CN102275037B - Electron beam welding device and method for steel rail - Google Patents
Electron beam welding device and method for steel rail Download PDFInfo
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- CN102275037B CN102275037B CN 201110207703 CN201110207703A CN102275037B CN 102275037 B CN102275037 B CN 102275037B CN 201110207703 CN201110207703 CN 201110207703 CN 201110207703 A CN201110207703 A CN 201110207703A CN 102275037 B CN102275037 B CN 102275037B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a welding method for sections, in particular to an electron beam welding device and an electron beam welding method for a steel rail, and belongs to the technical field of metal welding of material machining technologies. The electron beam welding device comprises a baseboard, a guide rail, a left box body, a vacuum electron gun, an electron gun moving device, a right box body, a pump unit, a mobile support and a screw rod. The electron beam welding method comprises the following steps of: moving the left box body to the left end, installing the steel rail, positioning a welding joint under the vacuum electron gun, moving the left box body to the right end, and fixing the electron gun on the electron gun moving device; vacuumizing; writing a welding program; and performing electron beam welding on the steel rail according to the preset welding program. In the device and the method, a welding part is subjected to vacuum sealing, so that welding components are stable, the welding quality is high and the one-time inspection rate is high; by a created local vacuum sealing environment, the electron beam welding of large structural parts can be realized and the application range of electron beams is expanded; the electron beam welding device is easy to assemble and operate and the steel rail is accurate in position; furthermore, high-energy electron beams are used as a welding heat source, so the steel rail has low deformation, the welding depth-to-width ratio is large and the welding efficiency is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of welding method of section bar, be specifically related to a kind of Electron beam welding device and method of rail, belong to metal welding techniques field in the materials processing technology.
Background technology
The solder technology of gapless track is one of key technology of development seamless railway, and the rail welding method of tradition employing both at home and abroad has 4 kinds: flash welding, gas pressure welding, exothermic welding and arc welding.China mainly adopts front 3 kinds of welding methods.Although the solder technology of rail has been tending towards ripe and stable basically at present, but still there is larger problem in the quality of welding point, puts it briefly, and is exactly that the flash welding welding quality is unbalanced, gas pressure welding, exothermic welding end breakage rate are higher, and delivery-check qualified rate of gas pressure welding is low.Electron beam welding be with high-power electron beam as the processing thermal source, the metal with the beam bombardment weldment joint of high-energy-density makes its Flashmelt, then cooling reaches the purpose of welding rapidly.Electron beam welding is to carry out in a vacuum, the chemical composition stability of weld seam and pure, and strength of joint is high, and weldquality is high; Because electron beam welding speed is fast, its heat affected area is little, and the sweating heat distortion is little; Simultaneously, electron beam welding can obtain the large weld seam of depth-to-width ratio (20: 1～50: 1), can the square groove once-forming when welding thick.Through development for many years, electron Beam Machining has now become ripe technology, is in steady development, enlarges the application stage.
Chinese invention patent publication number CN1180771A discloses a kind of weldless overlength and has connected the method for rail and the structure of end of rail, to rail head cross-section processing angle face, and adopts connecting plate to utilize bolt to connect from web of the rail both sides.Chinese invention patent publication number CN1914377A discloses welding equipment and the welding method that a kind of welded rails two one steel rails are used, and a kind of pressure welding equipment and method are provided, and can be to realize overlap excision and welding point cooling.Chinese invention patent Granted publication CN1865594B discloses welding machine and welding method that a kind of welded rails rail is used, finishes the welding of rail by rail pulling device and welding machine acting in conjunction.Chinese invention patent Granted publication CN101474713B, disclose a kind of potassium steel remove the fork dock welding method with rail flash, the employing stainless steel as connecting media, utilize flash butt welding technique that connecting media and steel rail in butt welding are integral.
Summary of the invention
Weldquality problem and the welder such as the objective of the invention is to produce easily in order to solve in the prior art rail welding that quality is unbalanced, end breakage rate is high, delivery-check qualified rate is low be complicated, need the problems such as packing material, inefficiency, proposes a kind of Electron beam welding device and method of rail.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions.
