CN102282088A - Elevator - Google Patents
Elevator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102282088A CN102282088A CN201080004591XA CN201080004591A CN102282088A CN 102282088 A CN102282088 A CN 102282088A CN 201080004591X A CN201080004591X A CN 201080004591XA CN 201080004591 A CN201080004591 A CN 201080004591A CN 102282088 A CN102282088 A CN 102282088A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- lift car
- counterweight
- elevator
- rope
- drg
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
- B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
- B66B5/12—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions in case of rope or cable slack
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
- B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
- B66B5/16—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well
- B66B5/18—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces
- B66B5/22—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces by means of linearly-movable wedges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
- B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B17/00—Hoistway equipment
- B66B17/12—Counterpoises
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
- B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
- B66B5/16—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well
Abstract
Elevator, preferably - a passenger elevator, which comprises an elevator car (2), and at least one hoisting rope (R) for moving and supporting the elevator car, a traction sheave (6) that acts on the hoisting rope, and a power source for rotating the traction sheave (6). The counterweight (1) of the elevator comprises a brake for decelerating and/or preventing at least upward movement of the counterweight (1).
Description
Technical field
The objective of the invention is a kind of elevator, preferably, a kind of elevator that is suitable for passenger traffic at least.
Background technology
The most common ground, lift car and counterweight are via moving in elevator by the ropes of traction wheel motion.Traction wheel can be used under the situation that lift car is moving downward by being directed to the kinematic velocity that lift car is braked lift car from the power that traction wheel upwards draws with the ropes between traction wheel and the lift car.Alternatively, under such situation, the counterweight of upward movement can not be braked with the ropes between traction wheel and the counterweight, can not be along the rope transmission because promote the power of counterweight downwards.Traditionally, this problem solves with a kind of device, and counterweight and lift car are walked around the compensates rope or the equivalent that are supported on the wheel flutter in its position with place, bottom at elevator and be connected in this device.Therefore this rope also can transmit and make power that lift car slows down to counterweight and adopt and apply on counterweight from the bearing force of above-mentioned wheel flutter its power of pulling downwards.Thus, it prevents that counterweight continues motion under the situation that lift car stops suddenly.Simultaneously, it prevents the lax of the ropes between the counterweight and traction wheel in these cases.Must prevent such continuation campaign, because when motion finally stops owing to action of gravity, counterweight can make its sense of motion opposite and can drop to be suspended on the rope downwards by lax rope, this drops and can cause dangerous situation, because the impact that causes by dropping also can be delivered to lift car via ropes.Described solution also gives compensate function usually.This is essential because when ropes is very heavy with respect to the load of elevator, their appreciable impacts the state of equilibrium of elevator.Lift car and the counterweight position in elevator in operational process, change and some elevator ropes from the lift car lateral movement of traction wheel to the counterweight side.This overbalance is compensated traditionally because walk around that every meter quality of the rope of aforementioned wheel flutter is assembled into so that its be applied on the lift car and counterweight on power eliminated aforesaid overbalance.
A problem of aforementioned solution is that they have increased the motion parts of elevator and have made this solution complicated and expensive.Similarly, wheel flutter must be arranged in the bottom space of elevator, and it has increased the needs to bottom space.Also increased the acceleration quality of elevator simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is and will eliminate, especially, the aforesaid drawbacks of prior art solution.More specifically, the objective of the invention is to produce the simple more elevator of the previous elevator of a kind of ratio.
The objective of the invention is to realize the one or more of following advantage, wherein:
A kind of safe elevator of-realization;
A kind of elevator that when stopping suddenly, shows safety of-realization;
A kind of elevator that does not have compensates rope that forms of-realization;
-realizing a kind of elevator, the ropes of this elevator does not so gently have compensates rope so that this elevator can form, however this elevator is safe under (jumping) situation of beating;
-realize a kind of elevator, wherein move and quicken quality and axle-load ratio was littler in the past;
-realize that a kind of elevator, the rope of this elevator are light and have high tensile strength and extensional rigidity with respect to its dead weight;
-realize a kind of elevator, this elevator is better than in the past to hi-heat tolerance;
-realize a kind of elevator, the rope of this elevator has high permeability of heat and good temperature resistance;
-realize a kind of elevator, the bottom gap of this elevator is well-to-do;
-realize a kind of elevator, the rope of this elevator is light;
-realize a kind of elevator, wherein there be not the discountinuity and the intermittence of rope, thus, the rope of elevator is noise-free and is favourable aspect vibration;
The elevator of a kind of energy economy of-realization;
-realize a kind of elevator, wherein the deceleration of car and/or counterweight can strengthen by drg in the traction wheel braking procedure;
-realize wherein preventing that with a drg lift car from moving from stopping layer under the situation that door is opened easily by a kind of elevator.
We can say that elevator according to the present invention is characterised in that disclosed content in the characteristic of claim 1.Other embodiment of the present invention are characterised in that disclosed content in other claims.Some embodiment of the present invention also discusses in the application's specification sheets part with in the accompanying drawing.The application's summary of the invention also can be defined as to be different from and provide in the claim.Content of the present invention also can comprise several independent inventions, if especially the present invention considers in view of wording or implicit subtask or from the advantage that realizes or the visual angle of advantage classification.In the case, some characteristic that comprises in the claims sees it may is unnecessary from the visual angle of independent inventive concept.The feature of each embodiment can combine in the framework that is applied to basic design of the present invention with other embodiment.
