CN102252943B - Method for measuring critical contact angle after interface impact by fogdrop and judging adhesion condition - Google Patents

Method for measuring critical contact angle after interface impact by fogdrop and judging adhesion condition Download PDF

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CN102252943B
CN102252943B CN 201110115453 CN201110115453A CN102252943B CN 102252943 B CN102252943 B CN 102252943B CN 201110115453 CN201110115453 CN 201110115453 CN 201110115453 A CN201110115453 A CN 201110115453A CN 102252943 B CN102252943 B CN 102252943B
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interface
droplet
contact angle
fogdrop
measuring
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CN102252943A (en
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贾卫东
李成
薛飞
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Jiangsu University
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Jiangsu University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for measuring the critical contact angle after the interface impact by fogdrop and judging the adhesion condition thereof, belonging to the field of agricultural spray test. The method can be used for measuring the critical contact angle after the interface impact by a fogdrop and judging the adhesion condition thereof. In the invention, a densimeter is used for measuring the density of the fogdrop liquid, a viscometer is used for measuring the dynamic viscosity of the liquid, a phase Doppler particle analyzer is used for measuring the diameter and the speed of the fogdrop before interface impact (or the diameter, the speed of the fogdrop before interface impact, and the contact angle of the fogdrop on the interface can be obtained through adopting a high speed digital camera combined with image processing), a surface tensiometer is used for measuring the surface tension of the liquid, then the critical contact angle of the fogdrop after the interface impact can be obtained indirectly through all measurements. A common contact angle measuring instrument for measuring the contact angle of the fogdrop on the interface is also needed if the phase Doppler particle analyzer is adopted. The fogdrop adhering condition is obtained through comparing the contact angle of the fogdrop on the interface with the critical contact angle, and therefore the whole spray performance is accurately reflected so as to guide the spraying operation.

