CN102259699B - Microcontroller-based ship diesel main engine assisted jet control device - Google Patents
Microcontroller-based ship diesel main engine assisted jet control device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102259699B CN102259699B CN 201110136603 CN201110136603A CN102259699B CN 102259699 B CN102259699 B CN 102259699B CN 201110136603 CN201110136603 CN 201110136603 CN 201110136603 A CN201110136603 A CN 201110136603A CN 102259699 B CN102259699 B CN 102259699B
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Abstract
The invention provides a microcontroller-based ship diesel main engine assisted jet control device. The device comprises a reduction gear box, a main engine remote control device, an electronic speed controller, a controller, an assisted jet electromagnetic valve and compressed air. The output ends of the reduction gear box, the main engine remote control device and the electronic speed controller are respectively electrically connected to the input end of the controller; the output end of the controller is electrically connected to the assisted jet electromagnetic valve; the assisted jet electromagnetic valve is mounted on an air supplement pipe of the diesel main engine; and the air supplement pipe is connected to a volute at an air compressor end of a turbocharger. After the assisted jet electromagnetic valve is electrified to act, the compressed air flows to an air compressor impeller via the air supplement pipe so as to increase the air capacity and accelerate the turbocharger; in such way, the inlet manifold of the diesel engine obtains the needed pressurized air pressure, and the assisted jet of the ship diesel main engine is realized. The control device provided by the invention monitors the rotation speed of the diesel engine, the starting air pressure, the scavenging pressure and the load of the diesel engine real time, and has the advantages that the assisted jet effect is good, the combustion situation of a combustion room can be improved, the exhaust pipe pollutions of the diesel engine are reduced and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the controller field, particularly a kind of marine diesel main frame help the spray controller, it belongs to the shipbuilding technical field based on microcontroller.
Background technology
In recent decades, the supercharging technology development that is widely used in big-and-middle-sized diesel engine, especially exhaust turbine pressuring technology peculiar to vessel leads to a leap the raising of diesel engine performance.But along with the further application of supercharging technology, the transient response performance of supercharged diesel engine and the emission problem of diesel engine become increasingly conspicuous.For example the pressurized effect of centrifugal supercharging blower is unsatisfactory when the load impact, because when the load impact, governor can have very fast increase to the main frame delivery quality through PID computing output control signal, but at this moment charge-air pressure has little time to change, often cause the few phenomenon of oily many gas, thereby cause a series of problems such as the serious and main frame over-emitting black exhaust of combustion chambers burn imperfection, carbon deposit.Not only make main frame cylinder operation environment variation, and cause environmental pollution.Therefore, help spray technique to arise at the historic moment, helping spray technique is that pressurized air is introduced in the blower, and blower speed is accelerated, thereby scavenging pressure is increased.Help spray not only can improve the delay of supercharged diesel engine turbocharger, also can improve engine performance.
In the prior art, MAN B﹠amp; W company has designed the Lambda controller.When the load of diesel engine increases suddenly, be installed in Hall element on the total bar of throttle and will rise and contact with the piston rod of Lambda controller, this signal triggering helps the spray electromagnetic valve to establish by cable and opens.The big load of diesel engine that the Lambda controller is mainly used in diesel powerplant helps spray, because there is not the row's of closing phenomenon in generating diesel engine, so the Lambda controller is not distinguished the big load of the big load of the row of closing and generation in service when designing.And diesel main engine power is big, operating mode is complicated, so Lambda controller and be not suitable for the spray control of helping of marine diesel main frame; The Lambda controller adopts the mechanical structure design, and complexity is installed, and the adjustment in the use is safeguarded also very loaded down with trivial details.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is: provide a kind of marine diesel main frame based on microcontroller to help the spray control setup, to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art.
