CN102268464A - Method for producing diglyceride with rice bran oil of high acid value - Google Patents
Method for producing diglyceride with rice bran oil of high acid value Download PDFInfo
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- CN102268464A CN102268464A CN2010101897834A CN201010189783A CN102268464A CN 102268464 A CN102268464 A CN 102268464A CN 2010101897834 A CN2010101897834 A CN 2010101897834A CN 201010189783 A CN201010189783 A CN 201010189783A CN 102268464 A CN102268464 A CN 102268464A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing diglyceride with rice bran oil of high acid value. The method adopts rice bran oil of high acid value as the substrate material and glycerin as the acyl acceptor, and employs lipase for the glycerolysis of rice bran oil of high acid value through enzymatic reaction and the synthesis of diglyceride through esterification in a non-solvent system. The method comprises the steps of: (1) subjecting crude rice bran oil of high acid value to a hydrated degumming process so as to obtain degummed rice bran oil of high acid value; (2) adding glycerin into the degummed rice bran oil of high acid value, thus obtaining a mixture of diglyceride; (3) separating the mixture of diglyceride, thus obtaining diglyceride. In the invention, the preparation process is shortened, the unit operation process of separating the solvent from the system is nonexistent, and the energy consumption is saved. The method of the invention makes fully use of the free fatty acid in the system to reduce the acid value of the system, and the loss of nutrient components from the rice bran oil of high acid value under an enzymatic mild reaction condition is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the greasy method of enzymatic synthetic triglyceride, be specifically related to adopt the method for high acid value Rice pollard oil as raw material production triglyceride grease.
Background technology
High acid value Rice pollard oil is internationally recognized nutrition grease, is called as " health-nutrition oil " abroad, is rich in essential fatty acid, and it is more reasonable that lipid acid own is formed, and meets the optimum proportion that WHO is recommended.Be rich in tocotrienols, thiaminogen, sterol, squalene etc. in the high acid value Rice pollard oil, these nutritive substances all help absorption of human body, utilization.Therefore, as the high acid value Rice pollard oil of food grade, long-term eating has the prevention cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, enhances metabolism and antidotal function.There is abundant rice bran resource in China, but owing to contain a large amount of lipolytic enzyme in the rice bran, the grease in the rice bran very easily becomes sour and causes the high acid value oleic acid valency of hair higher, causes the edible of high acid value Rice pollard oil to be restricted.At present; adopt chemical alkali refining method or steam distillation depickling to produce edible high acid value Rice pollard oil about the high acid value Rice pollard oil of high acid value hair; but; no matter chemical deacidification or distill depickling; all cause a large amount of losses of the high acid value Rice pollard oil of the course of processing, make that the high acid value refining of crude rice bran oil of finished product rate is lower, simultaneously; energy consumption is high and produce a large amount of oily(waste)waters in the production process, reduces discharging and environment protection causes certain pressure to industry energy conservation.Triglyceride is meant a lipid acid of triglyceride level by the structure ester that hydroxyl replaced, and it is greasy natural component, but relative content is less; Also be the metabolic in vivo intermediate product of grease simultaneously.By animal and human experimentation checking, triglyceride has the pathways metabolism that is different from triglyceride level, thereby has a special physiological properties, reduce triglyceride level and pile up in vivo, thus cardiovascular disordeies such as prevention and treatment of obesity to a certain extent, hyperlipidaemia and relevant arteriosclerosis thereof, cerebral thrombosis.(U.S. food and FAD term: generally recognized as safe) belong to safety food in the tabulation, its security is by the approval of FDA (U.S. food and FAD), FASEB authoritative institutions such as (U.S. associating biological tissues) at GRAS for triglyceride.
