CN102283633A - Self-adaptive optical micro-perimeter - Google Patents
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Abstract
An adaptive optical micro-perimeter, an infrared beacon emits infrared light to the pupil of a detected person, a Hartmann wavefront sensor measures the wavefront aberration of the human eye carried by reflected light of the eyeground, and a computer calculates control voltage according to the measured aberration and drives a wavefront corrector to correct the aberration of the human eye. After the aberration correction is completed, a fixed optotype for fixing the line of sight of the subject and a light-stimulating optotype for providing light stimulation to the fundus of the subject are displayed at a plurality of predetermined positions on the stimulating optotype display means. The pupil camera uses infrared light emitted by the infrared light source in front of the eye to shoot the pupil image of the human eye of the detected person and calculate the pupil diameter, and the computer controls and changes the light stimulation sighting target according to the change of the pupil diameter of the detected person and measures the visual field of the detected person. The invention has high reliability, reduces the stimulation redundancy caused by the aberration of the human eyes in the visual field inspection, is beneficial to finding early micro-visual field defects and provides a powerful tool for evaluating the micro-visual field defects of the human eyes and diagnosing related diseases.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the little perimeter of a kind of adaptive optics, is a kind of person under inspection's subjective judgment that do not rely on, the optical instrument that the early stage micro-vision defect of human eye is carried out meticulous objective measurement.
Background technology
Perimeter is as a kind of main visual function evaluation means that are widely used, for diagnosis and monitoring glaucoma and some other vision, optic nerve disease provide important information, for successful treatment creates conditions.It is to stimulate sighting target (eye_target) by the ad-hoc location display light in person under inspection's eyes the place ahead that traditional perimeter carries out perimetry to the person under inspection, whether the inquiry person under inspection sees sighting target, change photostimulation sighting target (the change amount can be sighting target brightness, size, shape etc.) according to answering, continue the inquiry person under inspection reaches the person under inspection up to the photostimulation sighting target vision threshold value (threshold).What person under inspection's vision threshold value reflected is the quantity of stimulus that can cause the minimum of person under inspection's visual response, and the most frequently used is the brightness that stimulates, and the vision threshold value of being surveyed is the equation of light threshold of sensitivity.There is two large problems in traditional perimeter.
At first, traditional perimeter is difficult to detect early stage trickle defect of visual field.With the glaucoma is example, when the automatic perimeter of employing standard can be diagnosed when having defect of visual field, existing 25% to 30% ganglionic cell is dead, and may exist loss of function of more ganglionic cell or sensitivity to reduce, and the state of an illness is very serious.
The main cause that early stage trickle defect of visual field is difficult to carry out with traditional perimeter clinical diagnosis is " visual redundancy " and " stimulating redundant ".It is a plurality of neurons or the coefficient result of functioning cell to the response that stimulates sighting target that visual redundancy refers to human eye.Stimulating redundancy to refer to promptly stimulates sighting target through inner light path of perimeter and human eye dioptric system, in the certain zone of optical fundus covering rather than to unicellular stimulation, make that person under inspection's response is to stimulate overlay area cone cell and the common synthesis result that responds of all functions cell direct with it or that link to each other indirectly.Stimulate sighting target to be subjected to the influence of human eye aberration inevitably in the imaging on optical fundus.The size of human eye aberration has determined to project the stimulation optical quality on optical fundus, and the existence of human eye aberration makes stimulates sighting target to produce distortion and expansion on the optical fundus, even adopt small stimulation sighting target also can form redundant the stimulation.If some functioning cell afunction and all the other cell functions are normal only in the sighting target field stimulation still can be made the judgement that thoughts are upset by means of the function normal cell to the response person under inspection who stimulates sighting target.So when defect of visual field shows as early stage tricklely when damaged, because visual redundancy and stimulate redundant existence, this trickle damaged being difficult to diagnosed with traditional perimetry method.
Chinese invention patent notification number CN101336823B discloses a kind of adaptive optics micro-vision defect evaluation system.In this system, form a beacon on the person under inspection optical fundus with infrared beacon light, its folded light beam that reflects pupil has promptly been carried human eye aberration, after utilizing adaptive optical technique calculating and proofreading and correct human eye aberration, adopts small stimulation sighting target to carry out perimetry again.This method reduces " the stimulating redundant " in the evaluation of the visual field greatly, thereby the early stage trickle defect of visual field of human eye is carried out effective evaluation.
