shell that needs roasting, shell should intactly fall into, and defective shell must be repaired;
Check whether the roaster siege is smooth clean;
With gloves, shell cup edge is smeared, prevented that sand etc. from entering in shell;
Carefully shell is packed in roaster:
Rear cast be placed on stove rear portion, first the stokehold section that is placed on of cast.Namely, the shell of cast first fills, and first fills after the shell of cast;
The shell cast gate is placed on downwards on the roaster siege, and shell is not in contact with one another, and does not slide;
Shell is not pressed with the furnace wall and is touched, and does not install to flame and is sprayed onto the place, and want 10 centimeters from fire door;
Close upper furnace door;
Firing up.Temperature is between 900～1100 ℃ in stove, minimum 25 minutes of Baking time, be no more than at most 60 minutes, and roasting shell should be white or rose look;
Open fire door, take out shell with fork, visual have a flawless, and upset is simultaneously upwards prepared cast with the shell cast gate.
Reference examples 1
Reference examples 1 is with the difference of embodiment 1, in reference examples 1, employing be that prior art is produced shot blast machine blade, do not apply respectively the step of coating on surface shell and back layer shell, other step and embodiment 1 are identical.
Service life after the blade installation
| Product | The present invention | Reference examples 1 |
| Service life/h | 1300 | 600 |
| Wear rate g/h | 21 | 44 |
| Toughness J/m 3 | 4.5 | 4 |
| Mechanical performance | The present invention | Reference examples 1 |
| As cast condition HRC | 51 | 44 |
| Heat treatment HRC | 67 | 63 |
| As cast condition A K（J） | 5.1 | 5.0 |
| Heat treatment A K（J） | 4.5 | 4.0 |
Conclusion, the blade that adopts technique of the present invention to produce, wearability and the toughness of blade all are significantly improved.
Embodiment 2
The preparation shell, after molten iron is melting, carry out following step in shell in preparation: make wax-pattern, make gating pattern, the trimming wax-pattern, repair a die, the assembly welding wax-pattern, make surface shell, make the back layer shell, dewaxing, equipment are prepared, shell is repaired, roasting.In each above step, making wax-pattern in shell of molten iron is melting and preparation, make gating pattern, trimming wax-pattern, repair a die, assembly welding wax-pattern, dewaxing, equipment are prepared, shell is repaired, roasting is all adopted conventional method to process and got final product, the outstanding feature of the present embodiment is, is increasing the step that applies coating on surface shell and backing layer shell after the assembly welding wax-pattern.
Wherein surface shell is made and is comprised the following steps:
1. add Ludox in being stained with pulp grinder, start and be stained with pulp grinder, add the wetting agent n-butanol, ratio with 1.6 milliliters of per kilogram Ludox adds, and mixes, in the Ludox that more than adds, its fire-resistant base material is 325 purpose chrome ore powder, chrome ore powder and Ludox parts by weight ratio are 3.5:1, and in the chrome ore powder, the content of each component is: Cr2O3 content is not less than 45 %, SiO
2Content is not more than 1%, CaO content and is not more than 1%, and the moisture after oven dry under 105 ℃ is not more than 1.7%;
2. with the 320kg zirconium powder, slowly add in bucket, note preventing the powder caking, by stirring, powder is stirred out;
3. the ratio that adds the 1.2CC defoamer in the per kilogram Ludox adds defoamer, mixing;
4. survey dope viscosity with 4 Zhan Shi cups, viscosity is 32 seconds;
5. after dope viscosity is adjusted, cover the slurry bucket, in order to avoid evaporation continues to stir more than 12 hours, can use;
When 6. producing, per tour shell processed should add material before leaving offices in proportion, reaches working stamndard until be coated with the slip height, measures its viscosity, after viscosity is qualified, continues to stir and can use more than 8 hours;
When surface shell applies, apply 3 layers.
