CN102274464A - 一种治疗慢性肝炎、脾大及肝硬化的中药组合物 - Google Patents
一种治疗慢性肝炎、脾大及肝硬化的中药组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种治疗慢性肝炎、脾大及肝硬化的中药组合物,其由以下重量份原料药组成:当归20-30份、白芍15-25份、龟板20-40份、海星18-30份、鳖甲30-60份、柴胡12-24份、人参15-30份、黄芪30-60份、地榆15-30份、文术6-15份、大黄6-20份和丹参12-25份。该药物可制成水丸剂直接服用,疗效显著、用药方便,经临床观察,有效率达93%,且治愈后不复发。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药技术领域,具体涉及一种治疗慢性肝炎、脾大及肝硬化的中药组合物。
背景技术
“慢性肝炎→肝纤维化→肝硬化→肝癌”是肝脏疾病演化的一条途径,对病患的生存形成相当大的威胁。肝硬化是一种常见的慢性肝病,可由一种或多种原因引起肝脏损害,肝脏呈进行性、弥漫性、纤维性病变。具体表现为肝细胞弥漫性变性坏死,继而出现纤维组织增生和肝细胞结节状再生,这三种改变反复交错进行,导致肝小叶结构和血液循环途径逐渐被改建,使肝变形、变硬而导致肝硬化。脾大往往是肝硬化的前期,肝纤维化之后血流缓慢,脾脏淤血,逐渐增大,然后加重门静脉压力,反过来使肝硬化加重。
肝硬化的早期症状并不明显,在发生轻微病变的时候,大部分健康的组织尚能够应付日常代谢活动的需要,所以不容易发生不适的症状。很多肝病患者正是忽视了肝病的早期表现,导致肝硬化病情加重。最新的医疗权威统计显示,50%肝硬化患者发现都是在晚期肝硬化或者肝癌,所以这也是肝硬化死亡率高的原因之一。
肝硬化的晚期症状主要有(一)全身症状:主要有乏力、易疲倦、体力减退。疲倦乏力是肝硬化晚期症状之一,肝硬化晚期症状多半有皮肤干枯粗糙,面色灰暗黝黑。(二)消化道症状:食欲减退是最常见肝硬化晚期症状,有时伴有恶心,呕吐。一般表现为营养状况较差,食欲明显减退,进食后即感到上腹不适和饱胀、恶心、甚至呕吐,肝硬化晚期对脂肪和蛋白质耐受性差,进油腻食物,易引起腹泻。肝硬化患者因腹水和胃肠积气而感腹胀难忍,晚期可出现中毒性鼓肠。(三)门静脉高压:表现为食道静脉曲张,脾大和腹水,尤以食道静脉曲张最危险。由于曲张静脉的血管壁薄,很易破裂导致消化道大出血。(四)肝硬化腹水形成:肝硬化晚期腹水出现前常有腹胀,大量水使腹部膨隆,腹壁绷紧发高亮,状如蛙腹,患者行走困难,有时膈显著抬高,出现呼吸和脐疝。(五)出血倾向及贫血:肝硬化晚期常有鼻衄,齿龈出血,皮肤淤斑,胃肠粘膜糜烂出血,鼻腔出血,呕血与黑粪,女性常有月经过多等症状。(六)内分泌失调:肝硬化晚期时,肝脏的功能衰退更加明显,直接导致雌性激素的灭活减少,雌激素分泌量上升,血液中含有大量的雌激素,同时伴有雄性激素受到抑制等现象。
目前用于治疗肝硬化脾大的常规中药,存在药效不明显、见效迟缓等缺陷,以致于很多患者因肝纤维化的不断加重,最后引发消化道出血、肝性脑病等并发症而死亡,给患者和家属带来了极大的痛苦。
发明内容
为克服现有技术不足,本发明目的在于提供一种治疗慢性肝炎、肝硬化及脾大的中药组合物,该药物服用方便、疗效显著且见效快。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种治疗慢性肝炎、脾大及肝硬化的中药组合物,其由以下重量份原料药组成:当归20-30份、白芍15-25份、龟板20-40份、海星18-30份、鳖甲30-60份、柴胡12-24份、人参15-30份、黄芪30-60份、地榆15-30份、文术6-15份、大黄6-20份和丹参12-25份。