Secondly, traditional perimetry belongs to a kind of subjective visual function inspection, and check result is subjected to multiple psychological physic factor affecting, and as experimenter's cognitive competence and attention or the like, repeatability is relatively poor, brings certain difficulty for visual field result's explanation.In addition, the variation of sighting target changed replying of same position stimulation according to person under inspection's last time in the test process, if the person under inspection judges by accident in test process too much, often caused resultant error excessive, the time that checking process consumed also can be very long in addition, and over-burden for the person under inspection.It is exactly the perimetry method that tradition is replied based on subjectivity that the disclosed perimeter of described Chinese invention patent notification number CN101336823B adopts, so also there is above-mentioned problem.
Chinese invention patent notification number CN101018501A discloses a kind of person under inspection's subjectivity that do not rely on and has answered, and can detect the objective perimeter in the visual field rapidly, exactly.In this perimeter, when providing photostimulation by the retina to the person under inspection, the pupil diameter that detects the person under inspection changes, and promptly detects the myosis reaction that pupil produces owing to photostimulation.Owing to cause the more common perimeter mean height of the light sensitivity 7.7dB of PLR, it will be more accurate and objective changing the visual function of judging the person under inspection according to pupil diameter.But this perimetric stimulation sighting target still adopts traditional light path projection, and not considering stimulates redundant influence to check result, is difficult to the early stage trickle defect of visual field of efficient diagnosis.
In addition, the regularity of distribution according to the human eye vision photoreceptor cell, cone cell mainly is distributed in the macula retinae district, according to the spectrographic difference of its optimal stimulus can be divided into look green, look Huang, look the red trichromatism cell, its optimal stimulus spectrum is respectively at 430nm, 555nm, 630nm; Rod cell mainly is distributed in the retinal periphery zone, and optimal stimulus spectrum is at 508nm; The sensitization ganglionic cell is distributed in whole retina, and mainly experiencing high light stimulates, and optimal stimulus spectrum is 480nm.Employing is carried out perimetry without the monochromatic light of wavelength as photostimulation, can screen the kind of sick cell more accurately, further improves the degree of accuracy of analyzing.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of person under inspection's subjectivity that can not rely on to reply, and it is redundant significantly to reduce stimulation, can carry out the perimeter of objective perimetry fast, accurately and efficiently.
Technical solution of the present invention: the little perimeter of a kind of adaptive optics comprises: infrared beacon, collimating mirror, first spectroscope, second spectroscope, human eye, Beam matching telescope, wave-front corrector, Beam matching telescope, second reflecting mirror, the 3rd spectroscope, Hartmann wave front sensor, computer, high-voltage amplifier, the 3rd reflecting mirror, sighting target imaging optical system, stimulation Optotype presenting apparatus, first reflecting mirror, pupil imaging optical system and pupil camera.
Infrared beacon is used for the eyes emission infrared light to described person under inspection.The position of human eye can be regulated by head support.Beacon beam is collimated by collimating mirror, enters person under inspection's pupil through first spectroscope, second spectroscope, forms a beacon light source on the optical fundus.Beacon light beam transmits the human eye pupil through fundus reflex, and the aberration that carries is a human eyes wave-front optical aberration.Beacon light beam sees through second spectroscope, the Beam matching telescope, and by the wave-front corrector reflection, by the Beam matching telescope, second reflecting mirror, the 3rd spectroscope enter Hartmann wave front sensor; Hartmann wave front sensor carries out aperture segmentation to incident beam, and the light beam in each sub-aperture is focused on the image planes of CCD camera, and Wavefront sensor is according to each sub-aperture light speckle side-play amount of gained image calculation.Computer calculates wavefront slope in each sub-aperture according to each sub-aperture hot spot side-play amount, calculates the entrained human eyes wave-front optical aberration of light beam, and obtains wave-front corrector control voltage according to the human eyes wave-front optical aberration that records through the control software processes; Voltage control signal changes the face type of wave-front corrector mirror surface through each drive motors of high-voltage amplifier amplification rear drive wave-front corrector, thereby proofreaies and correct human eyes wave-front optical aberration; After aberration correction was finished, computer was stimulating a plurality of precalculated positions on the Optotype presenting apparatus to show fixation target that is used for fixing person under inspection's sight line and the photostimulation sighting target that is used for providing to the person under inspection optical fundus photostimulation as the control device that stimulates sighting target.Stimulate sighting target through sighting target imaging optical system, the 3rd reflecting mirror, the 3rd spectroscope, second reflecting mirror, the second Beam matching telescope, wave-front corrector, the first Beam matching telescope, second spectroscope, described person under inspection's eyes are carried out the visual field to stimulate; The pupil camera, the pupil diameter that is used to monitor person under inspection described in the test process changes.When seeing described person under inspection under the condition of described fixation target, when described stimulation Optotype presenting apparatus display light stimulates sighting target, the pupil camera utilizes the pupil image of infrared illumination picked-up at the moment, and the pupil diameter that detects described person under inspection changes, and measures described person under inspection's the visual field.