The Electron beam welding device of a kind of rail of the present invention comprises base plate, guide rail, left box body, vacuum electronic gun, electron gun mobile device, right case, pump group, mobile support saddle and leading screw; The cross sectional shape of the cross sectional shape of left box body and the cross sectional shape of right case and rail to be welded matches, left box body and right case respectively process rail section to be welded size half, left box body and right case are inlaid with static sealing ring, by static sealing ring left box body, rail to be welded and right case are sealed; Left box body, right case and rail to be welded form partial vacuum sealing device; Right case is fixedly connected with base plate; The upper surface of base plate has guide rail; Mobile support saddle is positioned at above the base plate, and leading screw is fixed on the left box body by an end of mobile support saddle; There is working groove the bottom surface of left box body, and is positioned over above the guide rail; Can make left box body mobile on base plate along guide rail by leading screw rotatablely moving on the mobile support saddle; The installation site of electron gun mobile device is all left in the top of right case, right flank and bottom; Carry out movable sealing by dynamic seal ring between electron gun mobile device and the right case; The bottom of the right flank of right case is equipped with the pump group, by the pump group partial vacuum sealing device is vacuumized; The pump group is comprised of mechanical pump, diffusion pump and lobe pump.
The electro-beam welding method of a kind of rail of the present invention, adopt the electron beam welding thermal source to weld, utilize partial vacuum sealing device to carry out seal protection in rail welding to be welded position, according to the welding condition of preset, realize the electron beam welding of rail to be welded; Concrete steps are:
1) passes through rotating threaded shaft, make left box body move to left end, two sections rail to be welded are installed, make the welding point of two sections rail to be welded be positioned at vacuum electronic gun under, and then reverse rotation leading screw, mobile left box body is to right-hand member, and left box body, right case and two sections rail to be welded consist of partial vacuum sealing devices;
2) according to the feature of rail to be welded, determine the welding times of rail to be welded, select the installation site of electron gun mobile device, utilize dynamic seal ring to make electron gun mobile device and right case consist of movable sealing, and electron gun is fixed on above the electron gun mobile device;
3) utilize the pump group that partial vacuum sealing device is carried out vacuum pumping, the welding point of two sections rail to be welded is carried out vacuum protection;
4) utilize the control system of electron-beam welder to write welding procedure, namely write the welding condition program of welding times, walking path program and the vacuum electronic gun of vacuum electronic gun; Wherein, welding times is by rail characteristics determined to be welded, the walking path program of vacuum electronic gun is determined that by the welding point shape of two sections rail to be welded the welding condition program of vacuum electronic gun comprises determining of following welding condition: beam voltage, Electron Beam Focusing electric current, electron beam line, electron beam line rising or falling speed and speed of welding;
5) carry out the electron beam welding of two sections rail to be welded according to the welding procedure of preset.
When 6) rail welding number of times to be welded was multiple welding, repeating step 2 successively) to 5) operation.
Beneficial effect
The present invention adopts vacuum seal to the welding position, and composition of weld line is stable, and welding quality is high, once delivers for a check the rate height; The local vacuum sealing environment of setting up can be realized the electron beam welding of large-scale component, expands the range of application of electron beam; Assembly manipulation is simple, the rail registration; The employing high-power electron beam is welding heat source, and deformation of rail is little, and the welding depth-to-width ratio is large, and welding efficiency is high.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the Electron beam welding device structural representation of rail of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the internal structure schematic diagram of partial vacuum sealing device in the Electron beam welding device of rail;
Wherein, 1-base plate, 2-guide rail, 3-left box body, 4-vacuum electronic gun, 5-electron gun mobile device, 6-right case, 7-rail to be welded, 8-pump group, 9-mobile support saddle, 10-leading screw, 11-static sealing ring, 12-dynamic seal ring.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below by example, but the present invention is not limited only to embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Two sections light rails that rail is 9Kg/m to be welded, its joint to be welded is the plane; The weld seam form is banjo fixing butt jointing;
A kind of Electron beam welding device of rail, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2; Comprise base plate 1, guide rail 2, left box body 3, vacuum electronic gun 4, electron gun mobile device 5, right case 6, pump group 8, mobile support saddle 9 and leading screw 10; The cross sectional shape of the cross sectional shape of the cross sectional shape of left box body 3 and right case 6 and rail to be welded 7 matches, left box body 3 and right case 6 respectively process rail 7 sectional dimensions to be welded half, left box body 3 and right case 6 are inlaid with static sealing ring 11, by static sealing ring 11 left box body 3, rail to be welded 7 and right case 6 are sealed; Left box body 3, right case 6 form partial vacuum sealing device with rail 7 to be welded; Right case 6 is fixedly connected with base plate 1; The upper surface of base plate 1 has guide rail 2; Mobile support saddle 9 is positioned at above the base plate 1, and leading screw 10 is fixed on the left box body 3 by an end of mobile support saddle 9; There is working groove the bottom surface of left box body 3, and is positioned over above the guide rail 2; Can make left box body 3 mobile on base plate 1 along guide rail 2 by leading screw 10 rotatablely moving on the mobile support saddle 9; The installation site of electron gun mobile device 5 is all left in the top of right case 6, right flank and bottom; Carry out movable sealing by dynamic seal ring 12 between electron gun mobile device 5 and the right case 6; The bottom of the right flank of right case 6 is equipped with pump group 8, vacuumizes by 8 pairs of partial vacuum sealing devices of pump group; Pump group 8 is comprised of mechanical pump, diffusion pump and lobe pump.
