CN102278971B - Strain test method using multiple balance reference points - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a strain test method using multiple balance reference points. Multiple measurements are carried out in group i in a certain test period and group j in another test period through a strain sensor, temperature influence functions yiw(s) and yjw(s) of a strain under constant environment humidity, and humidity influence functions yis(w) and yjs(w) of a strain under constant temperature are obtained, and strain values yi(w,s) and yj(w,s) under a specific temperature and humidity can be obtained by conversion. Thus, strain values xigm and xj-n in different working conditions in a same group i and in another different group j under different temperature conditions and humidity conditions are respectively measured, and converted into strain values yigm(w,s) and yj(w,s), strain differences delta y(igm-i)(w,s), delta y(j-i)(w,s), and temperature influence functions delta y(igm-i)w(s) and delta y(j-1)w(s) of the strain differences or humidity influence functions delta y(igm-i)s(w) and delta y(j-i)s(w) under a specific temperature and humidity condition. The strain test method using multiple balance reference points aims to eliminate the influence of environment temperature and humidity on the measurement of the strain of a member, and improve the accuracy of the measurement of the strain.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to strain measurement, particularly many balances RP strain testing method.
Background technology
Strain measurement technique is the strain of measuring member with strain transducer, confirms a kind of Analysis of Experimental Stress method of component stress state again according to strain-stress relation.Strain measurement generally all need be measured the strain value at a certain temperature, damp condition lower member.
The limitation of existing strain measurement technique is: when measuring the strain of member under certain environment temperature and damp condition; Influence to humidity is generally ignored; Can only eliminate Influence of Temperature through Theoretical Calculation; Because member also receives many factor affecting such as starting material, execution conditions, construction technology, operating technique and structure, load, this strain measurement technique through Theoretical Calculation elimination temperature effect can not satisfy demand now.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is; Deficiency to the prior art existence; Many balances RP strain testing method is provided, and empirical data that can be through in the past, humidity, the temperature of environment during according to test are revised the member measurement data; Eliminate the influence of environment temperature, these two factors of humidity as far as possible, improve the degree of accuracy of strain measurement member strain measurement result.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
1, a kind of many balances RP strain testing method is characterized in that:
1) a certain strain transducer adopts one of following method:
A) under the condition that ambient humidity is constant in same group of test period i, measure repeatedly strain, make temperature effect function y
Iw (s)Adopt one of following method to make humidity effect function y again
Is (w):
A) in same group of test period i, measure strain repeatedly under the temperature-resistant condition, make humidity effect function y
Is (w)
B) in same group of test period i, measure repeatedly strain under different humidity, the temperature conditions, according to temperature effect function y
Iw (s)Make humidity effect function y again after eliminating temperature effect
Is (w)
B) in same group of test period i, under the constant condition of environment temperature, measure repeatedly strain, make humidity effect function y
Is (w), adopt one of following method to make temperature effect function y again
Iw (s):
C) in same group of test period i, measure strain repeatedly under the constant condition of humidity, make temperature effect function y
Iw (s)
D) in same group of test period i, measure repeatedly strain under different humidity, the temperature conditions, according to humidity effect function y
Is (w)Make temperature effect function y again after eliminating humidity effect
Iw (s)
And the strain value x of the same group of interior the n time measurement of test period i
I-nCan be converted into strain value y under a certain specified temp, damp condition
I (w, s)
2) obtain temperature effect function y according to step 1
Iw (s), humidity effect function y
Is (w)In any strain transducer, the strain value x that in same group of test period i, measures under different operating mode igm and different temperatures, the damp condition
Igm, be converted in a certain specified temp, humidity
Strain value y under the condition
Igm (w, s)With temperature effect function y
Igmw (s), humidity effect function y
Igms (w), be converted into y under a certain specified temp and damp condition
Igm (w, s)With y
I (w, s)Strain difference DELTA y
(igm-i) (w, s)Temperature effect function Δ y with the strain difference
(igm-i) w (s), humidity effect function Δ y
(igm-i) s (w)
3) obtain temperature effect function y according to step 1
Iw (s), humidity effect function y
Is (w)In any strain transducer, use the method identical in another group test period j, through repeatedly measuring temperature effect function y with step 1
Jw (s)With humidity effect function y
Js (w), be converted into strain value y under a certain specified temp, damp condition
J (w, s), the strain value x that different humidity, temperature conditions are measured down between j, two groups of test periods of i
I-n, x
1-nBe converted into the strain value y under a certain specified temp, damp condition
I (w, s), y
J (w, s)And the strain difference DELTA y between the j, two groups of test periods of i
(j-i) (w, s), draw the temperature effect function Δ y of strain difference between two groups of the j, i
(j-i) w (s)Or humidity effect function Δ y
(j-i) s (w)
2, said group is meant: if in a certain test period measured n time test data (being designated hereinafter simply as " inferior "), the strain value behind deduction temperature, humidity effect equates that then this test period is called same group; Measure, be n balance RP for n time that in a group, carries out;
3, said temperature effect function and humidity effect function adopt regretional analysis or trend extrapolation method to draw.