Described Hartmann wave front sensor is based on the Hartmann wave front sensor of microprism array; Described wave-front corrector is a deformation reflection mirror, or the liquid crystal wave-front corrector, or the micromechanics distorting lens, or the double piezoelectric ceramic distorting lens; Described stimulation Optotype presenting apparatus is to regulate the background luminance of screen and display device such as CRT monitor or business projector or colour liquid crystal display device or plasma scope or the electroluminescent display or the OLED of described sighting target color, brightness and size; Described pupil camera is infrared digital video camcorder; Described infrared beacon can be an infrared laser, or infrared semiconductor laser, or infrared excess radiation-emitting semi-conductor device; Described pupil imaging lighting source can be an infrarede emitting diode, or Array array infrared light supply.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
(1) the present invention adopts adaptive optical technique to correct the dynamic aberration of human eye in real time, greatly reduces because the stimulation redundancy that human eye aberration causes helps finding early stage trickle defect of visual field, improves the degree of accuracy that detects;
(2) testing result of the present invention changes based on the pupil diameter of experimenter under photostimulation, and the subjectivity that does not rely on the person under inspection is replied, and can estimate person under inspection's defect of visual field situation more accurate, objectively;
(3) among the present invention, stimulate the sighting target light wavelength variable, can use not the monochromatic light of multi-wavelength to look the road gating, screen the kind of pathological changes functioning cell according to the difference of testing goal;
(4) stimulation sighting target control of the present invention is finished by computer software.Computer sends video signal to stimulating Optotype presenting apparatus to be shown, stimulates sighting target size, quantity, position, brightness, cycle all can accurately be controlled by computer.Perimetry stimulates the sighting target design more flexible, thereby can effectively detect the trickle defect of visual field or the central scotoma of random distribution;
(5) the used beacon beam of the present invention is the sightless infrared light of human eye, can avoid in testing process beacon beam human eye to be judged the influence of photostimulation sighting target.Whole visual field checking process, ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS are in the closed loop state, monitor and proofread and correct human eye aberration in real time, reduce to stimulate redundant influence greatly, make the not influence of irriate redundancy of perimetry process;
(6) the stimulation sighting target among the present invention is the photostimulation with the of short duration flicker of impulse form, and the photostimulation sighting target of the same brightness of same position glimmers twice at least continuously.Repeat of short duration stimulation and help judging that whether the variation of pupil diameter is because photostimulation causes the reliability of raising testing result.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the little perimetric system structure sketch map of adaptive optics;
Fig. 2 a is the Hartmann wave front sensor structural representation based on microprism array; Fig. 2 b is the sketch map based on the Hartmann wave front sensor operation principle of microprism array;
Fig. 3 a is the Hartmann wave front sensor structural representation based on microlens array; Fig. 3 b is the sketch map based on the Hartmann wave front sensor operation principle of microlens array;
Fig. 4 a is the fixation target position and stimulates sighting target predeterminated position distribution schematic diagram; Fig. 4 b is the sketch map that gives the photostimulation of person under inspection's single;
Fig. 5 a is the sketch map that human eye is subjected to the pupil diameter change curve after the photostimulation of single short pulse; Fig. 5 b is the pupil diameter variation sketch map after human eye is subjected to double short pulse photostimulation;
Among the figure: 1 is that infrared beacon, 2 is that collimating mirror, 3 is that first spectroscope, 4 is that second spectroscope, 5 is that human eye, 6 is that the first Beam matching telescope, 7 is that wave-front corrector, 8 is that the second Beam matching telescope, 9 is that second reflecting mirror, 10 is that the 3rd spectroscope, 11 is that Hartmann wave front sensor, 12 is that computer, 13 is that high-voltage amplifier, 14 is that the 3rd reflecting mirror, 15 is that sighting target imaging optical system, 16 is that stimulation Optotype presenting apparatus, 17 is that first reflecting mirror, 18 is the pupil imaging optical system, and 19 is the pupil camera.