较好的,上述中药组合物由以下重量份原料药组成:当归22-27份、白芍18-22份、龟板25-35份、海星20-26份、鳖甲35-50份、柴胡15-20份、人参20-25份、黄芪35-50份、地榆20-28份、文术8-12份、大黄10-18份和丹参15-22份。
本发明中药组合物可以按照常规的中药制剂方法制备成任何一种常用口服制剂,所述口服制剂可以为汤剂、丸剂、胶囊剂、片剂、粉剂、颗粒剂或口服液。如可按比例取上述重量份洗净、晾干的十二味原料药,分别粉碎研磨成末(以过100-120目筛为宜),按照本领域的常规方法制成如绿豆大小的水丸(水丸8粒重约1g)。用法用量:饭后温开水送服,每日三次,一次10g(即80粒),30天为一个疗程。注意事项:服药期间停服其它中西药,忌食生葱,辣椒,绝对禁饮白酒。
水丸也称水泛丸,一般采用泛制法将方中全部药物细粉制成小丸。泛制丸粒体积小,表面致密光滑、色泽一致,既便于吞服,又不易吸潮,利于保管贮存。患者服药后,大小便次数增多,大便色暗,小便色黄,使药物起到排毒作用,随着体内毒素的排出,小便逐渐变清,疗效明显。根据患者的病情轻重,服用水丸一般1-6个疗程即痊愈康复,愈后不复发。
本发明中药组合物的药理如下:当归:性温,昧甘、辛,归肝、心、脾经。主治补血活血,润肠通便。用于血虚萎黄、眩晕心悸、虚寒腹痛、肠燥便秘、跌扑损伤、痈疽疮疡。白芍:味苦、平。入肝、脾经。养血柔肝,缓中止痛,敛阴收汗。治胸腹胁肋疼痛,泻痢腹痛,自汗盗汗,用以保肝护肝。《本经》:"主邪气腹痛,除血痹,破坚积,治寒热疝瘕,止痛,利小便,益气。"龟板(龟科动物的腹甲及背甲):甘咸、寒,归心、脾、肝三经。滋肾潜阳,益肾健骨,养血补心;配鳖甲,养肝益肾、精血互化。海星(海盘车科动物多棘海盘车的干燥全体):苦。咸、平,归心、胃、大肠三经。镇惊安神、和胃止痛、厚肠止泻。用于急慢惊风、破伤风、癫痫、胃脘痛、反酸、腹泻、胃溃疡。鳖甲(鳖科动物鳖的背甲):咸、寒。归肝、肾经。滋肾潜阳,软坚散结。柴胡:味苦,性微寒。归肝、胆经。功能:疏散退热,升阳舒肝,可用于肝郁气滞。人参:性平、味甘、微苦,微温。归脾、肺经。功效:大补元气,复脉固脱,补脾益肺,生津止渴,安神益智。主治气血津液不足之证。黄芪:味甘,性微温。归肺、脾、肝、肾经。黄芪有益气固表、敛汗固脱、托疮生肌、利水消肿之功效。用于治疗气虚乏力,中气下陷,久泻脱肛,血虚萎黄,内热消渴,慢性肾炎等。地榆:苦酸,寒。归肝、肺、肾、大肠经。有清热解毒、消肿敛疮、凉血止血之功效。文术,别名莪术,味苦,性辛、温。归肝、脾经。功效:破血祛瘀,行气止痛,能行气消积止痛,用于饮食积滞、胸腹满闷作痛。大黄:性味苦、寒。归胃、大肠、肝、脾经。功效:攻积滞;清湿热;泻火;凉血;祛瘀;解毒。丹参:味苦,性微寒。归心、肝经。活血调经,祛瘀止痛,凉血消痈,清心除烦,养血安神。主治月经不调,症瘕积聚,胸腹刺痛,热痹疼痛,疮疡肿痛,心烦不眠;肝脾肿大,心绞痛等。
上述诸药以“扶正祛邪、清肝解毒”为原则,配伍合理,相辅相成,各原料药相互协调在一起最大程度发挥药效,增强了药物软肝消脾,培补气血,疏肝解郁,健脾益气,清肝解毒,理气止痛之功效;使药物具有明显的保肝作用,能显著降低转氨酶,提高血清总蛋白及白蛋白含量,增加胆汁流量,提高胃蛋白酶活性,促进消化,并且具有增强机体应激能力及提高免疫机能的作用。适应症:适用于慢性肝炎、肝硬化、肝硬化脾大、脾肿大、肝大脾大、肝癌等症。