A kind of many balances RP strain testing method may further comprise the steps at least:
1) measures strain repeatedly under a certain strain transducer condition that ambient humidity is constant in same group of test period i, and make temperature effect function y
Iw (s)In same group of test period i, measure strain repeatedly under the temperature-resistant condition again, and make humidity effect function y
Is (w), or in same group of test period i, measure repeatedly under different humidity, the temperature conditions, according to temperature effect function y
Iw (s)Make humidity effect function y after eliminating temperature effect
Is (w)According to said method, also can in same group of test period, make humidity effect function y earlier through measuring
Is (w), make temperature effect function y again
Iw (s)Or according to humidity effect function y
Is (w)Make temperature effect function y after eliminating humidity effect
Iw (s)And the strain value x of the same group of interior the n time measurement of test period i
I-nCan be converted into strain value y under a certain specified temp, damp condition
I (w, s)
2) obtain temperature effect function y according to step 1
Iw (s), humidity effect function y
Is (w)In any strain transducer, the strain value x that in same group of test period i, measures under different operating mode igm and different temperatures, the damp condition
Igm, can be converted into the strain value y under a certain specified temp, damp condition
Igm (w, s)With temperature effect function y
Igmw (s), humidity effect function y
Igms (w), also can be converted into y under a certain specified temp and damp condition
Igm (w, s)With y
I (w, s)Strain difference DELTA y
(igm-i) (w, s)Temperature effect function Δ y with the strain difference
(igm-i) w (s), humidity effect function Δ y
(igm-i) s (w)
3) obtain temperature effect function y according to step 1
Iw (s), humidity effect function y
Is (w)In any strain transducer, use the method identical in another group test period j, through repeatedly measuring temperature effect function y with step 1
Jw (s)With humidity effect function y
Js (w), can be converted into strain value y under a certain specified temp, damp condition
J (w, s), the strain value x that different humidity, temperature conditions are measured down between two groups of the j, i
I-n, x
J-nCan be converted into the strain value x under a certain specified temp, damp condition
I (w, s), x
J (w, s)And the strain difference DELTA y between two groups of the j, i
(j-i) (w, s), also can draw the temperature effect function Δ y of strain difference between two groups of the j, i
(j-i) w (s)Or humidity effect function Δ y
(j-i) s (w)
Principle of work of the present invention is described in detail as follows:
Many balances RP strain testing method according to the invention is: if this strain transducer is measured n time detection data x in a certain test period i
I-1, x
I-2, x
I-3..., x
I-n, the strain value y behind deduction temperature, humidity effect
I-1, y
I-2, y
I-3..., y
I-nEquate that then this test period is called a group i; The repeatedly measurement of in a group i, carrying out order successively is designated as 1 to n time---and n balance RP promptly arranged, and the n time measurement in the i group, carrying out is designated as x
I-nThe repeatedly measurement of in the i group, carrying out under different operating mode igm order successively is designated as x
Ig1, x
Ig2, x
Ig3..., x
IgmAnd y
I-1=y
I-2=y
I-3... ,=y
I-n=y
i
The concrete steps of said many balances RP strain testing method are described below:
1) in a certain test period i group, under the constant condition of this strain transducer ambient humidity on the same group, the temperature difference is not less than 3～8 ℃ when measuring repeatedly, and makes temperature effect function y
Iw (s)This strain transducer is in same group of test period i under the temperature-resistant condition, and humidity changes and is not less than 3～10% when measuring repeatedly, and makes humidity effect function y
Is (w)Or this strain transducer when in same test period i group, measuring repeatedly under different humidity, the temperature conditions humidity variation be not less than 3～10%, again according to temperature effect function y