The specific embodiment
Below, describe the present invention in detail with reference to accompanying drawing.Fig. 1 shows the little perimetric system structure sketch map of adaptive optics of present embodiment.The little perimeter of adaptive optics comprises: infrared beacon 1, collimating mirror 2, first spectroscope 3, second spectroscope 4, human eye 5, the first Beam matching telescope 6, wave-front corrector 7, the second Beam matching telescope 8, second reflecting mirror 9, the 3rd spectroscope 10, Hartmann wave front sensor 11, computer 12, high-voltage amplifier 13, the 3rd reflecting mirror 14, sighting target imaging optical system 15, stimulate Optotype presenting apparatus 16, first reflecting mirror 17, pupil imaging optical system 18 and pupil camera 19.Infrared beacon 1 can be laser instrument laser, semiconductor laser laser diode and superradiance semiconductor device superluminescent diode-SLD; Wave-front corrector 7 can be deformation reflection mirror deformable mirror, liquid crystal wave-front corrector liquid crystal device, micromechanics distorting lens micro-machined deformable mirror and double piezoelectric ceramic distorting lens bimorph mirror; Hartmann wave front sensor 11 can be based on the Hartmann wave front sensor of microprism array, or based on the Hartmann wave front sensor of microlens array; Stimulating Optotype presenting apparatus 16 can be CRT monitor, business projector, colour liquid crystal display device, plasma scope, electroluminescent display and OLED; Described pupil camera 19 is infrared digital video camcorder; Described pupil imaging lighting source can be an infrarede emitting diode, or Array array infrared light supply.Eliminate the veiling glare of eye cornea and eliminate the method that can adopt the off-axis illumination; Perhaps adopt polarized light source illumination, fundus reflex is depolarization only, and the cornea scattered light is depolarization not then, detects different polarization states by analyzer and comes filtering cornea veiling glare.Except human eye 5 and computer 12, whole system is 1 housing encapsulation with the inner surface emissivity.
The little perimeter workflow of the adaptive optics of present embodiment is as follows: adjust human eye to correct position with head support.Infrared beacon light 1 enters person under inspection's pupil 5 by collimating mirror 2 collimations through first spectroscope 3, second spectroscope 4, forms a beacon light source on the optical fundus.Beacon light beam transmits the human eye pupil through fundus reflex, and the aberration that carries is a human eyes wave-front optical aberration.The light beam of infrared beacon 1 sees through second spectroscope 4, and Beam matching telescope 6 by wave-front corrector 7 reflections, enters Hartmann wave front sensor 11 by Beam matching telescope 8, the second reflecting mirrors 9, the 3rd spectroscope 10; 11 pairs of incident beams of Hartmann wave front sensor carry out aperture segmentation, and the light beam in each sub-aperture is focused on the image planes of CCD camera, and Wavefront sensor 11 is according to each sub-aperture light speckle side-play amount of gained image calculation.Computer 12 calculates wavefront slope in each sub-aperture according to each sub-aperture hot spot side-play amount, calculate the entrained human eyes wave-front optical aberration of light beam, calculate wave-front corrector 7 control voltages according to the relational matrix between actuator voltage on the wave-front corrector and the sub-aperture slope then; Voltage control signal changes the face type of wave-front corrector 7 mirror surfaces through each drive motors of high-voltage amplifier 13 amplification rear drive wave-front correctors 7, thereby proofreaies and correct human eyes wave-front optical aberration.After aberration correction was finished, computer 12 was stimulating a plurality of precalculated positions on the Optotype presenting apparatus 16 to show fixation target that is used for fixing person under inspection's sight line and the photostimulation sighting target that is used for providing to the person under inspection optical fundus photostimulation as the control device that stimulates sighting target.Sighting target imaging optical system 15 is convex lenss, after stimulating sighting target light through the sighting target imaging optical system with parallel light emergence, through the 3rd reflecting mirror 14, the 3rd spectroscope 10, second reflecting mirror 9, the second Beam matching telescope 8, wave-front corrector 7, the first Beam matching telescope 6, second spectroscope 4, described person under inspection's eyes are carried out the visual field to stimulate then; Pupil camera 19, person under inspection's pupil diameter changes described in the monitoring test process.When seeing described person under inspection under the condition of described fixation target, when described stimulation Optotype presenting apparatus display light stimulates sighting target, utilize the light beam of infrared beacon 1 to throw light at the moment, pupillary reflex light through second spectroscope 4, first spectroscope 3, first reflecting mirror 17 after, focus on by pupil imaging optical system 18 on the target surface of pupil camera 19, obtain pupil image, the pupil diameter that detects described person under inspection changes, and measures described person under inspection's the visual field.Wherein, pupil imaging optical system 18 is convex lenss.The used beacon beam of the present invention is the sightless infrared light of human eye, can avoid in testing process beacon beam human eye to be judged the influence of photostimulation sighting target.Whole visual field checking process, ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS are in the closed loop state, monitor and proofread and correct human eye aberration in real time, reduce to stimulate redundant influence greatly, make the not influence of irriate redundancy of perimetry process.
