CN102255278B - Comprehensive leakage protector - Google Patents
Comprehensive leakage protector Download PDFInfo
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- CN102255278B CN102255278B CN201110183125.9A CN201110183125A CN102255278B CN 102255278 B CN102255278 B CN 102255278B CN 201110183125 A CN201110183125 A CN 201110183125A CN 102255278 B CN102255278 B CN 102255278B
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Abstract
The invention provides a comprehensive leakage protector with a communication function, comprising a zero-sequence current mutual inductor, an A-phase load current mutual inductor, a B-phase load current mutual inductor, a C-phase load current mutual inductor, a voltage divider, a signal conditioning circuit, a singlechip, a switching device, a communication module and a power supply, wherein outputs of the zero-sequence current mutual inductor, the A-phase load current mutual inductor, the B-phase load current mutual inductor, the C-phase load current mutual inductor and the voltage divider are connected with the signal conditioning circuit and an output of the signal conditioning circuit is connected with the singlechip; the switching device is connected with the singlechip; and the communication module is connected with the singlechip. The comprehensive leakage protector can realize overcurrent, short circuit, leakage and voltage abnormality (overvoltage or undervoltage) protections and has the deferred action and automatic reclosing function. Multiple intelligent comprehensive leakage protectors can form a leakage protection monitoring network by respective communication module in a flexible mode, thus realizing the leakage protection remote monitoring for a low-voltage network.
Description
Technical field
Technical scheme of the present invention relates to a kind of have automatic disconnection emergency protection circuit device for electric communication function, that directly react to departing from the undesirable variation of normal electrical working condition, specifically a kind of Intelligent electric leakage comprehensive protection device and operation method thereof with communication function.
Technical background
Aftercurrent protecting equipment < is that earth leakage protective device > is a kind of visual plant in low voltage electric network, is preventing that leakage fire and protection from playing an important role aspect personal electric shock.At present; Aftercurrent protecting equipment has generally been installed in low voltage electric network; but; there are the following problems for existing Aftercurrent protecting equipment: (1) only can provide basic protection (as residual current circuit breaker patent CN101562328A); for preventing that distribution transformer is because of overcurrent, short circuit or overvoltage damage; when Aftercurrent protecting equipment is installed, also other protective devices such as fuse to be installed, so just cause the increase of distribution box volume, cost to improve.(2) existing Aftercurrent protecting equipment does not generally possess communication function, is unit operation substantially, and the operation conditions that cannot provide electrical network for power department is the data of residual current situation particularly; Meanwhile, power department manages also comparatively loaded down with trivial details to it, need to send special messenger's periodical inspection.Therefore the Aftercurrent protecting equipment of electrical network cannot meet the demand that power department is monitored low voltage electric network at present, can not adapt to the requirement of following intelligent grid development.
In order to overcome above problem, many people have proposed the integrated intelligent multifunctional leakage protector that solution: CN1373490A proposes a kind of novel structure, adopt electromagnetic actuation, discharge and control main switch tripping operation, close a floodgate, this structure is more simple in structure than circuit breaker electric switch-on, action is not subject to air pollution, salty wet sea wind, the corrosion of acid mist etc., electric under bringing onto load condition, can reach mechanical endurance more than 100000 times, with current transformer, signal processing circuit is assembled in a box body together, make protector can easily realize overcurrent, short circuit, creepage protection function, but this earth leakage protective device does not possess voltage protection function, do not possess communication function yet, can not solve well the problem existing in existing Aftercurrent protecting equipment.CN101969288A has proposed a kind of both can wiredly receiving and dispatching of gsm wireless mechanics of communication and electric line carrier communication technology that adopt, the communications adapter of special-purpose multifunctional residual current circuit breaker that again can wireless receiving and dispatching, be used for transmitting residual current circuit breaker setup parameter relevant information and control instruction, automatically the separating brake completing after tripping operation is detained and reclosing action again, and electrical network is put into operation in time.Though this communications adapter has communication function; but must be used in conjunction with and could realize defencive function with earth leakage protective device; in addition this communications adapter only can be realized the both-way communication between earth leakage protective device and control appliance; and do not possess the function of setting up earth leakage protective monitor network, so its application has certain limitation.
In a word, existing technology does not all solve the problem in Aftercurrent protecting equipment well.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is: provide a kind of Intelligent electric leakage comprehensive protection device with communication function: this leakage comprehensive protector compact conformation, functional integration is high, can be to overcurrent, short circuit, electric leakage, electric voltage exception (overvoltage or under-voltage) fault provides protection, have again based on wire communication, the multiple communication modes of wireless telecommunications and national public mobile network, can set up neatly earth leakage protective monitor network, overcome current earth leakage protective device function singleness, can not realize the shortcoming of networked control, solved well the problem existing in current Aftercurrent protecting equipment, and there is deferred action and automatic reclosing function.
The technical scheme solving the problems of the technologies described above is:
A leakage comprehensive protector, comprises zero sequence current mutual inductor, A phase load current transformer, B phase load current transformer, C phase load current transformer, voltage divider, signal conditioning circuit, single-chip microcomputer, switching device, communication module and power supply; Wherein, the output of zero sequence current mutual inductor, A phase load current transformer, B phase load current transformer, C phase load current transformer and voltage divider is connected with signal conditioning circuit, and the output of signal conditioning circuit is connected with single-chip microcomputer; Switching device is connected with single-chip microcomputer; Communication module is connected with single-chip microcomputer; The input of power supply is connected with electrical network, and the output of power supply is connected with signal conditioning circuit, single-chip microcomputer and communication module.
Described switching device is air circuit or relay.