Description

Droplet clashes into the critical contact angular measurement behind the interface and differentiates the method that whether adheres to
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural spraying technical field of measurement and test, refer in particular to and a kind ofly clash into the critical contact angular measurement behind the interface and differentiate the method whether it adheres to for droplet.
Background technology
In agricultural spraying technical field of measurement and test, contact angle refers to be attached to the droplet of blade surface, formed angle when the tangent line at its gas, liquid interface (interface of air and droplet) and the tangent line at solid, liquid interface (interface of blade and droplet) are clipped in droplet wherein; As shown in Figure 1, the process that droplet clashes into the interface comprises: droplet spatial movement (state 1), droplet is (state 2 on the target interface, can be subdivided into again that interface contact, level are sprawled, deformation is sprawled, form stand sheet four-stage), adhesion, bounce-back or three kinds of situations of splash (state 3) appear after clashing into the interface; Droplet clashes into the deformation process that critical contact angle behind the interface refers to that droplet forms from contact interface to the stand sheet, it is in and adheres to interface or the contact angle under the critical condition of interface bounce-back (splash), according to the size at critical contact angle and in conjunction with droplet the contact angle on the interface (in accompanying drawing 1
Figure 537165DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
) size can determine and whether adhere to after droplet clashes into the interface; For agricultural spraying, more whole pulverability is better to stick to droplet on the blade interface, therefore droplet is clashed into critical contact angle behind the interface and measure and differentiate it and whether adhere to the overall performance that can reflect agricultural spraying, thereby help to instruct spraying operation; Present droplet clashes into the critical contact angular measurement behind the interface and differentiates its method that whether adheres to and also occurs, and the method based on image extraction drop profile that extensively adopts during the contact angle of droplet on blade is measured can only be measured static state or the transient state contact angle of droplet, therefore, be necessary a kind of effective ways of exploitation place, to fill up this blank.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the deficiency that exists for prior art, provide and a kind ofly clash into the critical contact angular measurement behind the interface and differentiate the method whether it adheres to for droplet.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions, droplet clashes into the critical contact angular measurement behind the interface and differentiates the method whether it adheres to, and the method comprises the steps:
(1) measure the droplet fluid density by densitometer
Figure 316220DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
(2) plant leaf to be measured is fixed in the stability to keep measuring on objective table, utilizes prior art, as measuring fogdrop diameter with Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer
Figure 650381DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Clash into velocity magnitude before the interface with droplet
Figure 585582DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
(Jia Weidong, Qiu Baijing, Shi Aiping, etc. the experiment of agricultural high-voltage electrostatic spraying field. agricultural mechanical journal 2007,38 (12): 66-69), also can adopt high speed digital camera combining image to process and obtain simultaneously fogdrop diameter
Figure 321588DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
, droplet clashes into velocity magnitude before the interface
Figure 883544DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Contact angle size with droplet on the interface
Figure 767318DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(3) measured the surface tension of droplet liquid by surface tension instrument
Figure 562668DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
(4) by the kinetic viscosity of viscometer determining droplet liquid
Figure 464765DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
(5) by the result in the 1st, the 2nd, the 3rd step, calculate droplet weber number under above-mentioned condition according to following formula
Figure 381643DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
:
Figure 487133DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
（1）
(6) by the result in the 1st, the 2nd, the 4th step, calculate droplet Reynolds number under above-mentioned condition according to following formula :
（2）
(7) by the result in the 5th, the 6th step, calculate critical contact angle after droplet clashes into the interface according to following formula
Figure 396072DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
:
Figure 192121DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
（3）
(8) if adopt Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer to measure fogdrop diameter and clash into velocity magnitude before the interface, also to measure the contact angle size of droplet on the interface by common contact angle measurement
Figure 649647DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
, will
Figure 634658DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
With
Figure 476362DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Compare, if
Figure 494128DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
, deposition of droplets is in the blade interface, on the contrary droplet bounce-back or splash.
The invention has the advantages that: measurement result is reliable, method of discrimination is simple, measure the droplet fluid density by densitometer respectively, the kinetic viscosity of viscometer determining droplet liquid, Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer measures simultaneously fogdrop diameter and droplet clashes into velocity magnitude (or employing high speed digital camera is taken, and the combining image processing obtains fogdrop diameter simultaneously, droplet clashes into velocity magnitude and the contact angle size of droplet on the interface before the interface) before the interface, the surface tension of surface tension instrument mensuration droplet liquid; By above each measured critical contact angle that indirectly draws after droplet clashes into the interface, also need measure the contact angle size of droplet on the interface with common contact angle measurement if adopt Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer, this contact angle and critical contact angle are compared whether to draw deposition of droplets, thus in the method to the simple accuracy of required measurement result and the reliability of differentiation of having guaranteed of measurement of above each amount.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 droplet clashes into the interface process schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 adopts Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer to measure the schematic diagram that fogdrop diameter and droplet clash into velocity magnitude before the interface;
Fig. 3 adopt Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer measure fogdrop diameter and droplet clash into velocity magnitude before the interface measuring point distribute and illustrate;
The droplet that Fig. 4 obtains by embodiment 1 operation clashes into critical contact angle and the contact angles situation on the interface behind the interface;
Fig. 5 adopts high speed digital camera combining image process to measure the schematic diagram that fogdrop diameter and droplet clash into velocity magnitude before the interface;
The droplet that Fig. 6 obtains by embodiment 2 operations clashes into critical contact angle and the size of the contact angle on the interface thereof behind the interface;
Have in Fig. 2: probe 2, plant leaf 3, objective table 4, Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer acceptance probe 5, Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer processor 6, PC 7 occur in shower nozzle 1, Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer laser
Have in Fig. 5: PC (containing image processing software) 8, high speed digital camera stand 9, high speed digital camera lens 10, dynamic single droplet generator 11, plant leaf 12, objective table 13, high speed digital camera light source 14.
Embodiment
The present invention is a kind ofly clashed into the critical contact angular measurement behind the interface and differentiates the method whether it adheres to for droplet, below in conjunction with description of drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention, is beneficial to further understand the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Fig. 2 is for adopting Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer to measure the schematic diagram that fogdrop diameter and droplet clash into velocity magnitude before the interface, comprises that shower nozzle, Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer laser are popped one's head in, plant leaf, objective table, Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer acceptance probe, Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer processor, PC; Probe 2 occurs and is connected with Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer processor 6 with Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer acceptance probe 5 in described Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer laser, and this Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer processor 6 is connected with PC 7 again.
The embodiment of embodiment 1 is as follows:
(1) measure spraying liquid density by densitometer
Figure 112935DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