The electro-beam welding method of a kind of rail of the present invention, adopt the electron beam welding thermal source to weld, utilize partial vacuum sealing device to carry out seal protection in rail welding to be welded position, according to the welding condition of preset, realize the electron beam welding of rail to be welded; Concrete steps are:
1) utilize manual mode to drive leading screw 10 rotations, make left box body 3 move to left end, two sections rail to be welded are installed, make the welding point of two sections rail to be welded be positioned at vacuum electronic gun 4 under, then reverse manual actuation leading screw 10, mobile left box body 3 arrives right-hand member, and consists of partial vacuum sealing devices with rail 7 and right case 6;
2) because the welded rails size is less, can finish by once welding, therefore, the welding times of present embodiment is 1 time.Vacuum electronic gun moving device 5 is installed in the top of right case 6, can realize compound movement at right case by dynamic seal ring 12.Electron gun 4 is installed in above the mobile device 5.
3) utilize 8 pairs of partial vacuum sealing devices of pump group to carry out vacuum pumping, making the vacuum in the partial vacuum sealing device is 4 * 10
-3Mbar carries out vacuum protection to the welding point of two sections rail to be welded;
4) utilize the control system of electron-beam welder to write welding procedure, namely write the welding condition program of welding times, walking path program and the vacuum electronic gun 4 of vacuum electronic gun 4; Wherein, welding times is 1 time, the walking path of vacuum electronic gun 4 is linear reciprocating motion, beam voltage 65kV, Electron Beam Focusing electric current 3200mA in the welding condition program of vacuum electronic gun 4, electron beam line 250mA, electron beam line rising or falling speed 1000mA/s and speed of welding 12mm/s;
5) carry out the electron beam welding of two ends section rail to be welded according to the welding procedure of preset.
Embodiment 2
Two sections rail that rail is 60Kg/m to be welded, its joint to be welded is the plane; The weld seam form is banjo fixing butt jointing;
A kind of Electron beam welding device of rail, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2; Comprise base plate 1, guide rail 2, left box body 3, vacuum electronic gun 4, electron gun mobile device 5, right case 6, pump group 8, mobile support saddle 9 and leading screw 10; The cross sectional shape of the cross sectional shape of the cross sectional shape of left box body 3 and right case 6 and rail to be welded 7 matches, left box body 3 and right case 6 respectively process rail 7 sectional dimensions to be welded half, left box body 3 and right case 6 are inlaid with static sealing ring 11, by static sealing ring 11 left box body 3, rail to be welded 7 and right case 6 are sealed; Left box body 3, right case 6 form partial vacuum sealing device with rail 7 to be welded; Right case 6 is fixedly connected with base plate 1; The upper surface of base plate 1 has guide rail 2; Mobile support saddle 9 is positioned at above the base plate 1, and leading screw 10 is fixed on the left box body 3 by an end of mobile support saddle 9; There is working groove the bottom surface of left box body 3, and is positioned over above the guide rail 2; Can make left box body 3 mobile on base plate 1 along guide rail 2 by leading screw 10 rotatablely moving on the mobile support saddle 9; The installation site of electron gun mobile device 5 is all left in the top of right case 6, right flank and bottom; Carry out movable sealing by dynamic seal ring 12 between electron gun mobile device 5 and the right case 6; The bottom of the right flank of right case 6 is equipped with pump group 8, vacuumizes by 8 pairs of partial vacuum sealing devices of pump group; Pump group 8 is comprised of mechanical pump, diffusion pump and lobe pump.
The electro-beam welding method of a kind of rail of the present invention, adopt the electron beam welding thermal source to weld, utilize partial vacuum sealing device to carry out seal protection in rail welding to be welded position, according to the welding condition of preset, realize the electron beam welding of rail to be welded; Concrete steps are:
1) utilizes 10 rotations of motor-driven leading screw, make left box body 3 move to left end, two sections rail 7 to be welded are installed, make the welding point of two sections rail to be welded be positioned at vacuum electronic gun 4 under, then reverse drive motor, utilize the rotary moving left box body 3 of leading screw 10 to right-hand member, and consist of partial vacuum sealing device with rail 7 and right case 6;
2) because the welded rails size is less, need to finish by multiple welding at diverse location, therefore, the welding times of present embodiment is 3 times.During the 1st welding, vacuum electronic gun moving device 5 is installed in the top of right case 6, and electron gun 4 is installed in above the mobile device 5.