Iw (s)Make humidity effect function y after eliminating temperature effect
Is (w)According to said method, also can in same test period i group, make humidity effect function y earlier through measuring
Is (w), make temperature effect function y again
Iw (s)Or according to humidity effect function y
Is (w)Make temperature effect function y after eliminating humidity effect
Iw (s)And the strain value x of the same group of interior the n time measurement of test period i
I-nCan be converted into strain value y under a certain specified temp, damp condition
I (w, s)
2) obtain temperature effect function y according to step 1
Iw (s), humidity effect function y
Is (w)In any strain transducer, the strain value x that in same group of test period i, measures under different operating mode igm and different temperatures, the damp condition
Igm, can be converted into the strain value y under a certain specified temp, damp condition
Igm (w, s)With temperature effect function y
Igmw (s), humidity effect function y
Igms (w), also can be converted into y under a certain specified temp and damp condition
Igm (w, s)With y
I (w, s)Strain difference DELTA y
(igm-i) (w, s)Temperature effect function Δ y with the strain difference
(igm-i) w (s), humidity effect function Δ y
(igm-i) s (w)
3) obtain temperature effect function y according to step 1
Iw (s), humidity effect function y
Is (w)In any strain transducer, use the method identical in another group test period j, through repeatedly measuring temperature effect function y with step 1
Jw (s)With humidity effect function y
Js (w), can be converted into strain value y under a certain specified temp, damp condition
J (w, s), the strain value x that different humidity, temperature conditions are measured down between two groups of the j, i
I-nx
J-nCan be converted into the strain value y under a certain specified temp, damp condition
I (w, s), y
J (w, s)And the strain difference DELTA y between two groups of the j, i
(j-1) (w, s)Also can draw the temperature effect function Δ y of strain difference between two groups of the j, i
(k-i) (s)Or humidity effect function Δ y
(j-i) s (w)
Said temperature effect function y
Iw (s), humidity effect function y
Is (w)The method that obtains can adopt regretional analysis, trend extrapolation method.
The innovative point of many balances RP strain testing method according to the invention; Be intended to combine empirical data in the past, humidity, the temperature parameter of environment during according to test; The member measurement data is revised; Eliminate the influence of environment temperature, these two factors of humidity as far as possible, improved the degree of accuracy of strain measurement member strain measurement result.
Embodiment
Many balances RP strain testing method that present embodiment provides specifies as follows:
If this strain transducer is measured n time detection data x in a certain test period i
I-1, x
I-2, x
I-3..., x
I-n, the strain value y behind deduction temperature, humidity effect
I-1, y
I-2, y
I-3..., y
I-nEquate that then this test period is called a group i.The repeatedly measurement of in a group i, carrying out order successively is designated as 1 to n time, promptly has been defined as n balance RP, and the n time measurement in i group test period, carrying out is designated as x
I-n, the repeatedly measurement of in i group test period, carrying out under different operating mode igm order successively is designated as x
Ig1, x
Ig2, x
Ig3..., x
Igm, and y
I-1=y
I-2=y
I-3... ,=y
I-n=y
i。
The concrete steps of said many balances RP strain testing method are described below:
1) in a certain test period i, under the constant condition of this strain transducer ambient humidity on the same group, the temperature difference is not less than 3～8 ℃ when measuring repeatedly, and makes temperature effect function y
Iw (s)This strain transducer is on the same group under the temperature-resistant condition, and humidity changes and is not less than 3～10% when measuring repeatedly, and makes humidity effect function y
Is (w)Or this strain transducer when in same group of test period i, measuring repeatedly under different humidity, the temperature conditions humidity change and be not less than 3～10%, again according to temperature effect function y
