CN102288990A - Ultra-shallow three-dimensional seismic reflection wave exploration method - Google Patents
Ultra-shallow three-dimensional seismic reflection wave exploration method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultra-shallow three-dimensional seismic reflection wave exploration method. The method comprises the following steps of: designing ultra-shallow three-dimensional seismic acquisition arrangement pieces; arranging a wave detector according to the design; exciting seismic waves by hammering a seismic source; sequentially rolling the three-dimensional seismic arrangement pieces along a longitudinal direction and a horizontal direction at intervals of 4 meters to complete the acquisition of three-dimensional seismic data; performing band-pass filtering, two-dimensional frequency space filtering and stacking on the acquired seismic data, and thus obtaining an ultra-shallow three-dimensional seismic reflection wave stacked data body, wherein a plane distribution range and the three-dimensional configuration of an underground detection target can be displayed according to the ultra-shallow three-dimensional seismic reflection wave data body. By the method, the problem of three-dimensional exploration of the ultra-shallow detection target in the field of engineering geological investigation is solved, the plane distribution condition and the three-dimensional configuration of the detection target can be clearly seen according to exploration results, and the detection capability of seismic exploration in the field of engineering investigation is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of seismic exploration, relate in particular to a kind of super shallow three-dimensional earthquake reflected wave method of exploration.
Background technology
Super shallow seismic exploration is a kind of effective ways of engineering geological investigation, can detect geologic structure situation in the following 50m scope in the face of land, for building engineering construction, municipal engineering design etc. provides the necessary base geologic information, be the indispensable technological means of engineering geological investigation.At present, super shallow-layer two-dimension earthquake method of exploration is normally used in the engineering geological investigation, this method can provide the layering situation of stratigraphic section in the following 50m scope in the face of land, but can't recognize the plane distribution situation and the three-dimensional configuration of the detection of a target, seriously restrict the effect of method of seismic prospecting.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of super shallow three-dimensional earthquake reflected wave method of exploration is provided.
The step of super shallow three-dimensional earthquake reflected wave method of exploration is as follows:
1) super shallow three-dimensional earthquake-capturing is arranged the design of sheet:
The design parameter that super shallow three-dimensional earthquake-capturing is arranged sheet comprises reception parameter and shooting parameter, receive parameter and be on 6 seislines, every the seisline 24 geophone stations, point spacing 1m apart from 0.5m, adjacent seisline, shooting parameter is the spacing 1m of 5 shot points on 12 big gun lines, the every big gun line, shotpoint spacing 1m, adjacent big gun line, seisline and big gun line perpendicular quadrature, the seisline direction is called vertically, and big gun line direction is called laterally;
2) collection of super shallow three-dimensional geological data
Arrange the sheet design parameter according to super shallow three-dimensional earthquake-capturing and arrange wave detector, utilize hammering epicenter excitation seismic event, finish an earthquake data acquisition of arranging the sheet scope; Then, longitudinally and laterally roll arranging sheet, roll apart from 4m, every rolling once rearranges wave detector, utilizes the hammering epicenter excitation, until whole survey area is covered, finishes the earthquake data acquisition of whole survey area;
3) super shallow three-dimensional geological data is handled
Adopting version number is the Omega seismic data processing software of 1.8.3, utilize bandpass filtering compacting ground roll, the bandpass filtering frequency parameter is 30-150Hz, utilize territory, frequency space two-dimensional filtering compacting linear disturbance, territory, frequency space two-dimensional filtering apparent velocity parameter is 200-800m/s, geological data after the denoising is carried out overlap-add procedure, can obtain super shallow three-dimensional earthquake reflected wave superposition of data body, utilize super shallow three-dimensional earthquake reflected wave superposition of data body to demonstrate the plane distributing scope and the three-dimensional configuration of subsurface investigation target.