3) utilize 8 pairs of partial vacuum sealing devices of pump group to carry out vacuum pumping, making the vacuum in the partial vacuum sealing device is 4 * 10
-3Mbar carries out vacuum protection to the welding point of two sections rail 7 to be welded;
4) utilize the control system of electron-beam welder to write welding procedure, namely write the welding condition program of welding times, walking path program and the vacuum electronic gun 4 of vacuum electronic gun 4; Wherein, welding times is 3 times, the walking path of vacuum electronic gun 4 is linear reciprocating motion, beam voltage 60kV, Electron Beam Focusing electric current 4000mA in the welding condition program of vacuum electronic gun 4, electron beam line 200mA, electron beam line rising or falling speed 1000mA/s and speed of welding 15mm/s;
5) carry out the electron beam welding at two sections rail tops to be welded according to the welding procedure of top preset.
When 6) welding for the 2nd time, vacuum electronic gun moving device 5 is installed in the right flank of right case 6, and electron gun 4 is installed in above the mobile device 5.
7) utilize 8 pairs of partial vacuum sealing devices of pump group to carry out vacuum pumping, making the vacuum in the partial vacuum sealing device is 4 * 10
-3Mbar carries out vacuum protection to the welding point of two sections rail to be welded;
8) utilize the control system of electron-beam welder to write welding procedure, namely write the welding condition program of welding times, walking path program and the vacuum electronic gun 4 of vacuum electronic gun 4; Wherein, welding times is 3 times, the walking path of vacuum electronic gun 4 is linear reciprocating motion, beam voltage 50kV, Electron Beam Focusing electric current 2800mA in the welding condition program of vacuum electronic gun 4, electron beam line 100mA, electron beam line rising or falling speed 1000mA/s and speed of welding 15mm/s;
9) carry out the electron beam welding of two sections rail waists to be welded according to the welding procedure of top preset.
When 10) welding for the 3rd time, vacuum electronic gun moving device 5 is installed in the bottom surface of right case 6, and electron gun 4 is installed in above the mobile device 5.
11) utilize 8 pairs of partial vacuum sealing devices of pump group to carry out vacuum pumping, making the vacuum in the partial vacuum sealing device is 4 * 10
-3Mbar carries out vacuum protection to the welding point of two sections rail to be welded;
12) utilize the control system of electron-beam welder to write welding procedure, namely write the welding condition program of welding times, walking path program and the vacuum electronic gun 4 of vacuum electronic gun 4; Wherein, welding times is 3 times, the walking path of vacuum electronic gun 4 is linear reciprocating motion, beam voltage 60kV, Electron Beam Focusing electric current 3700mA in the welding condition program of vacuum electronic gun 4, electron beam line 80mA, electron beam line rising or falling speed 1000mA/s and speed of welding 15mm/s;
13) carry out the electron beam welding of two sections rail foot to be welded according to the welding procedure of top preset.
Claims (4)
1. the Electron beam welding device of a rail is characterized in that: comprise base plate (1), guide rail (2), left box body (3), vacuum electronic gun (4), electron gun mobile device (5), right case (6), pump group (8), mobile support saddle (9) and leading screw (10); The cross sectional shape of the cross sectional shape of the cross sectional shape of left box body (3) and right case (6) and rail to be welded (7) matches, left box body (3) and right case (6) respectively process half rail to be welded (7) sectional dimension, left box body (3) and right case (6) are inlaid with static sealing ring (11), by static sealing ring (11) left box body (3), rail to be welded (7) and right case (6) are sealed; Left box body (3), right case (6) form partial vacuum sealing device with rail to be welded (7); Right case (6) is fixedly connected with base plate (1); The upper surface of base plate (1) has guide rail (2); Mobile support saddle (9) is positioned at above the base plate (1), and leading screw (10) is fixed on the left box body (3) by an end of mobile support saddle (9); There is working groove the bottom surface of left box body (3), and is positioned over above the guide rail (2); Can make left box body (3) mobile on base plate (1) along guide rail (2) by leading screw (10) rotatablely moving on the mobile support saddle (9); The installation site of electron gun mobile device (5) is all left in top, right flank and the bottom of right case (6); Carry out movable sealing by dynamic seal ring (12) between electron gun mobile device (5) and the right case (6); The bottom of the right flank of right case (6) is equipped with pump group (8), by pump group (8) partial vacuum sealing device is vacuumized; Pump group (8) is comprised of mechanical pump, diffusion pump and lobe pump.