Described signal conditioning circuit is by leakage current signal modulate circuit, voltage signal conditioning circuit and load current signal conditioning circuit three partial function the electric circuit constitutes, wherein, leakage current signal modulate circuit consists of operational amplifier, resistor, capacitor, diode, leakage current signal for the treatment of zero sequence current mutual inductor input, the input of leakage current signal modulate circuit is connected with the output of zero sequence current mutual inductor, and the output of leakage current signal modulate circuit is connected with single-chip microcomputer; Voltage signal conditioning circuit is comprised of three identical parts of structure, they form by operational amplifier, resistor, capacitor and diode, for the treatment of the three-phase voltage signal of being inputted by voltage divider, the input of voltage signal conditioning circuit is connected with the output of voltage divider, and the output of voltage signal conditioning circuit is connected with single-chip microcomputer; Load current signal conditioning circuit is comprised of three identical parts of structure, they form by operational amplifier, resistor, capacitor and diode, for the treatment of the three-phase load current signal of being inputted by load current mutual-inductor, the input of load current signal conditioning circuit is connected with the output of A phase load current transformer, B phase load current transformer, C phase load current transformer respectively, and the output of load current signal conditioning circuit is connected with single-chip microcomputer;
Described communication module is by wireless communication line, wire communication circuit and the three partial function the electric circuit constitutes of the communicating circuit based on national public's mobile communication network, and wherein, wireless communication line is the modular circuit based on wireless telecommunications integrated circuit; Wire communication circuit is the modular circuit based on field bus technique; Communicating circuit based on national public's mobile communication network is the data transmission module that utilizes national public's mobile communication network;
Described national public's mobile communication network is the GSM public of country mobile communication network, the CDMA/CDMA2000 public of country mobile communication network, WCDMA country's public's mobile communication network or the TDSCDMA public of country mobile communication network;
Described leakage comprehensive protector can also comprise following auxiliary part: electric leakage simulative generator, keyboard/display circuit, real time clock circuit, external memory storage and frequency detection circuit; These auxiliary parts are all connected with single-chip microcomputer with power supply.
The operation method that the described Intelligent electric leakage comprehensive protection device with communication function is realized defencive function comprises the following steps:
1) leakage current in zero sequence current mutual inductor sensing electrical network, load current in A phase load current transformer, B phase load current transformer and C phase load current transformer sense line, voltage divider sense line voltage, their output is connected with signal conditioning circuit, is input to single-chip microcomputer and carries out analog-to-digital conversion after signal conditioning circuit conversion, amplification; Single-chip microcomputer is analyzed sampled value and is judged:
(a) when leakage current meets or exceeds residual operating current threshold value, after the single-chip microcomputer delay adjustments time, send the order of threading off, make switching device action, switching device disengagement failure circuit, is protected fault electric leakage;
(b) when the load current in circuit meets or exceeds overcurrent protection action threshold value, send the order of threading off after the single-chip microcomputer delay adjustments time, make switching device action, switching device disengagement failure circuit, makes overload current protected;
(c) when line voltage distribution moves threshold value higher than overvoltage protection action threshold value or lower than under-voltage protection, sending the order of threading off after the single-chip microcomputer delay adjustments time, making switching device action, switching device disengagement failure circuit, makes electric voltage exception protected;
After Intelligent electric leakage comprehensive protection device is threaded off, forward step 2 to), otherwise forward step 3 to);
2) if automatic reclosing function is unlocked, Intelligent electric leakage comprehensive protection device automatic reclosing 1 time in 40s～60s, and forward step 1 to); If after No. 1 reclosing, line fault still exists, after again threading off, switching device will be blocked;
3) if power-failure protecting function is unlocked, when line outage, single-chip microcomputer sends the order of threading off, and makes switching device move to cut off circuit, and after voltage recovers normally, automatic reclosing is to restore electricity; Otherwise forward step 1 to).
The operation method that the described Intelligent electric leakage comprehensive protection device with communication function is realized communication function comprises the following steps:
1) under the condition not breaking down at circuit, single-chip microcomputer periodically detects the state that sends flag bit and receiving flag position: when sending mark position 1, forward step 2 to); When receiving flag position 1, forward step 4 to); Otherwise continue to wait for;
2) single-chip microcomputer is written into the destination address of communication and the data content of transmission, and selects communication modes according to connection status, after success, forwards step 3 to), otherwise there is fault in report user communication circuit;
3) communication data is sent to destination address, after being sent, forward step 1 to);
4) single-chip microcomputer is determined the communication modes that carries out data receiver, after success, forwards step 5 to), otherwise forward step 1 to);
5) receive communication data packets, and judge whether its address is the machine address: if accept communication data packets and forward step 6 to); Otherwise, abandon the communication data packets receiving and forward step 1 to);
6) packet of accepting is processed, after being disposed, forwarded to step 1);
The operation method that the described Intelligent electric leakage comprehensive protection device with communication function is realized booster action is:
1) under the condition of the protection of single-chip microcomputer off-duty and communication function, single-chip microcomputer operation display update and keyboard scan program: single-chip microcomputer regularly by specified operating value, the operate time of leakage current, load current, line voltage distribution and earth leakage protective, overcurrent protection and electric voltage exception protection, cause that the reason of action and fault value deliver to display circuit, to upgrade displaying contents; After Data Update, whether single-chip microcomputer operation keyboard scan program, detect and have button to press, and when having button to press, single-chip microcomputer is carried out keystroke handling program, to complete, arranges and query function; After display update and keyboard scan program are finished, single-chip microcomputer returns in defence program;
2), under the condition of the protection of single-chip microcomputer off-duty and communication function, single-chip microcomputer operation real-time time refresh routine, regularly reads the real-time time that real time clock circuit provides, for failure logging and history run record; After real-time time upgrades, single-chip microcomputer returns in defence program;
3) under the condition of the protection of single-chip microcomputer off-duty and communication function, single-chip microcomputer operation storage program, at regular intervals, leakage current when just circuit is moved, load current, line voltage distribution store in external memory storage, after storage, single-chip microcomputer returns in defence program;
When line failure, single-chip microcomputer also moves storage program, and fault message is stored in external memory storage, to be stored after, single-chip microcomputer returns in defence program;
4) at frequency detection circuit, directly from electrical network, obtain AC signal and be shaped to square-wave signal input single-chip microcomputer through zero balancing circuit, before single-chip microcomputer running protection program, first running frequency trace routine, square-wave signal to input detects, and the signal of one-period is carried out to timing, detect the time of one-period, with realize mains frequency from motion tracking;
5) simulation of electric leakage simulation circuit for generating produces fault electric leakage; when pressing leak(age) test button, electric leakage simulation circuit for generating produces a simulated failure leakage current, when single-chip microcomputer detects this; send electric leakage dropout order, whether normal for checking protector work of the present invention.