Iw (s)Make humidity effect function y after eliminating temperature effect
Is (w)According to said method, also can in same group of test period i, make humidity effect function y earlier through measuring
Is (w), make temperature effect function y again
Iw (s)Or according to humidity effect function y
Is (w)Make temperature effect function y after eliminating humidity effect
Iw (s)
2) obtain temperature effect function y according to step 1
Iw (s), humidity effect function y
Is (w)In any strain transducer, the strain value x that in same group of test period i, measures under different operating mode igm and different temperatures, the damp condition
Igm, can be converted into the strain value y under a certain specified temp, damp condition
Igm (w, s)With temperature effect function y
Igmw (s), humidity effect function y
Igms (w), also can be converted into y under a certain specified temp and damp condition
Igm (w, s)With y
I (w, s)Strain difference DELTA y
(igm-1) (w, s)Temperature effect function Δ y with the strain difference
(igm-i) w (s), humidity effect function Δ y
(igm-i) s (w)
3) obtain temperature effect function y according to step 1
Iw (s), humidity effect function y
Is (w)In any strain transducer, use the method identical in another group test period j, through repeatedly measuring temperature effect function y with step 1
Jw (s)With humidity effect function y
Js (w), can be converted into strain value y under a certain specified temp, damp condition
J (w, s), the strain value x that different humidity, temperature conditions are measured down between two groups of the j, i
I-n, x
J-nCan be converted into the strain value y under a certain specified temp, damp condition
I-n (w, s)y
J-n (w, s)And the strain difference DELTA y between two groups of the j, i
(j-i) (w, s), also can draw the temperature effect function Δ y of strain difference between two groups of the j, i
(j-i) w (s)Or humidity effect function Δ y
(j-i) s (w)
The calculated example of said method is following:
(1). be 80% in humidity, under the temperature various conditions, the 1st group of the 1st to 10 measurement data x of certain strain transducer
1-1To x
1-10As shown in table 1:
Table 1
Using regression analysis to get humidity according to data shown in the table 1 is 80% o'clock temperature effect function y
1w (80%):
y
1w(80％)＝9.9776t+2400.1 (1)
In the formula: y
1w (80%)Temperature effect function when being the 1st group of humidity 80%, unit is a temperature ℃ for μ t
The 1st group of strain value when 18 ℃ of temperature, humidity 80%:
y
1(18，80％)＝9.9776t+2400.1＝9.9776×18+2400.1
＝2580
In the formula: y
1 (18,80%)Strain value when being 18 ℃ of the 1st group of temperature, humidity 80%, unit is a temperature ℃ for μ t
(2). this strain transducer the 11st to 16 measurement data x under different humidity, the temperature conditions in the 1st group
1-11To x
1-16As shown in table 2:
Table 2
Hypothesis is made humidity effect function y in this calculated example under 18 ℃ temperature conditions
1s (18)Strain modified value when calculating 18 ℃ according to the different temperatures in formula (1) and the table 2; Strain value when calculating 18 ℃ again under the different humidity condition, the strain value when basis is converted to 18 ℃ then adopt regression analysis to get the humidity effect function, and each item computational data is as shown in table 3:
Table 3
Strain modified value when a. temperature is 18 ℃ in the table 3:
y
1-n(18x)＝2580-(9.9776t+2400.1)
y
1-n(18x)＝179.9-9.9776t (2)
In the formula: y
1-n (18x)Strain modified value when being 18 ℃ of the 1st group of temperature, unit is a temperature ℃ for μ t
Strain value when b. being converted to temperature in the table 3 and being 18 ℃:
y
1-n(18)＝x
1-n+y
1-n(18x) (3)
In the formula: y
1-n (18)Be the 1st group of strain value when being converted to temperature and being 18 ℃, unit is μ x
1-nBe the strain measurement value
y
1-n (18x)Strain modified value when being 18 ℃ for temperature
Humidity effect function when c. getting temperature and be 18 ℃ according to regression analysis:
y
1s(18)＝2.0178s+2418.9(4)
In the formula: y