According to elevator of the present invention, preferred elevator comprises lift car, at least one is used to the ropes that makes elevator cab movement and support lift car, the propulsion source that acts on the traction wheel on the ropes and be used to make the traction wheel rotation.The counterweight of elevator comprises the drg that is used to slow down and/or prevents the upward movement at least of counterweight.One of advantage is that beating of counterweight can be prevented and cause the impact of lift car is prevented after beating.On the other hand, drg can make the speed of counterweight slow down, and it is for other reasons, for example in order to improve the traction wheel braking or in order to prevent that its car when the stop layer that door is opened from sinking.
In one embodiment of the invention, elevator is formed does not have compensates rope.Thus, the whole rope of elevator is light.
In one embodiment of the invention, one/a plurality of ropes, it is arranged to make lift car and counterweight motion, only comprises nonmetallic bearing part.Thus, one/a plurality of ropes are light.The material of these types provides in other place of the application, is most preferably composite material.And based on the bearing part of aramid fibre, for example the aromatic poly amide sennit is suitable for this.
In one embodiment of the invention, however elevator comprises the trailing cable that electricity and/or information is led to car.
In one embodiment of the invention, elevator forms does not have compensates rope, more particularly, there is not a kind of such compensates rope, promptly this compensates rope makes the rope quality that reaches the ropes of traction wheel and compensates rope from the opposite side of traction wheel lead to the load equalization of traction wheel so that their keep roughly the same, no matter and the position of lift car how.
In one embodiment of the invention, counterweight at least, also preferred lift car comprises drg, and this drg is corresponding with guide rail, and described counterweight/lift car moves under the control of drg.
In one embodiment of the invention, drg is to prevent the device of beating, and prevents that promptly aforesaid counterweight and/or lift car from beating, and for example, the free motion of counterweight continues under the situation about too soon slowing down with the speed that prevents at lift car.Like this, elevator even can form and do not have compensates rope.In the case, ropes is preferably light, preferably has certain type that describes in this application.
In one embodiment of the invention, being included in drg in the counterweight is arranged to brake under lift car stops or making at least situation that its speed slows down suddenly, and in addition preferably, be included in drg in the lift car and be arranged under counterweight stops or making at least situation that its speed slows down suddenly, brake.Like this, elevator even can form and do not have compensates rope.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the deceleration/decel of aforesaid elevator car or counterweight stops suddenly or is 9.81 meter per seconds when slowing down aforementioned
2Perhaps bigger, and aforementioned drg to be preferably arranged for be 9.81 meter per seconds at aforementioned deceleration/decel only
2Or start under the bigger situation.
In one embodiment of the invention, if counterweight comprises that the deceleration/decel that is arranged to lift car surpasses a certain preestablished limit value and just starts the device that is included in the aforementioned drg in the counterweight.For example this can be by being adjusted to suitable the realization based on the rope tension of the ropes that is connected to counterweight with spring force F.Alternatively, elevator can be included as the device that this purpose is used for determining the acceleration/accel of lift car and is used for starting based on this acceleration/accel the drg of actuator.In the case, can use undersized electronic solution, it does not need complicated mechanical.
In one embodiment of the invention, if lift car comprises that the deceleration/decel that is arranged to counterweight surpasses a certain preestablished limit value and just starts the device that is included in the drg in the lift car.For example this can be by being adjusted to suitable the realization based on the rope tension of the ropes that is connected to lift car with spring force F.Alternatively, elevator can comprise the device that is used for determining the acceleration/accel of counterweight for this purpose and is used for starting based on this acceleration/accel the drg of actuator.In the case, can use undersized electronic solution, it does not need complicated mechanical.
In one embodiment of the invention, the size of the braking force of drg be fit to so that its can not cause empty lift car under any action situation of drg greater than the deceleration/decel of a certain predetermined value, this predetermined value is at the 3-5 meter per second
2Therefore elevator is safe.
In one embodiment of the invention, the braking that is included in the drg in the lift car and/or is included in the drg (11) in the counterweight is arranged to because the tension force of ropes reduces, for example after the tension force of ropes (R) has been reduced to below a certain limit tension, begin.
In one embodiment of the invention, at least the drg that is included in the lift car is and the corresponding safety device of the guide rail of described lift car, the preferred safety device that also is connected to the controller of overrunning of elevator, this controller of overrunning starts aforesaid safety device after the kinematic velocity of lift car has surpassed a certain preestablished limit value.
In one embodiment of the invention, described drg makes that it is with greater than 2 meter per seconds after starting
2Acceleration/accel, but be up to 9.81 meter per seconds
2Acceleration/accel, aforesaid elevator car or counterweight are stopped.
In one embodiment of the invention, ropes (individually or with cooresponding rope) is arranged to make lift car and the counterweight motion on the opposite end that preferably is suspended on rope.
In one embodiment of the invention, compensates rope or equivalent are not connected to counterweight and/or lift car, this compensates rope or equivalent can with it/they with the power pulling downwards of the vertical position that depends on described lift car/counterweight so that the value of power increase along with the lift car upward movement, and along with lift car moves downward and reduces.