The present invention solves its technical matters and adopts following technical scheme:
Marine diesel main frame based on microcontroller provided by the invention helps the spray control setup, and it comprises reducing gearbox, main engine remote control device, electronic governor, controller, helps spray electromagnetic valve, pressurized air.Wherein: described reducing gearbox, main engine remote control device and electronic governor, its mouth are electrically connected with the input end of controller respectively; The mouth of controller is electrically connected with helping the spray electromagnetic valve, and this helps the spray electromagnetic valve to be installed on the diesel engine blowdown pipe; The diesel engine blowdown pipe is connected on the spiral case of air compressor end of turbocharger, and after helping the spray electromagnetic valve to get electronic work, pressurized air just flows into blower impeller by the diesel engine blowdown pipe, thereby increases air containment and blwr is accelerated.Like this, the diesel engine intake house steward can obtain required charge-air pressure, finishes the marine diesel main frame helped the spray function.
Described controller comprises CPU, electric current/galvanic separation, analog quantity load module, switching input module, switching value output module and relay, wherein: described switching input module, its input end is electrically connected with main engine remote control device, gear case, the nearly switch of diesel main engine flywheel termination, and its mouth is connected with CPU input end bus; Described analog quantity load module, its input end is electrically connected with main engine remote control device, electronic governor, two mouth directly is electrically connected with the CPU input end, another mouth be electrically connected with the CPU input end again after electric current/the galvanic separation input end is electrically connected; The mouth of CPU is connected with switching value output module input end bus, and switching value output module mouth is electrically connected with relay.
Described switching input module input end can be gathered following switching value signal: be installed on the high-speed pulse signal near switch on the diesel main engine flywheel, diesel main engine just/reversing closes row signal, reducing gearbox just/reversing oil pressure feedback signal.
Described analog quantity load module input end can be gathered the analog signals of following diesel main engine: starting air pressure signal, scavenging pressure signal, load signal.
Described switching value output module can have been exported double switch amount signal, is respectively that control helps the spray electromagnetic valve and helps spray to open the working signal of indicator lamp.
The PID of the described electronic governor output signal of adjusting is as the diesel load signal.
Above-mentioned marine diesel main frame based on microcontroller provided by the invention helps the spray control setup, be applicable to the marine powerplant system of irreversible diesel main engine band reducing gearbox, in this device use, it monitors diesel main engine rotating speed, starting air pressure, scavenging pressure and diesel load in real time.If overload (acute variation) is carried out tonifying Qi to diesel engine.
When starting air pressure greater than the technique initialization value, scavenging pressure is less than the technique initialization value, when the diesel main engine rotating speed helped the spray necessary condition greater than these three kinds of technique initialization values, if satisfy in following arbitrary, this helped the spray controller to discharge immediately and helps the spray function:
When (1) diesel main engine starts, open immediately and help the spray control setup:
During the diesel main engine starting, help the spray control setup to judge the ignition rotating speed that whether reaches diesel main engine according to the rotating speed that calculates, if controller is opened immediately and helped the spray electromagnetic valve, make pressurized air enter the diesel engine blowdown pipe, realize that starting helps spray; After 8 seconds, help the spray control setup to close;
(2) there is big load to produce in the navigation, opens immediately and help the spray control setup:
Diesel main engine just/the reversing row of closing after, delay time 20 seconds, help and spray control setup and enter big load monitoring; Surpass 20% if the load signal of electronic governor increased in 1 second, judge that then output has big load to produce, controller is opened immediately and is helped the spray electromagnetic valve, to the tonifying Qi of diesel engine blowdown pipe; After 8 seconds, help the spray control setup to close;
(3) diesel main engine just/reversing is during the row of closing, delayed start-up helps the spray control setup:
Diesel main engine just/reversing is during the row of closing, controller according to the main engine remote control device just/the reversing row of closing command signal, logic operation was also delayed time 2.5 seconds, output command is opened and is helped the spray electromagnetic valve, pressurized air enters the diesel engine intake house steward, realizes that diesel main engine closes to arrange to help spray; After 8 seconds, help the spray control setup to close.