Beneficial effect of the present invention, compared with prior art, has the following advantages:
The Intelligent electric leakage comprehensive protection device with communication function of the present invention can be realized overcurrent, short circuit, electric leakage, electric voltage exception (overvoltage or under-voltage) protection, there is deferred action and automatic reclosing function, and there is communication function, many Intelligent electric leakage comprehensive protection devices can be by separately communication module in mode flexibly, form earth leakage protective monitor network, realize the remote monitoring of low voltage electric network earth leakage protective, simultaneously, Intelligent electric leakage comprehensive protection device as control centre can also utilize national public's mobile communication network (GSM, CDMA/CDMA2000, WCDMA, TDSCDMA) with user mobile phone or upper machine communication, user also can check or the parameter of revising Intelligent electric leakage comprehensive protection device node in network arranges by mobile phone or host computer, and can realize long-range breaking-closing operating by mobile phone or host computer.Therefore, adopt the Intelligent electric leakage comprehensive protection device with communication function of the present invention to there is complete defencive function, and can carry out network communication, staff can be monitored the ruuning situation of electrical network whenever and wherever possible.And existing earth leakage protective device function is comparatively single, and generally do not possess communication function, user's use is restricted, cannot meet the demand that power department is monitored low voltage electric network, can not adapt to the requirement of power network development.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is the connection block diagram between each part of leakage comprehensive protector in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the connection block diagram between each part of leakage comprehensive protector in embodiment 2.
Fig. 3 is the connection diagram that the present invention forms monitor network.
Fig. 4 is the circuit connection diagram of embodiments of the invention 2, and wherein 4a is---the electric circuit constitute part except communication module, and 4b is---communication module circuit.
Fig. 5 is the flow chart that the present invention realizes protection and communication function, and wherein 5a is, and---flow chart, Fig. 5 b that leakage comprehensive protector is realized defencive function are that---flow chart, Fig. 5 c that leakage comprehensive protector is realized communication sending function are---leakage comprehensive protector is realized the flow chart of communication receiving function.
In figure, 1---zero sequence current mutual inductor; 2---A phase load current transformer; 3---B phase load current transformer; 4---C phase load current transformer; 5---voltage divider; 6---signal conditioning circuit; 7---single-chip microcomputer; 8---switching device; 9---communication module; 10---power supply; 11---electric leakage simulative generator; 12---keyboard/display circuit; 13---real time clock circuit; 14---external memory storage; 15---frequency detection circuit; 16---leakage comprehensive protector.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows, the Intelligent electric leakage comprehensive protection device with communication function of the present invention comprises zero sequence current mutual inductor (1), A phase load current transformer (2), B phase load current transformer (3), C phase load current transformer (4), voltage divider (5), signal conditioning circuit (6), single-chip microcomputer (7), switching device (8), communication module (9) and power supply (10).
Its annexation is: the leakage current in zero sequence current mutual inductor (1) sensing electrical network, load current in A phase load current transformer (2), B phase load current transformer (3) and C phase load current transformer (4) sense line, voltage divider (5) sense line voltage; The output of zero sequence current mutual inductor (1), A phase load current transformer (2), B phase load current transformer (3), C phase load current transformer (4) and voltage divider (5) is connected with signal conditioning circuit (6), the output of signal conditioning circuit (6) is connected with single-chip microcomputer (7), and single-chip microcomputer (7) is responsible for analysis and the processing of signal; Switching device (8) is connected with single-chip microcomputer (7), completes the action of threading off with disengagement failure circuit under the control of single-chip microcomputer (7); Communication module (9) is connected with single-chip microcomputer (7), under the control of single-chip microcomputer (7), completes communication function; Power supply (10) is signal conditioning circuit (6), single-chip microcomputer (7) and communication module (9) power supply.
As shown in Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b, in embodiment: zero sequence current mutual inductor RCT (1), A phase load current transformer (2), B phase load current transformer (3), C phase load current transformer (4), voltage divider (5) are connected with signal conditioning circuit (6) respectively, the output of signal conditioning circuit (6) is connected to single-chip microcomputer (7), for single-chip microcomputer (7) provides leakage current, load current and line voltage signal; Communication module (9) is connected with single-chip microcomputer (7), under the control of single-chip microcomputer (7), completes communication function; Button/display circuit (12) is connected and is subject to the control of single-chip microcomputer (7) with single-chip microcomputer (7), display circuit (12) circulation shows leakage current, load current and line voltage distribution, and show specified operating value, the operate time of earth leakage protective, overcurrent protection and electric voltage exception protection and cause reason and the fault value of action, keyboard (12) is for selecting specified operating value, operate time and query history record; Real time clock circuit (13) is connected and is subject to the control of single-chip microcomputer (7) with single-chip microcomputer (7), for Intelligent electric leakage comprehensive protection device provides real-time time; External memory storage (14) is connected and is subject to the control of single-chip microcomputer (7) with single-chip microcomputer (7), leakage current, load current, line voltage distribution and fault message while moving for storing circuit; Frequency detection circuit (15) is connected with single-chip microcomputer (7), by mains frequency signal input single-chip microcomputer (7); Electric leakage simulation circuit for generating (11) simulation produces fault electric leakage; Power supply (10) is single-chip microcomputer (7), signal conditioning circuit (6), communication module (9), button/display circuit (12), real time clock circuit (13), external memory storage (14) and frequency detection circuit (15) power supply.