In one embodiment of the invention, drg otherwise start under the situation of begin with the kinematic velocity of the lift car of mutually the same speed motion and counterweight to differ from one another (diverge).Elevator is included as the device that this purpose is used for the kinematic velocity of definite lift car and counterweight.When the basis of action is the difference of kinematic velocity, can use undersized electronic solution, it does not need complicated mechanical.
In one embodiment of the invention, counterweight and lift car are not connected with rope or the equivalent that place, bottom at elevator walks around wheel flutter.
In one embodiment of the invention, aforementioned ropes comprises at least one, and is preferably a plurality of, the bearing part, this bearing part is a composite material, and this composite material comprises the reinforcing fiber that is embedded in the polymer substrate, and these reinforcing fibers are preferably carbon fiber or glass fibre.Therefore rope can form light, rigidity, durable and manufacture simple.
In one embodiment of the invention, the bearing part of aforementioned composite material occupies the major part of the cross-sectional plane of rope.
In one embodiment of the invention, the operation of elevator highly surpasses 30 meters, preferred 30-80 rice, and 40-80 rice most preferably, this elevator forms does not have compensates rope.Therefore ropes is so light so that elevator does not need compensates rope.In the case, one/a plurality of ropes (R) are preferably the rope of aforesaid composite material.
In one embodiment of the invention, the width of rope is greater than the thickness in a lateral direction at rope.Therefore, the service life of rope is longer, because the almost wearing and tearing that do not caused by its bending.
In one embodiment of the invention, the bearing part is to be solid elongated rod-like element.
In one embodiment of the invention, the bearing part is parallel to the longitudinal direction of rope.
In one embodiment of the invention, each reinforcing fiber is evenly distributed in the aforementioned matrix.
In one embodiment of the invention, aforesaid reinforcing fiber is a fiber continuous on the longitudinal direction of rope, and it is preferably continuous in the distance of the whole length of rope.
In one embodiment of the invention, aforesaid reinforcing fiber preferably is engaged in the bearing part of homogeneous in by the material that reinforcing fiber is embedded into polymer substrate in the fabrication phase by aforesaid polymer substrate.
In one embodiment of the invention, aforementioned bearing part comprises the straight reinforcing fiber parallel with the longitudinal direction of rope, and this fiber is adhered in the equal part with polymer substrate.
In one embodiment of the invention, roughly all reinforcing fibers of aforesaid bearing part are on the longitudinal direction of rope.
In one embodiment of the invention, the structure of bearing part continues in the whole distance of rope roughly the samely.
In one embodiment of the invention, polymer substrate is an inelastic body.
In one embodiment of the invention, the modulus of elasticity (E) of polymer substrate (M) is greater than 2GPa, most preferably greater than 2.5GPa, and further preferably in the scope of 2.5-10GPa, the most preferably in the scope of 2.5-3.5GPa.
In one embodiment of the invention, polymer substrate comprises epoxy resin, polyester, phenolic plastic or vinyl esters.
In one embodiment of the invention, the surf zone above 50% of the cross-sectional plane of bearing part is aforesaid reinforcing fiber, it is preferred so that 50%-80% is aforesaid reinforcing fiber, most preferably so that 55%-70% is aforesaid reinforcing fiber, most preferably about 60% surf zone is that reinforcing fiber and about 40% is a host material.
In one embodiment of the invention, reinforcing fiber forms uniform bearing part with matrix, and portion within it is between the fiber or the motion of the relative wear between fiber and matrix is basic does not take place.
In one embodiment of the invention, the width of bearing part is greater than the thickness in the cord traverse direction.
In one embodiment of the invention, rope comprises a plurality of aforementioned bearing parts side by side.
In one embodiment of the invention, the bearing part is around there being polymeric layer, and it is elastic body preferably, most preferably is the elastic body of high friction, for example, and polyurethane.
In one embodiment of the invention, the reinforcing fiber that the bearing part comprises aforesaid polymer substrate, is engaged with each other by polymer substrate, and possible overplate, and the possible additive that is mixed in the polymer substrate around fiber.
In one embodiment of the invention, roughly all ropes of the ropes of elevator are the ropes that comprises the composite material of the above-mentioned type.Therefore, ropes is so light so that elevator does not need compensates rope.
In one embodiment of the invention, aforesaid one/a plurality of ropes (R) do not comprise the metallo-bearing part.Therefore, one of elevator/a plurality of ropes R are light.
Description of drawings
Below, by means of some embodiment the present invention is described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 illustrates an embodiment according to elevator of the present invention;
Fig. 2 schematically shows the cross-sectional plane of a rope, uses it for according to being favourable in the elevator of the present invention;
Fig. 3 illustrates a preferred brake structural according to the elevator of Fig. 1;
The enlarged detail of the cross-sectional plane of the schematically illustrated rope according to elevator of the present invention of Fig. 4.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 illustrates an embodiment according to elevator of the present invention.This elevator comprises: lift car 2, and it is mounted among under construction the elevator S and moves; And at least one ropes R that is used to make lift car 2 motions and supports this lift car 2; Act on the traction wheel 6 on the ropes R; And the propulsion source (not shown, for example motor) that is used to make traction wheel 6 rotations.Each all comprises drg 11,21 lift car and counterweight, and by this drg, the speed of described lift car/counterweight can be decelerated.This drg is corresponding to the guide rail 12,22 of elevator, and therefore is arranged through utilization and slows down needed bearing force and the speed of car/counterweight is slowed down from guide rail.