(2) plant leaf to be measured is fixed in the stability to keep measuring on objective table, select perpendicular with the spray field center line and press close to the measurement section of plant leaf surface, the probe laser beam that sends and the intersection of measuring section for being occured in slotted line by Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer laser, avoid the palmate vein sent by phyllopodium when selecting measuring point on slotted line, can't capture irregular bounce-back droplet to avoid irregular interface to cause Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer to accept probe;
(3) after open phase Doppler particle analyser, spray, by the Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer processor, the data of accepting probe and obtaining are processed, draw each measuring point place fogdrop diameter
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE014A
Clash into velocity magnitude before the interface with droplet
Figure 339736DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
(4) measured the surface tension of spraying liquid by surface tension instrument
Figure 349411DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
(5) by the kinetic viscosity of viscometer determining spraying liquid
(6) by the result in the 1st, the 3rd, the 4th step, calculate droplet weber number under above-mentioned condition according to following formula :
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE016A
（1）
(7) by the result in the 1st, the 3rd, the 5th step, calculate droplet Reynolds number under above-mentioned condition according to following formula
Figure 232232DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
:
（2）
(8) after droplet clashes into the interface, in the deformation process that the stand sheet forms, because viscous dissipation produces corresponding energy loss
Figure 746828DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
, list its formula:
Figure 474875DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
（3）
In formula
Figure 526620DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
Be deformation ratio, by formula
Figure 129640DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
Determine, wherein The maximum gauge that paves and have in the interface for droplet;
(9) list droplet from contact interface until form the surface energy that has the sheet process of stand
Figure 363404DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
Formula:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE024A
（4）
In formula For rigidly connecting, droplet touches the instantaneous contact angle size in plant leaf interface;
(10) the deformation process that droplet forms from contact interface to the stand sheet, if the energy loss value greater than the surface can, deposition of droplets is in the interface, otherwise bounce-back (splash), and deposition of droplets is listed in the condition at blade interface:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
（5）
It adheres to the critical condition of interface or bounce-back (splash):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE026A
（6）
With in formula (3), (4) substitution formula (5) and (6) and conversion can get:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
（7）
Droplet clashes into the critical contact angle behind the interface
Figure 820676DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
Computing formula:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE027A
（8）
(8) formula is brought into can get deposition of droplets in (7) formula in the method for discrimination at blade interface:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE028A
（9）
(11) can draw the size at critical contact angle in the substitution formula as a result (8) with the 6th, the 7th step
Figure 956471DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
(12) measure the contact angle size of droplet on the interface by common contact angle measurement If,
Figure 26320DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
, deposition of droplets is in the blade interface, on the contrary droplet bounce-back or splash.
Fig. 4 has provided the droplet that obtains by embodiment 1 operation and has clashed into critical contact angle and the contact angles situation on the interface behind the interface, provide each measuring point under the 0.3MPa working pressure in this figure and be in the number that contact angle on the interface is greater than or less than the droplet at critical contact angle, droplet contact angle size on the interface derives from the measured data of common contact angle measurement, each droplet critical contact angle size derives from the angle value that 1 operation obtains according to embodiment, adheres to the interface when in figure, the contact angle of each measuring point place's droplet on the interface is less than the critical contact angle.
Embodiment 2:
Fig. 5 comprises PC (containing image processing software), high speed digital camera stand, high speed digital camera lens, dynamic single droplet generator, plant leaf, objective table, high speed digital camera light source for adopting high speed digital camera combining image to process to measure fogdrop diameter and droplet to clash into the schematic diagram of velocity magnitude before the interface; Described high speed digital camera lens 10 can slide front and back on high speed digital camera stand 9, and is connected with PC (containing image processing software) 8 by data line, and described objective table 13 can move up and down.Described high speed digital camera light source 14 is fixed on high speed digital camera stand 9.
The embodiment of embodiment 2 is as follows:
(1) measure the droplet fluid density by densitometer
Figure 233749DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
(2) choose the part that has regular interface on blade to be measured and this partial blade is fixed in the stability to keep measuring on objective table, selecting the plant leaf surface is high speed digital camera sample area for sampling baseline, the zone of pressing close to the plant leaf surface;
(3) open high speed digital camera and dynamic single droplet generator, the droplet that dynamic single droplet generator is sent by the high speed digital camera is sampled and the combining image process software is processed sampled result, draws this fogdrop diameter
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE014AA
, droplet clashes into velocity magnitude before the interface
Figure 448347DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Contact angle size with droplet on the interface
Figure 738514DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(4) measured the surface tension of droplet liquid by surface tension instrument
Figure 163285DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
(5) by the kinetic viscosity of viscometer determining droplet liquid
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE015AA
(6) by the result in the 1st, the 3rd, the 4th step, calculate droplet weber number under above-mentioned condition according to following formula
Figure 856347DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE016AA
（10）
(7) by the result in the 1st, the 3rd, the 5th step, calculate droplet Reynolds number under above-mentioned condition according to following formula
Figure 658388DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE017AA
（11）
(8) after droplet clashes into the interface, in the deformation process that the stand sheet forms, because viscous dissipation produces corresponding energy loss , list its formula:
Figure 992942DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
（12）
In formula
Figure 670173DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
Be deformation ratio, by formula Determine, wherein
Figure 692148DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
The maximum gauge that paves and have in the interface for droplet;
(9) list droplet from contact interface until form the surface energy that has the sheet process of stand
Figure 645323DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
Formula:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
（13）
In formula
Figure 882005DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
The actual contact angle size for droplet on the interface;
(10) the deformation process that droplet forms from contact interface to the stand sheet, if the energy loss value greater than the surface can, deposition of droplets is in the interface, otherwise bounce-back (splash), and deposition of droplets is listed in the condition at blade interface:
（14）
It adheres to the critical condition of interface or bounce-back:
（15）
With in formula (12), (13) substitution formula (14) and (15) and conversion can get:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE027AA
（16）
Droplet clashes into the critical contact angle behind the interface
Figure 960777DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
Computing formula:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE027AAA
（17）
(17) formula is brought into can get deposition of droplets in (16) formula in the condition at blade interface:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE028AA
（18）
(11) can draw the size at critical contact angle in the substitution formula as a result (17) with the 6th, the 7th step
Figure 365607DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
, will
Figure 360238DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
With
Figure 877807DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Compare, if
Figure 417828DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
, deposition of droplets is in the blade interface, on the contrary droplet bounce-back or splash.
Fig. 6 operates acquisition for pressing embodiment 2 droplet clashes into critical contact angle and the size of the contact angle on the interface thereof behind the interface, the single droplet that uses high speed digital camera combining image to process the to obtain contact angle on the interface and the size at critical contact angle have been provided by measuring sequence in this figure, each single droplet of measuring derives from single droplet generator, adheres to the interface when in figure, the contact angle of droplet on the interface is less than the critical contact angle.