The triglyceride of research preparation both at home and abroad is according to the difference of using catalyzer in the production process at present, and the triglyceride preparation method can be divided into chemical method and biological enzyme.It is lower that chemical method prepares the triglyceride cost, be easy to commercial scale production, this method shortcoming is reaction needed high temperature, side reactions such as cracking and polymerization easily take place in big, the grease of production energy consumption under this condition, the product organoleptic quality is relatively poor, for example color dark, peculiar smell is arranged, nutritive ingredient is destroyed, causes environmental pollution in the treating processes of catalyzer.Biological enzyme is to have biomass cells to produce and have the specific proteins of catalytic activity, and as catalyzer, enzyme has the property that general catalyzer does not have: high efficiency, height specificity, high degree of controlled, volatility and metabolism dependency.The kind of enzyme has a lot, and the enzyme of using in oils industry mainly is a lipase, i.e. triglyceride hydrolysis enzyme, and its basic function is that catalyzing glycerol three esters are hydrolyzed to glycerine and lipid acid.In addition, lipase can have satisfactory stability and catalytic activity completely in organic solvent, in nearly water-less environment, and catalytic esterification, transesterify, building-up reactions effectively.Comparatively speaking, the non-solvent system enzymatic prepares that the triglyceride reaction conditions is gentle, environmental pollution is little, but lower temperature of reaction can make reaction mixture viscosity bigger, and the wetting ability of enzyme is easy to be divided into hydrophobic oil phase, hydrophilic glycerine phase and solid enzyme mutually in addition, and this has just reduced production efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to replace polished fat and make reaction substrate, change the high acid value Rice pollard oil depickling angle of simple in the past research, prepare high yield, be rich in oleic acid and linoleic triglyceride with high acid value Rice pollard oil.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the method that the high acid value Rice pollard oil of a kind of usefulness is produced triglyceride; this method is to be that substrate raw material, glycerine are made the reaction acyl acceptor with high acid value Rice pollard oil in non-solvent system; utilize the high acid value Rice pollard oil of lipase enzymatic to carry out glycerine and separate and the esterification synthetic triglyceride, its step is as follows:
(1) the high acid value Rice pollard oil of hair is carried out the hydration degum process, high acid value Rice pollard oil obtains coming unstuck;
(2) in the high acid value Rice pollard oil that comes unstuck that step (1) obtains, add glycerine, the weight of glycerine is 2%～20% of the high acid value Rice pollard oil weight of coming unstuck, mixing the back adds in the retort, setting the retort temperature is 35～90 ℃, the lipase that adds the high acid value Rice pollard oil weight 1～12% of coming unstuck then, reacted 1～14 hour, and removed the moisture that reaction process generates, obtain diglyceride mixt by vacuum;
(3) pump into whizzer with obtaining diglyceride mixt in the step (2), after the centrifugation, the upper strata grease is added ethanol, be under 55～62 ℃ the condition in temperature, stirring and dissolving is cooled to 30～46 ℃ of crystallizations 1～24 hour, vacuum filtration then, with filter cake vacuum-drying under 80～100 ℃ condition, obtain triglyceride.
The acid value of described high acid value Rice pollard oil is 18～50mgKOH/g.
Must the come unstuck method steps of high acid value Rice pollard oil of the high acid value Rice pollard oil hydration degum of hair is in the described step (1): with the high acid value Rice pollard oil of hair under 5000～6000 rev/mins rotating speed, removal of impurities in centrifugal 20～30 minutes, again the high acid value Rice pollard oil of removal of impurities hair is pumped in the hydration tank, 40～50 rev/mins of price modification stirring velocitys, make the high acid value Rice pollard oil temperature of hair rise to 60～65 ℃, add salt solution then, continue to stir 30～40 minutes, pumping into whizzer again separates, change the moisture high acid value Rice pollard oil that comes unstuck over to vacuum dewatering apparatus at last, high acid value Rice pollard oil obtains coming unstuck.
Described salt water consumption is the high acid value Rice pollard oil weight 2～3% of hair, and brine concentration is 0.5～0.7%.