Hartmann wave front sensor 11 can be based on the Hartmann wave front sensor of microprism array, shown in Fig. 2 a.Form by microprism array 11-1, fourier transform lens 11-2 and the CCD 11-3 that is positioned at lens focal plane.Microprism array 11-1 is two-dimentional sawtooth shaped phase optical grating construction, and incident beam is carried out aperture segmentation, is divided into experimental process aperture light beam.Each sub-hole light produces the two-dimentional sawtooth shaped phase grating respective phase of passing through with it to be changed, and through fourier lense 11-2, arrives on the CCD11-3 that is positioned on the fourier lense 11-2 focal plane, forms spot array, and whole sub-aperture is evenly cut.Because incident beam carries the portrait wave front aberration, its each local dip plane wave produces new additive phase to two-dimentional sawtooth shaped phase grating in its sub-aperture, and this phase place changes in the facula position skew that is reflected in fourier lense 11-2 focal plane.Sub-aperture spot center is proportional to wavefront slope with respect to the skew of the focal spot center reference position of demarcating with the standard directional light.
Wherein, m=1～M, n=1～N are that sub-aperture is mapped to pixel region corresponding on the CCD 11-3 photosensitive target surface; M and N are respectively the horizontal and vertical pixel count that sub-aperture is mapped to corresponding region on the photosensitive target surface, I
NmBe (n, the m) signal received of individual pixel-by-pixel basis, x on the CCD 11-3 photosensitive target surface
Nm, y
NmBe respectively (n, m) the x coordinate of individual pixel and y coordinate.
2. calculate the wavefront slope g of incident wavefront again according to formula
Xi, g
Yi:
In the formula, (x
0, y
0) demarcate the spot center reference position that Hartmann sensor obtains for the standard directional light; During Hartmann sensor probing wave front-distortion, spot center is displaced to (x
i, y
i), finish the detection of Hartmann wave front sensor to signal, its operation principle sketch map is shown in Fig. 2 b.
Hartmann wave front sensor 11 also can be based on the Hartmann wave front sensor of microlens array, shown in Fig. 3 a, form by microlens array 11-4 and photoelectric detector 11-5, its operation principle is: incident beam is behind microlens array 11-4, form a spot array on its focal plane, the overall optical beam orifice is evenly cut apart; The spot array of preserving standard flat ripple incident generation is as nominal data.When having the wavefront incident of certain aberration, the local wavefront on each lenticule tilts to cause that the facula position on the microlens array 11-4 focal plane is offset that its operation principle sketch map is shown in Fig. 3 b.The hot spot signal that photoelectric detector 11-5 receives is handled by computer 12, and processing mode is identical with foregoing Hartmann wave front sensor based on microprism array.
