CN102266873B - Two-stage backward extrusion device and extrusion method for Mg-Gd-Er-Zr alloy - Google Patents
Two-stage backward extrusion device and extrusion method for Mg-Gd-Er-Zr alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN102266873B CN102266873B CN 201110195426 CN201110195426A CN102266873B CN 102266873 B CN102266873 B CN 102266873B CN 201110195426 CN201110195426 CN 201110195426 CN 201110195426 A CN201110195426 A CN 201110195426A CN 102266873 B CN102266873 B CN 102266873B
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- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a two-stage backward extrusion device and an extrusion method for a Mg-Gd-Er-Zr alloy, belonging to the field of metal materials. The device comprises a pedestal, an extrusion deformation cavity, an extrusion ejection tube, an extrusion gasket and a two-stage extrusion deformation mechanism. The extrusion deformation cavity is disposed in a groove in a centre of the pedestal. The circular extrusion gasket is placed on the pedestal in the extrusion deformation cavity. A first-stage deformation device is a circular ring disposed on a deformation material in the extrusion deformation cavity. A secondary-stage extrusion material accommodating storehouse is a circular tube disposed at the circular ring side of the first-stage deformation device. A secondary-stage deformation device is a circular ring disposed on the circular tube of the secondary-stage extrusion material accommodating storehouse. The extrusion ejection tube is a circular tube disposed on the secondary-stage deformation device. The extrusion method for the Mg-Gd-Er-Zr alloy comprises the step of heating the two-stage backward extrusion device filled with the material and the material together to 380 DEG C. The backward extrusion method is used. A high-performance magnesium alloy bar with the micron-stage super small crystalline grain is obtained by the utilization of the two-stage backward extrusion device and the extrusion method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of twin-stage backward extrusion devices and methods therefor, be particularly useful for the Mg-Gd-Er-Zr alloy, belong to metal material field.
Background technology
Properties of Magnesium Alloy is good, and has many performances that are better than other common metal materials, as high specific strength, high specific stiffness, good damping capacity, good thermal conductivity and electric conductivity, good dimensional stability, electromagnetic wave shielding be easy to the characteristics such as recovery.In recent years, along with energy-conservation and enhancing environmental consciousness, the range of application of magnesium alloy constantly enlarges, except aviation and automobile industry field, all be widely used in electronic product, electric tool, household electrical appliance, medical treatment, sports apparatus and leisure goods, be described as " green engineering material of 21 century ".
Rare earth element has the effect of its uniqueness owing to having unique configuration of extra-nuclear electron in metallurgy, Material Field.It can improve alloy structure, raising Alloy At Room Temperature and mechanical behavior under high temperature, enhancing alloy corrosion resistance etc.In the magnesium alloy field, the purification of rare earth element, strengthen performance and constantly be familiar with by people and grasp, develop a series of magnesium alloys that contain rare earth, they have the distinctive performance such as high-strength, heat-resisting, anti-corrosion, can expand the application of magnesium alloy.
Can obtain comparing the more excellent magnesium alloy materials of casting attitude by extrusion process, but due to rare earth magnesium alloy material, particularly contain the magnesium alloy materials of Gd, deformability is relatively poor, needs higher temperature, and is difficult to realize the distortion of larger extrusion ratio.Therefore in distortion, the reply of dynamic recrystallization owing to easily occuring in the material material, and the crystallite dimension that obtains often in the 20um left and right, has limited this type of alloy property and further promoted.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiency of existing magnesium-rare earth extrusion process, a kind of twin-stage backward extrusion devices and methods therefor has been proposed, especially be suitable for the Mg-Gd-Er-Zr alloy, it is for the characteristics of Mg-Gd-Er-Zr alloy, extrusion die by particular design, adopt the method for reverse extrusion, and according to specific extrusion process condition, prepare the high-performance magnesium-alloy bar with micron order crystallite dimension.
