CN103137228A - Flexible composite material capable of shielding nuclear radiation - Google Patents
Flexible composite material capable of shielding nuclear radiation Download PDFInfo
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- CN103137228A CN103137228A CN2013100703430A CN201310070343A CN103137228A CN 103137228 A CN103137228 A CN 103137228A CN 2013100703430 A CN2013100703430 A CN 2013100703430A CN 201310070343 A CN201310070343 A CN 201310070343A CN 103137228 A CN103137228 A CN 103137228A
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Abstract
Disclosed is a flexible composite material capable of shielding nuclear radiation. The flexible composite material mainly comprises lead fiber cloth, nuclear-radiation resistant powder and high-polymer material. The lead fiber cloth and the nuclear-radiation resistant powder can be reinforcing materials of composite and nuclear-radiation resistant function materials. The base material is the high-polymer material and has a certain function of nuclear radiation resistance. The flexible composite material is prepared by steps: A, the lead fiber cloth is treated by coupling agent in advance so as to reduce surface tension, and compatibility of the high-polymer material is improved; B, the nuclear-radiation resistant powder is uniformly mixed with the coupling agent firstly and is dispersed into the high-polymer material through high-speed stirring; and C, the lead fiber cloth treated and the high-polymer material dispersed with the nuclear radiation resistant powder are manufactured into a lead fiber based high-polymer composite material through composite forming, demoulding and maintaining. The flexible composite material capable of shielding nuclear radiation has the advantages of excellent nuclear radiation resistance, good mechanical performance, stability and flexibility, foldability, bendability, light weight and low cost and can be widely applied to protection of the field of nuclear radiation.
Description
1. technical field
The present invention relates to the flexible composite of a kind of energy shielded nucleus radiation.
2. background technology
Now, nuclear energy has been widely used in industry, agricultural, medical science, military affairs etc., as: fresh-keeping breeding, material modification, nondestructive examination, on-line measurement, X-ray, CT examination, radiotherapy chemotherapy, γ cutter, archaeology and criminal investigation etc., particularly in recent years in world wide to the demand of new forms of energy, Nuclear Power Development has become trend of the times, for this reason, China has issued " national nuclear power Long-and Medium-term Development planning (2005-2020) " in October, 2007, indicate that China's nuclear power developing has entered the new stage.But nuclear energy is also a double-edged sword, and on April 26th, 1986, the most serious nuclear leakage accident on mankind's history occurs in Soviet Union Chernobyl Plant, has caused after this 100,000 people's death and 270,000 people to suffer from cancered calamity.On March 12nd, 2011 caused Fukushima county's the first and second nuclear power station generation nuclear leakages because the special violent earthquake of 9.0 grades of Richter scales occurs, and a large amount of radiomaterials are discharged, and elegant with the wind, and environmental and human health impacts has been produced very big harm.The radiomaterial of nuclear radiation is launched with ripple or particulate form, and it divides α, β, three kinds of forms of radiation of γ.The α radiation is as long as just can block with a piece of paper, but in suction body, harm is large; The β radiation is high-velocity electrons, and it is obvious that skin is stained with rear burn; The γ radiation is similar with X ray, can penetrate human body and buildings, and damage effect distance is far away.The penetrable certain distance of γ radiation is absorbed by organism, makes personnel be subject to the external radiation injury.The radioactive material mass-energy that nuclear explosion or nuclear accident are leaked causes injures and deaths to personnel on a large scale.Radiomaterial can suck by breathing, skin wound and alimentary canal absorb and enter in body, cause interior radiation, interior external radiation will cause people's fatigue, giddy, insomnia, rubefaction, ulcer, hemorrhage, alopecia, leukaemia, vomiting, diarrhoea etc., sometimes also can increase cancer, distortion, heredity pathology incidence, affect several generations' health.Generally, the emittance that health is accepted is more, and its radiation sickness symptom is more serious, carcinogenic, the teratogenesis risk is larger.
