CN102260812B - There is the mg-based material of ray and neutron comprehensive shielding effect - Google Patents
There is the mg-based material of ray and neutron comprehensive shielding effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN102260812B CN102260812B CN201110188443.4A CN201110188443A CN102260812B CN 102260812 B CN102260812 B CN 102260812B CN 201110188443 A CN201110188443 A CN 201110188443A CN 102260812 B CN102260812 B CN 102260812B
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- QXUAMGWCVYZOLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boride(3-) Chemical compound [B-3] QXUAMGWCVYZOLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical class [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 abstract description 13
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene (PE) Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000002285 radioactive Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007546 Brinell hardness test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking Effects 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002915 spent fuel radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001256 stainless steel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention belongs to the magnesio shielding material with X, gamma-rays and neutron comprehensive shielding effect, particularly lightweight, the shielding material of multiple shield effectiveness.Consisting of of shielding material: matrix is magnesium base alloy MgPbAl (Pb 20%～45%, Al 5%～20%, surplus is Mg, mass percent), and boron or boride are neutron absorber.The component proportion of shielding material is: the mass percent of magnesium base alloy is between 90%～99.7%, and the mass percent of boron or boride is between 0.3%～10%.Compared to tradition mg-based material, Pb/B4C and lead-boron polythene composite material, the boracic of the present invention or the magnesio shielding material of boride not only have shielding X, gamma-rays and the neutron comprehensive shielding effect of excellence, and its tensile strength and Brinell hardness are far above existing Pb B polyethylene and Pb B4C composite shielding material.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to magnesio shielding material and the preparation thereof with X, gamma-rays and neutron comprehensive shielding effect
Method, particularly lightweight, the shielding material of multiple shield effectiveness and preparation method.
Background technology
Along with being on the rise of global greenhouse effect, its application of nuclear energy as clean clean energy resource is more and more subject to
To paying attention to.Owing to nuclear reactor can discharge the harmful ray of a large amount of heap human body and neutron irradiation, should adopt by these needs
With shielding material, nuclear reactor is shielded, therefore there is opening of multiple ray and neutron comprehensive shielding material
Send out the important topic in always nuclear safety field.
Existing X, gamma-rays and neutron comprehensive shielding material mainly have lead-boron polythene, B4C/Pb composite,
Leaded boron concrete and boronated stainless steel.In lead-boron polythene composite material, owing to polyethylene belongs to high score
Sub-material, softening temperature is 130 DEG C, causes mechanical strength and the poor heat resistance of lead-boron polythene composite material,
Its tensile strength is about 10MPa, and Brinell hardness is only 3～4, seriously constrains its application；B4C/Pb is combined
Material is by Pb-X (X=Sb, Sn, Ag, Au, Cr etc.) alloy and B4C reinforcement is by powder metallurgy or molten
Type casting moulding method is composited, can be as absorbing neutron, blocking X, gamma-ray material, but intensity and plasticity are relatively
Low, its tensile strength is 48.2MPa, and Brinell hardness is 22.13, causes it can not make separately as structural material
With, and be difficult to prepare large-sized composite；Leaded boron weight concrete is big, and mobility is poor,
Complicated component；Boronated stainless steel is more superior than ferrum to the shielding properties of gamma-rays and neutron, but owing to Boron contents is on the low side,
Neutron-absorbing effect is undesirable, it has to increases the thickness of boronated stainless steel, causes shielding harness gross weight to increase
Add, and improve Boron contents and ductility and the impact resistance of boronated stainless steel alloy are adversely affected, limit
Boronated stainless steel is used as spent fuel storage and the structural material of transporting equipment, additionally, the chromium in rustless steel,
Nickel, the element such as manganese, postactivated by neutron irradiation, personnel must be limited after reactor shutdown close.
Despite various rays and neutron comprehensive shielding material, but all it be unable to do without boron and lead two basic element.
Boron has the characteristic of superior shielding neutron.Lead is the strongest to X, β, gamma-ray absorption and scattering,
Can mask once with secondary gamma-rays, also will not become second time radioactive source.The two combines is optimal
Shielding Materials for Nuclear Radiation.And magnesium alloy has a following superiority: lightweight, rigidity is higher, ability of absorbing vibration is good
Good, electromagnetic wave insulating properties is good, thermal diffusivity is good, corrosion resistance is good, texture is splendid, recyclable.Therefore,
Utilize magnesium to develop have multiple shield effect, light weight with the combination of the alloying elements such as lead, aluminum, boron
Etc. X, gamma-rays and the neutron comprehensive shielding material of feature, improve mechanical property and the shielding properties of shielding material,
It is not only the important subject in nuclear safety field, is the most also to promote the applicable important leverage of core.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of magnesium with ray and neutron comprehensive shielding effect
Sill and preparation method thereof, using magnesium as matrix, plays the effect of binding agent, by lead, boron with Physical Metallurgy
In conjunction with mode be combined into composite, and utilize aluminum to improve the corrosion resistance of material.
The technical scheme is that shielding material of technical problem solving the present invention is closed by MgPbAl magnesio
Gold and boron or boride composition.