The temperature of described vacuum hydro-extraction is 95～105 ℃, vacuum tightness 0.08～0.1Mpa.
Lipase is any one among Lipozyme TL IM, Novozym 435, the Lipozyme RM IM in the described step (2).
Alcohol concn is 75～100% in the described step (3), and consumption of ethanol is 0.5～6 times of upper strata grease weight.
Reaction finishes after-filtration recovery lipase in the described step (2), and in the step (3), filtrate is returned dissolution process through vacuum distilling and recycled.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the high activity immobilization lipase that the present invention adopts, the high acid value Rice pollard oil of enzymatic prepares the triglyceride grease under solvent-free system, change to utilize under the organic solvent system in the research usually and synthesize, shortened preparation technology, there is not solvent isolating unit process from system, saves energy consumption.The present invention makes full use of the free fatty acids in the system, reduces the system acid value, and reduces loss of nutritive components in the high acid value Rice pollard oil under the enzymatic mild reaction conditions.The present invention replaces polished fat with high acid value Rice pollard oil and makes reaction substrate, rationally and effectively utilized a large amount of free fatty acidies that exist in the crude oil; Reduce repeatedly the loss that high temperature, traditional alkali refining cause nutritive ingredient in the high acid value Rice pollard oil such as thiaminogen, plant sterol; Reduce because energy consumption and the waste water generation that the high acid value Rice pollard oil of hair is caused deviate from refining, reach the industry policy of energy-saving and emission-reduction.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The method that the high acid value Rice pollard oil of a kind of usefulness is produced the triglyceride grease, its step is as follows:
(1) the high acid value Rice pollard oil hydration degum of the hair high acid value Rice pollard oil that must come unstuck: with the high acid value Rice pollard oil of hair under 5000 rev/mins rotating speed, removal of impurities in centrifugal 20 minutes; Pump in the hydration tank through the high acid value Rice pollard oil of removal of impurities hair of metering 200g, cooperate 40 rev/mins of stirring velocitys to make oily temperature rise to 60～65 ℃, then by hair 2～3 times of high acid value Rice pollard oil gum level, evenly add with oil temperature, oil heavy 2%, concentration is 0.7% salt solution, keep temperature-resistant, continue to stir 30～40 minutes, when treating that the micelle flocculation presents obvious separate stage, standing sedimentation is finished hydration; Pumping into whizzer then carries out oil and separates with colloid; Changing the moisture high acid value Rice pollard oil that comes unstuck over to vacuum tightness is 0.08～0.1Mpa, and temperature is that 95～105 ℃ vacuum apparatus dehydration makes the high acid value Rice pollard oil that comes unstuck;
(2) transesterify of the high acid value Rice pollard oil of enzymatic degumming prepares diglyceride mixt: mixture is delivered in the retort that is communicated with vacuum, 720r/min stirring with glycerine 2g by pump the high acid value Rice pollard oil 100g that comes unstuck that obtains in the step (1), after treating that temperature automatically controlled reaction system is warming up to 75 ℃, adding is based on the lipase Lipozyme TL IM of oil quality 6%, react after 5 hours filtered and recycled lipase;
(3) separation of triglyceride: it is centrifugal that the product that step (2) reactor is obtained pumps into whizzer, the upper strata grease partly changes in the crystallizer of 58～59 ℃ of band stirrings, and be to add 95% dissolve with ethanol grease at 0.5: 1 by solvent and oil quality ratio, make it to be dissolved as fully uniform solution, gained solution is cooled to 30～31 ℃ of crystallizations 6 hours, vacuum filtration filters out the solid of separating out and is placed on and is lower than 80 ℃ of vacuum-dryings, makes and is rich in the triglyceride grease; Filtrate is returned dissolution process through vacuum distilling and is recycled.