Claims (1)

1. droplet clashes into the critical contact angular measurement behind the interface and differentiates the method whether it adheres to, and the method comprises the steps:
(1) measure the droplet fluid density by densitometer
Figure 2011101154535100001DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
(2) plant leaf to be measured is fixed in the stability to keep measuring on objective table, utilizes Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer to measure fogdrop diameter
Figure 2011101154535100001DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Clash into velocity magnitude before the interface with droplet
Figure 2011101154535100001DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
, or adopt the processing of high speed digital camera combining image to obtain simultaneously fogdrop diameter
Figure 731472DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
, droplet clashes into velocity magnitude before the interface
Figure 274711DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
Contact angle size with droplet on the interface
Figure 2011101154535100001DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
(3) measured the surface tension of droplet liquid by surface tension instrument
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
(4) by the kinetic viscosity of viscometer determining droplet liquid
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
(5) by the result in the 1st, the 2nd, the 3rd step, calculate droplet weber number under above-mentioned condition according to following formula
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
（1）
(6) by the result in the 1st, the 2nd, the 4th step, calculate droplet Reynolds number under above-mentioned condition according to following formula
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
（2）
(7) by the result in the 5th, the 6th step, calculate critical contact angle after droplet clashes into the interface according to following formula
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
（3）
(8) if adopt Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer to measure fogdrop diameter and clash into velocity magnitude before the interface, also to measure the contact angle size of droplet on the interface by common contact angle measurement
Figure 481878DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
, will
Figure 1721DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
With
Figure 632072DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
Compare, if
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
, deposition of droplets is in the blade interface, on the contrary droplet bounce-back or splash.
CN 201110115453 2011-05-05 2011-05-05 Method for measuring critical contact angle after interface impact by fogdrop and judging adhesion condition Expired - Fee Related CN102252943B (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5503005A (en) * 1994-09-09 1996-04-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Dual side plant leaf washer and immersion cell
CN101539502A (en) * 2009-04-30 2009-09-23 清华大学 Method for measuring liquid-drop contact angle on solid surface and device thereof
CN101865807A (en) * 2010-04-15 2010-10-20 上海梭伦信息科技有限公司 Apparatus and method for testing solid-liquid dynamic and static contact angles by actual liquid droplet method

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5503005A (en) * 1994-09-09 1996-04-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Dual side plant leaf washer and immersion cell
CN101539502A (en) * 2009-04-30 2009-09-23 清华大学 Method for measuring liquid-drop contact angle on solid surface and device thereof
CN101865807A (en) * 2010-04-15 2010-10-20 上海梭伦信息科技有限公司 Apparatus and method for testing solid-liquid dynamic and static contact angles by actual liquid droplet method

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