Twin-stage backward extrusion device of the present invention, specifically comprise: pedestal (1), crimp die cavity (2), extruding top cylinder (3), extruding pad (4) and twin-stage crimp mechanism, wherein twin-stage crimp mechanism is the core component of this mould, it comprises 3 partial devices, first is 1: 5 one-level deformation device (6-1) of extrusion ratio, second portion is that the secondary extrded material is taken storehouse (6-2) in, and third part is 1: 10 secondary deformation device (6-3) of extrusion ratio; The pedestal center is a circular groove, and the crimp die cavity is a drum, and the crimp die cavity is placed in groove; Pad (4) is circular extruding pad, is placed on the pedestal (2) in the crimp die cavity; One-level deformation device (6-1) is an annulus, its external diameter area of a circle is 5: 1 with endoporus area of a circle ratio, be placed on crimp die cavity (2) internal strain material, it is a drum that the secondary extrded material is taken storehouse (6-2) in, be placed on the anchor ring of one-level deformation device (6-1), secondary deformation device (6-3) is placed on the secondary extrded material and takes on the drum of storehouse (6-2), and the secondary deformation device is an annulus, and its external diameter area of a circle is 10: 1 with endoporus area of a circle ratio; Be extruding top cylinder (3) on the anchor ring of secondary deformation device, pushing the top cylinder is a drum, and itself and crimp die cavity are without matching relationship.in the backward extrusion process, the twin-stage backward extrusion device that assembles is put into groove corresponding to vertical extrusion machine base, then act on the top of columnar extruding top cylinder (3) with the liftout attachment of extruder, in the liftout attachment of extruder moves downward process, drive extruding top cylinder (3), secondary deformation device (6-3), the secondary extrded material takes storehouse (6-2) in and one-level deformation device (6-1) device moves downward, number simultaneously 2 the device in deformable material successively via one-level deformation device (6-1), the secondary extrded material takes storehouse (6-2) in and secondary deformation device (6-3) moves upward, obtain at last magnesium alloy rod.
The crimp die cavity is placed in base recess, and its fit clearance is 1; The fit clearance of pad and crimp die cavity is less than 1mm; The device of twin-stage crimp mechanism and the fit clearance of crimp die cavity are all less than 1mm.The height that the secondary extrded material is taken the storehouse in be crimp die cavity internal diameter 3-5 doubly, preferred 4 times.
A kind of twin-stage backward extrusion device of the present invention is used for the pressing method of Mg-Gd-Er-Zr alloy, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps: with the crimp die cavity pedestal of packing into, then circle is pushed pad and put into the crimp die cavity, the cylindrical material ingot of distortion is put into the crimp die cavity, then take one-level deformation device, secondary extrded material in storehouse and the secondary deformation device is successively put into the crimp die cavity, at last columnar extruding top cylinder is put on the secondary deformation device of crimp die cavity; Above-mentioned twin-stage backward extrusion device and the material that material is housed is heated to 380 ℃ together, adopt the backward extrusion method, in process, the direction of motion of material is opposite with the direction of extrusion, under the effect of backward extrusion device, be respectively the machining deformation of 1: 5 and 1: 10 through twice pressurization ratio, finally obtain the magnesium alloy rod that extrusion ratio reaches 1: 50.
In the present invention, utilize the method for two little large extrusion ratio products to realize not improving under the prerequisite of extrusion temperature, the distortion of the large extrusion ratio of magnesium-rare earth has overcome magnesium-rare earth and has been difficult to the shortcoming of moulding because extrusion ratio is too high.Utilize simultaneously for the determined extrusion process condition of Mg-Gd-Er-Zr alloy research, the dynamic recrystallization of alloy is fully controlled, obtained having the high-performance magnesium-alloy bar of micron-sized extra small crystal grain.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the twin-stage indirect-extrusion mould schematic diagram that relates in the present invention
Wherein 1 is pedestal, and 2 is columnar crimp die cavity, and 3 is that cylinder is pushed up in columnar extruding, and 4 is circular extruding pad, and 5 is deformable material, and 6-1 is the one-level deformation device, and 6-2 is that cylindrical shape secondary extrded material is taken the storehouse in, and 6-3 is the secondary deformation device;
Fig. 2 is that in embodiment 1, the Mg-8Gd-2Er-0.4Zr alloy adopts the present invention to obtain the metallograph of bar;
Fig. 3 is that in embodiment 2, the Mg-11Gd-2Er-0.4Zr alloy adopts the present invention to obtain the metallograph of bar.