1s (18)Humidity effect function when being 18 ℃ of the 1st group of temperature, unit is humidity (%) for μ s
(3). this strain transducer is the strain value data x under different operating modes and different temperatures, the damp condition in the 1st group
1g1To x
1g6As shown in table 4;
Table 4
The condition of the data fit trend extrapolation utilization of supposing in this calculated example to be adopted is 80% o'clock temperature effect function y according to humidity
1w (80%)(formula 1) strain modified value when calculating 18 ℃, the humidity effect function y when being 18 ℃ according to temperature
1s (18)(formula 4) calculates humidity is 80% o'clock strain modified value, and obtaining each operating mode at last is that 18 ℃, humidity are strain value under 80% the condition in temperature, and each item computational data is as shown in table 5:
Table 5
Strain modified value when d. temperature is 18 ℃ in the table 3:
y
1gm(18x)＝2580-(9.9776t+2400.1)
y
1gm(18x)＝179.9-9.9776t (5)
In the formula: y
1gm (18x)Strain modified value when being 18 ℃ of the 1st group of operating mode m temperature, unit is a temperature ℃ for μ t
E. humidity is 80% o'clock strain modified value in the table 3:
y
1gm(80x)＝2580-(2.0178s+2418.9)
y
1gm(80x)＝161.1-2.0178s (6)
In the formula: y
1gm (80x)Strain modified value when being the 1st group of operating mode m humidity 80%, unit is humidity % for μ s
F. be converted to 18 ℃, 80% o'clock strain value in the table 5:
y
1gm(18，80)＝x
1gm+y
1gm(18x)+y
1gm(80x)(7)
In the formula: y
1gm (18,80)Be the 1st group of operating mode m to be converted to temperature be 18 ℃, the strain value during humidity 80%, unit is μ
x
1gmBe the 1st group of operating mode m strain measurement value
y
1gm (18x)Strain modified value when being 18 ℃ of the 1st group of operating mode m temperature
y
1gm (80x)Strain modified value when being the 1st group of operating mode m humidity 80%
G. operating mode 6 is converted to 18 ℃, 80% o'clock strain value in the table 5:
y
1g6(18，80)＝x
1g6+y
1g6(18x)+y
1g6(80x)＝2601-199-8
＝2394
In the formula: y
1g6 (18,80)Be the 1st group of operating mode 6 to be converted to temperature be 18 ℃, the strain value during humidity 80%, unit is μ
x
1g6Be the 1st group of operating mode 6 strain measurement values
y
1g6 (18x)Strain modified value when being 18 ℃ of the 1st group of operating mode 6 temperature
y
1g6 (80x)Strain modified value when being the 1st group of operating mode 6 humidity 80%
(4). same strain transducer is 80% in humidity, another group strain value data x under the temperature different condition
2-1To x
2-12As shown in table 4:
Table 6
Getting humidity according to regression analysis is 80% o'clock temperature effect function:
y
2w(80％)＝10.252t+2797.6(8)
In the formula: y
2w (80%)Be the 2nd group of temperature effect function when humidity 80%, unit for μ t be temperature (℃)
The condition of the data fit trend extrapolation utilization of d. supposing in this calculated example to be adopted, then formula (5), formula (8) humidity in 10～23 ℃ of scopes is that 80% o'clock temperature effect function is set up, and has:
y
1w(80％)＝9.9776t+2400.1(9)
y
2w(80％)＝10.252t+2797.6(10)
In the formula: y
1w (80%)Temperature effect function when being the 1st group of humidity 80%, unit is μ
Y
2w (80%)Temperature effect function when being the 2nd group of humidity 80%, unit is μ
T is a temperature ℃
E. by formula (10)-(9), can calculate in 10～23 ℃ of scopes, the temperature effect function of the 2nd, 1 liang of group strain difference is under humidity 80% condition:
(10)-(9)Δy
(21)w(80％)＝(10.252-9.9776)t+(2797.6-2400.1)
Δy
(21)w(80％)＝0.2744t+397.5(11)
In the formula: Δ y
(2-1) w (80%)The temperature effect function of the 2nd, 1 liang of group strain difference during for humidity 80%,, unit is μ
T be temperature (℃)
F. by formula (11), can calculate temperature and be 18 ℃, humidity and be under 80% the condition two groups strain difference:
That is: Δ y
(21) (18,80%)=0.2744t+397.5
＝0.2744×18+397.5
＝402
In the formula: Δ y
(2-1) (18,80%)For temperature is 18 ℃, the 2nd, 1 liang of group strain difference during humidity 80%, unit is μ
T be temperature (℃)
Claims (2)
1. the strain testing method of balance RP more than a kind is characterized in that:
1) a certain strain transducer adopts one of following method:
A) under the condition that ambient humidity is constant in same group of test period i, measure repeatedly strain,
Make temperature effect function y
Iw (s)Adopt one of following method to make humidity effect function y again
Is (w):
A) in same group of test period i, measure strain repeatedly under the temperature-resistant condition, make
Humidity effect function y
Is (w)
B) in same group of test period i, measure repeatedly strain under different humidity, the temperature conditions,
According to temperature effect function y
Iw (s)Make the humidity effect function again after eliminating temperature effect
y
is(w）；
B) in same group of test period i, under the constant condition of environment temperature, measure repeatedly strain,
Make humidity effect function y
Is (w), adopt one of following method to make temperature effect function y again
Iw (s):
A) in same group of test period i, measure strain repeatedly under the constant condition of humidity, make
Temperature effect function y
Iw (s)
B) in same group of test period i, measure repeatedly strain under different humidity, the temperature conditions, according to humidity effect function y
Is (w)Make temperature effect function y again after eliminating humidity effect
Iw (s)
And the strain value x of the same group of interior the n time measurement of test period i
I-nCan be converted into strain value y under a certain specified temp, damp condition
I (w, s)
Said group is meant: if in a certain test period measured n time test data, the strain value behind deduction temperature, humidity effect equates that then this test period is called same group; Measure, be n balance RP for n time that in a group, carries out;
2) obtain temperature effect function y according to step 1)
Iw (s), humidity effect function y
Is (w)In any strain transducer, the strain value x that in same group of test period i, measures under different operating mode igm and different temperatures, the damp condition
Igm, be converted into the strain value y under a certain specified temp, damp condition
Igm (w, s)With temperature effect function y
Igmw (s), humidity effect function y
Igms (w), be converted into y under a certain specified temp and damp condition
Igm (w, s)With y
I (w, s)Strain difference △ y
(igm-i) (w, s)Temperature effect function △ y with the strain difference
(igm-i) w (s), humidity effect function △ y
(igm-i) s (w)
3) obtain temperature effect function y according to step 1)
Iw (s), humidity effect function y
Is (w)In any strain transducer, use the method identical in another group test period j, through repeatedly measuring temperature effect function y with step 1)
Jw (s)With humidity effect function y
Js (w), be converted into strain value y under a certain specified temp, damp condition
J (w, s), the strain value x that different humidity, temperature conditions are measured down between j, two groups of test periods of i
I-n,x
J-nBe converted into the strain value x under a certain specified temp, damp condition
I-n (w, s),x
J-n (w, s)And the strain difference △ y between the j, two groups of test periods of i
(j-i) (w, s), draw the temperature effect function △ y of strain difference between two groups of the j, i
(j-i) w (s)Or humidity effect function △ y
(j-i) s (w)
2. according to the said many balances RP of claim 1 strain testing method, it is characterized in that said temperature effect function and humidity effect function adopt regression analysis or trend extrapolation method to draw.
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| CZ301142B6 (en) * | 2004-11-02 | 2009-11-18 | Gauge for measuring linear strains of materials and process for producing thereof | |
| JP4664723B2 (en) * | 2005-04-15 | 2011-04-06 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Pressure conversion detector |
| CN101706346B (en) * | 2009-11-13 | 2011-04-20 | 中国航天科技集团公司第四研究院第四十四研究所 | Method for compensating for nonlinear temperature drift of measurement of intelligent force sensor |
| CN102095597A (en) * | 2011-01-11 | 2011-06-15 | 中南大学 | Method for measuring temperature correction factor of bridge fatigue life gage |
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2011
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