CN101476057A - High strength lead alloy and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
High strength lead alloy and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101476057A CN101476057A CNA200910094011XA CN200910094011A CN101476057A CN 101476057 A CN101476057 A CN 101476057A CN A200910094011X A CNA200910094011X A CN A200910094011XA CN 200910094011 A CN200910094011 A CN 200910094011A CN 101476057 A CN101476057 A CN 101476057A
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- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 27
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007546 Brinell hardness test Methods 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000863032 Trieres Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000712 Boron steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001245 Sb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003471 anti-radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention belonging to a nuclear screening composite material for nuclear energy development and a preparation technique thereof provides a high-strength lead alloy and a method for preparing the same.The method comprises steps of melting the second group component metal, adding metallic lead, stirring for performing reaction in-situ, and then the second group component metal and the blue lead generating an intermetallic compound combined by hybrid bonds of metallic bond and covalent bond. The strength of lead alloy is greatly improved by using the intermetallic compound generated by the reaction of lead and the second group component metal and using the excellent high-strength character of the intermetallic compound. The ultrahigh strength lead alloy prepared by using the technology possesses enough mechanics bearing capacity at the same time of maintaining excellent gamma-ray and X-beam shielding character, and thus the material has a shielding function/structure integrated character, and it is hopeful to further improved the combination property of nuclear screening materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the invention belongs to used shielding lead alloy material of nucleus screening facility and preparation method thereof, particularly the shielding material preparation method of intensity height, light weight.
Background technology
Along with progress of science and technology, the nuclear energy Application Areas enlarges day by day, and is also more and more high to the requirement of shielding material, as the composite type shielding material of anti-multiple ray; Have light weight, intensity height, the multi-functional shielding material of little, the capable of being combined welded structure type of volume.
But in existing shielding material, weight concrete is heavy, and mobility is poor, and complicated component.
Plumbous the strongest to gamma-ray absorption and scattering, can mask once and the secondary gamma-rays, lead can not become radioactive source for the second time yet.Simultaneously, lead has high solidity to corrosion, can resist the oxidation of air and the corrosion of acid, and fusing point low (327.4 ℃) at high temperature (more than 260 ℃) creep takes place down, and the fusing cast easily.But plumbous theoretical recrystallization temperature is lower than normal temperature, and lead also produces when deforming at normal temperatures and replys and recrystallize.Traditional intensifying technology such as solution strengthening, processing strain hardening inapplicable to lead and alloy thereof, can not make it reach the intensity of straight carbon steel.
Though lead-boron polythene has the certain shielding neutron and the net effect of ray.But polyethylene belongs to polymer substance, and fusing point only is 130 ℃, thereby causes the mechanical strength of this matrix material and thermotolerance all very poor, and its tensile strength has only about 10MPa usually, and Brinell hardness only is 3～4HBS also, has seriously restricted its application; Boron steel is the absorbing material of neutron, but the interpolation of boron has adverse influence to the ductility and the impact resistance of alloy; B
4The C/Pb matrix material is with Pb-Sb alloy and B
4The direct hot pressing of C is composited, though can be used as intercept neutrons, block gamma-ray material, intensity and plasticity are lower, and its tensile strength is 48.2MPa, and Brinell hardness is 22.13HBS, is difficult to prepare large-sized matrix material; B
4The C/Al matrix material can be used as the absorbing material of thermal neutron, but can not block gamma-rays, influences its shield effectiveness, and has B
4C homogenizing and it combine problem with the interface of aluminum substrate.Therefore, develop multi-functional, lightweight, high-strength anti-radiation shield material, improve the mechanical property and the resistance toheat of shielding material, be not only the important research direction in nuclear industry field, simultaneously also be to promote the nuclear industry development, set up energy-conservation, cleaning, socioeconomic sign efficiently.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of high-strength lead alloy and preparation method thereof, makes the specific tenacity of lead alloy higher, rigidity is bigger, processing is more cheap, manufacturing cost is lower.