Described shielding material composition constituent mass percentage ratio is that boron or boride 0.3%～10%, remaining is magnesium
Base alloy.
In described MgPbAl magnesium base alloy the mass percent of each component be Pb 20%～45%, Al 5%～
20%, surplus is magnesium.
What the present invention was above-mentioned has the preparation technology of the mg-based material of ray and neutron comprehensive shielding effect is: first
Prepare MgPbAl magnesium base alloy, finally add boron or boride, make each constituent element fully react, to obtain
Must organize fine and closely woven, the magnesio shielding material with ray and neutron comprehensive shielding effect being well combined.Preparation
During, should ensure that each constituent element fully reacts.
Owing to boron, the physics of lead two element and chemical property exist greatest differences, boron-lead belongs to difficult miscible conjunction
Gold system, is difficult to be uniformly distributed in lead boron or boride.First lead is combined prepares with magnesium, aluminum
MgPbAl magnesium base alloy, then add boron or boride, utilize Mg, Al and boron or the mutual compatibility of boride,
Realize lead, the homogenizing of boron, it is thus achieved that MgPbAl-boron or boride magnesio ray/neutron shielding material.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: by element M g, Al and boron or the addition of boride, utilize Mg,
Al and boron or the mutual compatibility of boride, while improving mechanical property, it is thus achieved that MgPbAl-boron or boronation
Thing magnesio ray/neutron shielding material, its tensile strength and hardness number are much higher than Pb-B4C composite
And lead-boron polythene, respectively reaching 295MPa and 146HBS, elongation percentage is 10.21%.Have simultaneously X,
Gamma-rays and neutron comprehensive shielding effect, thickness be the MgPbAl-boron of 20mm or boride magnesio ray/in
The X-ray shield rate that energy is 65KeV, 118KeV and 250KeV is respectively reached by sub-shielding material
97.95%, 99.19% and 89.48%, efficiently solve energy " weak suction of Pb between 40～88KeV
Receive district " problem；Be 47.37% to gamma-ray shielding rate (137Cs source) and 31.97% (60Co source)；The screen of neutron
The rate of covering is up to 90.18%；In the case of the more existing shielding material of Pb and B content is low, unit mass
MgPbAl-boron or boride magnesio ray/neutron shield composite shield effectiveness are better than Pb/B4C composite wood
Material and boronated stainless steel, and suitable with lead-boron polythene.Realize MgPbAl-boron or boride magnesio ray/in
The function of shielding of sub-shielding material-mechanical structure integration.Shield facility is realized while improving shielding properties
Simplification and lightweight.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the microstructure scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of MgPbAl-boron magnesio ray/neutron shielding material of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the microstructure scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of MgPbAl-boride magnesio ray/neutron shielding material of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1: in smelting furnace add mass percent be the Mg of 49%, the Pb of 44.1% and 4.9
The Al of %, then add the boron of 2.0%.MgPbAl magnesium base alloy mass percent in the most whole shielding material
It is 98%；B is 2%；In MgPbAl alloy, each composition constituent mass percentage ratio is: Mg 50%, Pb 45%,
Al 5%.Stirring 2～5min, makes each constituent element fully react generation.Casting is prepared as high intensity MgPbAl-boron
Magnesio ray/neutron shielding material.Test effect is as follows:
1. Microstructure characteristics: after specimen surface processes (polishing → polishing → corrosion), employing is swept
Retouch the Microstructure characteristics of Electronic Speculum (model is XL30ESEM-TMP) observation analysis sample, as shown in Figure 1.
Test shows: alloy structure is evenly distributed, and the interface bonding state of each phase is good.
2. tensile strength test: be prepared as test sample rod and carry out tensile strength survey on stretching mechanical testing machine
Examination, test result shows: the tensile strength of MgPbAl-boron magnesio ray/neutron shielding material reaches 295MPa,
It is Pb/B4C composite and 6～30 times of lead-boron polythene, be shown in Table 1.Elongation percentage is 7.35%.
3. Brinell hardness test: measure the Brinell hardness of shielding material on HB-3000 type Brinell hardness tester,
Test result shows: the Brinell hardness of MgPbAl-boron magnesio ray/neutron shielding material is 146, is Pb/B4C
Composite and 6～35 times of lead-boron polythene, be shown in Table 1.
4. shielding properties test: utilizing MG452 type x-ray system to carry out X-ray shield performance detection, X penetrates
Heat input is respectively 65keV, 118keV and 250keV.Gamma-rays irradiation dose standard set-up is utilized to carry out gamma-rays screen
Covering the test of performance, radioactive source is137Cs (ray energy 661KeV) and60Co (ray energy 1.25MeV).In
Sub-screening experiment uses PTW-UNIDOS ion-chamber standard dose instrument and Am-Be neutron source slowing down experiment dress
Put detection.Table 2 show MgPbAl-boron magnesio ray/neutron shielding material to energy be 65KeV, 118KeV and
The X-ray shield rate of 250KeV respectively reaches 97.95%, 99.19% and 89.48%, efficiently solves energy
" the weak absorbing district of Pb " problem between 40～88KeV；Be 47.37% to gamma-ray shielding rate (137Cs source)
With 31.97% (60Co source)；The shielding rate of neutron reaches 90.18%.Table 3 illustrates, in the more existing shielding of Pb and B content
In the case of material is low, the MgPbAl-boron magnesio ray/neutron shielding material shield effectiveness of unit mass is better than
Pure lead and Pb/B4C composite, and suitable with lead-boron polythene.