As shown in Fig. 4 a, in embodiment: the creepage mutual inductor that zero sequence current mutual inductor (1) is manufactured for 1J85 permalloy, its internal diameter is 40mm; The electromagnetic current transducer that A phase load current transformer (2), B phase load current transformer (3) and C phase load current transformer (4) are manufactured for silicon steel sheet, rated current is 100A; Voltage divider (5) consists of resistor in series; Signal conditioning circuit (6) is comprised of operational amplifier, resistor, capacitor and diode, is divided into three functional circuits: operational amplifier U6A and the resistor being attached thereto, capacitor and diode form leakage current signal modulate circuit; Operational amplifier U3A, U4A, U4B and the resistor being connected with them, capacitor and diode form voltage signal conditioning circuit; Operational amplifier U3B, U4C, U4D and the resistor being connected with them, capacitor and diode form load current signal conditioning circuit; In signal conditioning circuit (6), the model of operational amplifier is MCP6004; Power supply (10) consists of Industrial Frequency Transformer, diode 1N4007,220 microfarad electrolytic capacitors and integrated circuit LM7805; Single-chip microcomputer (7) is ATmega32 chip microprocessor; Switching device (8) is the air circuit of rated current 100A, can be also relay.This three partial functions circuit of leakage current signal modulate circuit, voltage signal conditioning circuit and load current signal conditioning circuit is circuit known in this field, and its composition and annexation are that those of ordinary skills are known.Electric leakage signal modulate circuit consists of operational amplifier, resistor, capacitor and diode, for the treatment of the leakage current signal of zero sequence current mutual inductor input; Voltage signal conditioning circuit is comprised of three identical parts of structure, and they form by operational amplifier, resistor, capacitor and diode, for the treatment of the three-phase voltage signal of being inputted by voltage divider; Load current signal conditioning circuit is comprised of three identical parts of structure, and they form by operational amplifier, resistor, capacitor and diode, for the treatment of the three-phase load current signal of being inputted by load current mutual-inductor.
As shown in Figure 4 b, in embodiment: communication module (9) is comprised of integrated circuit, SIM card slot, resistor, capacitor, inductance coil, diode, triode, crystal oscillator and radio-frequency antenna, be divided into three functional circuits: integrated circuit U15nRF2401, resistor, capacitor, crystal oscillator, inductance coil and radio-frequency antenna RF ANT form the wireless communication line of communication module (9); Integrated circuit U7MAX485, photoelectrical coupler U5, U9, U10 (PS2501), resistor and triode form the wire communication circuit of communication module (9); Integration module U14SIM300C, SIM card slot U16, resistor, capacitor, triode and diode form the communicating circuit based on national public's mobile communication network of communication module (9), in embodiment, adopt the GSM public of country mobile communication network.
Fig. 1 shows; the output signal of zero sequence current mutual inductor (1), A phase load current transformer (2), B phase load current transformer (3), C phase load current transformer (4) and voltage divider (5) is input to single-chip microcomputer (7) and carries out analog-to-digital conversion after signal conditioning circuit (6) conditioning, amplification; single-chip microcomputer (7) is analyzed and judges the electric parameter gathering; complete electric leakage, overload, electric voltage exception protection, its course of work and operation method are:
(a) when leakage current meets or exceeds residual operating current threshold value, single-chip microcomputer (7) delay adjustments sends the order of threading off after the time, makes switching device (8) action, and switching device (8) disengagement failure circuit is protected fault electric leakage.
(b) when the load current in circuit meets or exceeds overcurrent protection action threshold value; single-chip microcomputer (7) delay adjustments sends the order of threading off after the time; make switching device (8) action, switching device (8) disengagement failure circuit, makes overload current protected.
(c) when line voltage distribution moves threshold value higher than overvoltage protection action threshold value or lower than under-voltage protection; single-chip microcomputer (7) delay adjustments sends the order of threading off after the time; make switching device (8) action, switching device (8) disengagement failure circuit, makes electric voltage exception protected.
Fig. 1 shows, every Intelligent electric leakage comprehensive protection device all has communication module (9), communication module (9) is realized communication function under the control of single-chip microcomputer (7), its course of work and operation method are: many Intelligent electric leakage comprehensive protection devices communication module (9) by separately interconnects and forms earth leakage protective monitor network, this connected mode can be wired mode, also can be wireless mode, can also be the combination of wired mode and wireless mode; Every leakage comprehensive protector is all network node, and any one network node can both be as the control centre of network, but in the same time, control centre is unique; Control centre controls the operation of whole network; be responsible for collecting real-time running data and the fault message of each network node institute protection circuit; while is the operating state of control network nodes also; control centre can also utilize national public's mobile communication network and user mobile phone or upper machine communication; inform the running status of user network node; user also can be checked or be revised the parameter of arbitrary node in network by mobile phone or host computer and arrange, and can to it, carry out long-range breaking-closing operating by mobile phone or host computer.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 2 shows; be added with the Intelligent electric leakage comprehensive protection device with communication function of the present invention of auxiliary circuit, comprise zero sequence current mutual inductor (1), A phase load current transformer (2), B phase load current transformer (3), C phase load current transformer (4), voltage divider (5), signal conditioning circuit (6), single-chip microcomputer (7), switching device (8), communication module (9) and power supply (10), electric leakage simulative generator (11), keyboard/display circuit (12), real time clock circuit (13), external memory storage (14) and frequency detection circuit (15).
Its annexation is: the leakage current in zero sequence current mutual inductor (1) sensing electrical network, load current in A phase load current transformer (2), B phase load current transformer (3) and C phase load current transformer (4) sense line, voltage divider (5) sense line voltage; The output of zero sequence current mutual inductor (1), A phase load current transformer (2), B phase load current transformer (3), C phase load current transformer (4) and voltage divider (5) is connected with signal conditioning circuit (6), the output of signal conditioning circuit (6) is connected with single-chip microcomputer (7), and single-chip microcomputer (7) is responsible for analysis and the processing of signal; Switching device (8) is connected with single-chip microcomputer (7), completes the action of threading off with disengagement failure circuit under the control of single-chip microcomputer (7); Communication module (9) is connected with single-chip microcomputer (7), under the control of single-chip microcomputer (7), completes communication function; Whether electric leakage analog circuit is connected with single-chip microcomputer, normal for checking protector work of the present invention; Keyboard/display circuit (12) is connected with single-chip microcomputer (7), under the control of single-chip microcomputer (7), the circulation of the real-time electric parameter of complete paired transmission line and protector parameters shows, and by keyboard (12), user's personal settings is passed to single-chip microcomputer (7); Real-time clock (13) is connected with single-chip microcomputer, for single-chip microcomputer (7) provides real-time clock signal; External memory storage (14) is connected with single-chip microcomputer (7), leakage current, load current, line voltage distribution and fault message while moving for regularly storing circuit; Frequency detection circuit (15) directly obtains AC signal and is shaped to square-wave signal input single-chip microcomputer (7) through zero balancing circuit from electrical network; Power supply (10) is signal conditioning circuit (6), single-chip microcomputer (7), communication module (9), electric leakage simulative generator (11), keyboard/display circuit (12), real time clock circuit (13), external memory storage (14) and frequency detection circuit (15) power supply.