Solving the technical scheme that technical problem of the present invention adopts is: be made up of metallic lead and the intermetallic compound that the second constituent element metal reaction that can carry out reaction in it is generated, the chemical bond of intermetallic compound is that metallic bond closes with the bond of mixing of covalent linkage, and the second constituent element melting point metal is higher than lead.The second constituent element metal adopts Ba, Ca, Li, Mg, Pd, Pt and Dy, La, Y, Gd rare earth element, and the shared weight percent of the second constituent element metal is 20%～40%, and all the other are lead metal.The second constituent element metal adopts one or more in Ba, Ca, Li, Mg, Pd, Pt and Dy, La, Y, the Gd rare earth element.The Al that accounts for gross weight 5%～10% or 1%～5% B element in described intermetallic compound, have also been added.
The preparation technology of the high strength low melting-temperature alloy that the present invention is above-mentioned is:
Earlier, add metallic lead again, under agitation carry out reaction in, make metallic lead and the generation of the second constituent element metal mix key bonded intermetallic compound with metallic bond and covalent linkage with the second constituent element melting of metal.
The described second constituent element metal adopts Ba, Ca, Li, Mg, Pd, Pt and Dy, La, Y, Gd rare earth element, and the shared weight percent of the second constituent element metal is 20%～40%, all the other are lead metal, the speed of two kinds of metal stirrings is 60 rev/mins～120 rev/mins, churning time 1min～2min.
In above-mentioned process of carrying out reaction in, the metallic lead and the second constituent element metal leave standstill 1.5min～2min, and adopt the method for bottom casting to cast after under agitation reaction in is finished.
In order to improve the plasticity of this high strength low melting-temperature alloy, in stirring the intermetallic compound that generates, added the Al that accounts for gross weight 5%～10% or 1%～5% B element, and carried out hot extrusion and handle watering foundry goods.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: by the adding of second constituent element, adopt in-situ reaction, utilize the intermetallic compound of the strong bonding of mutual solubility between it and metallic lead and generation, obtain the alloy structure that is evenly distributed, promoted the intensity and the hardness of alloy.Its tensile strength and hardness number are much higher than traditional lead and alloy thereof, reach 228MPa and 156HB respectively.Realize that lead alloy function of shielding-mechanical structure is integrated.When improving shielding properties, realize the simplification and the lightweight of shield facility, to movable type nuclear heap shielding harness implementation structure simplification, quantification in light weight, the combination variation, and make it highly reliable, high stable, height moves very important safely; Has reality and important meaning in the powerful hitting power and the peaceful strategic deterrence power of large-scale weapons such as raising ship manoeuvre aspect of performances, particularly submarine in wartime; To promoting the military capability of the country of China, improve peripheral international environment, better support the domestic economy construction, the international influence that improves China will produce far-reachingly and influence; Comprehensive utilization also has great economy to be worth to exploitation nuclear energy; In addition, to the human peaceful utilization of atomic energy, improving people's living standard also has significance.Not only there are big application prospect in excellent property, cost shielding/structure-integrated lead alloy material moderate, technical maturity, and also can obtain widely-used at aspects such as medical source of radiation protection, petroleum prospectings in fields such as nuclear power facility and nuke rubbish storings.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 are the microtexture sem photograph of high strength low melting-temperature alloy of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: adopt in-situ reaction, the Al that in induction furnace, adds the second constituent element metal such as 50% lead, 40% Ba, Ca, Li, Mg, Pd, Pt or Dy, La, Y, Gd and 10%, addition sequence is: add the second higher constituent element metal of fusing point earlier, after treating its fusing, add low-melting lead again.Stir 1-2min, make magnesium and plumbous fully reaction generate rich plumbous intermetallic compound, leave standstill 2min, adopt the method for bottom casting to cast, finally be prepared into the superstrength lead alloy material.And make test sample to carry out the test analysis of mechanical property and heterogeneous microstructure.The test effect is as follows:
1. tensile strength test: be prepared into the test sample rod and carry out the tensile strength test on the stretching mechanical trier, test result shows: the tensile strength of superstrength lead alloy reaches 228MPa, is more than 10～15 times of traditional lead and lead alloy.