At present the goods such as flint glass, organic glass and rubber are generally adopted in the shielding of low energy X ray.Special loaded concrete is as shielding material commonly used, consisted of by inserts such as mixing iron ore, barite, cast iron, boron in cement, because wherein containing heavy element iron and light element water of crystallization hydrogen, therefore neutron and gamma-rays are had stronger receptivity, this shielding material formula reactor that often is fixed adopts.In Shielding Materials for Nuclear Radiation, heavy metal is all that effective gamma-rays weakens body as lead, iron, nickel etc., and fast neutron is also had good slowing down effect.To the weakening or absorb more effectively of neutron, these materials and compound substance thereof have been widely used in various nuclear reactor shielding harness and have brought into play considerable effect for boron, graphite, rich hydrogen compound such as water, heavy water and macromolecular material.As Shielding Materials for Nuclear Radiation, metallic lead has excellent radiation resistance, stainless steel and iron are also the shielding materials of widely applying, in addition, metal also has good physical and mechanical property as Shielding Materials for Nuclear Radiation, as high strength and good toughness, the alloy material that particularly adds boron element to form well has comprehensive shielded performance to neutron and gamma-rays.But these metals often occur with the sheet material form, but heaviness, rigidity, difficult forming, the drawbacks limit such as certain toxicity, price height have been arranged its scope of application; Concrete has immovability; The boron steel shield effectiveness is not ideal; The PVC-PE compound substance has flexibility, the advantage such as cheap, but shield effectiveness is not ideal and mechanical property, anti-radiation performance etc. are difficult to take into account.Aluminium one boron carbide composite shielding material, density is low, and hardness is high, intensity is high, and good toughness can be used as nuclear screening Material Filling reactor sealing storehouse, and but flexible poor, range of application is wideless.Tygon is hydrocarbon, hydrogen content is high, and fast neutron is had the good ability that weakens, and boron absorbs thermal neutron, plumbous effective especially to gamma-emitting shielding, in 20 century 70 mid-terms, make matrix with tygon, with boron carbide powder and lead powder equably disperse therein, the lead-boron polythene plate that forms by high-speed stirred, kneading, plasticizing, lamination, it is a kind of novel composite shielding material, flexible, good stability of the dimension has the satisfied radiance of anti-γ.The Japanology personnel sneak into 3 kinds of additives such as 10% tungsten, bismuth, bismuth oxide and have obtained rubber composite shielding material in neoprene, have the characteristics such as thin, light, and the radiation-screening effect is better.But this rubber composite shielding material is the same with composite shielding materials with lead boron polythene material, and the particle dispersion of plumbous boron inorganics wherein has the gap to exist between particle, and many radiant rays will pass compound substance, cause the nuclear radiation shield effect undesirable.
along with further developing of Application of Nuclear Technology, radiation protection requires more and more higher to the comprehensive physicochemical property of shielding material, tradition, single shielding material has been difficult to satisfy all requirement of shelter, in when, particularly nuclear accident occuring, radiation for radioactive source shielding, prevent the further diffusion of radiomaterial, for security context is created in emergency first aid, according to radiation proof characteristics and various emergency requirement, need especially some pads with nuclear radiation shield performance or blanket that the scene is hidden, the application flexibility shielding material reaches emergent nuclear radiation protection constantly at ordinary times, be necessary.
3. summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve the problem that present Shielding Materials for Nuclear Radiation performance, range of application can not be taken into account, satisfy requirement of shelter as much as possible.The inventive method concrete technology is described below:
(1) preparation of reinforcing material.
A. choose plumbous fiber cloth, remove surface dirt, more plumbous fiber cloth is soaked in the liquid coupling agent 1-7 days, then take out plumbous fiber cloth dry from the liquid coupling agent.Standby.
B. quantitatively take boron carbide powder, lead powder, tungsten powder etc., mix; Add the liquid coupling agent in mixed process, reduce surface tension.
(2) particle-matrix material and Antiradiation powder is compound.Above-mentioned process is processed boron carbide powder, lead powder, tungsten powder etc. passed through the high-speed stirred even dispersion in macromolecular material.
(3) plumbous fibre reinforced materials and macromolecule matrix material is compound.
Above-mentioned plumbous fibre reinforced materials and disperse are had the macromolecule matrix Material cladding moulding of Antiradiation powder, the demoulding, maintenance, detection are checked and accepted.
Characteristics of the present invention:
(1) technical scheme is terse
Technical scheme of the present invention is succinctly practical.
(2) good quality of product.