Wherein, the back layer shell is made and is comprised following step:
1. add 170kg waterglass in being stained with pulp grinder, starting and be stained with pulp grinder, make its rotation, slowly add while stirring the 240kg mullite powder, the granularity of mullite sand is 80/120 and 30/60, and its purity is: 85%, note preventing the powder caking, by stirring, powder is stirred out fully, survey dope viscosity with 4# Zhan Shi cup, viscosity should be about 10 seconds, as too high in viscosity, add the waterglass adjustment, as too low in viscosity, add the mullite powder adjustment;
2. after dope viscosity is adjusted, cover the slurry bucket, in order to avoid evaporation continues to stir more than 6 hours, can use;
When 3. producing, per tour shell processed should add material before leaving offices in proportion, reaches working stamndard until be coated with the slip height, measures its viscosity.Continue to stir and to use more than 4 hours;
When the backing layer shell applies, apply 3 layers.
Reference examples 2
Be with the difference of embodiment 1, in reference examples 2, chrome ore powder and Ludox parts by weight ratio are: 2:1.
Reference examples 3
Be with the difference of embodiment 1, in reference examples 3, chrome ore powder and Ludox parts by weight ratio are: 5:1.
Contrast table in service life after the blade installation
| Product | The present invention | Reference examples 2 | Reference examples 3 |
| Service life/h | 1300 | 760 | 450 |
| Wear weight loss/g | 21 | 45 | 51 |
| Toughness | 4.5 | 3.6 | 3.8 |
The mechanical performance of shot blast machine blade
| Mechanical performance | The present invention | Reference examples 2 | Reference examples 3 |
| As cast condition HRC | 51 | 41 | 45 |
| Heat treatment HRC | 67 | 57 | 63 |
| As cast condition A K（J） | 5.1 | 4.7 | 4.8 |
| Heat treatment A K（J） | 4.5 | 4.2 | 4.1 |
As can be seen from the above table, no matter be when as cast condition or heat treatment, its impact flexibility of the blade that method of the present invention is produced keeps high value, and hardness HRC is also than reference examples 2 and reference examples 3 height.
Conclusion, chrome ore powder and Ludox parts by weight can produce certain impact to the quality of the shot blast machine blade produced, in reference examples 2 and reference examples 3, the service life of shot blast machine blade and anti-wear performance and toughness are all poor than embodiment, when only having when chrome ore powder and Ludox parts by weight ratio in the scope at 3～4:1, the shot blast machine blade of producing its long service life, anti-wear performance and good toughness.
Embodiment 3
Be with the difference of embodiment 2, in this embodiment, the coating number of plies of investment precoat is 4 layers, and the coating number of plies of backing layer coating is 3 layers, and other is identical.
Reference examples 4
Be with the difference of embodiment 3, in reference examples 4, it is 2 layers that investment precoat applies the number of plies, and other is identical.
Reference examples 5
Be with the difference of embodiment 3, in reference examples 5, it is 5 layers that investment precoat applies the number of plies, and other is identical.
Reference examples 6
Be with the difference of embodiment 6, in reference examples 6, the waterglass back-up coat applies 1 layer, and other is identical.
Use contrast table after the blade installation
| Product | The present invention | Reference examples 4 | Reference examples 5 | Reference examples 6 |
| Service life/h | 1300 | 560 | 730 | 470 |
| Wear weight loss/g | 21 | 27 | 43 | 49 |
| Toughness | 4.7 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 3.9 |
The mechanical performance of shot blast machine blade
| Mechanical performance | The present invention | Reference examples 4 | Reference examples 5 | Reference examples 6 |
| As cast condition HRC | 51 | 48 | 47 | 46 |
| Heat treatment HRC | 67 | 61 | 59 | 63 |
| As cast condition A K（J） | 5.1 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.9 |
| Heat treatment A K（J） | 4.7 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 4.0 |
As can be seen from the above table, no matter be when as cast condition or heat treatment, blade its service life that method of the present invention is produced, impact flexibility still kept high value apparently higher than as a rule 4,5,6, and hardness HRC is also than reference examples 3.
Embodiment 4
The method comprises following step: wax-pattern is made, gating pattern is made, the wax-pattern trimming, wax-pattern assembly welding, dewaxing, roasting, it is characterized in that, wherein increased on composite shell the step that applies coating between wax-pattern assembly welding and dewaxing, this step specifically is included on the surface shell of composite shell and applies the waterglass reinforced layered slurry on silicon-coating colloidal sol investment precoat and backing layer shell.