The basic function that is added with leakage comprehensive protector in miscellaneous function expansion embodiment, contributes to user to use more easily this device.
The output signal of zero sequence current mutual inductor (1), A phase load current transformer (2), B phase load current transformer (3), C phase load current transformer (4) and voltage divider (5) is input to single-chip microcomputer (7) and carries out analog-to-digital conversion after modulate circuit (6) conditioning, amplification; single-chip microcomputer (7) is analyzed and judges these electric parameters; complete electric leakage, overload, electric voltage exception protection, its course of work and operation method are:
(a) when leakage current meets or exceeds residual operating current threshold value, single-chip microcomputer (7) delay adjustments sends the order of threading off after the time, makes switching device (8) action, and switching device (8) disengagement failure circuit is protected fault electric leakage.
(b) when the load current in circuit meets or exceeds overcurrent protection action threshold value; single-chip microcomputer (7) delay adjustments sends the order of threading off after the time; make switching device (8) action, switching device (8) disengagement failure circuit, makes overload current protected.
(c) when line voltage distribution moves threshold value higher than overvoltage protection action threshold value or lower than under-voltage protection; single-chip microcomputer (7) delay adjustments sends the order of threading off after the time; make switching device (8) action, switching device (8) disengagement failure circuit, makes electric voltage exception protected.
Intelligent electric leakage comprehensive protection device is because of after electric leakage, overcurrent or electric voltage exception thread off, when automatic reclosing function is unlocked, in 40s～60s automatic reclosing once, if fault still exists and again threads off and make switching device (8) locking after reclosing.In addition, if power-failure protecting function is unlocked, when line outage, single-chip microcomputer (7) will send the order of threading off, and make switching device (8) action to cut off circuit, until voltage recover normal after by automatic reclosing to restore electricity.
Every Intelligent electric leakage comprehensive protection device all has communication module (9), communication module (9) is realized communication function under the control of single-chip microcomputer (7), its course of work and operation method are: many Intelligent electric leakage comprehensive protection devices communication module (9) by separately interconnects and forms earth leakage protective monitor network, this connected mode can be wired mode, also can be wireless mode, can also be the combination of wired mode and wireless mode; Every leakage comprehensive protector is all network node, and any one network node can both control the operation of whole network as the control centre of network, but in the same time, control centre is unique; Control centre is responsible for collecting real-time running data and the fault message of each network node institute protection circuit; while is the operating state of control network nodes also; control centre can also utilize national public's mobile communication network and user mobile phone or upper machine communication; user can be checked or be revised the parameter of any one node in network by short message or host computer and arrange, and can to it, carry out long-range breaking-closing operating by short message or host computer.
The operation method that the auxiliary part with the Intelligent electric leakage comprehensive protection device of communication function of the present invention is realized booster action is: single-chip microcomputer (7) is delivered to display circuit (12) by leakage current, load current and line voltage distribution; display circuit (12) circulation shows leakage current, load current and line voltage distribution, and shows that earth leakage protective, overcurrent protection and electric voltage exception protect specified operating value, operate time and cause reason and the fault value of action.Keyboard (12) is for selecting specified operating value, operate time and query history record.Real time clock circuit (13), for Intelligent electric leakage comprehensive protection device provides real-time time, for failure logging and history run record, makes user can understand in more detail the running status of circuit.Leakage current, load current and line voltage distribution and fault message when external memory storage (14) moves for regularly storing circuit, facilitate user to inquire about.Frequency detection circuit (15) directly obtains AC signal and is shaped to square-wave signal input single-chip microcomputer (7) through zero balancing circuit from electrical network, single-chip microcomputer (7) detects input signal, and the signal of one-period is carried out to timing, detect the time of one-period, realize mains frequency from motion tracking.Whether electric leakage simulation circuit for generating (11) is simulated and is produced fault electric leakage, when single-chip microcomputer (7) detects simulated failure electric leakage, sends electric leakage dropout order, normal for checking protector work of the present invention.Power supply (10) is these circuit supplies simultaneously.
Fig. 3 shows, many of the present invention has the Intelligent electric leakage comprehensive protection device of communication function and user mobile phone and host computer and can form earth leakage protective monitor network.The schematic diagram that Fig. 3 provides is comprised of five leakage comprehensive protectors, a user mobile phone and a host computer, and in practical application, the number of networked devices can also increase as required.In Fig. 3, every leakage comprehensive protector is all network node, and wherein node 1 is control centre, and internodal communication modes can be wired mode, can be also wireless mode, and single-chip microcomputer will be selected suitable communication modes automatically.Control centre controls the operation of whole network, but in the same time, control centre is unique; Control centre is responsible for collecting real-time running data and the fault message of each network node institute protection circuit; while is the operating state of control network nodes also; control centre can also utilize national public's mobile communication network and user mobile phone or upper machine communication; user can be checked or be revised the parameter of any one node in network by mobile phone or host computer and arrange, and can to it, carry out long-range breaking-closing operating by mobile phone or host computer.
As shown in Fig. 4 a, zero sequence current mutual inductor RCT (1) is through A, B, C phase line and the neutral line N of power circuit, comprise two secondary that formed respectively by two coils, one of them secondary is connected to signal conditioning circuit (6), and another secondary and button S1 and resistance R 1 form electric leakage simulation circuit for generating (11).
As shown in Fig. 4 a, A phase load current transformer (2) CT1, B phase load current transformer (3) CT2 and C phase load current transformer (4) CT3 are respectively through A, B, the C phase line of power circuit, and their output is connected with signal conditioning circuit (6).
