CN102279049A - Device and method for measuring high-temperature particle infrared spectrum characteristics - Google Patents

Device and method for measuring high-temperature particle infrared spectrum characteristics Download PDF

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CN102279049A
CN102279049A CN2011101974549A CN201110197454A CN102279049A CN 102279049 A CN102279049 A CN 102279049A CN 2011101974549 A CN2011101974549 A CN 2011101974549A CN 201110197454 A CN201110197454 A CN 201110197454A CN 102279049 A CN102279049 A CN 102279049A
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particle
temperature
radiation source
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谈和平
戴景民
齐宏
张彪
阮立明
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for measuring high-temperature particle infrared spectrum characteristics, relate to a device and method for measuring dispersion particle infrared spectrum radiation characteristics, and solves the problem that the radiation characteristics of the particles in a natural state in a high-temperature continuous spectrum range cannot be measured in the prior art. According to the device and method disclosed by the invention, the spectrum equivalent transmission ratio of the high-temperature particles in the natural state can be measured by using an environment compensation algorithm, the applicability to the measuring of the high-temperature particles radiation characteristics in the continuous spectrum range is determined, and the reliable testing data and device can be supplied for further inverting the research of the high-temperature particle complex refractive index; and the measuring indeterminacy of the device and method in the invention is less than 2%. The device and method can be widely used in the fields, such as chemical industry, metallurgy, dynamics, building, medicine, biotechnology, food, aerospace, military and atmospheric sciences and the like.

Description

The measurement mechanism and the measuring method of high temperature particle infrared spectral radiant characteristic
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measurement mechanism and measuring method of diffusing particle infrared spectral radiant characteristic.
Background technology
Diffusing particle shape material relates to a plurality of fields such as chemical industry, metallurgy, power, building, medicine, biology, food, space flight, military affairs and atmospheric science.According to statistics, have product and intermediate product more than 50% to be the particle shape in the industry, these particles participate in radiation heat transfer in processes such as heating, cooling, drying and heat exchange.Its typical case uses and to comprise: the combustion flame of carbon black and flying dust, contain and coagulate phase metal oxide particle jet, solid-rocket and guided missile tail bright eruption, contain the translucent photosensitive material of particulate, contain the particulate infrared stealth coating, contain nano particle semiconductor material etc.Simultaneously, in high-temperature burning system even under the normal temperature state, ultra-fine elementary particle (as the metallics in coal ash particle, rocket tail bright eruption and the super burn engine bright eruption etc.) can be gathered into the aggregative state cluster of shape, different sizes, its spectral characteristics of radiation is the important parameter of key characteristics such as design solid propellant rocket specific impulse, ablator and plumage flame be stealthy, mainly be to measure at present, need to drop into lot of manpower and material resources by the real engine test run.Radiation characteristic at particle and particle system, a lot of researchs were done by Britain, the U.S., Japan, the former Soviet Union, its research method has two kinds: (1) is based on electromagnetic theory, determine the monochromatic complex index of refraction of particle earlier, add parameters such as particle concentration, size distribution, temperature thus, calculate scattering, decay and the absorption coefficient of particle system with the MieShi theory; (2) based on experiment, adopt real engine bright eruption or scale model bright eruption, at the scene or laboratory measurement contain the absorption or the radiation of particle air-flow, according to absorbing or radiant quantity determines to contain the effective blackness or the effective attenuation factor of particle air-flow.
The optical constant of particle (complex index of refraction) belongs to the basic physical properties parameter, and is relevant with its component, temperature, surface appearance.Because the specific surface area of particle is more much bigger than its cake mass, and the easy gathering of high temperature particle is agglomerating, causes particle surface situation complexity, and therefore, the optical constant of particle is not equal to the optical constant of constituent particle material.And by particle spectrum complex index of refraction data, the radiation characteristic of research particle and aggregate particles system, not only the research to the radiation rerum natura has the high theoretical meaning, and has actual application value widely.But the research of at present relevant with power coal, ash, carbon black particle radiation characteristic is more, the metal relevant with other field (as rocket engine) and the research of metal oxide particle are less, especially at high temperature, the data published of this class particle (continuously bands of a spectrum) complex index of refraction are difficult to find.
Because the size of particle is too little, the thermophysical property measurement of single particle is difficult to realize that Chang Yong method is that kind of a particle is made film or suspending liquid in the world, measures again, and such test result and particle aloft suspend and also have bigger gap.Simultaneously, the gas of foreign study or suspension thermophysical property measurement technology are considered practical problemss such as temperature survey, sample heating, and the size of sample can not be done very for a short time, so also be not real particle radiation characteristic.
Summary of the invention
The present invention can't measure the problem of state of nature particle radiation characteristic in the high temperature continuous spectrum scope in order to solve prior art, thereby a kind of measurement mechanism and measuring method of high temperature particle infrared spectral radiant characteristic are provided.