Embodiment 2
(1) the high acid value Rice pollard oil hydration degum of hair must come unstuck high acid value Rice pollard oil with step (1) among the embodiment 1;
(2) transesterify of the high acid value Rice pollard oil of enzymatic degumming prepares diglyceride mixt: add the immobilized lipase Lipozyme RM IM based on oil quality 6%, reacted 7 hours, other transesterification conditions is with step (2) among the embodiment 1;
(3) separation of triglyceride is with step (3) among the embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
(1) the high acid value Rice pollard oil hydration degum of hair must come unstuck high acid value Rice pollard oil with step (1) among the embodiment 1;
(2) transesterify of the high acid value Rice pollard oil of enzymatic degumming prepares diglyceride mixt: mixture is delivered in the retort that is communicated with vacuum, 720r/min stirring with glycerine 2g by pump the high acid value Rice pollard oil 100g that comes unstuck that obtains in the step (1), after treating that temperature automatically controlled reaction system is warming up to 75 ℃, adding is based on the immobilized lipase Novozym 435 of oil quality 2%, reacted filtered and recycled lipase 7 hours;
(3) separation of triglyceride: it is centrifugal that the product that step (2) reactor is obtained pumps into whizzer, the upper strata grease partly changes in the crystallizer of 58～59 ℃ of band stirrings, and be to add 95% dissolve with ethanol grease at 2.5: 1 by solvent and oil quality ratio, make it to be dissolved as fully uniform solution, gained solution is cooled to 35～36 ℃ of crystallizations 12 hours, vacuum filtration filters out the solid of separating out and is placed on and is lower than 80 ℃ of vacuum-dryings, makes and is rich in the triglyceride grease; Filtrate is returned dissolution process through vacuum distilling and is recycled.
Embodiment 4
(1) the high acid value Rice pollard oil hydration degum of hair must come unstuck high acid value Rice pollard oil with step (1) among the embodiment 1;
(2) transesterify of the high acid value Rice pollard oil of enzymatic degumming prepares diglyceride mixt: mixture is delivered in the retort that is communicated with vacuum, 720r/min stirring with glycerine 4.2g by pump the high acid value Rice pollard oil 100g that comes unstuck that obtains in the step (1), after treating that temperature automatically controlled reaction system is warming up to 50 ℃, adding is based on the immobilized lipase Novozym 435 of oil quality 5%, reacted filtered and recycled lipase 6 hours;
(3) separation of triglyceride: it is centrifugal that the product that step (2) reactor is obtained pumps into whizzer, the upper strata grease partly changes in the crystallizer of 58～59 ℃ of band stirrings, and be to add 95% dissolve with ethanol grease at 4.5: 1 by solvent and oil quality ratio, make it to be dissolved as fully uniform solution, gained solution is cooled to 40～41 ℃ of crystallizations 18 hours, vacuum filtration filters out the solid of separating out and is placed on and is lower than 80 ℃ of vacuum-dryings, makes and is rich in the triglyceride grease; Filtrate is returned dissolution process through vacuum distilling and is recycled.
Embodiment 5
(1) the high acid value Rice pollard oil hydration degum of hair must come unstuck high acid value Rice pollard oil with step (1) among the embodiment 1;
(2) transesterify of the high acid value Rice pollard oil of enzymatic degumming prepares diglyceride mixt: mixture is delivered in the retort that is communicated with vacuum, 720r/min stirring with glycerine 16.8g by pump the high acid value Rice pollard oil 100g that comes unstuck that obtains in the step (1), temperature automatically controlled reaction system is warming up to 75 ℃, and other transesterification reaction condition is with step (2) among the embodiment 4.
(3) separation of triglyceride: it is centrifugal that the product that step (2) reactor is obtained pumps into whizzer, the upper strata grease partly changes in the crystallizer of 58～59 ℃ of band stirrings, and be to add the anhydrous alcohol solution grease at 6: 1 by solvent and oil quality ratio, make it to be dissolved as fully uniform solution, gained solution is cooled to 45～46 ℃ of crystallizations 24 hours, vacuum filtration filters out the solid of separating out and is placed on and is lower than 80 ℃ of vacuum-dryings, makes and is rich in the triglyceride grease; Filtrate is returned dissolution process through vacuum distilling and is recycled.