As shown in Fig. 4 a, voltage divider (5) consists of R2, R4, R5, R7, R8 and R9, and the input of voltage divider (5) is connected to A, B, C three-phase voltage, and output is connected with signal conditioning circuit (6).
As shown in Fig. 4 a, in signal conditioning circuit (6): (a) leakage current signal conditioning.R26, C15 are connected with the output of zero sequence current mutual inductor RCT (1), and leakage current signal is transformed to voltage signal; Operational amplifier U6A, C14, R23, R24, R30 and R32 form electric leakage signal amplifying circuit, and the signal after amplification is inputted single-chip microcomputer (7) through R35.(b) load current signal condition.Load current signal conditioning circuit consists of three identical circuit of structure: the output signal of A phase load current transformer (2) CT1 meets the R40 of signal conditioning circuit (6), A phase load current signal is transformed to voltage signal, the amplifying circuit forming via operational amplifier U3B, R34, R37, D12 and D13 is input to the rectification circuit that D14, R39, R41 and C16 form after amplifying, signal is rectified into direct current and is input to single-chip microcomputer (7) by R38.The output signal of B phase load current transformer (3) CT2 meets the R46 of signal conditioning circuit (6), B phase load current signal is transformed to voltage signal, the amplifying circuit forming via operational amplifier U4C, R42, R43, D15 and D16 is input to the rectification circuit that D17, R45, R48 and C20 form after amplifying, signal is rectified into direct current and is input to single-chip microcomputer (7) by R44.The output signal of C phase load current transformer (3) CT3 meets the R52 of signal conditioning circuit (6), C phase load current signal is transformed to voltage signal, the amplifying circuit forming via operational amplifier U4D, R49, R50, D18 and D19 is input to the rectification circuit that D20, R51, R53 and C26 form after amplifying, signal is rectified into direct current and is input to single-chip microcomputer (7) by R47.(c) line voltage signal conditioning.Line voltage signal modulate circuit consists of three identical circuit of structure: the R2 of voltage divider (5), R4 sensing A phase voltage, its output signal is connected to the rectification circuit of D5, C10 and R6 formation, after the voltage follower that the direct current signal after rectification forms through operational amplifier U3A, by R3, inputs single-chip microcomputer (7).The R5 of voltage divider (5), R7 sensing B phase voltage, its output signal is connected to the rectification circuit of D6, C12 and R12 formation, after the voltage follower that the direct current signal after rectification forms through operational amplifier U4A, by R11, inputs single-chip microcomputer (7).The R8 of voltage divider (5), R9 sensing C phase voltage, its output signal is connected to the rectification circuit of D7, C13 and R17 formation, after the voltage follower that the direct current signal after rectification forms through operational amplifier U4B, by R16, inputs single-chip microcomputer (7).
As shown in Fig. 4 a, switching device (8) is subject to the control of single-chip microcomputer (7) by R18, Q1 and relay K 1, when leakage current, load current or line voltage distribution meet or exceed action threshold value, single-chip microcomputer (7) delay adjustments sends the order of threading off after the time, make switching device (8) action, switching device (8) disengagement failure circuit.Wherein, the power circuit that D3, D4 and C11 form is trip gear power supply, even to guarantee still can to complete at the condition lower device of line outage the action of threading off.
As shown in Fig. 4 a; another secondary of zero sequence current mutual inductor RCT (1) and button S1 and resistance R 1 form electric leakage simulation circuit for generating (11); when pressing S1; zero sequence current mutual inductor RCT (1) will produce the electric leakage signal of a simulation; single-chip microcomputer (7) detects after this signal; to send earth leakage protective instruction; it is single-chip microcomputer (7) output high level; by R18, Q1, drive relay K 1; make switching device (8) action, whether normal for check protection device earth leakage protective performance.
As shown in Fig. 4 a, signal after single-chip microcomputer U11 (7) acknowledge(ment) signal modulate circuit (6) in the present invention amplifies and the signal of frequency detection circuit (15), control button/display circuit (12), real time clock circuit (13), external memory storage (14) and switching device (8).Single-chip microcomputer U11 (7) analyzes sampled value and judges, its process and method are:
(a) when leakage current meets or exceeds residual operating current threshold value, single-chip microcomputer (7) delay adjustments sends the order of threading off after the time, makes switching device (8) action, and switching device (8) disengagement failure circuit is protected fault electric leakage.
(b) when the load current in circuit meets or exceeds overcurrent protection action threshold value; single-chip microcomputer (7) delay adjustments sends the order of threading off after the time; make switching device (8) action, switching device (8) disengagement failure circuit, makes overload current protected.
(c) when line voltage distribution moves threshold value higher than overvoltage protection action threshold value or lower than under-voltage protection; single-chip microcomputer (7) delay adjustments sends the order of threading off after the time; make switching device (8) action, switching device (8) disengagement failure circuit, makes electric voltage exception protected.
As shown in Fig. 4 a, button/display circuit (12) consists of U2, C5, C6, C7, C8, C9, DS1～DS25, S2～S7, S11, S12, R13, R14, R15, R19, R27, is connected and controlled by single-chip microcomputer (7) with single-chip microcomputer (7).Display circuit (12) circulation shows leakage current, load current and line voltage distribution, and shows that earth leakage protective, overcurrent protection and electric voltage exception protect specified operating value, operate time and cause reason and the fault value of action.Keyboard (12) is for selecting specified operating value, operate time and query history record.
As shown in Fig. 4 a, real time clock circuit (13) consists of U12, C18, C19, Y1, BT1 and C17, is connected and controlled by single-chip microcomputer (7) with single-chip microcomputer (7).Real time clock circuit (13), for Intelligent electric leakage comprehensive protection device provides real-time time, for failure logging and history run record, makes user understand in more detail the running status of circuit.
As shown in Fig. 4 a, external memory storage U13 (14) is connected with single-chip microcomputer (7) and controlled by single-chip microcomputer (7).Leakage current, load current and line voltage distribution and fault message when external memory storage moves for regularly storing circuit, facilitate user to inquire about.