This elevator also comprises the device 10,20 of the braking that is used to begin aforementioned drg 11,21.By means of these devices, being included in drg in the counterweight is arranged to brake under lift car stops or making at least situation that its speed slows down suddenly, and correspondingly, be included in drg in the lift car and be arranged under counterweight stops or making at least situation that its speed slows down suddenly, brake.Therefore after the slowing down suddenly of lift car or counterweight, the continuation campaign of moving on the direction opposite with aforesaid elevator car or counterweight of lift car or counterweight is prevented or is at least significantly reduced.
Aforementioned means 10,20th, such, promptly by them, the braking that is included in the drg in the lift car and/or is included in the drg in the counterweight is arranged to reduce to begin owing to the tension force of ropes.A method for optimizing realizing these devices is shown among Fig. 3.
Preferably, be included in drg 21 in the lift car 2 and be safety device corresponding to the guide rail 22 of described lift car 2, the controller of overrunning that preferably also is connected to elevator is (not shown, for example one of the prior art of the type) safety device, this controller of overrunning activates safety device after the kinematic velocity of lift car surpasses a certain preestablished limit value.The gravel size decision of this safety device is so that it can make described lift car or counterweight stop fast, this safety device is preferably arranged in action (tripping) afterwards when the load of lift car is 0 nominal load, and preferred under the situation that lift car for example moves greater than 0.5 meter per second with driven speed, make the described 2-10 of having meter per second
2The described lift car or the counterweight of acceleration/accel stop.
Shown in the preferably light rope of rope R (or many rope R) of elevator, for example the whole substantially load-bearing surface zone of rope is the composite material of reinforcing fiber.Light rope can make compensates rope be omitted.Shown in the elevator, compensates rope is not connected to counterweight or lift car, the i.e. rope or the equivalent that can they be pulled down with a power, wherein said power depends on the position of lift car/counterweight, so that the value of this power increases along with the lift car upward movement and along with lift car moves downward and reduces.Shown in elevator in, counterweight and lift car all are not connected in rope or the equivalent of walking around wheel flutter in the bottom of elevator.Such rope is arranged to have such purpose usually in elevator, promptly in aforesaid elevator car or counterweight during at upward movement, by being used to bearing force from aforementioned wheel flutter, on lift car and counterweight, apply one with its power that pulls down, and under counterweight or lift car stopped or making at least situation that its speed slows down suddenly, it prevented or reduces the lax of ropes at least in fact.Under the sort of situation, preferred counterweight and/or lift car comprise drg, this drg can make the motion of described counterweight or lift car stop/slowing down so that it can not beated, in the case, described drg is carried out so-called pinning function, or its corresponding function, promptly it plays the effect of resilience-proof device.Therefore the disappearance of compensates rope need be used to prevent the additive method of beating, and it is to solve by aforementioned drg 11,21 with by brakeage device 10,20 in this application.
The device that illustrates, wherein lift car and/or counterweight each all comprise drg, under following situation, also can be used as sure brake if necessary:
-be associated with unintentional motion of door regional movement when leaving of opening from door when car, and/or,
-as terminal speed reduction gearing in the terminal control area of elevator with therein to terminal floor near according to speed reference owing to improve deceleration in the braking procedure under the situation that fault can not normally realize, and/or
-as wherein according to the booster of the Annex M of the EN81-1 emergency braking in those elevators that the yardstick criterion of " promptly stopping " load situation does not realize, it is a representative type in the elevator more crucial than driven of emergency braking with regard to the traction wheel friction.
The cross-sectional plane of the schematically illustrated rope R of Fig. 2, it uses in for example according to the elevator of Fig. 1 in elevator according to the present invention is favourable.Rope R is banded, be rope with the rectangular first direction of the longitudinal direction of this rope on have the thickness t of measurement, and for the longitudinal direction of rope and with rectangular other directions of aforesaid first direction on have the width w of measurement, this width w is in fact greater than thickness t.The structure optimization of rope continues in the whole distance of rope roughly the samely, but optional, because if the words of wishing can become cross sectional arrangement intermittently to change, for example, is dentation.Rope R comprises bearing part TM, and it is nonmetallic fiber composite materials, and this bearing part is included in carbon fiber or the glass fibre in the polymer substrate, preferred carbon fiber.Bearing part TM with fiber rope vertically, for this reason, rope keeps its structure when bending.Therefore individual fiber is orientated at the longitudinal direction of rope basically.In the case, when the pulling rope, fiber and power are in a straight line.Aforesaid reinforcing fiber is engaged in the bearing part of the homogeneous with aforesaid polymer substrate.Therefore, aforesaid bearing part TM is a solid elongated rod-like element.Aforesaid reinforcing fiber preferably is long continuous fiber on the longitudinal direction of rope, its preferably in the distance of the whole length of rope continuously.Preferably, the fiber as much as possible of aforementioned bearing part, most preferably, all basically reinforcing fibers of aforementioned bearing part are on the longitudinal direction of rope.Therefore reinforcing fiber does not preferably relative to each other twine basically.Therefore, can be made into be identical in the whole distance of rope to the structure of bearing part as far as possible.Aforesaid reinforcing fiber is evenly distributed in the aforesaid bearing part as far as possible, so that bearing part homogeneous as far as possible on the longitudinal direction of rope.The bending direction of rope is preferably in the drawings for up or down.Rope R shown in Figure 2 comprises a plurality of bearing composites part TM, and their shape of cross section is a rectangle and around polymeric layer c arranged.Alternatively, a bearing part TM can form a rope alone, can be with or without polymeric layer c.