The Ludox investment precoat is to contain Cr
2O
3, SiO
2, CaO the chrome ore powder be fire-resistant base material, the chrome ore Powder Particle Size is 325 orders, Cr
2O
3Content is not less than 45 %, SiO
2Content is not more than 1%, CaO content and is not more than 1%, and the moisture of described chrome ore powder after oven dry under 105 ℃ is not more than 1.7%.
Chrome ore powder and Ludox parts by weight ratio are 3:1.
Ludox investment precoat viscosity is in the 12s left and right.
Also contain the n-butanol that accounts for investment precoat gross weight 0.5% in investment precoat.
The coating number of plies of investment precoat is 3 layers.
Waterglass back-up coat refractory aggregate is mullite sand, and the granularity of mullite sand is 80/120, and its purity is: 85%, and it is 2 layers that the waterglass back-up coat applies the number of plies.
Embodiment 5
The method comprises following step: wax-pattern is made, gating pattern is made, the wax-pattern trimming, wax-pattern assembly welding, dewaxing, roasting, it is characterized in that, wherein increased on composite shell the step that applies coating between wax-pattern assembly welding and dewaxing, this step specifically is included on the surface shell of composite shell and applies the waterglass reinforced layered slurry on silicon-coating colloidal sol investment precoat and backing layer shell.
The Ludox investment precoat is to contain Cr
2O
3, SiO
2, CaO the chrome ore powder be fire-resistant base material, the chrome ore Powder Particle Size is 325 orders, Cr
2O
3Content is not less than 45 %, SiO
2Content is not more than 1%, CaO content and is not more than 1%, and the moisture of described chrome ore powder after oven dry under 105 ℃ is not more than 1.7%.
Chrome ore powder and Ludox parts by weight ratio are 4:1.
Ludox investment precoat viscosity is in the 14s left and right.
Also contain the JFC that accounts for investment precoat gross weight 1.0% in investment precoat.
The coating number of plies of investment precoat is 3 layers.
Waterglass back-up coat refractory aggregate is mullite sand, and the granularity of mullite sand is 30/60, and its purity is: 85%, and it is 2 layers that the waterglass back-up coat applies the number of plies.
Embodiment 6
The method comprises following step: wax-pattern is made, gating pattern is made, the wax-pattern trimming, wax-pattern assembly welding, dewaxing, roasting, it is characterized in that, wherein increased on composite shell the step that applies coating between wax-pattern assembly welding and dewaxing, this step specifically is included on the surface shell of composite shell and applies the waterglass reinforced layered slurry on silicon-coating colloidal sol investment precoat and backing layer shell.
The Ludox investment precoat is to contain Cr
2O
3, SiO
2, CaO the chrome ore powder be fire-resistant base material, the chrome ore Powder Particle Size is 325 orders, Cr
2O
3Content is not less than 45 %, SiO
2Content is not more than 1%, CaO content and is not more than 1%, and the moisture of described chrome ore powder after oven dry under 105 ℃ is not more than 1.7%.
Chrome ore powder and Ludox parts by weight ratio are 3:1.
Ludox investment precoat viscosity is in the 12s left and right.
Also contain the n-butanol that accounts for investment precoat gross weight 0.8% in investment precoat.
The coating number of plies of investment precoat is 3 layers.
Waterglass back-up coat refractory aggregate is mullite sand, and the granularity of mullite sand is 30/60, and its purity is: 85%, and it is 2 layers that the waterglass back-up coat applies the number of plies.
Embodiment 7
The preparation shell, after molten iron is melting, carry out following step in shell in preparation: make wax-pattern, make gating pattern, the trimming wax-pattern, repair a die, the assembly welding wax-pattern, make surface shell, make the back layer shell, dewaxing, equipment are prepared, shell is repaired, roasting.In each above step, making wax-pattern in shell of molten iron is melting and preparation, make gating pattern, trimming wax-pattern, repair a die, assembly welding wax-pattern, dewaxing, equipment are prepared, shell is repaired, roasting is all adopted conventional method to process and got final product, the outstanding feature of the present embodiment is, is increasing the step that applies coating on surface shell and backing layer shell after the assembly welding wax-pattern.