The invention solves the three-dimensional detection problem of the super shallow-layer detection of a target in engineering geological investigation field, utilize result of detection clearly to see and detection of a target plane distribution situation and three-dimensional configuration have improved the detectivity of seismic prospecting in the engineering investigation field.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that super shallow three-dimensional seismic acquisition is arranged the sheet synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the seismologic record of super shallow three-dimensional seismic acquisition;
Fig. 3 is the seismologic record behind the bandpass filtering;
Fig. 4 is the seismologic record behind the FX two-dimensional filtering;
Fig. 5 is super shallow three-dimensional earthquake reflected wave data volume;
Fig. 6 is the three-dimensional perspective of zone of interest;
Fig. 7 is the said three-dimensional body engraving display result of the detection of a target.
Embodiment
The step of super shallow three-dimensional earthquake reflected wave method of exploration is as follows:
1) super shallow three-dimensional earthquake-capturing is arranged the design of sheet:
The design parameter that super shallow three-dimensional earthquake-capturing is arranged sheet comprises reception parameter and shooting parameter, receive parameter and be on 6 seislines, every the seisline 24 geophone stations, point spacing 1m apart from 0.5m, adjacent seisline, shooting parameter is the spacing 1m of 5 shot points on 12 big gun lines, the every big gun line, shotpoint spacing 1m, adjacent big gun line, seisline and big gun line perpendicular quadrature, the seisline direction is called vertically, and big gun line direction is called laterally;
2) collection of super shallow three-dimensional geological data
Arrange the sheet design parameter according to super shallow three-dimensional earthquake-capturing and arrange wave detector, utilize hammering epicenter excitation seismic event, finish an earthquake data acquisition of arranging the sheet scope; Then, longitudinally and laterally roll arranging sheet, roll apart from 4m, every rolling once rearranges wave detector, utilizes the hammering epicenter excitation, until whole survey area is covered, finishes the earthquake data acquisition of whole survey area;
3) super shallow three-dimensional geological data is handled
Adopting version number is the Omega seismic data processing software of 1.8.3, utilize bandpass filtering compacting ground roll, the bandpass filtering frequency parameter is 30-150Hz, utilize territory, frequency space two-dimensional filtering compacting linear disturbance, territory, frequency space two-dimensional filtering apparent velocity parameter is 200-800m/s, geological data after the denoising is carried out overlap-add procedure, can obtain super shallow three-dimensional earthquake reflected wave superposition of data body, utilize super shallow three-dimensional earthquake reflected wave superposition of data body to demonstrate the plane distributing scope and the three-dimensional configuration of subsurface investigation target.
Embodiment:
Super shallow three-dimensional earthquake-capturing is arranged the design of sheet:
The design of super shallow three-dimensional earthquake-capturing arrangement sheet is meant the position of earthquake-capturing geophone station, shot point is designed that Fig. 1 arranges sheet for the super shallow three-dimensional earthquake-capturing of design, and wherein, little square expression geophone station, small circle are represented shot point; The design parameter of geophone station is called the reception parameter, and the design parameter of shot point is called shooting parameter; Reception parameter shown in Figure 1 comprises 6 seislines that are parallel to each other, and the distance of adjacent seisline is 1m, and 24 geophone stations are arranged on every seisline, and the distance of adjacent geophone station is 0.5m; Shooting parameter comprises 12 big gun lines that are parallel to each other, and the big gun line is vertical with seisline, and the distance of adjacent big gun line is 1m, 5 shot points on the every big gun line, and the distance of adjacent shot point is 1m;
The collection of super shallow three-dimensional geological data