The advantage of shown structure is the roughly unaltered insertion of matrix maintenance reinforcing fiber around reinforcing fiber.It equates the distribution that is applied to the power on the fiber by its elasticity a little, has reduced contacting and the inter deterioration of rope of fiber and fiber, so the service life of having improved rope.Possible longitudinal movement between the fiber is the elastic shear that is applied on the matrix, but on turn, mainly is the problem of stretching of all material of composite material part, rather than their problems of relative to each other moving.Reinforcing fiber most preferably is carbon fiber, in the case, especially, has realized good extensional rigidity and light structure and good hot attribute.Alternatively, be suitable for some application by its glass fibre reinforcing fiber that has obtained better electrical insulating property at least.In the case, the tension rigidity of rope also can be lower a little, so that can use the traction wheel of minor diameter.Composite matrix, wherein each fiber distributes as far as possible uniformly, most preferably is epoxy resin, and it has good viscosity and its by means of glass fibre and carbon fiber and advantageously show as very solid to stiffener.Alternatively, for example, can use polyester or vinyl esters.Most preferably, bearing composites partly comprises about 60% carbon fiber and 40% epoxy resin.
In this application, the bearing part refers to the part of rope, the rope of this part is carried on the longitudinal direction of rope and is applied on the described rope, for example is applied on the rope sizable part of load by lift car and/or the counterweight that is supported by rope.Load causes tension force on the bearing part on the longitudinal direction of rope, this tension force in described bearing part on the longitudinal direction of rope to front transfer.Therefore, the bearing part for example can will be delivered to counterweight and/or lift car by the power that traction wheel is applied on the rope on the longitudinal direction of rope, so that make their motions.For example, in Fig. 1, at this, counterweight 2 and lift car 3 are suspended on the rope R, and on the bearing part TM at least one (preferably all) rope R of rope, this bearing part extends to counterweight 2 from lift car 3 more precisely.Rope R is fixed to counterweight or lift car.The bearing part of tension force from fixed part along rope that is produced by counterweight and/or lift car upwards is delivered to traction wheel 2 at least from counterweight/lift car.The reinforcing fiber of bearing part preferably all is same material basically.
Fig. 4 illustrates the preferred structure of the bearing part TM that is used for Fig. 2.The part cross-sectional plane of the surface texture of bearing part (as what see from the longitudinal direction of rope) illustrates in the ring in the drawings, and according to this cross-sectional plane, the reinforcing fiber in the bearing part that the elsewhere of this application occurs is preferably placed in the polymer substrate.This illustrates reinforcing fiber F and how roughly to be evenly distributed among the polymer substrate M, and this matrix is centered on by fiber and it is fixed to fiber.Polymer substrate M fill between the reinforcing fiber F the zone and will intramatrical all basically reinforcing fiber F bonded to each other be uniform solid material.In the case, the wearing and tearing campaign between wearing and tearing campaign between the reinforcing fiber F and reinforcing fiber F and the matrix M is prevented basically.Have chemical bond between preferred all individual reinforcing fiber F and the matrix M, one of its advantage is the homogeneity of structure.In order to strengthen chemical bond, if necessary, but optional, can between reinforcing fiber and polymer substrate M, there be the overplate (not shown).Polymer substrate M is at describe the sort of of the elsewhere of this application and therefore comprises as the additive of characteristic that is used to finely tune matrix that adds base polymer to.The inelastic body that polymer substrate M is preferably hard.Reinforcing fiber in the bearing part in polymer substrate means in the present invention that at this each reinforcing fiber for example is engaged with each other in by the material that they is embedded into polymer substrate in the fabrication phase with polymer substrate.In the case, the gap of each fiber that is engaged with each other with polymer substrate comprises the poly-mer of matrix.Therefore, in the present invention, preferably a large amount of reinforcing fibers that are engaged with each other on the longitudinal direction of rope are distributed in the polymer substrate.Reinforcing fiber preferably roughly equably, promptly be distributed in heterogeneity in the polymer substrate so that when the direction of the cross-sectional plane of rope is seen the bearing part even as much as possible.In other words, therefore not very big change of the fibre density in the cross-sectional plane of bearing part.Reinforcing fiber forms uniform bearing part with matrix,, relative wearing and tearing campaign does not take place within it when rope is crooked.Each reinforcing fiber of bearing part is mainly centered on by polymer substrate, but fiber-fiber contact is some local generations, have that controlling fiber position relative to each other is difficult in the polymer substrate because be full of at the same time, on the other hand from the visual angle of function of the present invention, eliminate perfectly thoroughly that any fiber and contacting of fiber need fully not to be.Yet, if wish to reduce their generation at random, each reinforcing fiber can be coated in advance so that before each reinforcing fiber is engaged with each other polymer covering around them.In the present invention, each reinforcing fiber of bearing part can comprise around the material of their polymer substrate, so that polymer substrate is directly against reinforcing fiber, but alternatively, thin overplate, for example be arranged on the surface of reinforcing fiber bed material (primer) with the chemical bond that is improved to host material in the fabrication phase, can be between them.Each reinforcing fiber is distributed evenly in the bearing part so that the gap of each reinforcing fiber comprises the poly-mer of matrix.Preferably, most of gaps of each reinforcing fiber are filled with the poly-mer of matrix in the bearing part.Most preferably, all basically gaps of the reinforcing fiber of each in the bearing part all are filled with the poly-mer of matrix.The matrix of bearing part most preferably is being hard aspect its material behavior.Hard matrix helps the support reinforcing fiber, particularly when rope is crooked.When bending, tension force is applied on the reinforcing fiber on that side of outside face of crooked rope and is being squeezed on the carbon fiber on the longitudinal direction at them on that side of inside face.This extruding makes great efforts to crumple reinforcing fiber.When hard material was selected as polymer substrate, crumpling of this fiber can be avoided, because hard material can support fiber, prevented that therefore them from crumpling and making the tension force in the rope to equate.Especially, in order to reduce the bending spring of rope, so preferred polymers matrix is a kind of hard, preferably is not elastic body (elastomeric example: poly-mer rubber) or that show as elasticity or flexibility.Most preferred material is epoxy resin, polyester, phenolic plastic and vinyl esters.Polymer substrate preferably hard so that its modulus of elasticity (E) greater than 2GPa, most preferably greater than 2.5GPa.In the case, modulus of elasticity (E) is preferably in the scope of 2.5-10GPa, most preferably in the scope of 2.5-3.5GPa.
Fig. 3 illustrates a kind of preferred brake structural according to the elevator of Fig. 1.This elevator comprises the device 10,20 that is used to start brake 11,21, this drg is for example corresponding to the guide rail 12 of elevator, 22, in the case, so it can be arranged through guiding and makes the speed of car and/or counterweight reduce from the guide rail needed power of slowing down.Device 11,21st, such type, that is, the braking that is included in the drg in the lift car and/or is included in the drg in the counterweight by them is arranged to because the tension force of ropes reduces to begin.Therefore, by means of these devices 10,20, being included in drg in the counterweight can easily be arranged to stop suddenly or reduce at least under the situation of its speed and brake at lift car, correspondingly, being included in drg in the lift car is arranged to stop suddenly or lower at least under the situation of its speed braking in counterweight.Therefore after the unexpected deceleration of lift car or counterweight, with the opposite direction of aforesaid elevator car or counterweight on the continuation campaign of the lift car that moves or counterweight prevented or at least significantly reduced.Preferably when drg 11 was the drg of lift car, it was and the corresponding safety device of guide rail preferably also to be connected to the safety device of the controller of overrunning (for example being the rope of fast controller) of elevator.
Device 10,20 comprises spring 41, the power that this spring opposing is applied by the longitudinal tension force of slack-free rope R.This drg is assembled into owing to being started by the lax movement effects that causes of ropes R.More precisely, if the tension force of rope R reduces, spring force Fs can make the part that is attached to drg 11,21, and most preferably firm banking (for example, towing plate) 42 (downward in the figure) moves, and via lever 43,44,45 make the safety device action.The lever 43 of leverage with allow around the mode of pivot 48 bendings be supported on the lift car 2 or on the counterweight 1 to transmit motion to the lever 45 of drg by lever or by cable 44, this lever 45 can start braking from the movement effects that passes to it.In the solution that provides, lever 45 promotes roller 46 around pivot 47 rotations and between the wedge-shaped surface of the drg 11,21 of guide rail 12,22 and safety device type.When lever 45 was crooked, in the figure, its end moved downward with respect to wedge-like portion and roller moves downward simultaneously and move to the left side with respect to (being supported in the groove in the lever 45 in the mode that allows motion) wedge shape.The continuation upward movement of the lift car/counterweight of upward movement (device that comprises this figure) is with roller even be wedged between wedge-like portion and the guide rail more tightly and elevator is stopped.When rope R owing to the fracture of rope or because beat (continuation of motion) when relax, in other words, when rope stopped to support lift car, the loading of spring discharged, in the case, operating effort discharges so that safety device moves, elevator blocks thus.In the solution that provides, rope R is fixed to its base 42 with carriage G.Base 42 can move along the direction shown in the arrow on guide rail 49 with respect to counterweight 11 or lift car 21, yet this guide rail has limited distance and the motion of certain distance thereon by base 42 motions.Drg 11,21 is supported on the framework B.
Those skilled in the art are apparent that, the invention is not restricted to the foregoing description, wherein adopt example to describe the present invention, but many modifications of the present invention are possible with different embodiment in the framework of the inventive concept that is limited by the claim that provides.Those skilled in the art are apparent that, the present invention also can with the another kind of rope that is provided is provided, the rope of other materials alternative composite material for example, for example metal or aromatic poly amide sennit use together.Be apparent that also the quantity of the bearing part of the rope that is provided can be greater than or less than shown, and the ropes of elevator can comprise many ropes.Be apparent that also drg does not need corresponding with guide rail but it is alternately corresponding to the rope of for example elevator.