The measurement mechanism of high temperature particle infrared spectral radiant characteristic, it comprises blackbody radiation source, fourier spectrometer analyser, radiation thermometer, CCD camera and high temperature heating and temperature control system;
High temperature heating and temperature control system comprise heating furnace and temperature control unit, and temperature control unit comprises temperature collecting device and well heater;
Heating furnace comprises preheating chamber and two parts of measuring chamber, and preheating chamber comprises screening motor and screening plant, and the output shaft of described screening motor is connected with the input shaft of screening plant;
Measuring chamber comprises a ceramic liner, No. two ceramic liner, air adiabatic floor and aluminium silicate wool heat insulation layer, blackbody radiation source input channel, the red place of Fourier spectrometer signal sampling channel, radiation thermometer temperature acquisition passage and CCD camera monitoring channels, described No. two ceramic liners are enclosed within the ceramic liner outside No. one, be provided with air heat-insulation layer between the inwall of the outer wall of a described ceramic liner and No. two ceramic liners, the outer wall of No. two ceramic liners is set with the aluminium silicate wool heat insulation layer; A ceramic liner, No. two ceramic liners, air adiabatic floor and aluminium silicate wool heat insulation layers are coaxial setting; The inner chamber of a ceramic liner is a suspended particles observation ward;
Blackbody radiation source input channel, the red place of Fourier spectrometer signal sampling channel, radiation thermometer temperature acquisition passage and CCD camera monitoring channel all run through a ceramic liner, No. two ceramic liners, air adiabatic floor and aluminium silicate wool heat insulation layers, and blackbody radiation source input channel, the red place of Fourier spectrometer signal sampling channel, radiation thermometer temperature acquisition passage and CCD camera monitoring channel are positioned on the same surface level; The dead in line of the axis of blackbody radiation source input channel and Fourier infrared spectrograph signal sampling channel, and with the axes intersect of a ceramic liner; The dead in line of the axis of radiation thermometer temperature acquisition passage and CCD camera monitoring channel, and with the axes intersect of a ceramic liner;
The through hole that the particle output terminal of screening plant passes on the upper shell is communicated with the inlet of a ceramic liner, and the particle output terminal of screening plant closely is connected with the edge of a ceramic liner inlet;
The signal of the output of blackbody radiation source enters suspended particles observation ward by the blackbody radiation source input channel; The red place of Fourier spectrometer is gathered the spectrum that suspended particles are observed chamber particle by the red place of Fourier spectrometer signal sampling channel; Radiation thermometer is by the temperature in the radiation thermometer temperature acquisition passage collection suspended particles observation ward; The CCD camera is taken particle movement image in the observation ward by CCD camera monitoring channel;
The end of temperature collecting device is fixed on the bottom of upper shell, and the end of probe of temperature collecting device stretches into the inside of suspended particles observation ward;
The end of well heater is fixed on the bottom of upper shell, and the fire end of well heater stretches into the inside of suspended particles observation ward;
Circulating water line is arranged on aluminium silicate wool heat insulation layer outside, and is fixed on the bottom surface of upper shell;
The bottom of a ceramic liner, No. two ceramic liners, air adiabatic floor and aluminium silicate wool heat insulation layers is fixed on the lower house; The center of described lower house is provided with air admission hole, and described air inlet position is provided with gas admittance valve.
It also comprises a pair of auxiliary scattered light analysis channel, each auxiliary scattered light analysis channel runs through a ceramic liner, No. two ceramic liners, air adiabatic floor and aluminium silicate wool heat insulation layers, and this is positioned on the same surface level auxiliary scattered light analysis channel and blackbody radiation source input channel; Described this dead in line to auxiliary scattered light analysis channel, and with the axes intersect of a ceramic liner.
It also comprises jacking gear, and described jacking gear is used to drive lower house and moves up and down.
Temperature collecting device is a thermocouple; Well heater is a U type silicon molybdenum heater.
The quantity of well heater is four, and the end of described four well heaters all is fixed on the bottom of upper shell, and the fire end of described four well heaters stretches into the inside of suspended particles observation ward, and described four well heaters are distributed in the suspended particles observation ward.
Have N louvre on the upper shell, described N is a positive integer.
Based on the measuring method of the high temperature particle infrared spectral radiant characteristic of said apparatus, it is realized by following steps:
Step 1, start blackbody radiation source, and to the light path adjusting that collimates; Measure the spectral radiant energy of blackbody radiation source under two different temperatures and distribute, and determine the input signal of Fourier infrared spectrograph and the response function between output signal according to the environmental radiation backoff algorithm method of removing ground unrest;
Step 2, blackbody radiation source is heated to predetermined temperature to be measured, treat the blackbody radiation source temperature stabilization after, adopt the spectroscopic data of the emittance of blackbody radiation source under the predetermined temperature to be measured of Fourier infrared spectrograph collection;
Step 3, choose the particle to be measured that quality is M, described particle to be measured is injected screening plant, adopt well heater that grain to be measured is heated to temperature to be measured, and make particle remain under the temperature to be measured thermally equivalent after 40 minutes, adopting Fourier infrared spectrograph to measure particle to be measured, to carry out particle be the equivalent spectrum transmittance;
Step 4, after suspended particles observation ward charges into nitrogen, treats steady air current, the particle in the screening plant is injected suspended particles observation ward; Control the suspended state of particle to quasi-stationary state by screening power and the gas admittance valve of regulating screening plant; Then, measure total spectral radiant energy of particle system by Fourier infrared spectrograph;
Step 5, adopt well heater that suspended particles observation ward is heated to temperature to be measured, choosing quality is in the cold particle injection of the normal temperature suspended particles observation ward of M, and screening power and the gas admittance valve of regulating screening plant are controlled the suspended state of particle to quasi-stationary state, the blackbody radiation source input channel inlet of measuring suspended particles observation ward inwall place then arrives the emittance of the spectrometer signal sampling channel porch, the red place of Fourier at suspended particles observation ward inwall place, and the particle to be measured that obtains of integrating step two to carry out particle be the equivalent spectrum transmittance, it is the equivalent spectrum transmittance that the particle to be measured that step 3 obtains carries out particle, total spectral radiant energy of the particle system that step 4 obtains adopts the input signal of the Fourier infrared spectrograph described in the step 1 and the response function between output signal, obtain high temperature particle infrared spectral radiant value, realize the measurement of high temperature particle infrared spectral radiant characteristic.