As shown in Fig. 4 a, frequency detection circuit (15) consists of R29, D10, D11, U8A, mains frequency signal is shaped to square wave and is input to single-chip microcomputer (7) by R31, single-chip microcomputer U11 (7) adopts timer internal to carry out timing measuring to power supply signal, when mains frequency changes, the timer value of single-chip microcomputer (7) also just changes, realization to mains frequency from motion tracking, the data that single-chip microcomputer (7) is gathered in the cycle when carrying out signals collecting are constant, the error that has reduced data processing, has improved certainty of measurement.
As shown in Fig. 4 a, power circuit (10) consists of transformer T1, diode D1, D2, integrated regulator U1 and C1, C2, C3, C4, the voltage of T1 output outputs to U1 and carries out voltage stabilizing after diode D1, D2 rectification, and C1, C2, C3, C4 carry out filtering to power supply.Power circuit (10) is single-chip microcomputer and other circuit supplies.
As shown in Figure 4 b, communication module (9) is comprised of integrated circuit 1 (U15), integrated circuit 2 (U7), photoelectrical coupler (U5, U9, U10), integration module (U14), SIM card slot (U16), R20, R21, R22, R25, R28, R33, R36, R54～R62, C27～C36, L2, L3, Y3, antenna RF ANT, D21, Q2 and Q3.Wherein: integrated circuit 1 (U15), R54, C27, C30, C31, C33, C34, C35, Y3 and antenna RF ANT form the wireless communication line of communication module (9); Integrated circuit 2 (U7), photoelectrical coupler (U5, U9, U10), R20, R21, R22, R25, R33, R36, R28 and Q2 form the wire communication circuit of communication module (9); Integration module (U14), SIM card slot (U16), R55～R62, C28, C29, C36, Q3 and D21 form the communicating circuit based on national public's mobile communication network of communication module (9).Communication module (9) is connected with single-chip microcomputer (7) by Connection Block P1; under the control of single-chip microcomputer (7), realize communication function: many Intelligent electric leakage comprehensive protection devices communication module (9) by separately interconnects and forms earth leakage protective monitor network; this connected mode can be the connection that the Connection Block P2 by communication module (9) carries out with wired mode, can be also the connection of carrying out with wireless mode by the wireless communication line of communication module (9).Every leakage comprehensive protector is all network node, and any one network node can both control the operation of whole network as the control centre of network, but in the same time, control centre is unique; Control centre is responsible for collecting real-time running data and the fault message of each network node institute protection circuit; while is the operating state of control network nodes also; control centre sets up communication by the communicating circuit based on national public's wireless network (GSM, CDMA/CDMA2000, WCDMA, TDSCDMA) and user mobile phone or host computer; inform the running status of user network node; user also can be checked or be revised the parameter of arbitrary node in network by mobile phone or host computer and arrange, and can to it, carry out long-range breaking-closing operating by mobile phone or host computer.
Fig. 5 a shows the operation sequence of chip microcontroller defencive function in the present invention:
(1) after single-chip microcomputer powers on, register and variable are carried out to initialization, after initialization completes, turn (2) step;
(2) according to sample frequency and window period, leakage current, A phase load electric current, B phase load electric current, C phase load electric current and line voltage signal are gathered; Complete after the sampling of one-period, calculate the value of leakage current, three-phase load electric current and line voltage distribution, after calculating, proceed to (3) step;
(3), according to the size of the leakage current just having detected, judge whether leakage current value is more than or equal to electric leakage action threshold value, when leakage current is more than or equal to electric leakage action threshold value, proceeds to delay procedure, and delay adjustments sends dropout instruction after the time; When being less than electric leakage action threshold value, leakage current proceeds to (4) step;
(4) according to the size of the three-phase load electric current just having detected, judge whether each phase load current value is more than or equal to overcurrent action threshold value, when a certain phase or a few phase load electric current are more than or equal to overcurrent action threshold value, proceed to delay procedure, delay adjustments sends dropout instruction after the time; When being all less than overcurrent action threshold value, three-phase load electric current proceeds to (5) step;
(5) according to the size of the line voltage distribution just having detected, judge whether each phase voltage value is more than or equal to overvoltage action threshold value, when a certain phase or a few phase voltage are more than or equal to overvoltage action threshold value, proceed to delay procedure, delay adjustments sends dropout instruction after the time; When being all less than overvoltage action threshold value, three-phase voltage proceeds to (6) step;
(6) according to the size of the line voltage distribution just having detected, judge whether each phase voltage value is less than or equal to low-voltage threshold value, when a certain phase or a few phase voltage are less than or equal to low-voltage threshold value, proceed to delay procedure, delay adjustments sends dropout instruction after the time; When being all greater than low-voltage threshold value, three-phase voltage proceeds to (7) step;
(7) single-chip microcomputer is waited for the triggering signal that next periodic sampling starts, once this triggering signal arrives, the sampling routine that single-chip microcomputer proceeds to step (2) carries out next periodic sampling;
Fig. 5 b shows the operation sequence of chip microcontroller communication sending function in the present invention:
(1) under the condition not breaking down at circuit, single-chip microcomputer periodically detects the state that sends flag bit, proceeds to (2) step when transmission mark position 1 being detected;
(2) single-chip microcomputer is written into the destination address of communication and the data content of transmission, proceeds to (3) step;
(3) single-chip microcomputer is selected communication modes automatically according to connection status: first judge whether communication destination address is user mobile phone, if communication target is user mobile phone, selects the communication modes based on public's wireless network (GSM, CDMA/CDMA2000, WCDMA, TDSCDMA) and proceed to (4) step; If communication target is not user mobile phone, whether availablely detect wire communication mode, if available, select wire communication mode and proceed to (4) step; Whether if wire communication mode is unavailable, then it is available to detect wireless communication mode, if available, select wireless communication mode and proceeds to (4) step; If wireless communication mode is still unavailable, to user report communication line, there is fault;
(4) adopt the communication modes of selecting that communication data is sent to destination address, after data are sent, proceed to (1) step.