The technique initialization value of above-mentioned starting air pressure, scavenging pressure and diesel main engine rotating speed is respectively 15bar, 1bar, 200rpm.
The present invention compared with prior art has following major advantage:
One. help the spray effect good:
Distinguishing gear case closes row and produces that the operating mode acute variation produces these the two kinds different master modes of loading greatly in big load and the navigation.When gear case closes row, if help spray by the detection load unlatching, certainly will cause temporal hysteresis, and this device be collect the main engine remote control device just/(consideration main engine remote control device is just sending/is moveing backward and closing row signal and need convert the gas signal to the gear case Pneumatic valve reversing row of closing command signal by certain time-delay, convert hydraulic pressure again to and carry out the intrinsic time of signal), unlatching helps spray, can overcome aforesaid hysteresis, has obviously improved the tonifying Qi effect.And delay time can be adjusted, and helps spray function performance optimum efficiency to adapt to the propulsion system of different boats and ships, to make, and visual smoke evacuation minimizing reaches more than 50%.
They are two years old. can improve the combustion chambers burn situation:
Unlatching helps spray when moment, load increased suddenly, can improve the combustion chambers burn situation, reduces visual smoke evacuation more than 40%, and makes tonifying Qi an amount of on time.It is load signal that tradition helps spray control to gather rack displacement, the hysteresis of certain hour is arranged, namely postpone to helping the spray repair air to open to open the regular hour from the load impact, though can partly improve diesel engine over-emitting black exhaust situation, the combustion chambers burn situation is partly improved, but lag effect can make the situation that occurs of short duration weak breath in the cylinder of diesel engine, still has visual smoke evacuation to a certain degree, incomplete combustion.The present invention gathers electronic governor and is load signal through PID computing output (namely send to electro-hydraulic actuator and open the large throttle signal), and the big load of this signal indicating produces.Gather this signal and can revise the lag effect that collection displacement pickup feedback signal is brought, make and help spray promptly and accurately to open.
They are three years old. and can reduce Diesel Engine Exhaust Pipe and pollute.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the marine diesel main frame that the present invention is based on microcontroller helps the constructional drawing that sprays control setup.
Fig. 2 is the constructional drawing of controller.
Fig. 3 is that starting helps the spray logical diagram.
Fig. 4 is that the big load of impact helps the spray logical diagram.
Fig. 5 is that positive car closes row and helps the spray logical diagram.
Fig. 6 is that the reversing row of closing helps the spray logical diagram.
Among the figure: 1. help the spray electromagnetic valve; 2. diesel main engine blowdown pipe; 3. screw propeller; 4. stern tube shaft; 5. bent axle; 6. the nearly switch of diesel engine flywheel termination; 7. switching input module; 8. analog quantity load module; 9. switching value output module; 10. electric current/galvanic separation.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, but be not limited to following described content.
Marine diesel main frame based on microcontroller provided by the invention helps the spray control setup, its structure as shown in Figure 1: comprise reducing gearbox, main engine remote control device, electronic governor, controller, help the spray electromagnetic valve, pressurized air and diesel engine blowdown pipe.Wherein: described reducing gearbox, main engine remote control device and electronic governor, its mouth are electrically connected with the input end of controller respectively.The mouth of controller is electrically connected with helping spray electromagnetic valve 1, and this electromagnetic valve is installed on the diesel engine blowdown pipe 2.Diesel engine blowdown pipe 2 and turbocharger mechanical connection, be in the spiral case of the diesel engine blowdown pipe air compressor that is connected turbocharger, after helping spray electromagnetic valve 1 to get electronic work, pressurized air will enter in the spiral case of air compressor and flows to blower impeller by diesel engine blowdown pipe 2, increase air containment and blwr is accelerated, finish the marine diesel main frame helped the spray function.