Specific embodiment
The present invention makes further description by following specific embodiment to technical scheme of the present invention.
twin-stage indirect-extrusion mould schematic diagram is seen Fig. 1, wherein number 1 and be pedestal, its center is a circular groove, numbering 2 is columnar crimp die cavity, numbering 3 is that cylinder is pushed up in columnar extruding, numbering 4 is circular extruding pad, numbering 5 is deformable material, numbering 6-1 is 1: 5 one-level deformation device of extrusion ratio, its external diameter area of a circle is 5: 1 with endoporus area of a circle ratio, numbering 6-2 is that cylindrical shape secondary extrded material is taken the storehouse in, numbering 6-3 is 1: 10 secondary deformation device of extrusion ratio, its external diameter area of a circle is 10: 1 with endoporus area of a circle ratio, the order that its assembling is used is, at first, with pack into the pedestal of numbering 1 of numbering 2 crimp die cavity, its fit clearance is 1mm, then will number 4 circle extruding pad and put into the crimp die cavity of numbering 2, the fit clearance of itself and crimp die cavity is less than 1mm, then the cylindrical material ingot of distortion is put into the crimp die cavity of numbering 2, then will number the one-level deformation device of 6-1, the secondary deformation device that the secondary extrded material of numbering 6-2 is taken storehouse (highly for crimp die cavity internal diameter 4 times) in and numbered 6-3 is successively put into the crimp die cavity, the fit clearance of all deformation devices and crimp die cavity is less than 1mm, to number at last 3 columnar extruding top cylinder and put into the crimp die cavity, itself and crimp die cavity are without matching relationship.In the backward extrusion process, the mould that assembles is put into groove corresponding to vertical extrusion machine base, then act on the top of the columnar extruding top cylinder of numbering 3 with the liftout attachment of extruder, in the liftout attachment of extruder moves downward process, driving No. 3, No. 6-3, No. 6-2 and No. 6-1 must move downward by device, the deformable material of numbering simultaneously in 2 devices moves upward via No. 6-1, No. 6-2 and No. 6-3 device successively, obtains at last magnesium alloy rod;
1. tested alloys is Mg-8Gd-2Er-0.4Zr, and its alloying component (calculating by weight percentage) is: Gd=8.1%, and Er=1.9%, Zr=0.4%, Mg are surplus;
2. will be heated to together 380 ℃;
3. material and mould are placed on backward extrusion equipment and push;
4. the alloy bar material that obtains is quenched in 80 ℃ of warm water.
The alloy structure such as the accompanying drawing that obtain are shown in Figure 2, and visible crystallite dimension is in 2um left and right, alloy property after extruding, tensile strength sigma
bBe 340MPa, yield strength σ
0.2Be 222MPa, elongation after fracture δ is 12.5%.
The device that the present embodiment uses is with embodiment 1.
1. tested alloys is Mg-11Gd-2Er-0.4Zr, and its alloying component (calculating by weight percentage) is: Gd=10.6%, and Er=2.1%, Zr=0.4%, Mg are surplus;
The twin-stage indirect-extrusion mould that 2. alloy material will be housed is heated to 380 ℃ together;
3. material and mould are placed on backward extrusion equipment and push;
4. the alloy bar material that obtains is quenched in 80 ℃ of warm water.
5. the alloy structure such as the accompanying drawing that obtain are shown in Figure 3, and visible crystallite dimension is in the 2um left and right.Alloy property after extruding, tensile strength sigma
bBe 380MPa, yield strength σ
0.2Be 278MPa, elongation after fracture δ is 7.2%.