End from the exploration work area, arrange the design of sheet according to super shallow three-dimensional earthquake-capturing, on 144 geophone stations of 6 seislines, arrange wave detector, 1 wave detector on each geophone station, the free-running frequency of wave detector is 60Hz, and model is DZ-CDJ-Z/P60, and wave detector is plugged in the table soil, if the face of land is the hard pavement of cement one class, then utilize gypsum with wave detector and face of land adhesion; Then, according to sp location shown in Figure 1, utilize the hammering focus to carry out exciting of seismic event, excite 1 time at each shot point, the hammering focus is the iron hammer of 6Kg, finish one arrange the exciting of all sp location seismic events of sheet after, will arrange sheet along seisline direction (vertically) 4m that rolls forward, arrange wave detector and earthquake-wave-exciting according to identical mode; Afterwards, continue up to the other end of exploring the work area, so just to have finished the collecting work of a bunch arranging sheet again along collections of rolling forward of seisline direction;
After finishing the collecting work of a bunch, will arrange sheet, carry out the collecting work of another bunch in the same way,, promptly finish the super shallow three-dimensional earthquake data acquisition in whole work area until covering whole exploration work area along big gun line direction (laterally) rolling 4m;
Super shallow three-dimensional geological data is handled
Employing version number is that the Omega seismic data processing software of 1.8.3 is handled super shallow three-dimensional seismic exploration data; Fig. 2 is the super shallow three-dimensional geological data of gathering on the Jin Zhonglu of Shanghai, the detection of a target is a subterranean tunnel, from the original seismic data of gathering, the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of seismologic record is very low, reflection wave is submerged in the strong jamming, noise mainly is ground roll and some linear disturbance, need press the processing of making an uproar to data;
At first utilize bandpass filtering compacting ground roll, the frequency range of ground roll is below 30Hz, and the seismic reflection wave frequency is up to 150Hz, so the bandpass filtering frequency range is 30-150Hz, seismologic record behind the bandpass filtering as shown in Figure 3, as can be seen, surface wave interference has obtained compacting largely, and some reflection wave energy clearly show;
Can also see some linear disturbance from Fig. 3, with super shallow earthquake reflection wave weave in, utilize territory, frequency space two-dimensional filtering compacting linear disturbance, territory, frequency space two-dimensional filtering apparent velocity parameter is 200-800m/s, can suppress linear disturbance by territory, frequency space two-dimensional filtering, suppressed the later seismologic record of linear disturbance as shown in Figure 4, as can be seen from Figure 4, near some reflections of being covered by linear disturbance (10ms) can show more clearly, and the reflection wave at 20ms place is more clear;
At last, the seismologic record that belongs to same subsurface reflection point is superimposed, can obtain super shallow three-dimensional earthquake reflected wave data volume, as shown in Figure 5, therefrom as can be seen, a more intense reflection is arranged near 20ms, descend the interface between silt clay stratum and the silty clay layer accordingly, because the influence of subterranean tunnel, bad break has taken place in reflection wave; Fig. 6 is the RMS amplitude form of data shown in Figure 5, and as can be seen, near the reflection the 20ms has place white exceptions area in the plane, is the planimetric position of subterranean tunnel from the RMS amplitude data volume; Fig. 7 utilizes super shallow three-dimensional seismic data volume that the body in underground tunnel is carved the result, therefrom the three-dimensional configuration of subterranean tunnel as can be seen;
To sum up, clear plane distribution situation and the three-dimensional configuration that detects super shallow-layer buried target body of super shallow three-dimensional earthquake reflected wave method of exploration energy, improved the detectivity of seismic prospecting, solved the three-dimensional detection problem of the super shallow-layer detection of a target in engineering geological investigation field in the engineering investigation field.