Claims (18)
1. elevator, preferred elevator, this elevator comprises lift car (2), at least one is used to make described lift car and counterweight (1) to move and supports the ropes (R) of described lift car and counterweight (1), the propulsion source that acts on the traction wheel (6) on this ropes and be used to make traction wheel (6) rotation, it is characterized in that described counterweight (1) comprises the drg (11) that is used to make the upward movement at least of described counterweight (1) to slow down and/or prevents the upward movement at least of described counterweight (1).
2. according to each the described elevator in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that described elevator is formed does not have compensates rope.
3. according to each the described elevator in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, one/a plurality of ropes (R) include only nonmetallic bearing part (TM), and wherein said one/a plurality of ropes (R) are arranged to make lift car (2) and counterweight (1) motion.
4. according to each the described elevator in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that described drg (11) is to prevent from the device of beating and be configured to start when stopping fast when lift car (2), thus the beating of the counterweight of preventing (1).
5. according to each the described elevator in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, at least counterweight (1), preferably and lift car (2), comprise the drg (11,21) corresponding to guide rail, described counterweight (1)/lift car (2) moves under the control of this drg.
6. according to each the described elevator in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, described counterweight (1) and/or lift car (2) are if comprise that the deceleration that is arranged to counterweight (1) and/or lift car (2) surpasses a certain preestablished limit value and just starts the drg (11 that is included in counterweight (1) and/or the lift car (2), 21) device (10,20).
7. according to each the described elevator in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, described drg (11, the size of brake power 21) is fit to so that at drg (11,21) deceleration that it can not cause empty lift car (2) in any action situation is greater than a certain predetermined value, and this predetermined value is at the 3-5 meter per second
2Between.
8. according to each the described elevator in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, the braking that is included in the drg (21) in the lift car (2) and/or is included in the drg (11) in the counterweight (1) is arranged to because the tension force of described ropes reduces, for example after the tension force of ropes (R) has been reduced to below a certain limit tension, begin.
9. according to each the described elevator in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, described counterweight (1) comprise the tension force of at least one rope (R) that is arranged to determine to support described counterweight and below this tension force has dropped to a certain limit tension after start the device (10) that is included in the drg (11) in the counterweight (1).
10. according to each the described elevator in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, described lift car (2) comprise the tension force of at least one rope (R) that is arranged to determine to support described lift car and below this tension force has dropped to a certain limit tension after start the device (20) that is included in the drg (21) in the lift car (2).
11. each the described elevator according in the aforementioned claim is characterized in that described device (10,20) comprises spring (41), the power that the opposing of this spring is applied by the longitudinal tension force of slack-free rope (R).
12. each the described elevator according in the aforementioned claim is characterized in that, described drg is assembled into owing to being started by the movement effects of the lax spring that causes (41) of ropes (R).
13. according to each the described elevator in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, at least be included in drg (21) in the lift car (2) and be the corresponding safety device of guide rail (22) with described lift car (2), preferably, also be connected to the safety device of the controller of overrunning of described elevator, this controller of overrunning starts aforesaid safety device after the kinematic velocity of lift car (2) has surpassed a certain preestablished limit value.
14. each the described elevator according in the aforementioned claim is characterized in that, described ropes (R) is arranged to make lift car (2) and counterweight (1) motion on the opposite end that preferably is suspended on rope (R).
15. according to each the described elevator in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, compensates rope or equivalent are not connected to counterweight (1) and/or lift car (2), this compensates rope or equivalent can with it/they with the power pulling downwards of the vertical position that depends on described lift car/counterweight so that the value of this power increase along with lift car (2) upward movement, and along with described lift car moves downward and reduces.
16. each the described elevator according in the aforementioned claim is characterized in that, described counterweight and described lift car are not connected with rope or the equivalent that place, bottom at elevator walks around wheel flutter.
17. according to each the described elevator in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, aforesaid ropes (R) comprises at least one, preferably a plurality of, bearing part (TM), this bearing part (TM) is a composite material, and this composite material comprises the reinforcing fiber that is embedded in the polymer substrate, and this reinforcing fiber is preferably carbon fiber or glass fibre.