Fig. 5 c shows the operation sequence of chip microcontroller communication receiving function in the present invention:
(1) under the condition not breaking down at circuit, single-chip microcomputer periodically detects the state of receiving flag position, proceeds to (2) step when receiving flag position 1 being detected;
(2) single-chip microcomputer scans under various communication modes, whether there is data receiver successively: first scan under the communication modes based on public's wireless network whether have data receiver, if there is data receiver, proceed to (3) step; If there is no data receiver under the communication modes based on public's wireless network, scan under wire communication mode whether have data receiver, if there is data receiver, proceed to (3) step; If there is no data receiver under wire communication mode, scan under wireless communication mode whether have data receiver, if having data receiver under wireless communication mode, proceed to (3) step; If still there is no data receiver under wireless communication mode, proceed to (1) step;
(3) receive communication data packets, after packet receives, judge that whether address is the machine address, if it is proceeds to (4) step; If address is not the machine address, abandons the communication data receiving and proceed to (1) step;
(4) packet of accepting is processed, after being disposed, proceeded to (1) step.
The present invention does not address part and is applicable to prior art.
The above, be only two embodiment that propose according to technical solution of the present invention, not the present invention done to any pro forma restriction.All technical solution of the present invention contents that do not depart from,, all still belong within the scope of claim of the present invention simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, equivalent variations and modification according to technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. leakage comprehensive protector is realized an operation method for booster action, it is characterized by described leakage comprehensive protector and comprises zero sequence current mutual inductor, A phase load current transformer, B phase load current transformer, C phase load current transformer, voltage divider, signal conditioning circuit, single-chip microcomputer, switching device, communication module and power supply; Wherein, the output of zero sequence current mutual inductor, A phase load current transformer, B phase load current transformer, C phase load current transformer and voltage divider is connected with signal conditioning circuit, and the output of signal conditioning circuit is connected with single-chip microcomputer; Switching device is connected with single-chip microcomputer; Communication module is connected with single-chip microcomputer; The input of power supply is connected with electrical network, and the output of power supply is connected with signal conditioning circuit, single-chip microcomputer and communication module;
Described switching device is air circuit or relay;
Described signal conditioning circuit is by leakage current signal modulate circuit, voltage signal conditioning circuit and load current signal conditioning circuit three partial function the electric circuit constitutes, wherein, leakage current signal modulate circuit consists of operational amplifier, resistor, capacitor, diode, the input of leakage current signal modulate circuit is connected with the output of zero sequence current mutual inductor, and the output of leakage current signal modulate circuit is connected with single-chip microcomputer; Voltage signal conditioning circuit is comprised of three identical parts of structure, they form by operational amplifier, resistor, capacitor and diode, for the treatment of the three-phase voltage signal of being inputted by voltage divider, the input of voltage signal conditioning circuit is connected with the output of voltage divider, and the output of voltage signal conditioning circuit is connected with single-chip microcomputer; Load current signal conditioning circuit is comprised of three identical parts of structure, they form by operational amplifier, resistor, capacitor and diode, for the treatment of the three-phase load current signal of being inputted by load current mutual-inductor, the input of load current signal conditioning circuit is connected with the output of A phase load current transformer, B phase load current transformer, C phase load current transformer respectively, and the output of load current signal conditioning circuit is connected with single-chip microcomputer;
Described communication module is by wireless communication line, wire communication circuit and the three partial function the electric circuit constitutes of the communicating circuit based on national public's mobile communication network, and wherein, wireless communication line is the modular circuit based on wireless telecommunications integrated circuit; Wire communication circuit is the modular circuit based on field bus technique; Communicating circuit based on national public's mobile communication network is the data transmission module that utilizes national public's mobile communication network;
Described national public's mobile communication network is the GSM public of country mobile communication network, the CDMA/CDMA2000 public of country mobile communication network, WCDMA country's public's mobile communication network or the TDSCDMA public of country mobile communication network;
Described leakage comprehensive protector also comprises following auxiliary part: electric leakage simulative generator, keyboard/display circuit, real time clock circuit, external memory storage and frequency detection circuit; These auxiliary parts are all connected with single-chip microcomputer with power supply;
Described leakage comprehensive protector is realized the operation method of booster action, comprises the following steps:
1) under the condition of the protection of single-chip microcomputer off-duty and communication function, single-chip microcomputer operation display update and keyboard scan program: single-chip microcomputer regularly by specified operating value, the operate time of leakage current, load current, line voltage distribution and earth leakage protective, overcurrent protection and electric voltage exception protection, cause that the reason of action and fault value deliver to display circuit, to upgrade displaying contents; After Data Update, whether single-chip microcomputer operation keyboard scan program, detect and have button to press, and when having button to press, single-chip microcomputer is carried out keystroke handling program, to complete, arranges and query function; After display update and keyboard scan program are finished, single-chip microcomputer returns in defence program;
2), under the condition of the protection of single-chip microcomputer off-duty and communication function, single-chip microcomputer operation real-time time refresh routine, regularly reads the real-time time that real time clock circuit provides, for failure logging and history run record; After real-time time upgrades, single-chip microcomputer returns in defence program;
3) under the condition of the protection of single-chip microcomputer off-duty and communication function, single-chip microcomputer operation storage program, at regular intervals, leakage current when just circuit is moved, load current, line voltage distribution store in external memory storage, after storage, single-chip microcomputer returns in defence program;
When line failure, single-chip microcomputer also moves storage program, and fault message is stored in external memory storage, to be stored after, single-chip microcomputer returns in defence program;
4) at frequency detection circuit, directly from electrical network, obtain AC signal and be shaped to square-wave signal input single-chip microcomputer through zero balancing circuit, before single-chip microcomputer running protection program, first running frequency trace routine, square-wave signal to input detects, and the signal of one-period is carried out to timing, detect the time of one-period, with realize mains frequency from motion tracking;
5) simulation of electric leakage simulative generator produces fault electric leakage; when pressing leak(age) test button, electric leakage simulative generator produces a simulated failure leakage current, when single-chip microcomputer detects this simulated failure electric leakage; send electric leakage dropout order, whether normal for checking protector work of the present invention.
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