Claims (1)
1. super shallow three-dimensional earthquake reflected wave method of exploration is characterized in that its step is as follows:
1) super shallow three-dimensional earthquake-capturing is arranged the design of sheet:
The design parameter that super shallow three-dimensional earthquake-capturing is arranged sheet comprises reception parameter and shooting parameter, receive parameter and be on 6 seislines, every the seisline 24 geophone stations, point spacing 1m apart from 0.5m, adjacent seisline, shooting parameter is the spacing 1m of 5 shot points on 12 big gun lines, the every big gun line, shotpoint spacing 1m, adjacent big gun line, seisline and big gun line perpendicular quadrature, the seisline direction is called vertically, and big gun line direction is called laterally;
2) collection of super shallow three-dimensional geological data
Arrange the sheet design parameter according to super shallow three-dimensional earthquake-capturing and arrange wave detector, utilize hammering epicenter excitation seismic event, finish an earthquake data acquisition of arranging the sheet scope; Then, longitudinally and laterally roll arranging sheet, roll apart from 4m, every rolling once rearranges wave detector, utilizes the hammering epicenter excitation, until whole survey area is covered, finishes the earthquake data acquisition of whole survey area;
3) super shallow three-dimensional geological data is handled
Adopting version number is the Omega seismic data processing software of 1.8.3, utilize bandpass filtering compacting ground roll, the bandpass filtering frequency parameter is 30-150Hz, utilize territory, frequency space two-dimensional filtering compacting linear disturbance, territory, frequency space two-dimensional filtering apparent velocity parameter is 200-800m/s, geological data after the denoising is carried out overlap-add procedure, can obtain super shallow three-dimensional earthquake reflected wave superposition of data body, utilize super shallow three-dimensional earthquake reflected wave superposition of data body to demonstrate the plane distributing scope and the three-dimensional configuration of subsurface investigation target.
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| CN103064111A (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2013-04-24 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Micro seismic event recognition method based on morphological filtering |
| CN107783180A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2018-03-09 | 福州华虹智能科技股份有限公司 | A kind of tunnel back wave earthquake forward probe method |
| CN108303730A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-07-20 | 上海申丰地质新技术应用研究所有限公司 | A kind of engineering three-dimensional double source Surface wave prospecting method and system |
| CN109444951A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-03-08 | 山东大学 | The laying of advance geologic prediction sensor and coupling device and method |
| CN109541690A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-29 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | A kind of shallow-layer dielectric structure face loosening degree evaluation method |
| CN110609324A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-24 | 东北大学 | Method for screening rock burst early warning micro-seismic events of deep-buried tunnel |
| CN113514882A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-10-19 | 德仕能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Seismic exploration data acquisition method, device, equipment and medium |
| CN113640878A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-11-12 | 西南石油大学 | Method for constructing azimuth-apparent velocity radar map by using virtual seismic source scanning |
| CN113777653A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-12-10 | 深圳亚纳海洋科技有限公司 | Synthetic aperture type shallow seismic profile exploration method and system |
| CN113777653B (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2024-05-03 | 深圳市普罗海洋科技有限责任公司 | Synthetic aperture type shallow seismic section exploration method and system |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107783180A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2018-03-09 | 福州华虹智能科技股份有限公司 | A kind of tunnel back wave earthquake forward probe method |
| CN108303730A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-07-20 | 上海申丰地质新技术应用研究所有限公司 | A kind of engineering three-dimensional double source Surface wave prospecting method and system |
| CN109541690A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-29 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | A kind of shallow-layer dielectric structure face loosening degree evaluation method |
| CN109444951B (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2020-12-18 | 山东大学 | Advanced geological prediction sensor arrangement and coupling device and method |
| CN109444951A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-03-08 | 山东大学 | The laying of advance geologic prediction sensor and coupling device and method |
| CN110609324A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-24 | 东北大学 | Method for screening rock burst early warning micro-seismic events of deep-buried tunnel |
| CN110609324B (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-01-12 | 东北大学 | Method for screening rock burst early warning micro-seismic events of deep-buried tunnel |
| CN113514882A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-10-19 | 德仕能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Seismic exploration data acquisition method, device, equipment and medium |
| CN113777653A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-12-10 | 深圳亚纳海洋科技有限公司 | Synthetic aperture type shallow seismic profile exploration method and system |
| CN113777653B (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2024-05-03 | 深圳市普罗海洋科技有限责任公司 | Synthetic aperture type shallow seismic section exploration method and system |
| CN113640878A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-11-12 | 西南石油大学 | Method for constructing azimuth-apparent velocity radar map by using virtual seismic source scanning |
| CN113640878B (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2024-03-29 | 西南石油大学 | Method for constructing azimuth-apparent velocity radar chart by utilizing virtual seismic source scanning |
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