2. Brinell hardness test: the Brinell hardness of the alloy of measuring on HB-3000 type Brinell tester, test result shows: the Brinell hardness of superstrength lead alloy is 156HB, is more than 10 times of traditional lead and lead alloy.
3. Microstructure characteristics: after specimen surface is handled (polishing → polishing → corrosion), the Microstructure characteristics of employing scanning electron microscope (model is XL30ESEM-TMP) observation analysis sample, as shown in Figure 1.Test shows: alloy structure is evenly distributed, and each interface bonding state of forming between the phase is good.
Embodiment 2: adopt in-situ reaction, the Al that in induction furnace, adds the second constituent element metal such as 55% lead, 40% Ba, Ca, Li, Mg, Pd, Pt or Dy, La, Y, Gd and 5%, addition sequence is: add the second higher constituent element metal of fusing point earlier, after treating its fusing, add low-melting lead again.Stir 1-2min, make magnesium and plumbous fully reaction generate rich plumbous intermetallic compound, leave standstill 2min, adopt the method for bottom casting to cast, finally be prepared into the superstrength lead alloy material.And make test sample to carry out the test analysis of mechanical property and heterogeneous microstructure.The test effect is as follows:
1. tensile strength test: be prepared into the test sample rod and carry out the tensile strength test on the stretching mechanical trier, test result shows: the tensile strength of superstrength lead alloy reaches 154MPa, is more than 7 times of traditional lead and lead alloy.
2. Brinell hardness test: the Brinell hardness of the alloy of measuring on HB-3000 type Brinell tester, test result shows: the Brinell hardness of superstrength lead alloy is 117HB, is traditional lead and lead alloy about 8 times.
3. Microstructure characteristics: after specimen surface is handled (polishing → polishing → corrosion), the Microstructure characteristics of employing scanning electron microscope (model is XL30ESEM-TMP) observation analysis sample, as shown in Figure 2.Test shows: alloy structure is evenly distributed, and each interface bonding state of forming between the phase is good.
Embodiment 3: adopt in-situ reaction, in induction furnace, add the second constituent element metals such as 60% lead, 40% Ba, Ca, Li, Mg, Pd, Pt or Dy, La, Y, Gd, addition sequence is: add earlier the second higher constituent element metal of fusing point, treat its fusing after, add low-melting lead again.Stir 1-2min, make magnesium and plumbous fully reaction generate rich plumbous intermetallic compound, leave standstill 2min, adopt the method for bottom casting to cast, finally be prepared into the superstrength lead alloy material.And make test sample to carry out the test analysis of mechanical property and heterogeneous microstructure.The test effect is as follows:
1. tensile strength test: be prepared into the test sample rod and carry out the tensile strength test on the stretching mechanical trier, test result shows: the tensile strength of superstrength lead alloy reaches 103MPa, is traditional lead and lead alloy about 5 times.
2. Brinell hardness test: the Brinell hardness of the alloy of measuring on HB-3000 type Brinell tester, test result shows: the Brinell hardness of superstrength lead alloy is 71HB, is more than 6 times of traditional lead and lead alloy.
3. Microstructure characteristics: after specimen surface is handled (polishing → polishing → corrosion), the Microstructure characteristics of employing scanning electron microscope (model is XL30ESEM-TMP) observation analysis sample, as shown in Figure 3.Test shows: alloy structure is evenly distributed, and each interface bonding state of forming between the phase is good.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of high strength lead alloy, it is characterized in that: form by metallic lead and the intermetallic compound that the second constituent element metal reaction that can carry out reaction in it is generated, the chemical bond of intermetallic compound is that metallic bond closes with the bond of mixing of covalent linkage, and the second constituent element melting point metal is higher than lead.
2, by the described high strength lead alloy of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the second constituent element metal adopts Ba, Ca, Li, Mg, Pd, Pt and Dy, La, Y, Gd rare earth element, and the shared weight percent of the second constituent element metal is 20%～40%, and all the other are lead metal.
3, by the described high strength lead alloy of claim 2, it is characterized in that: the second constituent element metal is one or more in Ba, Ca, Li, Mg, Pd, Pt and Dy, La, Y, the Gd rare earth element.