By test, the slope response matrix R of the phasing amount of wave-front corrector 7 to Hartmann sensor 11 set up in the influence of antithetical phrase aperture slope when each driver applies unit voltage on the wave-front corrector 7.Each sub-aperture control voltage is in suitable scope the time, the phasing amount of wave-front corrector 7 and actuator voltage approximately linear, and satisfy principle of stacking, sub-aperture slope amount is also linear with actuator voltage, and satisfies superposition principle.If V is the control voltage matrix of wave-front corrector, the mean wave front slope matrix that produces thus in the sub-aperture of Hartmann sensor is G, then satisfies between the two:
G＝RV ③
Calculated required gauged wave front aberration slope G by Hartmann sensor 11, with generalized inverse get final product the control voltage of wave-front corrector 7:
V＝R
+G ④
Control signal is amplified the closed loop control that rear drive wave-front corrector 7 deformation reflection mirrors are realized wavefront correction through high-voltage amplifier 13.After the several times iteration, remaining wavefront error is corrected to minimum, and whole system obtains stable calibration result.Stimulate redundancy to be well controlled.
The activity of pupil is unified by sympathetic nervous system, and parasympathetic nervous system is controlled dilator pupillae respectively and sphincter pupillae is regulated, and it is a kind of stress that its platycoria dwindles.When in the optional position in normal visual field zone when person under inspection's eyes provide photostimulation, parasympathetic nervous system receives stimulus information, control sphincter pupillae reflexive is shunk, i.e. myosis reaction.After photostimulation disappeared, pupil dilation was shown in Fig. 5 a.This stress is the brain stem reflection, and the person under inspection can not Autonomous Control usually.Pupil camera 19 absorbs the human eye pupil image through pupil imaging optical system, first reflecting mirror, first spectroscope, second spectroscope.Infrared light supply lighting system is at the moment taked in the imaging illumination, and infrared light supply can be an infrarede emitting diode, or Array array infrared light supply.Computer 12 extracts pupil information and calculates pupil diameter by feature extracting method from the human eye pupil image that obtains, and judges the objective reaction that the person under inspection stimulates for what is called according to the change calculations myosis rate of pupil diameter as index then.
The present invention adopts threshold detection method analysis experimenter visual function, is similar to static perimeter.Threshold criteria is the minimum intensity of illumination that this position pupil contraction surpasses 3mm.The variation of stimulation point intensity of illumination is according to log unit, and ladder changes.By certain sample size, with the normal eye in the pupil contraction threshold value of each position as the reference threshold value.When detecting the experimenter,, change stimulus intensity from the reference threshold intensity, the duplicate detection precalculated position, just in time cause pupil contraction up to the photostimulation intensity of being given, the pupil contraction threshold value of retina each point with dimensional Graphics, is reflected experimenter's visual function indirectly.
In addition, the myosis rate can descend with advancing age, and some persons under inspection are very little and be difficult to detect to the myosis rate of single photostimulation in short-term.Therefore, when formulating the reference threshold value, need be according to all ages and classes group categories.In addition, under the stable case of no photostimulation, the variation of also can floating of the size of pupil diameter, therefore, only depend on the single photostimulation be difficult to judge pupil diameter whether since photostimulation cause.The method that adopts in short-term repeatedly same light to stimulate helps to judge the myosis reaction under the photostimulation situation.Fig. 5 b shows the person under inspection's pupil diameter situation of change under the double photostimulation situation, and in the example, normal eye's pupil diameter curve changes with photostimulation generation peak valley.In the practical operation, can set the once used stimulation quantity of single-point as the case may be, judge with more effective reaction to the person under inspection.Because pupil contraction influences by psychological factor, the testing environment peace and quiet of need trying one's best, the experimenter will fully loosen, to improve the accuracy that detects.
The color of photostimulation sighting target can change according to the requirement that detects.This is because amphiblestroid sensitivity changes the optimal stimulus spectrum difference of difference in functionality cell with the stimulation wavelength.Employing is carried out perimetry without the monochromatic light of wavelength as photostimulation, can effectively look the road gating, can screen the kind of sick cell more accurately, effectively screens the functional impairment on the details.
Aforesaid embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technology path of the present invention to be described, can construct different embodiments of the invention widely and does not break away from its aim and scope.Should be understood that, the invention is not restricted to its concrete example in real time, all should forgive within its claim scope.