Measuring the spectral radiant energy of blackbody radiation source under two different temperatures described in the step 1 distributes, and determine the input signal of Fourier infrared spectrograph and the response function between output signal according to the environmental radiation backoff algorithm method of removing ground unrest, concrete grammar is:
Fourier infrared spectrograph is measured the output expression formula at the radiation signal of af at wavelength lambda:
S(λ)＝R(λ)[G 1I(λ，T)+G 2I 0(λ，T 0)] (1)
In the formula, G 1And G 2Be respectively the geometric factor of sample and testing background, by the geometric relationship decision of light path system; R (λ) is the response function of Fourier infrared spectrograph; (λ T) is the spectral radiance of sample to I; I 0(λ, T 0) be the radiation intensity of testing background;
Blackbody radiation source is set at two different temperature T respectively 1And T 2, the corresponding S that is output as of Fourier infrared spectrograph then 1(λ) and S 2(λ), obtain according to formula (1):
S 1(λ)＝R(λ)[G 1I b(λ，T 1)+G 2I 0(λ，T 0)] (2)
S 2(λ)＝R(λ)[G 1I b(λ，T 2)+G 2I 0(λ，T 0)] (3)
In the formula, I b(λ T) is the spectral radiance of blackbody radiation source when being scheduled to temperature T to be measured;
With equation (2) and (3) simultaneous, obtain G 1R (λ) and G 2R (λ) I 0(λ, T 0) mathematic(al) representation:
G 1 R ( λ ) = S 2 ( λ ) - S 1 ( λ ) I b ( λ , T 2 ) - I b ( λ , T 1 ) - - - ( 4 )
S 0 ( λ ) = G 2 R ( λ ) I 0 ( λ , T 0 ) = S 1 ( λ ) - [ S 2 ( λ ) - S 1 ( λ ) ] I b ( λ , T 1 ) I b ( λ , T 2 ) - I b ( λ , T 1 ) - - - ( 5 )
When Fourier infrared spectrograph (2) is particle T under when measuring to predetermined temperature to be measured, acquisition output spectrum energy S s(λ T) is:
S s(λ，T)＝R(λ)[G 1I s(λ，T)+G 2I 0(λ，T 0)] (6)
And according to formula (4) and (5), obtain:
I s ( λ , T ) = S s ( λ , T ) G 1 R ( λ ) - G 2 G 1 I 0 ( λ , T 0 ) = S s ( λ , T ) - S 0 ( λ ) G 1 R ( λ ) - - - ( 7 )
The output spectrum energy S of gained when in like manner, spectrometer is measured the blackbody radiation source of uniform temp b(λ T) is:
S b(λ，T)＝R(λ)[G 1I b(λ，T 1)+G 2I 0(λ，T 0)] (8)
Simultaneously, obtain the I of blackbody radiation source (1) b(λ, T) expression formula is:
I b ( λ , T ) = S b ( λ , T ) G 1 R ( λ ) - G 2 G 1 I 0 ( λ , T 0 ) = S b ( λ , T ) - S 0 ( λ ) G 1 R ( λ ) - - - ( 9 )
According to formula (7) and (9), obtain not to be subjected to the sample spectral transmittance distribution energy formula of noise to be:
F ( λ , T ) = I s ( λ , T ) I b ( λ , T ) = S s ( λ , T ) - S 0 ( λ ) S b ( λ , T ) - S 0 ( λ ) - - - ( 10 )
For the equivalent spectrum transmittance, because the emittance S at the access portal place of measured suspended particles observation ward in the characteristic test of high temperature particle radiation s(λ T) comprises the energy S of wall emission in the suspended particles observation ward w(λ is transmission potential S with particle T) p(λ, T) two parts, that is:
S s(λ，T)＝S w(λ，T)+S p(λ，T) (11)
Therefore, the equivalent spectrum transmittance is:
F eq ( λ , T ) = S s ( λ , T ) - S w ( λ , T ) S b ( λ , T ) - - - ( 12 )
In like manner, according to above-mentioned environmental radiation backoff algorithm, can get the sample spectrum equivalence transmittance distribution energy computing formula that is not subjected to noise and be:
F eq ( λ , T ) = I p ( λ , T ) I b ( λ , T ) = S s ( λ , T ) - S w ( λ , T ) S b ( λ , T ) - S 0 ( λ ) - - - ( 13 )
By setting S 0Value (λ) can be tried to achieve F according to formula (13) Eq(λ, T); Thereby determine the input signal of Fourier infrared spectrograph and the response function between output signal.
The particle diameter of particle to be measured is 1-500 μ m.The heated perimeter of particle to be measured is room temperature～1500K.