Flexible core radiation shield compound substance of the present invention has significant shield effectiveness to α, β, γ and X ray, and good mechanical performance is light, soft, can be widely used in the protection of various nuclear radiation.
(3) process safety is reliable.
Each technique of the present invention is carried out optimal design on the basis of experiment comprehensively, process safety is reliable, is suitable for large-scale production.
(4) remarkable in economical benefits has a extensive future
Flexible core radiation shield compound substance of the present invention has that production cost is low, and production equipment is easy, small investment, and remarkable in economical benefits has wide range of applications, and has bright prospects.
4. description of drawings:
Figure of description is process chart of the present invention.
5. embodiment
Embodiment 1
Choose the plumbous fiber cloth of a 0.5m * 0.5m, remove surface dirt, be soaked in the liquid coupling agent 2 days, then plumbous fiber cloth is taken out dryly from the liquid coupling agent, form plumbous fibre reinforced materials.Take 0.3 kilogram of boron carbide powder, lead powder, tungsten powder in 1: 2: 1 ratio again, mix, add simultaneously 0.03 kilogram of coupling agent of liquid, stop after 1h.Above-mentioned boron carbide powder, lead powder, tungsten powder are mixed with 2 kilograms of liquid chloroprene base-materials, and high-speed stirred 0.5h forms the macromolecule matrix material that disperse has the Antiradiation powder, then adds 0.1 kilogram of adjuvant and crosslinking chemical and high-speed stirred 0.1h; With above-mentioned plumbous fibre reinforced materials, the composite molding of macromolecule matrix material use hand formulating method, the demoulding, maintenance make plumbous fiber reinforced rubber base compound nucleus radiation shielding material.
Embodiment 2
Choose the plumbous fiber cloth of a 0.5m * 0.5m, remove surface dirt, be soaked in the liquid coupling agent 5 days, then plumbous fiber cloth is taken out dryly from the liquid coupling agent, form plumbous fibre reinforced materials.Take 0.3 kilogram, boron carbide powder, lead powder in 1: 1 ratio again, mix, add simultaneously 0.03 kilogram of coupling agent of liquid, stop after 1h.With above-mentioned boron carbide powder, lead powder, mix with 2 kilograms of molten state tygon, high-speed stirred 0.5h forms the macromolecule matrix material that disperse has the Antiradiation powder, then adds 0.1 kilogram of adjuvant and high-speed stirred 0.1h; With above-mentioned plumbous fibre reinforced materials, the composite molding of macromolecule matrix material use hand formulating method, the demoulding, maintenance make plumbous fiber reinforcement polyvinyl compound nucleus radiation shielding material.
Embodiment 3
Choose the plumbous fiber cloth of two each 0.5m * 0.5m, remove surface dirt, be soaked in the liquid coupling agent 3 days, then plumbous fiber cloth is taken out dryly from the liquid coupling agent, form plumbous fibre reinforced materials.Take 0.3 kilogram of boron carbide powder, lead powder, tungsten powder in 1: 1 ratio again, mix, add simultaneously 0.03 kilogram of coupling agent of liquid, stop after 1h.Above-mentioned boron carbide powder, lead powder are mixed with 2 kilograms of liquid styrene-butadiene rubber, and high-speed stirred 0.5h forms the macromolecule matrix material that disperse has the Antiradiation powder, then adds 0.1 kilogram of adjuvant and crosslinking chemical and high-speed stirred 0.1h; With above-mentioned plumbous fibre reinforced materials, the composite molding of macromolecule matrix material use laminating method, the demoulding, maintenance make plumbous fiber reinforced rubber base compound nucleus radiation shielding material.
Claims (7)
1. the flexible composite of energy shielded nucleus radiation, it is characterized in that: this flexible composite mainly is comprised of plumbous fiber cloth, Antiradiation powder, macromolecular material, is sheet.
According to claim 1 a kind of can shielded nucleus the flexible composite of radiation, it is characterized in that: plumbous fiber cloth and Antiradiation powder are the reinforcing material of compound substance, are again the functional materials of Antiradiation, in compound substance, plumbous fiber cloth is the 1-4 layer.