4, by the described high strength lead alloy of claim 3, it is characterized in that: in described intermetallic compound, also added the Al that accounts for gross weight 5%～10% or 1%～5% B element.
5, the preparation method of the described high strength lead alloy of a kind of claim 1, it is characterized in that: earlier with the second constituent element melting of metal, add metallic lead again, under agitation carry out reaction in, metallic lead and the second constituent element metal are generated mix key bonded intermetallic compound with metallic bond and covalent linkage.
6, press the preparation method of the described high strength lead alloy of claim 5, it is characterized in that: the second constituent element metal adopts Ba, Ca, Li, Mg, Pd, Pt and Dy, La, Y, Gd rare earth element, and the shared weight percent of the second constituent element metal is 20%～40%, all the other are lead metal, the speed of two kinds of metal stirrings is 60 rev/mins～120 rev/mins, churning time 1min～2min.
7, by the preparation method of the described high strength lead alloy of claim 6, it is characterized in that: metallic lead and the second constituent element metal leave standstill 1.5min～2min, and the method that adopts the bottom to cast are cast after under agitation reaction in is finished.
8, by the preparation method of the described high strength lead alloy of claim 7, it is characterized in that: in stirring the intermetallic compound that generates, added the Al that accounts for gross weight 5%～10% or 1%～5% B element, and carried out hot extrusion and handle watering foundry goods.
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| CN200910094011XA CN101476057B (en) | 2009-01-05 | 2009-01-05 | High strength lead alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN200910094011XA CN101476057B (en) | 2009-01-05 | 2009-01-05 | High strength lead alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN101476057B CN101476057B (en) | 2011-05-04 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102260812A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2011-11-30 | 昆明理工大学 | Magnesium-based material with comprehensive rays and neutron shielding effect |
| CN102260813A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2011-11-30 | 昆明理工大学 | High-strength plumbum-based material with ray and neutron comprehensive shielding effect |
| CN102268582A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2011-12-07 | 昆明理工大学 | Alumina-based material with comprehensive shielding effect of rays and neutrons |
| CN105838918A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-08-10 | 季建国 | Alloy material used for manufacturing X-ray security inspection machine shell and preparing method of alloy material |
| CN105950908A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-09-21 | 季建国 | Mold manufacturing material and preparation method thereof |
| CN102260812B (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2016-11-30 | 昆明理工大学 | There is the mg-based material of ray and neutron comprehensive shielding effect |
| CN115786751A (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2023-03-14 | 重庆天齐锂业有限责任公司 | Lithium magnesium silicon alloy smelting method |
-
2009
- 2009-01-05 CN CN200910094011XA patent/CN101476057B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102260812A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2011-11-30 | 昆明理工大学 | Magnesium-based material with comprehensive rays and neutron shielding effect |
| CN102260813A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2011-11-30 | 昆明理工大学 | High-strength plumbum-based material with ray and neutron comprehensive shielding effect |
| CN102268582A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2011-12-07 | 昆明理工大学 | Alumina-based material with comprehensive shielding effect of rays and neutrons |
| CN102268582B (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2016-11-23 | 昆明理工大学 | There is the alumina-base material of ray and neutron comprehensive shielding effect |
| CN102260812B (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2016-11-30 | 昆明理工大学 | There is the mg-based material of ray and neutron comprehensive shielding effect |
| CN105838918A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-08-10 | 季建国 | Alloy material used for manufacturing X-ray security inspection machine shell and preparing method of alloy material |
| CN105950908A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-09-21 | 季建国 | Mold manufacturing material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105838918B (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2018-07-24 | 泰州市梦之谷科技发展有限公司 | A kind of alloy material and preparation method thereof for manufacturing X-ray screening machine shell |
| CN115786751A (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2023-03-14 | 重庆天齐锂业有限责任公司 | Lithium magnesium silicon alloy smelting method |
| CN115786751B (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2024-01-19 | 重庆天齐锂业有限责任公司 | Smelting method of lithium-magnesium-silicon alloy |
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| CN101476057B (en) | 2011-05-04 |
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