Beneficial effect: the present invention adopts the ambient compensation algorithm, realized measurement to high temperature particle spectrum equivalence transmittance under the state of nature, determined applicability to high temperature particle radiation feature measurement in the continuous spectrum scope, and for the research of further inverting high temperature particle complex index of refraction provides reliable experimental and experimental provision, uncertainty of measurement of the present invention is less than 2%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention; Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Embodiment one, this embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the measurement mechanism of high temperature particle infrared spectral radiant characteristic, it comprises blackbody radiation source 1, fourier spectrometer analyser 2, radiation thermometer 3, CCD camera 4 and high temperature heating and temperature control system;
High temperature heating and temperature control system comprise heating furnace and temperature control unit, and temperature control unit comprises temperature collecting device 18 and well heater 19;
Heating furnace comprises preheating chamber and two parts of measuring chamber, and preheating chamber comprises screening motor 15 and screening plant 16, and the output shaft of described screening motor 15 is connected with the input shaft of screening plant 16;
Measuring chamber comprises ceramic liner 11, No. two ceramic liners 12, air adiabatic floor 13 and aluminium silicate wool heat insulation layer 14, blackbody radiation source input channel 21, the red place of Fourier spectrometer signal sampling channel 22, radiation thermometer temperature acquisition passage 23 and CCD camera monitoring channels 24, described No. two ceramic liners 12 are enclosed within ceramic liner 11 outsides No. one, the outer wall that is provided with 13, No. two ceramic liners 12 of air heat-insulation layer between the inwall of the outer wall of a described ceramic liner 11 and No. two ceramic liners 12 is set with aluminium silicate wool heat insulation layer 14; Ceramic liner 11, No. two ceramic liners 12, air adiabatic floor 13 and aluminium silicate wool heat insulation layers 14 are coaxial setting; The inner chamber of a ceramic liner 11 is a suspended particles observation ward;
Blackbody radiation source input channel 21, the red place of Fourier spectrometer signal sampling channel 22, radiation thermometer temperature acquisition passage 23 and CCD camera monitoring channel 24 all run through ceramic liner 11, No. two ceramic liners 12, air adiabatic floor 13 and aluminium silicate wool heat insulation layers 14, and blackbody radiation source input channel 21, the red place of Fourier spectrometer signal sampling channel 22, radiation thermometer temperature acquisition passage 23 and CCD camera monitoring channel 24 are positioned on the same surface level; The dead in line of the axis of blackbody radiation source input channel 21 and Fourier infrared spectrograph signal sampling channel 22, and with the axes intersect of a ceramic liner 11; The dead in line of the axis of radiation thermometer temperature acquisition passage 23 and CCD camera monitoring channel 24, and with the axes intersect of a ceramic liner 11;
The through hole that the particle output terminal of screening plant 16 passes on the upper shell 10 is communicated with the inlet of a ceramic liner 11, and the particle output terminal of screening plant 16 closely is connected with the edge of ceramic liner 11 inlets;
The signal of the output of blackbody radiation source 1 enters suspended particles observation ward by blackbody radiation source input channel 21; The red place of Fourier spectrometer 2 is gathered the spectrum that suspended particles are observed chamber particle by the red place of Fourier spectrometer signal sampling channel 22; The temperature that radiation thermometer 3 is gathered in the suspended particles observation ward by radiation thermometer temperature acquisition passage 23; CCD camera 4 is taken particle movement image in the observation ward by CCD camera monitoring channel 24;
The end of temperature collecting device 18 is fixed on the bottom of upper shell 10, and the end of probe of temperature collecting device 18 stretches into the inside of suspended particles observation ward;
The end of well heater 19 is fixed on the bottom of upper shell 10, and the fire end of well heater 19 stretches into the inside of suspended particles observation ward;
Circulating water line 17 is arranged on aluminium silicate wool heat insulation layer 14 outsides, and is fixed on the bottom surface of upper shell 10;
The bottom of ceramic liner 11, No. two ceramic liners 12, air adiabatic floor 13 and aluminium silicate wool heat insulation layers 14 is fixed on the lower house 20; The center of described lower house 20 is provided with air admission hole, and described air inlet position is provided with gas admittance valve 26.
The difference of the measurement mechanism of embodiment two, this embodiment and embodiment one described high temperature particle infrared spectral radiant characteristic is, it also comprises a pair of auxiliary scattered light analysis channel 25, each auxiliary scattered light analysis channel 25 runs through ceramic liner 11, No. two ceramic liners 12, air adiabatic floor 13 and aluminium silicate wool heat insulation layers 14, and this is positioned on the same surface level with blackbody radiation source input channel 21 auxiliary scattered light analysis channel 25; Described this dead in line to auxiliary scattered light analysis channel 25, and with the axes intersect of a ceramic liner 11.
Present embodiment is used for adding scattered light to the high temperature particle, and then the radiation characteristic of high temperature particle under the scattered light condition measured.
The difference of the measurement mechanism of embodiment three, this embodiment and embodiment one described high temperature particle infrared spectral radiant characteristic is that it also comprises jacking gear 27, and described jacking gear 27 is used to drive lower house 20 and moves up and down.
The difference of the measurement mechanism of embodiment four, this embodiment and embodiment one described high temperature particle infrared spectral radiant characteristic is that temperature collecting device 18 is a thermocouple; Well heater 19 is a U type silicon molybdenum heater.Among the present invention, can adopt the mode A.T.C of PID.
The difference of the measurement mechanism of embodiment five, this embodiment and embodiment one described high temperature particle infrared spectral radiant characteristic is, the quantity of well heater 19 is four, the end of described four well heaters all is fixed on the bottom of upper shell 10, the fire end of described four well heaters 19 stretches into the inside of suspended particles observation ward, and described four well heaters 19 are distributed in the suspended particles observation ward.
The difference of the measurement mechanism of embodiment six, this embodiment and embodiment one described high temperature particle infrared spectral radiant characteristic is that have N louvre 28 on the upper shell 10, described N is a positive integer.