Wherein surface shell is made and is comprised the following steps:
1. add Ludox in being stained with pulp grinder, start and be stained with pulp grinder, add the wetting agent n-butanol, its addition is investment precoat gross weight 0.6%, mixes after adding, in the Ludox that more than adds, its fire-resistant base material is 325 purpose chrome ore powder, chrome ore powder and Ludox parts by weight ratio are 3.5:1, and in the chrome ore powder, the content of each component is: Cr2O3 content is not less than 45 %, SiO
2Content is not more than 1%, CaO content and is not more than 1%, and the moisture of chrome ore powder after oven dry under 105 ℃ is not more than 1.7%;
2. with the 320kg zirconium powder, slowly add in bucket, note preventing the powder caking, by stirring, powder is stirred out;
3. the ratio that adds the 1.2CC defoamer in the per kilogram Ludox adds defoamer, mixing;
4. survey dope viscosity with 4 Zhan Shi cups, viscosity is 32 seconds;
5. after dope viscosity is adjusted, cover the slurry bucket, in order to avoid evaporation continues to stir more than 12 hours, can use;
When 6. producing, per tour shell processed should add material before leaving offices in proportion, reaches working stamndard until be coated with the slip height, measures its viscosity, after viscosity is qualified, continues to stir and can use more than 8 hours;
When surface shell applies, apply 3 layers.
Wherein, the back layer shell is made and is comprised following step:
1. add 170kg waterglass in being stained with pulp grinder, starting and be stained with pulp grinder, make its rotation, slowly add while stirring the 240kg mullite powder, the granularity of mullite sand is 80/120 and 30/60, and its purity is: 85%, note preventing the powder caking, by stirring, powder is stirred out fully, survey dope viscosity with 4# Zhan Shi cup, viscosity should be about 10 seconds, as too high in viscosity, add the waterglass adjustment, as too low in viscosity, add the mullite powder adjustment;
2. after dope viscosity is adjusted, cover the slurry bucket, in order to avoid evaporation continues to stir more than 6 hours, can use;
When 3. producing, per tour shell processed should add material before leaving offices in proportion, reaches working stamndard until be coated with the slip height, measures its viscosity.Continue to stir and to use more than 4 hours;
When the backing layer shell applies, apply 3 layers.
Claims (1)
1. one kind applies the method that shot blast machine blade is produced in coating model casting on composite shell, comprise following step: wax-pattern is made, gating pattern is made, the wax-pattern trimming, wax-pattern assembly welding, dewaxing, roasting, it is characterized in that, the method also is included between wax-pattern assembly welding and dewaxing has increased on composite shell the step that applies coating, and this step specifically is included on the surface shell of composite shell and applies the waterglass reinforced layered slurry on silicon-coating colloidal sol investment precoat and backing layer shell; Described Ludox investment precoat is to contain Cr
2O
3, SiO
2, CaO the chrome ore powder be fire-resistant base material; Described chrome ore Powder Particle Size is 325 orders; In described chrome ore powder, the content of each component is: Cr
2O
3Content is not less than 45 %, SiO
2Content is not more than 1%, CaO content and is not more than 1%, and the moisture of described chrome ore powder after oven dry under 105 ℃ is not more than 1.7%; Chrome ore powder and Ludox parts by weight ratio are 3～4:1; Described Ludox investment precoat viscosity is in the scope of 12-15s; Also contain the wetting agent that accounts for investment precoat gross weight 0.5～1.0% in described investment precoat, described wetting agent is at least a in n-butanol, JFC; The coating number of plies of described investment precoat is at least 3 layers; Described waterglass back-up coat refractory aggregate is mullite sand, and the granularity of mullite sand is 80/120 and 30/60, and its purity is 85%; It is 2～3 layers that described waterglass back-up coat applies the number of plies.
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| CN 201110273446 CN102294435B (en) | 2011-09-15 | 2011-09-15 | Method for casting and producing shot blasting machine blade based on firing mold on composite shell with utilization of chilled surface layer paint |
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Owner name: SHANDONG KAITAI ABRATOR MACHINERY CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER NAME: SHANDONG KAITAI SHOT-BLASTING MACHINERY CO., LTD. |
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Address after: 256200 Qingyang Town, Zouping County, Binzhou, Shandong Patentee after: Safe ball blast machinery incorporated company is opened in Shandong Address before: 256200 Qingyang Town, Zouping County, Binzhou, Shandong Patentee before: Shandong Kaitai Shot-Blasting Machinery Co., Ltd. |