Embodiment 6
(1) the high acid value Rice pollard oil hydration degum of hair must come unstuck high acid value Rice pollard oil with step (1) among the embodiment 1;
(2) transesterify of the high acid value Rice pollard oil of enzymatic degumming prepares diglyceride mixt: temperature automatically controlled reaction system is warming up to 90 ℃, and other transesterification conditions is with step (2) among the embodiment 5.
(3) separation of triglyceride: it is centrifugal that the product that step (2) reactor is obtained pumps into whizzer, the upper strata grease partly changes in the crystallizer of 58～59 ℃ of band stirrings, and be to add 75% dissolve with ethanol grease at 5: 1 by solvent and oil quality ratio, make it to be dissolved as fully uniform solution, gained solution is cooled to 40～41 ℃ of crystallizations 18 hours, vacuum filtration filters out the solid of separating out and is placed on and is lower than 80 ℃ of vacuum-dryings, makes and is rich in the triglyceride grease; Filtrate is returned dissolution process through vacuum distilling and is recycled.
Implementation column 7
(1) the high acid value Rice pollard oil hydration degum of hair must come unstuck high acid value Rice pollard oil with step (1) among the embodiment 1;
(2) transesterify of the high acid value Rice pollard oil of enzymatic degumming prepares sweet two ester mixtures: temperature automatically controlled reaction system is warming up to 75 ℃, adds the lipase Novozym 435 based on oil quality 10%, and other transesterification reaction condition is with step (2) among the embodiment 5.
(3) separation of triglyceride: gained solution cooling post crystallization 12 hours, other condition is with step (3) among the embodiment 6.
Embodiment 8
(1) the high acid value Rice pollard oil hydration degum of hair must come unstuck high acid value Rice pollard oil with step (1) among the embodiment 1;
(2) transesterify of the high acid value Rice pollard oil of enzymatic degumming prepares diglyceride mixt: temperature automatically controlled reaction system is warming up to 80 ℃, adding is based on the lipase Novozym 435 of oil quality 6%, reacted 8 hours, other transesterification reaction condition is with step (2) among the embodiment 5.
(3) separation of triglyceride: separate the purification condition with step (3) among the embodiment 7.
Claims (7)
1. method of producing triglyceride with high acid value Rice pollard oil; this method is to be that substrate raw material, glycerine are made the reaction acyl acceptor with high acid value Rice pollard oil in non-solvent system; utilize the high acid value Rice pollard oil of lipase enzymatic to carry out glycerine and separate and the esterification synthetic triglyceride, it is characterized in that its step is as follows:
(1) the high acid value Rice pollard oil of hair is carried out the hydration degum process, high acid value Rice pollard oil obtains coming unstuck;
(2) in the high acid value Rice pollard oil that comes unstuck that step (1) obtains, add glycerine, the weight of glycerine is 2%～20% of the high acid value Rice pollard oil weight of coming unstuck, mixing the back adds in the retort, setting the retort temperature is 35～90 ℃, the lipase that adds the high acid value Rice pollard oil weight 1～12% of coming unstuck then, reacted 1～14 hour, and removed the moisture that reaction process generates, obtain diglyceride mixt by vacuum;
(3) pump into whizzer with obtaining diglyceride mixt in the step (2), after the centrifugation, the upper strata grease is added ethanol, be under 55～62 ℃ the condition in temperature, stirring and dissolving is cooled to 30～46 ℃ of crystallizations 1～24 hour, vacuum filtration then, with filter cake vacuum-drying under 80～100 ℃ condition, obtain triglyceride.
2. the method that the high acid value Rice pollard oil of usefulness according to claim 1 is produced triglyceride, it is characterized in that: the acid value of described high acid value Rice pollard oil is 18～50mgKOH/g.