Embodiment 2: in smelting furnace add mass percent be the Mg of 54%, the Pb of 18% and 18%
Al, then add the boride of 10%.MgPbAl magnesium base alloy mass percent in the most whole shielding material
It is 90%；Boride is 10%；In MgPbAl alloy, each composition constituent mass percentage ratio is: Mg 60%,
Pb 20%, Al 20%.Stirring 2～5min, makes each constituent element fully react generation.Casting is prepared as high intensity
MgPbAl-boride magnesio ray/neutron shielding material.Test effect is as follows:
1. Microstructure characteristics: after specimen surface processes (polishing → polishing → corrosion), employing is swept
Retouch the Microstructure characteristics of Electronic Speculum (model is XL30ESEM-TMP) observation analysis sample, as shown in Figure 1.
Test shows: alloy structure is evenly distributed, and the interface bonding state of each phase is good.
2. tensile strength test: be prepared as test sample rod and carry out tensile strength survey on stretching mechanical testing machine
Examination, test result shows: the tensile strength of MgPbAl-boride magnesio ray/neutron shielding material reaches
282MPa, is shown in Table 1.Elongation percentage is 10.21%.
3. Brinell hardness test: measure the Brinell hardness of shielding material on HB-3000 type Brinell hardness tester,
Test result shows: the Brinell hardness of MgPbAl-boride magnesio ray/neutron shielding material is 140, sees
Table 1.
4. shielding properties test: utilizing MG452 type x-ray system to carry out X-ray shield performance detection, X penetrates
Heat input is respectively 65keV, 118keV and 250keV.Gamma-rays irradiation dose standard set-up is utilized to carry out gamma-rays screen
Covering the test of performance, radioactive source is137Cs (ray energy 661KeV) and60Co (ray energy 1.25MeV).In
Sub-screening experiment uses PTW-UNIDOS ion-chamber standard dose instrument and Am-Be neutron source slowing down experiment dress
Put detection.Table 2 show MgPbAl-boride magnesio ray/neutron shielding material to energy be 65KeV,
The X-ray shield rate of 118KeV and 250KeV respectively reaches 77.92%, 79.18% and 68.45%；To gamma-rays
Shielding rate be 36.81% (137Cs source) and 21.51% (60Co source)；The shielding rate of neutron reaches 96.78%.Table 3 illustrates,
In the case of the more existing shielding material of Pb and B content is low, the MgPbAl-boride magnesio ray of unit mass
/ neutron shielding material shield effectiveness is excellent.
Table 1 is that the tensile strength of shielding material of the present invention contrasts table with Brinell hardness.
Table 1
| Title material | Tensile strength (MPa) | Brinell hardness | Elongation percentage (%) |
| MgPbAl-boron shielding material | 295 | 146 | 7.35 |
| MgPbAl-boride shielding material | 282 | 143 | 10.21 |
| Pure Pb | 10～20 | 4～9 | - |
| Pb-B polyethylene | 10 | 3～4 | - |
| Pb/B4C composite | 48.2 | 22.13 | - |
Table 2 be thickness be the shielding properties table of the shielding material of the present invention of 20mm.
Table 2
Table 3 is shielding material of the present invention and pure lead, the Pb/B of same thickness4C composite and lead-boron polythene screen
Cover performance comparison table.
Table 3
Claims (1)
1. there is a mg-based material for ray and neutron comprehensive shielding effect, it is characterized in that: shielding material is made up of with boron or boride MgPbAl magnesium base alloy；Described shielding material composition constituent mass percentage ratio is that boron or boride 0.3%～10%, remaining is magnesium base alloy；In described MgPbAl magnesium base alloy the mass percent of each component be Pb 20%～45%, Al 5%～20%, surplus be magnesium.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110188443.4A CN102260812B (en) | 2011-07-06 | There is the mg-based material of ray and neutron comprehensive shielding effect |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110188443.4A CN102260812B (en) | 2011-07-06 | There is the mg-based material of ray and neutron comprehensive shielding effect |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102260812A CN102260812A (en) | 2011-11-30 |
| CN102260812B true CN102260812B (en) | 2016-11-30 |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1654711A (en) * | 2003-04-02 | 2005-08-17 | 赵全玺 | Metal member coated by anode sheath |
| CN101476057A (en) * | 2009-01-05 | 2009-07-08 | 昆明理工大学 | High strength lead alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1654711A (en) * | 2003-04-02 | 2005-08-17 | 赵全玺 | Metal member coated by anode sheath |
| CN101476057A (en) * | 2009-01-05 | 2009-07-08 | 昆明理工大学 | High strength lead alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
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Granted publication date: 20161130 Termination date: 20170706 |