Embodiment seven, based on the measuring method of the high temperature particle infrared spectral radiant characteristic of embodiment one, it is realized by following steps:
Step 1, start blackbody radiation source 1, and to the light path adjusting that collimates; Measure the spectral radiant energy of blackbody radiation source 1 under two different temperatures and distribute, and determine the input signal of Fourier infrared spectrograph 2 and the response function between output signal according to the environmental radiation backoff algorithm method of removing ground unrest;
Step 2, blackbody radiation source 1 is heated to predetermined temperature to be measured, treat blackbody radiation source 1 temperature stabilization after, adopt Fourier infrared spectrograph 2 to gather the spectroscopic data of the emittance of blackbody radiation source 1 under the predetermined temperature to be measured;
Step 3, choose the particle to be measured that quality is M, described particle to be measured is injected screening plant 16, adopt well heater 19 that grain to be measured is heated to temperature to be measured, and make particle remain under the temperature to be measured thermally equivalent after 40 minutes, adopting Fourier infrared spectrograph 2 to measure particle to be measured, to carry out particle be the equivalent spectrum transmittance;
Step 4, after suspended particles observation ward charges into nitrogen, treats steady air current, the particle in the screening plant 16 is injected suspended particles observation ward; Control the suspended state of particles to quasi-stationary state by screening power and the gas admittance valve 26 of regulating screening plant 16; Then, measure total spectral radiant energy of particle system by Fourier infrared spectrograph 2;
Step 5, adopt well heater 19 that suspended particles observation ward is heated to temperature to be measured, choosing quality is in the cold particle injection of the normal temperature suspended particles observation ward of M, and screening power and the gas admittance valve 26 of regulating screening plant 16 are controlled the suspended state of particles to quasi-stationary state, blackbody radiation source input channel 21 inlets of measuring suspended particles observation ward inwall place then arrive the emittance of spectrometer signal sampling channel 22 porch, the red place of Fourier at suspended particles observation ward inwall place, and the particle to be measured that obtains of integrating step two to carry out particle be the equivalent spectrum transmittance, it is the equivalent spectrum transmittance that the particle to be measured that step 3 obtains carries out particle, total spectral radiant energy of the particle system that step 4 obtains adopts the input signal of the Fourier infrared spectrograph 2 described in the step 1 and the response function between output signal, obtain high temperature particle infrared spectral radiant value, realize the measurement of high temperature particle infrared spectral radiant characteristic.
Measuring the spectral radiant energy of blackbody radiation source 1 under two different temperatures described in the step 1 distributes, and determine the input signal of Fourier infrared spectrograph 2 and the response function between output signal according to the environmental radiation backoff algorithm method of removing ground unrest, its concrete grammar is:
When with spectrometer the emittance of sample being measured, the radiant heat energy of sample environment of living in is also inevitably received by spectrometer, and this part environmental radiation can just become a noise source that influences measuring accuracy; In addition, although the measuring accuracy of spectrometer is very high, but because the operation of Primary Components such as Michelson interferometer and detecting device is all inseparable with electric signal, therefore, the noise that produces because of electromagnetic interference (EMI) also just inevitably becomes another noise source that influences the measurement device precision.If it is invariable that the test environment temperature keeps, then these two noise sources and device measuring temperature are irrelevant, can regard these two noises as changeless signal when therefore handling.By to the demarcation of spectrometer output signal as can be known, the input signal of Fourier infrared spectrograph and the response relation between output signal are linear change, so spectrometer is measured the output expression formula at the radiation signal of af at wavelength lambda and can be write as
S(λ)＝R(λ)[G 1I(λ，T)+G 2I 0(λ，T 0)] (1)
In the formula, G 1And G 2Be respectively the geometric factor of sample and testing background, by the geometric relationship decision of light path system; R (λ) is the response function of spectrometer; (λ T) is the spectral radiance of sample to I; I 0(λ, T 0) be the radiation intensity of testing background.
According to preceding surface analysis as can be known, (λ T) is only the physical quantity of real needs, so needs the G in definite formula (5-1) to have only I in the spectrometer output signal 1R (λ) and G 2R (λ) I 0(λ, T 0) value.The reference blackbody stove is set at two different temperature T respectively 1And T 2, the corresponding S that is output as of spectrometer then 1(λ) and S 2(λ), according to formula (1), can get following two equatioies:
S 1(λ)＝R(λ)[G 1I b(λ，T 1)+G 2I 0(λ，T 0)] (2)
S 2(λ)＝R(λ)[G 1I b(λ，T 2)+G 2I 0(λ，T 0)] (3)
In the formula, I b(λ T) is the spectral radiance of black matrix when temperature T.
With equation (2) and (3) simultaneous, just can obtain G 1R (λ) and G 2R (λ) I 0(λ, T 0) mathematic(al) representation be:
G 1 R ( λ ) = S 2 ( λ ) - S 1 ( λ ) I b ( λ , T 2 ) - I b ( λ , T 1 ) - - - ( 4 )
S 0 ( λ ) = G 2 R ( λ ) I 0 ( λ , T 0 ) = S 1 ( λ ) - [ S 2 ( λ ) - S 1 ( λ ) ] I b ( λ , T 1 ) I b ( λ , T 2 ) - I b ( λ , T 1 ) - - - ( 5 )
Like this, if when spectrometer is measured for the T particle temperature, can get output spectrum energy S s(λ T) is
S s(λ，T)＝R(λ)[G 1I s(λ，T)+G 2I 0(λ，T 0)] (6)
And according to formula (4) and (5), further can get
I s ( λ , T ) = S s ( λ , T ) G 1 R ( λ ) - G 2 G 1 I 0 ( λ , T 0 ) = S s ( λ , T ) - S 0 ( λ ) G 1 R ( λ ) - - - ( 7 )
The output spectrum curve S of gained when in like manner, spectrometer is measured the black matrix of uniform temp b(λ T) is
S b(λ，T)＝R(λ)[G 1I b(λ，T 1)+G 2I 0(λ，T 0)] (8)
By calculating, can obtain the I of black matrix light source equally b(λ, T) expression formula is
I b ( λ , T ) = S b ( λ , T ) G 1 R ( λ ) - G 2 G 1 I 0 ( λ , T 0 ) = S b ( λ , T ) - S 0 ( λ ) G 1 R ( λ ) - - - ( 9 )
Therefore, according to formula (7) and (9), just can be subjected to the sample spectral transmittance distribution curve computing formula of noise to be
F ( λ , T ) = I s ( λ , T ) I b ( λ , T ) = S s ( λ , T ) - S 0 ( λ ) S b ( λ , T ) - S 0 ( λ ) - - - ( 10 )
For the equivalent spectrum transmittance, because the radiation energy S at measured body of heater window opening place in the experiment of high temperature particle radiation physical property measurement s(λ T) comprises the energy S of oven wall surface launching w(λ is transmission potential S with particle T) p(λ, T) two parts, promptly
S s(λ，T)＝S w(λ，T)+S p(λ，T) (11)
Therefore, the equivalent spectrum transmittance can be expressed as
F eq ( λ , T ) = S s ( λ , T ) - S w ( λ , T ) S b ( λ , T ) - - - ( 12 )
In like manner, according to above-mentioned environmental radiation backoff algorithm, can get the sample spectrum equivalence transmittance distribution curve computing formula that is not subjected to noise and be
F eq ( λ , T ) = I p ( λ , T ) I b ( λ , T ) = S s ( λ , T ) - S w ( λ , T ) S b ( λ , T ) - S 0 ( λ ) - - - ( 13 )
Wherein, from formula (13) as can be seen, as long as know S 0Value (λ) can be tried to achieve F according to formula (13) Eq(λ, T), it has reflected that FTIR measures the output signal of gained and the funtcional relationship between the input signal, by factors such as the responsiveness decision of equipment optical system, electronic circuit and detector, thereby determines the input signal of Fourier infrared spectrograph 2 and the response function between output signal.