Described main engine remote control device is the control system of the present start-stop of remote control boats and ships diesel main engine, commutation and the acceleration and deceleration of using, and it comprises five major parts of remote operation platform, microcontroller, speed measuring device, safety guard and actuating unit.Described reducing gearbox is the diesel main engine that uses at present and the mechanical reduction coupling device of 4 on screw propeller 3, stern tube shaft, also is the actuating unit of boats and ships ahead and astern commutation navigation, and namely the main engine remote control device sends commutation and instructs, and is carried out by reducing gearbox.Among Fig. 1, numbering 5 and 6 is respectively bent axle, the nearly switch of diesel engine flywheel termination.
Described electronic governor is the actuating unit of the present control diesel main engine rotating speed that uses, be that the main engine remote control device calculates output acceleration (deceleration) instruction to electronic governor according to bridge control handle information and current diesel main engine mode of operation program, electronic governor is regulated accelerator open degree makes stabilization of speed on setting value, simultaneously it also has the diesel main engine load controlling function, guarantees diesel main engine overload operation not under any operating mode.This electronic governor mainly is made up of microcontroller, rotating speed pick-up and rotating speed unit controls power supply etc.
Described controller is core of the present invention, its structure as shown in Figure 2: comprise CPU, switching input module 7, analog quantity load module 8, switching value output module 9, electric current/galvanic separation 10, relay.Wherein: the switching input module input end is gathered the switching value signal, it is respectively the high-speed pulse signal, just/move backward and close row signal, just/reversing oil pressure feedback signal, the switching input module mouth is connected with CPU input end bus, analog quantity load module input end is gathered analog signals, it is respectively the starting air pressure signal, the scavenging pressure signal, load signal, two mouths of analog quantity load module directly are electrically connected with the CPU input end, its another mouth be electrically connected with the CPU input end again after electric current/the galvanic separation input end is electrically connected, the mouth of CPU is connected with switching value output module input end bus, and switching value output module mouth is electrically connected with relay.
CPU is the AC500-eCo of ABB AB Series P M554, principal parameter: 128kB program's memory space; Carry out the repetition period of an instruction: Binary Zero .1us, word variable 0.3us, floating point operation 6.0us; Carry the input of 8 way switch amounts, the output of 6 way switch amounts; Two serial ports; 4 the tunnel interrupt input (configurable); 2 the tunnel import (configurable) at a high speed; 2 road PWM output.The analog quantity load module adopts the AI561 of ABB AB, and the input of 4 road analog quantitys is arranged, can be configured to 4-20mA, 0-20mA, 0-10V ,-various ways such as 10-10V, resolution is 12.
Marine diesel main frame based on microcontroller provided by the invention helps spray control setup (hereinafter to be referred as helping the spray control setup), can monitor diesel main engine rotating speed (pick up on the diesel engine flywheel and calculate near switching pulse signal), starting air pressure, scavenging pressure and diesel load in real time.Starting air pressure greater than a certain setting value (as 15bar), scavenging pressure less than a certain setting value (as 1bar), diesel main engine rotating speed greater than this three of a certain setting value (as 200rpm) for helping the spray necessary condition, if satisfy following in arbitrary, help the spray function to discharge immediately.
1. when diesel main engine starts, open immediately and help the spray control setup.
During the diesel main engine starting, help the spray control setup to judge the ignition rotating speed that whether reaches diesel main engine according to the rotating speed that calculates, if, open immediately and help spray electromagnetic valve 1, make pressurized air enter diesel engine blowdown pipe 2, realize that starting helps spray.After 8 seconds, help spray to close.Logical diagram such as Fig. 3.
2. there is big load to produce in the navigation, opens immediately and help the spray control setup.
Diesel main engine just/the reversing row of closing after, delay time 20 seconds, help and spray control setup and enter big load monitoring.The load signal of electronic governor increased in 1 second above 20%, judged that then output has big load to produce, and controller is opened immediately and helped the spray electromagnetic valve, to the tonifying Qi of diesel engine blowdown pipe.After 8 seconds, help spray to finish.Logical diagram as shown in Figure 4.