18. each the described elevator according in the aforementioned claim is characterized in that, the operation of described elevator highly surpasses 30 meters, preferred 30-80 rice, and most preferably 40-80 rice, and described elevator is formed does not have compensates rope.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FIPCT/FI2009/000018 | 2009-01-15 | ||
| PCT/FI2009/000018 WO2009090299A1 (en) | 2008-01-18 | 2009-01-15 | Rope for a hoisting machine, elevator and use |
| FI20090273A FI20090273A (en) | 2009-01-15 | 2009-07-10 | Elevator |
| FI20090273 | 2009-07-10 | ||
| PCT/FI2010/000004 WO2010081935A1 (en) | 2009-01-15 | 2010-01-15 | Elevator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102282088A true CN102282088A (en) | 2011-12-14 |
Family
ID=40935810
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201080004591XA Pending CN102282088A (en) | 2009-01-15 | 2010-01-15 | Elevator |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2376361A4 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2012515126A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20110104010A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102282088A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2010205564A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI20090273A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2010081935A1 (en) |
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| CN104418214A (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2015-03-18 | 通力股份公司 | An elevator |
| CN104609283A (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2015-05-13 | 通力股份公司 | An elevator |
| CN104671028A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2015-06-03 | 通力股份公司 | Rope terminal assembly and an elevator |
| CN105658560A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2016-06-08 | 蒂森克虏伯电梯股份公司 | Elevator system |
| CN105800421A (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-07-27 | 江南嘉捷电梯股份有限公司 | Elevator traction bearing component and elevator |
| CN105800432A (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-07-27 | 江南嘉捷电梯股份有限公司 | Elevator |
| CN107381310A (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2017-11-24 | 通力股份公司 | Elevator door face board |
| CN107709207A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2018-02-16 | 奥的斯电梯公司 | Brake block monitored |
| CN108147254A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2018-06-12 | 奥的斯电梯公司 | Elevator device suspension element termination section with the distribution of improved pressure |
| CN109019237A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-12-18 | 嘉兴学院 | Brake apparatus and method when a kind of adjustable elevator overspeed of counterweight or overweight operation |
| CN113767061A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2021-12-07 | 因温特奥股份公司 | Elevator running roller for an elevator installation, elevator installation having at least one such elevator running roller, and method for producing an elevator running roller |
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| KR101583626B1 (en) | 2011-06-10 | 2016-01-08 | 오티스 엘리베이터 컴파니 | Elevator tension member |
| FI124486B (en) * | 2012-01-24 | 2014-09-30 | Kone Corp | Line for an elevator device, liner arrangement, elevator and method for condition monitoring of the elevator device line |
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| JP6452914B1 (en) | 2017-02-17 | 2019-01-16 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Elevator equipment |
| CN114599508B (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2023-07-25 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Suspension body of elevator and elevator |
| EP3878792A1 (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2021-09-15 | KONE Corporation | Counterweight frame, elevator and method |
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- 2010-01-15 KR KR1020117015846A patent/KR20110104010A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-01-15 WO PCT/FI2010/000004 patent/WO2010081935A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-01-15 EP EP10731090.6A patent/EP2376361A4/en not_active Withdrawn
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- 2010-01-15 AU AU2010205564A patent/AU2010205564A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| US10011461B2 (en) | 2013-08-26 | 2018-07-03 | Kone Corporation | Elevator |
| CN104418214B (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2021-09-17 | 通力股份公司 | Elevator with a movable elevator car |
| CN104418214A (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2015-03-18 | 通力股份公司 | An elevator |
| CN105658560A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2016-06-08 | 蒂森克虏伯电梯股份公司 | Elevator system |
| CN105658560B (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2019-08-13 | 蒂森克虏伯电梯股份公司 | Elevator system |
| CN104609283A (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2015-05-13 | 通力股份公司 | An elevator |
| CN104671028A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2015-06-03 | 通力股份公司 | Rope terminal assembly and an elevator |
| CN104671028B (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2019-12-10 | 通力股份公司 | Rope end assembly and elevator |
| US10280039B2 (en) | 2013-11-29 | 2019-05-07 | Kone Corporation | Rope terminal assembly and an elevator |
| CN107709207A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2018-02-16 | 奥的斯电梯公司 | Brake block monitored |
| US10654683B2 (en) | 2015-07-01 | 2020-05-19 | Otis Elevator Company | Monitored braking blocks |
| CN105800421A (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-07-27 | 江南嘉捷电梯股份有限公司 | Elevator traction bearing component and elevator |
| CN105800432A (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-07-27 | 江南嘉捷电梯股份有限公司 | Elevator |
| CN107381310B (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2021-05-25 | 通力股份公司 | Elevator door panel |
| CN107381310A (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2017-11-24 | 通力股份公司 | Elevator door face board |
| CN108147254A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2018-06-12 | 奥的斯电梯公司 | Elevator device suspension element termination section with the distribution of improved pressure |
| CN109019237A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-12-18 | 嘉兴学院 | Brake apparatus and method when a kind of adjustable elevator overspeed of counterweight or overweight operation |
| CN113767061A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2021-12-07 | 因温特奥股份公司 | Elevator running roller for an elevator installation, elevator installation having at least one such elevator running roller, and method for producing an elevator running roller |
| CN113767061B (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2023-05-16 | 因温特奥股份公司 | Elevator operating roller, elevator installation and method for producing an elevator operating roller |
| US11952240B2 (en) | 2019-05-17 | 2024-04-09 | Inventio Ag | Elevator roller for an elevator system, elevator system having at least one such elevator roller, and method for producing an elevator roller |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI20090273A0 (en) | 2009-07-10 |
| JP2012515126A (en) | 2012-07-05 |
| KR20110104010A (en) | 2011-09-21 |
| EP2376361A4 (en) | 2014-11-05 |
| EP2376361A1 (en) | 2011-10-19 |
| WO2010081935A1 (en) | 2010-07-22 |
| FI20090273A (en) | 2010-07-16 |
| AU2010205564A1 (en) | 2011-07-28 |
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