The particle diameter of particle to be measured is 1-500 μ m.The heated perimeter of particle to be measured is room temperature～1500K.

Claims (10)

1. the measurement mechanism of high temperature particle infrared spectral radiant characteristic is characterized in that: it comprises blackbody radiation source (1), fourier spectrometer analyser (2), radiation thermometer (3), CCD camera (4) and high temperature heating and temperature control system;
High temperature heating and temperature control system comprise heating furnace and temperature control unit, and temperature control unit comprises temperature collecting device (18) and well heater (19);
Heating furnace comprises preheating chamber and two parts of measuring chamber, and preheating chamber comprises screening motor (15) and screening plant (16), and the output shaft of described screening motor (15) is connected with the input shaft of screening plant (16);
Measuring chamber comprises a ceramic liner (11), No. two ceramic liners (12), air adiabatic layer (13) and aluminium silicate wool heat insulation layer (14), blackbody radiation source input channel (21), the red place of Fourier spectrometer signal sampling channel (22), radiation thermometer temperature acquisition passage (23) and CCD camera monitoring channel (24), described No. two ceramic liners (12) are enclosed within a ceramic liner (11) outside, be provided with air heat-insulation layer (13) between the inwall of the outer wall of a described ceramic liner (11) and No. two ceramic liners (12), the outer wall of No. two ceramic liners (12) is set with aluminium silicate wool heat insulation layer (14); A ceramic liner (11), No. two ceramic liners (12), air adiabatic floor (13) and aluminium silicate wool heat insulation layer (14) are coaxial setting; The inner chamber of a ceramic liner (11) is a suspended particles observation ward;
Blackbody radiation source input channel (21), the red place of Fourier spectrometer signal sampling channel (22), radiation thermometer temperature acquisition passage (23) and CCD camera monitoring channel (24) all run through a ceramic liner (11), No. two ceramic liners (12), air adiabatic floor (13) and aluminium silicate wool heat insulation layer (14), and blackbody radiation source input channel (21), the red place of Fourier spectrometer signal sampling channel (22), radiation thermometer temperature acquisition passage (23) and CCD camera monitoring channel (24) are positioned on the same surface level; The dead in line of the axis of blackbody radiation source input channel (21) and Fourier infrared spectrograph signal sampling channel (22), and with the axes intersect of a ceramic liner (11); The dead in line of the axis of radiation thermometer temperature acquisition passage (23) and CCD camera monitoring channel (24), and with the axes intersect of a ceramic liner (11);
The through hole that the particle output terminal of screening plant (16) passes on the upper shell (10) is communicated with the inlet of a ceramic liner (11), and the particle output terminal of screening plant (16) closely is connected with the edge of a ceramic liner (11) inlet;
The signal of the output of blackbody radiation source (1) enters suspended particles observation ward by blackbody radiation source input channel (21); The red place of Fourier spectrometer (2) is gathered the spectrum that suspended particles are observed chamber particle by the red place of Fourier spectrometer signal sampling channel (22); Radiation thermometer (3) is by the temperature in radiation thermometer temperature acquisition passage (23) the collection suspended particles observation ward; CCD camera (4) is taken particle movement image in the observation ward by CCD camera monitoring channel (24);
The end of temperature collecting device (18) is fixed on the bottom of upper shell (10), and the end of probe of temperature collecting device (18) stretches into the inside of suspended particles observation ward;
The end of well heater (19) is fixed on the bottom of upper shell (10), and the fire end of well heater (19) stretches into the inside of suspended particles observation ward;
Circulating water line (17) is arranged on aluminium silicate wool heat insulation layer (14) outside, and is fixed on the bottom surface of upper shell (10);
The bottom of a ceramic liner (11), No. two ceramic liners (12), air adiabatic floor (13) and aluminium silicate wool heat insulation layer (14) is fixed on the lower house (20); The center of described lower house (20) is provided with air admission hole, and described air inlet position is provided with gas admittance valve (26).