Diesel main engine just/reversing is during the row of closing, delayed start-up helps the spray control setup.
Just/reversing is during the row of closing, controller according to the main engine remote control device just/the reversing row of closing command signal, logic operation was also delayed time 2.5 seconds, output is opened and is helped spray electromagnetic valve 1, pressurized air enters diesel engine blowdown pipe 2, realizes that diesel main engine closes to arrange to help spray.After 8 seconds, help spray to close.Logical diagram such as Fig. 5, shown in Figure 6.
To sum up, in diesel main engine starting, just/when the reversing row of closing and the big load of impact, diesel engine speed regulator PID regulates output can increase accelerator open degree fast, help the spray electromagnetic valve by helping the spray control setup to open, make pressurized air enter the diesel engine blowdown pipe, increase air containment and blwr is accelerated, thereby mend into air on time, in right amount to it when realizing diesel main engine cylinder air deficiency, make the fuel charge of combustion chamber corresponding with amount of air as far as possible, improve combustion efficiency, improve accelerating performance, realize improving the purpose of over-emitting black exhaust, fuel-saving environmental protection.
Claims (8)
1. the marine diesel main frame based on microcontroller helps the spray control setup, it is characterized in that this helps the spray control setup to comprise reducing gearbox, main engine remote control device, electronic governor, controller, helps spray electromagnetic valve, pressurized air,
Wherein: described reducing gearbox, main engine remote control device and electronic governor, its mouth are electrically connected with the input end of controller respectively; The mouth of controller is electrically connected with helping the spray electromagnetic valve, and this helps the spray electromagnetic valve to be installed on the diesel engine blowdown pipe; The diesel engine blowdown pipe is connected on the spiral case of air compressor end of turbocharger, after helping the spray electromagnetic valve to get electronic work, pressurized air just flows to blower impeller by the diesel engine blowdown pipe, thereby increase air containment and blwr is accelerated, like this, the diesel engine intake house steward can obtain required charge-air pressure, finishes the marine diesel main frame helped the spray function;
Described controller comprises CPU, electric current/galvanic separation, analog quantity load module, switching input module, switching value output module and relay, wherein: described switching input module, its input end is electrically connected with main engine remote control device, reducing gearbox, the nearly switch of diesel main engine flywheel termination, and its mouth is connected with CPU input end bus; Described analog quantity load module, its input end is electrically connected with main engine remote control device, electronic governor, wherein two mouths directly are electrically connected with the CPU input end, another mouth be electrically connected with the CPU input end again after electric current/the galvanic separation input end is electrically connected; The mouth of CPU is connected with switching value output module input end bus, and switching value output module mouth is electrically connected with relay.
2. the marine diesel main frame based on microcontroller according to claim 1 helps the spray control setup, it is characterized in that described switching input module input end collection switching value signal, be respectively: be installed on the high-speed pulse signal near switch on the diesel main engine flywheel, diesel main engine just/reversing closes row signal, reducing gearbox just/reversing oil pressure feedback signal.
3. the marine diesel main frame based on microcontroller according to claim 1 helps the spray control setup, the analog signals that it is characterized in that described analog quantity load module input end collection diesel main engine, be respectively: starting air pressure signal, scavenging pressure signal, load signal.
4. the marine diesel main frame based on microcontroller according to claim 1 helps the spray control setup, it is characterized in that described switching value output module output has double switch amount signal, is respectively that control helps the spray electromagnetic valve and helps spray to open the working signal of indicator lamp.
5. the marine diesel main frame based on microcontroller according to claim 1 helps the spray control setup, it is characterized in that described electronic governor output PID signal, but not diesel engine rack displacement signal.