2. the electro-beam welding method of a rail is characterized in that concrete steps are:
1) by rotating threaded shaft (10), make left box body (3) move to left end, two sections rail to be welded are installed, make the welding point of two sections rail to be welded be positioned at vacuum electronic gun (4) under, and then reverse rotation leading screw (10), mobile left box body (3) is to right-hand member, and left box body (3), right case (6) consist of partial vacuum sealing devices with two sections rail to be welded;
2) according to the feature of rail to be welded, determine the welding times of rail to be welded, select the installation site of electron gun mobile device (5), utilize dynamic seal ring (12) to make electron gun mobile device (5) and right case (6) consist of movable sealing, and vacuum electronic gun (4) is fixed on above the electron gun mobile device (5);
3) utilize pump group (8) that partial vacuum sealing device is carried out vacuum pumping, the welding point of two sections rail to be welded is carried out vacuum protection;
4) utilize the control system of electron-beam welder to write welding procedure, namely write the welding condition program of welding times, walking path program and the vacuum electronic gun (4) of vacuum electronic gun (4); Wherein, welding times is by rail characteristics determined to be welded, the walking path program of vacuum electronic gun (4) is determined that by the welding point shape of two sections rail to be welded the welding condition program of vacuum electronic gun (4) comprises determining of following welding condition: beam voltage, Electron Beam Focusing electric current, electron beam line, electron beam line rising or falling speed and speed of welding;
5) carry out the electron beam welding of two sections rail to be welded according to the welding procedure of preset;
When 6) rail welding number of times to be welded was multiple welding, repeating step 2 successively) to 5) operation.
3. the electro-beam welding method of a kind of rail according to claim 2 is characterized in that: step 1) in leading screw (10) rotate to be manual rotation.
4. the electro-beam welding method of a kind of rail according to claim 2 is characterized in that: step 1) in leading screw (10) rotate to be driven by motor rotation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110207703 CN102275037B (en) | 2011-07-25 | 2011-07-25 | Electron beam welding device and method for steel rail |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201110207703 CN102275037B (en) | 2011-07-25 | 2011-07-25 | Electron beam welding device and method for steel rail |
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| CN102275037A CN102275037A (en) | 2011-12-14 |
| CN102275037B true CN102275037B (en) | 2013-05-29 |
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| CN 201110207703 Expired - Fee Related CN102275037B (en) | 2011-07-25 | 2011-07-25 | Electron beam welding device and method for steel rail |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103639583B (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2015-11-11 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 | A kind of symmetrical electron bundle welding track that utilizes carries out the method and system of welding |
| CN110340513A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-10-18 | 山西双环重工集团有限公司 | Vacuum welding picks and ring welding method |
| CN112518113B (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2022-04-15 | 北京中科恒晟科技有限公司 | Vacuum welding system |
| CN113290311B (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2022-11-08 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Vacuum sealing device for local vacuum electron beam welding of metal pipe fitting |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0624417A1 (en) * | 1993-05-12 | 1994-11-17 | Framatome | Method and apparatus to electron beam welding of two workpieces, in particular of a nuclear reactor stream generator |
| CN1271633A (en) * | 2000-05-12 | 2000-11-01 | 上海交通大学 | Electronic beam welder with separated wire-feeding chamber for low-vacuum wire feeding and its method |
| CN1422722A (en) * | 2002-12-30 | 2003-06-11 | 方立武 | Large-sized container local vacuum electron beam welding apparatus and method |
| CN202162498U (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2012-03-14 | 车军 | Electron beam welding device for steel rail |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60106680A (en) * | 1983-11-15 | 1985-06-12 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Electron beam welding device |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0624417A1 (en) * | 1993-05-12 | 1994-11-17 | Framatome | Method and apparatus to electron beam welding of two workpieces, in particular of a nuclear reactor stream generator |
| CN1271633A (en) * | 2000-05-12 | 2000-11-01 | 上海交通大学 | Electronic beam welder with separated wire-feeding chamber for low-vacuum wire feeding and its method |
| CN1422722A (en) * | 2002-12-30 | 2003-06-11 | 方立武 | Large-sized container local vacuum electron beam welding apparatus and method |
| CN202162498U (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2012-03-14 | 车军 | Electron beam welding device for steel rail |
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