According to claim 1 a kind of can shielded nucleus the flexible composite of radiation, it is characterized in that: described matrix material is one or several in the macromolecular materials such as rubber, tygon, Polyvinylchloride, polypropylene, polyester, and matrix material also has certain Antiradiation function.
According to claim 1 a kind of can shielded nucleus the flexible composite of radiation, it is characterized in that: described Antiradiation powder has the powder of Antiradiation functional mass for lead, boride etc., powder quality accounts for the 5-30% of gross mass.
5. plumbous fiber cloth according to claim 2 and Antiradiation powder are the reinforcing material of compound substance and the functional material of Antiradiation, it is characterized in that: plumbous fiber cloth and Antiradiation powder all needed to carry out surface treatment with coupling agent before compound, to reduce surface tension.
According to claim 1 a kind of can shielded nucleus the flexible composite of radiation, it is characterized in that: compound substance is flexible, and is collapsible, crooked, lighter weight.
According to claim 1 a kind of can shielded nucleus the flexible composite of radiation, it is characterized in that: the compound substance composite molding mainly contains hand pasting forming method, the sandwich construction method of forming etc.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103762002A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-04-30 | 南通通洋机电制造有限公司 | Anti-radiation shield plate used for space station |
| CN106782723A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-05-31 | 益阳金宙建材科技有限公司 | A kind of anti-radiation mortar for isolating nuclear leakage |
| CN106808691A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-06-09 | 清华大学天津高端装备研究院 | The preparation system and preparation method of a kind of Medical Radiation protective gear |
| CN107603117A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2018-01-19 | 广州飞胜高分子材料有限公司 | A kind of 3D printing composite for shielding nuclear radiation and preparation method and application |
| CN108511096A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-09-07 | 广州新莱福磁电有限公司 | A kind of lightweight radiation protection material |
| CN109535504A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-03-29 | 镇江华核装备有限公司 | A kind of irradiation station shielding material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109762321A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-05-17 | 青岛科凯达橡塑有限公司 | A kind of anti-nuclear radiation composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN111009332A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-14 | 北航（四川）西部国际创新港科技有限公司 | Nuclear radiation shielding structure and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN112519348A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-19 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Continuous monofilament boron fiber reinforced boron-containing polyethylene composite material with radiation protection function and preparation method thereof |
| CN115975310A (en) * | 2023-01-17 | 2023-04-18 | 长沙原子高科医药有限公司 | Flexible protective material and preparation method and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103762002A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-04-30 | 南通通洋机电制造有限公司 | Anti-radiation shield plate used for space station |
| CN106782723A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-05-31 | 益阳金宙建材科技有限公司 | A kind of anti-radiation mortar for isolating nuclear leakage |
| CN106782723B (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2018-06-01 | 益阳金宙建材科技有限公司 | A kind of anti-radiation mortar for being used to isolate nuclear leakage |
| CN106808691B (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2023-08-22 | 清华大学天津高端装备研究院 | Preparation system and preparation method of medical radiation protection equipment |
| CN106808691A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-06-09 | 清华大学天津高端装备研究院 | The preparation system and preparation method of a kind of Medical Radiation protective gear |
| CN107603117A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2018-01-19 | 广州飞胜高分子材料有限公司 | A kind of 3D printing composite for shielding nuclear radiation and preparation method and application |
| CN108511096A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-09-07 | 广州新莱福磁电有限公司 | A kind of lightweight radiation protection material |
| CN109535504A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-03-29 | 镇江华核装备有限公司 | A kind of irradiation station shielding material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109762321B (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2021-09-07 | 青岛科凯达橡塑有限公司 | Preparation method of nuclear radiation prevention composite material |
| CN109762321A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-05-17 | 青岛科凯达橡塑有限公司 | A kind of anti-nuclear radiation composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN111009332A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-14 | 北航（四川）西部国际创新港科技有限公司 | Nuclear radiation shielding structure and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN112519348A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-19 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Continuous monofilament boron fiber reinforced boron-containing polyethylene composite material with radiation protection function and preparation method thereof |
| CN115975310A (en) * | 2023-01-17 | 2023-04-18 | 长沙原子高科医药有限公司 | Flexible protective material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115975310B (en) * | 2023-01-17 | 2024-04-26 | 长沙原子高科医药有限公司 | Flexible protective material and preparation method and application thereof |
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