6. help the purposes of spray control setup based on the marine diesel main frame of microcontroller, it is characterized in that the described marine powerplant system that helps the spray control setup to be applicable to irreversible diesel main engine band reducing gearbox of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 5, in this device use, it monitors diesel main engine rotating speed, starting air pressure, scavenging pressure and diesel load in real time; If overload is carried out tonifying Qi to diesel engine.
7. purposes according to claim 6, it is characterized in that working as starting air pressure greater than the technique initialization value, scavenging pressure is less than the technique initialization value, when the diesel main engine rotating speed helps the spray necessary condition greater than these three kinds of technique initialization values, if satisfy arbitrary in following, this helps the spray controller to discharge immediately and helps the spray function:
When (1) diesel main engine starts, open immediately and help the spray control setup:
During the diesel main engine starting, help the spray control setup to judge the ignition rotating speed that whether reaches diesel main engine according to the rotating speed that calculates, if controller is opened immediately and helped the spray electromagnetic valve, make pressurized air enter the diesel engine blowdown pipe, realize that starting helps spray; After 8 seconds, help the spray control setup to close;
(2) there is big load to produce in the navigation, opens immediately and help the spray control setup:
Diesel main engine just/the reversing row of closing after, delay time 20 seconds, help and spray control setup and enter big load monitoring; Surpass 20% if the load signal of electronic governor increased in 1 second, judge that then output has big load to produce, controller is opened immediately and is helped the spray electromagnetic valve, to the tonifying Qi of diesel engine blowdown pipe; After 8 seconds, help the spray control setup to close;
(3) diesel main engine just/reversing is during the row of closing, delayed start-up helps the spray control setup:
Diesel main engine just/reversing is during the row of closing, controller according to the main engine remote control device just/the reversing row of closing command signal, logic operation was also delayed time 2.5 seconds, output command is opened and is helped the spray electromagnetic valve, pressurized air enters the diesel engine blowdown pipe, realizes that diesel main engine closes to arrange to help spray; After 8 seconds, help the spray control setup to close.
8. purposes according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the technique initialization value of starting air pressure, scavenging pressure and diesel main engine rotating speed is respectively 15bar, 1bar, 200rpm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201110136603 CN102259699B (en) | 2011-05-24 | 2011-05-24 | Microcontroller-based ship diesel main engine assisted jet control device |
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| CN 201110136603 CN102259699B (en) | 2011-05-24 | 2011-05-24 | Microcontroller-based ship diesel main engine assisted jet control device |
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| CN102259699B true CN102259699B (en) | 2013-07-17 |
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| CN106837573A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2017-06-13 | 重庆普什机械有限责任公司 | A kind of air-fuel ratio regulation system with parking function |
| CN111120127A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-05-08 | 安庆中船柴油机有限公司 | Marine system and method for reducing black smoke emitted by diesel engine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002180861A (en) * | 2000-12-11 | 2002-06-26 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Small-sized planning boat |
| CN1654801A (en) * | 2005-03-07 | 2005-08-17 | 天津大学 | Device and method for quick gas supply when diesel engine accelerating |
| CN101855438A (en) * | 2007-11-14 | 2010-10-06 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Controller for diesel engine and method of controlling diesel engine |
| CN101915154A (en) * | 2010-07-16 | 2010-12-15 | 常州天大龙成节能环保科技有限公司 | Diesel engine combustion oil gas intelligent control proportioning device |
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2011
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002180861A (en) * | 2000-12-11 | 2002-06-26 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Small-sized planning boat |
| CN1654801A (en) * | 2005-03-07 | 2005-08-17 | 天津大学 | Device and method for quick gas supply when diesel engine accelerating |
| CN101855438A (en) * | 2007-11-14 | 2010-10-06 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Controller for diesel engine and method of controlling diesel engine |
| CN101915154A (en) * | 2010-07-16 | 2010-12-15 | 常州天大龙成节能环保科技有限公司 | Diesel engine combustion oil gas intelligent control proportioning device |
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