本发明中药组合物治疗手段简单、服用方便、疗效显著。经临床试验观察,对肝病因正气亏虚,肝脾失调所致的胁肋疼痛,腹胀,纳差,身倦乏力,头晕,气短面色灰暗,疲倦,牙龈出血,口苦咽干,大便色暗,腹痛,肝脾肿大,脾大,肋痛等症状有明显的减轻和消除作用,能使肿大的肝脾缩小,并对腹水的出现、乙型病毒性肝炎向肝硬化、肝癌转化有明显的预防作用。经药物试验证明,本发明中药组合物安全无毒副作用,长期服用,疗效更佳。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步说明,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此。
实施例1:
一种治疗慢性肝炎、脾大及肝硬化的中药组合物,其由以下重量份(以g计)原料药组成:当归20g、白芍18g、龟板40g、海星20g、鳖甲35g、柴胡12g、人参15g、黄芪30g、地榆15g、文术15g、大黄10g和丹参16g。
实施例2:
一种治疗慢性肝炎、脾大及肝硬化的中药组合物,其由以下重量份(以g计)原料药组成:当归25g、白芍15g、龟板35g、海星23g、鳖甲40g、柴胡15g、人参20g、黄芪35g、地榆20g、文术12g、大黄8g和丹参20g。
实施例3:
一种治疗慢性肝炎、脾大及肝硬化的中药组合物,其由以下重量份(以g计)原料药组成:当归30g、白芍22g、龟板25g、海星25g、鳖甲60g、柴胡24g、人参30g、黄芪55g、地榆25g、文术10g、大黄16g和丹参25g。
实施例4:
一种治疗慢性肝炎、脾大及肝硬化的中药组合物,其由以下重量份原料药(以g计)组成:当归22g、白芍25g、龟板30g、海星30g、鳖甲50g、柴胡20g、人参25g、黄芪45g、地榆28g、文术8g、大黄20g和丹参12g。
上述各实施例所述中药组合物,制备时可按比例取各原料药,分别粉碎研磨成末(过120目筛)后混匀,按照本领域常规的泛制法制成绿豆大小的水丸(水丸8粒重约1g)。用法用量:饭后温开水送服,每日三次,一次80粒水丸(即1次10g),30天为一个疗程。注意事项:服药期间停服其它中西药,忌食生葱,辣椒,绝对禁饮白酒。服用期间生活规律,营养全面,少食多餐,坚持不懈,利于早日康复。
病例试验
经260例患者在临床观察,使用本发明中药组合物治愈206例;有效36例;无效18例;有效率达93%,且治愈后不复发。中医临床诊断肝炎肝硬化脾大标准:肢软乏力,腹胀、腹痛,恶心,肝区疼,胁肋痛,腹泻,舌红面廋,面色灰暗,牙龈出血,口苦咽干,大便色暗,肝脾肿大;黄疸、贫血或有出血倾向;出现肝掌、蜘蛛痣、皮肤色素沉着及浮肿等。如上症状,即可确诊。疗效判定:(1)治愈:乏力消失,肢体有力;腹胀、恶心、上腹隐痛显著缓解直至消失;贫血和肝面容显著缓解,脸色白皙有红润;浮肿消失;肝纤维化检查的各项指标正常。(2)有效:身上有劲,腹胀、恶心、呕吐、贫血、出血、浮肿等症状有所缓解。(3)无效:体征无改变,症状无改善。
以下通过典型病例来进一步阐述本发明外用中药组合物的有益效果。
典型病例1:
杨某,男,36岁,河南省新乡延津人,患病4年,经医院确诊为肝硬化脾大,患者症状:全身乏力,肝区疼痛,肋痛,身目发黄,色暗,体形消瘦,行动不便,需要家人搀扶行走。2003年患者服用实施例1所述药物,15天后疼痛及乏力症状逐渐缓解,面色发红,脾亢好转,基本能自理行走。继续服药1个疗程后,肿大的脾脏缩小至正常范围,脾亢消失。2个疗程后疼痛及乏力症状完全消失,痊愈康复,像正常人一样健康生活,停药后指标化验正常,至今无复发。
典型病例2:
李某,男,62岁,河南确山县人,2000年初诊患慢性肝炎18年,肝功能反复波动。医院诊断:早期肝硬化,病症:腹胀,头晕乏力,肝区隐痛,纳差,口干,便溏,小便量少,慢性肝病面容,肝脏左叶厚6.1cm,右叶最大斜径14.6cm,形态饱满,表面欠平滑,肝实质回声增粗不均,门静脉主干内径1.3cm。胆囊大小形态正常,脾脏肋间厚4.5 cm长径13.4 cm,脾静脉内经无扩张,表面光滑,脾內回声均匀。实验室检查:谷丙转氨酶150U/L,谷草转氨酶210U/L,碱性磷酸酶46U/L,总胆红素40 umol/L,直接胆红素9.6 umol/L,白蛋白46G/L,球蛋白35.00G/L。B超提示:肝硬化,脾肿大。患者服用实施例4药物三个疗程痊愈,经医院指标化验正常,停药后无复发。
典型病例3:
徐某,女,58岁,浙江人,2003年6月初诊,患有慢性肝炎20余年,肝功能指标反复波动,98年B超诊断:肝硬化,脾肿大,伴腹水。2000-2001年先后出现上消化道出血,医生建议肝移植,在等待供肝期间来我处就诊。就诊时患者腹胀,纳差,怕冷,尿少,面色黝黑,身目黄染,肝掌,肋缘下未及,叩痛,脾厚约5cm长径15cm,双下肢浮肿,舌淡胖苔白腻,脉沉细迟钝。服用实施例2药物20天,腹水明显减少,脾亢缓解,继续服用二个疗程,B超复查没见腹水,脾大基本正常,患者病情得以控制并稳定至今。
典型病例4:
张某,男,62岁,湖南人,慢性乙肝、肝硬化病史30余年,一直吃西药治疗。2006年9月因右胁疼痛前来就诊。B超诊断:肝硬化。初诊患者:面色灰暗,形体消瘦,精神倦怠,乏力纳差,大便干,小便黄,右胁疼痛。肝功能:谷丙转氨酶378U/L,谷草转氨酶160U/L,总胆红素80umol/L,舌质暗淡边有齿痕,苔白黄,脉沉细。辩证为脾肾两虚,热瘀互结。服用实施例3药物15天后复诊,大便通畅,精神转佳,疼痛减轻。继续服用三个月,再次复诊肝功正常,患者病情稳定,至今无复发。
典型病例5:
柴某,男,37岁,南阳人,患病6年,长期肝功能异常,干扰素治疗半年乏效,目前自服保肝片治疗。近几个月因两肋疼痛,右侧为主,胸闷苦口,目赤,腹胀,牙龈出血,心烦失眠,大便秘结,小便黄赤前来就诊。医院B超诊断:肝硬化脾大。服用实施例1所述药物一个疗程后症状消失,出血症状得到改善。坚持服用2个月病人治愈,医院化验各项指标正常,至今无复发。
Claims (2)
1.一种治疗慢性肝炎、脾大及肝硬化的中药组合物,其特征在于,由以下重量份原料药组成:当归20-30份、白芍15-25份、龟板20-40份、海星18-30份、鳖甲30-60份、柴胡12-24份、人参15-30份、黄芪30-60份、地榆15-30份、文术6-15份、大黄6-20份和丹参12-25份。
2.如权利要求1所述治疗慢性肝炎、脾大及肝硬化的中药组合物,其特征在于,由以下重量份原料药组成:当归22-27份、白芍18-22份、龟板25-35份、海星20-26份、鳖甲35-50份、柴胡15-20份、人参20-25份、黄芪35-50份、地榆20-28份、文术8-12份、大黄10-18份和丹参15-22份。
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