Claims (10)
1. the little perimeter of adaptive optics is characterized in that comprising: infrared beacon (1), collimating mirror (2), first spectroscope (3), second spectroscope (4), human eye (5), the first Beam matching telescope (6), wave-front corrector (7), the second Beam matching telescope (8), second reflecting mirror (9), the 3rd spectroscope (10), Hartmann wave front sensor (11), computer (12), high-voltage amplifier (13), the 3rd reflecting mirror (14), sighting target imaging optical system (15), stimulate Optotype presenting apparatus (16), first reflecting mirror (17), pupil imaging optical system (18) and pupil camera (19);
The infrared beacon light that infrared beacon (1) sends is collimated by collimating mirror (2), behind first spectroscope (3), second spectroscope (4), enter human eye (5) pupil successively, optical fundus the people forms a luminous point, it is beacon, this beacon beam is through remarkable fundus reflex, transmit the human eye pupil, the aberration that carries is a human eyes wave-front optical aberration; The beacon beam that this aberration that carries is a human eyes wave-front optical aberration sees through second spectroscope (4) and Beam matching telescope (6) back is reflected by wave-front corrector (7), enters Hartmann wave front sensor (11) by the second Beam matching telescope (8), second reflecting mirror (9) and the 3rd spectroscope (10) again; Hartmann wave front sensor (11) carries out aperture segmentation to incident beam, and the light beam in each sub-aperture is focused on the image planes of CCD camera, according to each sub-aperture light speckle side-play amount of gained image calculation, sends in the computer (12); Computer (12) calculates wavefront slope in each sub-aperture according to each sub-aperture hot spot side-play amount, calculates the entrained human eyes wave-front optical aberration of light beam, and obtains wave-front corrector (7) control voltage according to the human eyes wave-front optical aberration that records through the control software processes; The control voltage signal changes the face type of wave-front corrector (7) mirror surface through each drive motors of high-voltage amplifier (13) amplification rear drive wave-front corrector (7), thereby proofreaies and correct human eyes wave-front optical aberration; After aberration correction is finished, computer (12) is as the control device that stimulates sighting target, stimulating a plurality of precalculated positions on the Optotype presenting apparatus (16) to show fixation target that is used for fixing person under inspection's sight line and the photostimulation sighting target that is used for providing photostimulation to the person under inspection optical fundus, stimulate sighting target through sighting target imaging optical system (15), the 3rd reflecting mirror (14), the 3rd spectroscope (10), second reflecting mirror (9), the second Beam matching telescope (8), wave-front corrector (7), the first Beam matching telescope (6), second spectroscope (4), described person under inspection's eyes are carried out the visual field to stimulate; The pupil diameter that pupil camera (19) is used to monitor person under inspection described in the test process changes, when seeing described person under inspection under the condition of described fixation target, when described stimulation Optotype presenting apparatus (16) display light stimulates sighting target, pupil camera (19) utilizes the pupil image of infrared illumination picked-up at the moment, the pupil diameter that detects described person under inspection changes, and measures described person under inspection's the visual field.
2. the little perimeter of adaptive optics according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described infrared beacon (1) is infrared laser, infrared semiconductor laser or infrared excess radiation-emitting semi-conductor device.
3. the little perimeter of adaptive optics according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described wave-front corrector (7) is deformation reflection mirror, liquid crystal wave-front corrector, micromechanics deformation of thin membrane mirror or double piezoelectric ceramic distorting lens.
4. the little perimeter of adaptive optics according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described Hartmann wave front sensor (11) is based on the Hartmann wave front sensor of microprism array, or based on the Hartmann wave front sensor of microlens array.
5. the little perimeter of adaptive optics according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described stimulation Optotype presenting apparatus (16) comprises CRT monitor or business projector or colour liquid crystal display device or plasma scope or electroluminescent display or OLED for having the demonstration of the background luminance of regulating screen and sighting target brightness, size.
6. the little perimeter of adaptive optics according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described pupil camera (19) is infrared digital video camcorder.
7. the little perimeter of adaptive optics according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described stimulation Optotype presenting apparatus (16) has regulates the function that stimulates the sighting target color.
8. the little perimeter of adaptive optics according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the adjusting of position is carried out by person under inspection's head fixed support in the position of described human eye (5).
9. the little perimeter of adaptive optics according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the used lighting source of described pupil camera (19) imaging is infrared light supply at the moment, comprises infrarede emitting diode or Array array infrared light supply.
10. the little perimeter of adaptive optics according to claim 7 is characterized in that: described stimulation sighting target is the photostimulation of the of short duration flicker of impulse form.
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| CN2011102016960A CN102283633A (en) | 2011-07-19 | 2011-07-19 | Self-adaptive optical micro-perimeter |
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