Claims (5)
1. twin-stage backward extrusion device, it is characterized in that, comprise: pedestal (1), crimp die cavity (2), extruding top cylinder (3), extruding pad (4) and twin-stage crimp mechanism, wherein twin-stage crimp mechanism comprises 3 partial devices, first is extrusion ratio 1:5 one-level deformation device (6-1), and second portion is that the secondary extrded material is taken storehouse (6-2) in, and third part is extrusion ratio 1:10 secondary deformation device (6-3); The pedestal center is a circular groove, and the crimp die cavity is a drum, and the crimp die cavity is placed in groove; Pad (4) is circular extruding pad, is placed on the pedestal (2) in the crimp die cavity; One-level deformation device (6-1) is an annulus, its external diameter area of a circle is 5:1 with endoporus area of a circle ratio, be placed on crimp die cavity (2) internal strain material, it is a drum that the secondary extrded material is taken storehouse (6-2) in, be placed on the anchor ring of one-level deformation device (6-1), secondary deformation device (6-3) is placed on the secondary extrded material and takes on the drum of storehouse (6-2), and the secondary deformation device is an annulus, and its external diameter area of a circle is 10:1 with endoporus area of a circle ratio; Be extruding top cylinder (3) on the anchor ring of secondary deformation device, pushing the top cylinder is a drum.
2. according to a kind of twin-stage backward extrusion device of claim 1, it is characterized in that, the crimp die cavity is placed in base recess, and its fit clearance is 1mm; The fit clearance of pad and crimp die cavity is less than 1mm; The device of twin-stage crimp mechanism and the fit clearance of crimp die cavity are all less than 1mm.
3. according to a kind of twin-stage backward extrusion device of claim 1, it is characterized in that, the height that the secondary extrded material is taken the storehouse in be crimp die cavity internal diameter 3-5 doubly.
4. according to a kind of twin-stage backward extrusion device of claim 2, it is characterized in that, the height that the secondary extrded material is taken the storehouse in is 4 times of crimp die cavity internal diameter.
5. any one twin-stage backward extrusion device of claim 1-4 is used for the pressing method of Mg-Gd-Er-Zr alloy, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps: with the crimp die cavity pedestal of packing into, then circle is pushed pad and put into the crimp die cavity, the cylindrical material ingot of distortion is put into the crimp die cavity, then take one-level deformation device, secondary extrded material in storehouse and the secondary deformation device is successively put into the crimp die cavity, will push at last the top cylinder and put on the secondary deformation device of crimp die cavity; Above-mentioned twin-stage backward extrusion device and the material that material is housed is heated to 380 ℃ together, adopt the backward extrusion method, in process, the direction of motion of material is opposite with the direction of extrusion, under the effect of backward extrusion device, than the machining deformation that is respectively 1:5 and 1:10, finally obtain the Mg-Gd-Er-Zr alloy that extrusion ratio reaches 1:50 through twice pressurization.
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| CN104858254B (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2017-02-15 | 苏州昆仑重型装备制造有限公司 | 35CrMo steel thick-walled tube vertical backward extrusion method, and extrusion die thereof |
| CN105970130B (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2018-02-16 | 东北大学 | A kind of method that alternately backward extrusion prepares fine grain magnesium alloy |
| CN107999551A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-05-08 | 江苏沣沅医疗器械有限公司 | Magnesium alloy profiles and preparation method and application |
| CN109622650A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-04-16 | 陕西宏远航空锻造有限责任公司 | A kind of anti-extrusion method of the high-strength technique forging of GH4169 alloy dish axle integration |
| CN111172481B (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2021-12-31 | 北京工业大学 | Two-stage continuous extrusion preparation method for improving yield strength of Mg-Zn-Er alloy |
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| CN101332476B (en) * | 2008-08-01 | 2010-06-02 | 河南科技大学 | Precise extrusion molding method of thin wall long-pipe shaped parts bland and special mould |
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