3. the method that the high acid value Rice pollard oil of usefulness according to claim 1 is produced triglyceride, it is characterized in that: must the come unstuck method steps of high acid value Rice pollard oil of the high acid value Rice pollard oil hydration degum of hair is in the described step (1): with the high acid value Rice pollard oil of hair under 5000～6000 rev/mins rotating speed, removal of impurities in centrifugal 20～30 minutes, again the high acid value Rice pollard oil of removal of impurities hair is pumped in the hydration tank, 40～50 rev/mins of price modification stirring velocitys, make the high acid value Rice pollard oil temperature of hair rise to 60～65 ℃, add salt solution then, continue to stir 30～40 minutes, pumping into whizzer again separates, change the moisture high acid value Rice pollard oil that comes unstuck over to vacuum dewatering apparatus at last, high acid value Rice pollard oil obtains coming unstuck.
4. the method that the high acid value Rice pollard oil of usefulness according to claim 3 is produced triglyceride is characterized in that: described salt water consumption is the high acid value Rice pollard oil weight 2～3% of hair, and brine concentration is 0.5～0.7%.
5. the method that the high acid value Rice pollard oil of usefulness according to claim 3 is produced triglyceride, it is characterized in that: the temperature of described vacuum hydro-extraction is 95～105 ℃, vacuum tightness 0.08～0.1Mpa.
6. the method that the high acid value Rice pollard oil of usefulness according to claim 1 is produced triglyceride is characterized in that: lipase is any one among Lipozyme TL IM, Novozym 435, the Lipozyme RM IM in the described step (2).
7. the method that the high acid value Rice pollard oil of usefulness according to claim 1 is produced triglyceride is characterized in that: alcohol concn is 75～100% in the described step (3), and consumption of ethanol is 0.5～6 times of upper strata grease weight.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN103361387A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-10-23 | 华南理工大学 | Production method for coproducing unsaturated monoglyceride by using diglyceride enzyme method |
| CN104178531A (en) * | 2014-08-23 | 2014-12-03 | 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 | Method for producing functional grease containing rich phytosterin ester from high-acid-value vegetable oil |
| CN104738217A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2015-07-01 | 丰益(上海)生物技术研发中心有限公司 | Rice oil with high content of oryzanol and/or total sterol |
| CN104774686A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-07-15 | 武汉轻工大学 | Enzyme-method esterification deacidification technology for rice bran oil with high acid value |
| CN105463034A (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2016-04-06 | 丰益(上海)生物技术研发中心有限公司 | Diacylglycerol-rich grease preparation method |
| CN109666709A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-23 | 广东药科大学 | A method of diglyceride is prepared by raw material of high-acid value grease |
| CN110438175A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-11-12 | 东北农业大学 | A kind of method that light phase rice bran oil and conjugated linoleic acid transesterification after freezing separation prepare functional grease |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103361387A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-10-23 | 华南理工大学 | Production method for coproducing unsaturated monoglyceride by using diglyceride enzyme method |
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| CN105463034A (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2016-04-06 | 丰益(上海)生物技术研发中心有限公司 | Diacylglycerol-rich grease preparation method |
| CN104178531A (en) * | 2014-08-23 | 2014-12-03 | 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 | Method for producing functional grease containing rich phytosterin ester from high-acid-value vegetable oil |
| CN104178531B (en) * | 2014-08-23 | 2017-01-18 | 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 | Method for producing functional grease containing rich phytosterin ester from high-acid-value vegetable oil |
| CN104774686A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-07-15 | 武汉轻工大学 | Enzyme-method esterification deacidification technology for rice bran oil with high acid value |
| CN109666709A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-23 | 广东药科大学 | A method of diglyceride is prepared by raw material of high-acid value grease |
| CN110438175A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-11-12 | 东北农业大学 | A kind of method that light phase rice bran oil and conjugated linoleic acid transesterification after freezing separation prepare functional grease |
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