2. the measurement mechanism of high temperature particle infrared spectral radiant characteristic according to claim 1, it is characterized in that it also comprises a pair of auxiliary scattered light analysis channel (25), each auxiliary scattered light analysis channel (25) runs through a ceramic liner (11), No. two ceramic liners (12), air adiabatic floor (13) and aluminium silicate wool heat insulation layer (14), and this is positioned on the same surface level with blackbody radiation source input channel (21) auxiliary scattered light analysis channel (25); Described this dead in line to auxiliary scattered light analysis channel (25), and with the axes intersect of a ceramic liner (11).
3. the measurement mechanism of high temperature particle infrared spectral radiant characteristic according to claim 1 is characterized in that it also comprises jacking gear (27), and described jacking gear (27) is used to drive lower house (20) and moves up and down.
4. the measurement mechanism of high temperature particle infrared spectral radiant characteristic according to claim 1 is characterized in that temperature collecting device (18) is thermocouple; Well heater (19) is a U type silicon molybdenum heater.
5. the measurement mechanism of high temperature particle infrared spectral radiant characteristic according to claim 1, the quantity that it is characterized in that well heater (19) is four, the end of described four well heaters all is fixed on the bottom of upper shell (10), the fire end of described four well heaters (19) stretches into the inside of suspended particles observation ward, and described four well heaters (19) are distributed in the suspended particles observation ward.
6. the measurement mechanism of high temperature particle infrared spectral radiant characteristic according to claim 1 is characterized in that having N louvre (28) on the upper shell (10), and described N is a positive integer.
7. based on the measuring method of the described high temperature particle of claim 1 infrared spectral radiant characteristic, it is characterized in that: it is realized by following steps:
Step 1, start blackbody radiation source (1), and to the light path adjusting that collimates; Measure the spectral radiant energy of blackbody radiation source (1) under two different temperatures and distribute, and determine the input signal of Fourier infrared spectrograph (2) and the response function between output signal according to the environmental radiation backoff algorithm method of removing ground unrest;
Step 2, blackbody radiation source (1) is heated to predetermined temperature to be measured, treat blackbody radiation source (1) temperature stabilization after, adopt Fourier infrared spectrograph (2) to gather the spectroscopic data of the emittance of blackbody radiation source (1) under the predetermined temperature to be measured;
Step 3, choose the particle to be measured that quality is M, described particle to be measured is injected screening plant (16), adopt well heater (19) that grain to be measured is heated to temperature to be measured, and make particle remain under the temperature to be measured thermally equivalent after 40 minutes, adopting Fourier infrared spectrograph (2) to measure particle to be measured, to carry out particle be the equivalent spectrum transmittance;
Step 4, after suspended particles observation ward charges into nitrogen, treats steady air current, the particle in the screening plant (16) is injected suspended particles observation ward; Control the suspended state of particle to quasi-stationary state by screening power and the gas admittance valve (26) of regulating screening plant (16); Then, measure total spectral radiant energy of particle system by Fourier infrared spectrograph (2);
Step 5, adopt well heater (19) that suspended particles observation ward is heated to temperature to be measured, choosing quality is in the cold particle injection of the normal temperature suspended particles observation ward of M, and screening power and the gas admittance valve (26) of regulating screening plant (16) are controlled the suspended state of particle to quasi-stationary state, blackbody radiation source input channel (21) inlet of measuring suspended particles observation ward inwall place then arrives the emittance of the red place of Fourier spectrometer signal sampling channel (22) porch at suspended particles observation ward inwall place, and the particle to be measured that obtains of integrating step two to carry out particle be the equivalent spectrum transmittance, it is the equivalent spectrum transmittance that the particle to be measured that step 3 obtains carries out particle, total spectral radiant energy of the particle system that step 4 obtains adopts the input signal of the Fourier infrared spectrograph (2) described in the step 1 and the response function between output signal, obtain high temperature particle infrared spectral radiant value, realize the measurement of high temperature particle infrared spectral radiant characteristic.
8. the measuring method of high temperature particle infrared spectral radiant characteristic according to claim 1, it is characterized in that measuring described in the step 1 spectral radiant energy of blackbody radiation source (1) under two different temperatures distributes, and determine the input signal of Fourier infrared spectrograph (2) and the response function between output signal according to the environmental radiation backoff algorithm method of removing ground unrest, concrete grammar is:
Fourier infrared spectrograph (2) is measured the output expression formula at the radiation signal of af at wavelength lambda:
S(λ)＝R(λ)[G 1I(λ，T)+G 2I 0(λ，T 0)] (1)
In the formula, G 1And G 2Be respectively the geometric factor of sample and testing background, by the geometric relationship decision of light path system; R (λ) is the response function of Fourier infrared spectrograph (2); (λ T) is the spectral radiance of sample to I; I 0(λ, T 0) be the radiation intensity of testing background;
Blackbody radiation source (1) is set at two different temperature T respectively 1And T 2, the corresponding S that is output as of Fourier infrared spectrograph (2) then 1(λ) and S 2(λ), obtain according to formula (1):
S 1(λ)＝R(λ)[G 1I b(λ，T 1)+G 2I 0(λ，T 0)] (2)
S 2(λ)＝R(λ)[G 1I b(λ，T 2)+G 2I 0(λ，T 0)] (3)
In the formula, I b(λ T) is the spectral radiance of blackbody radiation source (1) when being scheduled to temperature T to be measured;
With equation (2) and (3) simultaneous, obtain G 1R (λ) and G 2R (λ) I 0(λ, T 0) mathematic(al) representation:
G 1 R ( λ ) = S 2 ( λ ) - S 1 ( λ ) I b ( λ , T 2 ) - I b ( λ , T 1 ) - - - ( 4 )
S 0 ( λ ) = G 2 R ( λ ) I 0 ( λ , T 0 ) = S 1 ( λ ) - [ S 2 ( λ ) - S 1 ( λ ) ] I b ( λ , T 1 ) I b ( λ , T 2 ) - I b ( λ , T 1 ) - - - ( 5 )
When Fourier infrared spectrograph (2) is the particle of T when measuring to predetermined temperature to be measured, obtain output spectrum energy S s(λ T) is:
S s(λ，T)＝R(λ)[G 1I s(λ，T)+G 2I 0(λ，T 0)] (6)
And according to formula (4) and (5), obtain:
I s ( λ , T ) = S s ( λ , T ) G 1 R ( λ ) - G 2 G 1 I 0 ( λ , T 0 ) = S s ( λ , T ) - S 0 ( λ ) G 1 R ( λ ) - - - ( 7 )
In like manner, spectrometer is to the output spectrum energy S of blackbody radiation source (1) gained when measuring of uniform temp b(λ T) is:
S b(λ，T)＝R(λ)[G 1I b(λ，T 1)+G 2I 0(λ，T 0)] (8)
Simultaneously, obtain the I of blackbody radiation source (1) b(λ, T) expression formula is:
I b ( λ , T ) = S b ( λ , T ) G 1 R ( λ ) - G 2 G 1 I 0 ( λ , T 0 ) = S b ( λ , T ) - S 0 ( λ ) G 1 R ( λ ) - - - ( 9 )
According to formula (7) and (9), obtain not to be subjected to the sample spectral transmittance distribution energy formula of noise to be:
F ( λ , T ) = I s ( λ , T ) I b ( λ , T ) = S s ( λ , T ) - S 0 ( λ ) S b ( λ , T ) - S 0 ( λ ) - - - ( 10 )
In the formula:
S s(λ，T)＝S w(λ，T)+S p(λ，T) (11)
The equivalent spectrum transmittance is:
F eq ( λ , T ) = S s ( λ , T ) - S w ( λ , T ) S b ( λ , T ) - - - ( 12 )
In like manner, according to above-mentioned environmental radiation backoff algorithm, obtain not to be subjected to the sample spectrum equivalence transmittance distribution energy computing formula of noise to be:
F eq ( λ , T ) = I p ( λ , T ) I b ( λ , T ) = S s ( λ , T ) - S w ( λ , T ) S b ( λ , T ) - S 0 ( λ ) - - - ( 13 )
By setting S 0Value (λ) is tried to achieve F according to formula (13) Eq(λ, T); Thereby determine the input signal of Fourier infrared spectrograph (2) and the response function between output signal.
9. the measuring method of high temperature particle infrared spectral radiant characteristic according to claim 1, the particle diameter that it is characterized in that particle to be measured are 1-500 μ m.
10. the measuring method of high temperature particle infrared spectral radiant characteristic according to claim 1, the heated perimeter that it is characterized in that particle to be measured is room temperature～1500K.
CN2011101974549A 2011-07-14 2011-07-14 Device and method for measuring high-temperature particle infrared spectrum characteristics Pending CN102279049A (en)

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CN102608157A (en) * 2012-04-18 2012-07-25 哈尔滨工业大学 Stray radiation suppressing device and suppressing method for high-temperature thermal radiation physical property experiments of solid materials
CN103472036A (en) * 2013-09-29 2013-12-25 哈尔滨工业大学 Semitransparent medium radiation characteristic measuring method based on pulse laser irradiation
CN104390931A (en) * 2014-11-07 2015-03-04 西安应用光学研究所 Device and method for measuring spectral emissivity of infrared sample material at high precision
CN108663366A (en) * 2018-03-29 2018-10-16 北京理工大学 A kind of solid propellant rocket coated inside coating quality detection device
CN110879623A (en) * 2019-11-06 2020-03-13 中国空间技术研究院 Single-particle test temperature control device with correction function and temperature control method
CN113418890A (en) * 2021-06-11 2021-09-21 南京航空航天大学 System and method for measuring spectral emissivity of high-temperature particle curtain
CN115047509A (en) * 2022-08-16 2022-09-13 之江实验室 Ionizing radiation detection method and device based on suspended particles

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Cited By (10)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102608157A (en) * 2012-04-18 2012-07-25 哈尔滨工业大学 Stray radiation suppressing device and suppressing method for high-temperature thermal radiation physical property experiments of solid materials
CN102608157B (en) * 2012-04-18 2013-08-21 哈尔滨工业大学 Stray radiation suppressing device and suppressing method for high-temperature thermal radiation physical property experiments of solid materials
CN103472036A (en) * 2013-09-29 2013-12-25 哈尔滨工业大学 Semitransparent medium radiation characteristic measuring method based on pulse laser irradiation
CN104390931A (en) * 2014-11-07 2015-03-04 西安应用光学研究所 Device and method for measuring spectral emissivity of infrared sample material at high precision
CN108663366A (en) * 2018-03-29 2018-10-16 北京理工大学 A kind of solid propellant rocket coated inside coating quality detection device
CN110879623A (en) * 2019-11-06 2020-03-13 中国空间技术研究院 Single-particle test temperature control device with correction function and temperature control method
CN110879623B (en) * 2019-11-06 2021-04-13 中国空间技术研究院 Single-particle test temperature control device with correction function and temperature control method
CN113418890A (en) * 2021-06-11 2021-09-21 南京航空航天大学 System and method for measuring spectral emissivity of high-temperature particle curtain
CN113418890B (en) * 2021-06-11 2022-07-26 南京航空航天大学 System and method for measuring spectral emissivity of high-temperature particle curtain
CN115047509A (en) * 2022-08-16 2022-09-13 之江实验室 Ionizing radiation detection method and device based on suspended particles

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