CN102251206A - Electrospark deposition-based preparation method of diamond abrasive particle layer - Google Patents
Electrospark deposition-based preparation method of diamond abrasive particle layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102251206A CN102251206A CN2010101786687A CN201010178668A CN102251206A CN 102251206 A CN102251206 A CN 102251206A CN 2010101786687 A CN2010101786687 A CN 2010101786687A CN 201010178668 A CN201010178668 A CN 201010178668A CN 102251206 A CN102251206 A CN 102251206A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electrospark deposition-based preparation method of a diamond abrasive particle layer. An electrode is arranged at a side of a workpiece. The workpiece is connected with a positive pole of a pulse power supply. The electrode is connected with a negative pole of the pulse power supply. Operating fluid is injected into a gap between the workpiece and the electrode during deposition. The electrode is a compression powder electrode. The method comprises the following steps that 1, the pulse power supply is turned on; a discharge voltage is maintained in a range of 70 to 90V; a discharge current is maintained in a range of 1.5 to 9 A; an electrical impulse width is maintained in a range of 20 to 60 microseconds; and a discharge impulse interval is maintained in a range of 25 to 90 microseconds, and 2, the operating fluid is sprayed to the gap; the pulse power supply produces discharge impulses; and compression powder of the compression powder electrode is deposited on the surface of the a workpiece to form an abrasive particle deposition layer. The method can prepare a diamond abrasive particle layer fast on an electrospark machine tool. Through the method, the circumferential surface of an old metal based grinding wheel is deposited with an abrasive particle layer, thus the problems of ultra-hard grinding wheel remanufacturing and green recycling are solved. The method is an economic and environmentally friendly remanufacturing technology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to use a kind of compression powder electrode that contains diamond abrasive grain to be used for the process for electric spark deposition preparation of diamond abrasive grain layer.
Background technology
Electrical spark working comes a kind of working method of ablation workpiece surface material man-hour by the high temperature of the Pulsed Discharge between workpiece and the electrode.Electric spark deposition then is the reverse processing of conventional electrospark machining, electric spark deposition is by the spark discharge effect, electro-conductive material infiltration in the electrode is entered the top layer of metallic matrix, form metallurgical binding, make the physical chemistry and the improved a kind of technology of mechanical property of matrix surface with mother metal.The electric spark deposition technology is not only improved performances such as the mechanics, metallurgy, physics of material surface, improve the performances such as wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, antifatigue of material, and satisfied in the production field requirement to the material working-surface, reduced the cost in the design of material monolithic homogeneity again, with its unique process characteristic, low as hot input in the strengthening process, metallurgical binding between strengthening layer and matrix, realize the deposition between foreign material easily, electrode materials is selected easily etc., and the electric spark deposition technology is one of the green manufacturing of advanced energy-conservation, material-saving, environmental protection and re-manufacturing technology.
The electric spark deposition technology can classify as two aspects in the application of various fields: the surface modification and the surface strengthening of (1) metallic substance refer to the change or the raising of the characteristic such as wear-resisting, antifatigue to substrate material surface; (2) reparation of Surface Flaw also is useful on the reparation of part and manufacturing again, and to prolong the life-span of part, the thickness of settled layer is less than 0.1mm at present.
In the prior art, electric spark deposition can only be realized the deposition between metallic substance and the metallic substance usually, can not realize the electric spark deposition between metallic substance and the non-metallic material.How improving the thickness of settled layer, how to realize the electric spark deposition between metallic substance and the non-metallic material, is an important technological problems that is worth discussion in the electric spark deposition technology.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiency that existing electric spark deposition technology can not realize the electric spark deposition between metallic substance and the non-metallic material, the present invention aims to provide a kind of process for electric spark deposition preparation of diamond abrasive grain layer, this method can be on metallic matrix fast deposition one deck bonding strength height, have the diamond abrasive grain layer of certain deposit thickness, can also be used for the manufacturing again of old metallic matrix emery wheel, expand electric spark deposition The Application of Technology scope.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: the process for electric spark deposition preparation of described diamond abrasive grain layer, adopt spark-erosion machine tool to prepare the diamond abrasive grain layer, be provided with electrode in workpiece one side, this workpiece links to each other with a positive pole that can produce the pulse power of discharge pulse, described electrode links to each other with the negative pole of this pulse power, during deposition working fluid injected workpiece and gaps between electrodes, it is characterized in that described electrode is the compression powder electrode that is formed through excess pressure compacting and sintering by diamond abrasive grain and metal-powder; The step of described method is:
The unbalanced pulse power supply, the maintenance sparking voltage is 70V～90V, and discharging current is 1.5A～9A, and the discharge pulse width is 20 μ s～60 μ s, and the discharge pulse gap is 25 μ s～90 μ s; Working fluid is watered in spray to described gap, and the pulse power produces discharge pulse, the compression powder of electrode is deposited to workpiece surface form the wear particle deposition layer.
Above-mentioned discharge depositing processing condition scope is preferably: discharging current is 3A～6A, and the discharge pulse width is 20 μ s～40 μ s, and the discharge pulse gap is 25 μ s～50 μ s, and the thickness of described wear particle deposition layer is 0.3mm～0.5mm.
Further, described metal-powder is copper powder and cobalt powder, and copper powder in the described compression powder electrode: diamond abrasive grain: the mass percent of cobalt powder is (60～70): (18～22): (12～18), copper powder in the compression powder electrode: diamond abrasive grain: the mass percent of cobalt powder is (60～70): (18～22): (12～18), the cobalt powder particle diameter is 3～5 μ m, copper powder size is 120～180 μ m, the diamond abrasive grain particle diameter is 80 μ m～150 μ m, pressing pressure is 80MPa～100MPa, 650 ℃～800 ℃ of the sintering temperatures of compression powder electrode, with copper powder, diamond abrasive grain and cobalt powder by above-mentioned mass ratio mix the back repressed and in rare gas element sintering be made into compression powder electrode, the electrode density behind the sintering is 6.63～6.92g/cm
3
Further, the metal-powder in the described compression powder electrode also can be silver powder and cobalt powder (5), with diamond abrasive grain repressed and in rare gas element sintering be made into compression powder electrode.Silver powder in the compression powder electrode: diamond abrasive grain: the mass percent of cobalt powder is (55～65): (20～25): (15～20), the cobalt powder particle diameter is 3～5 μ m, the silver powder particle diameter is 50～100 μ m, the diamond abrasive grain particle diameter is 80 μ m～150 μ m, pressing pressure is 75MPa～90MPa, 650 ℃～750 ℃ of the sintering temperatures of compression powder electrode, the electrode density behind the sintering is 6.82～7.15g/cm
3
Further, the metal-powder in the described compression powder electrode also can be copper powder (3) and nickel powder, with diamond abrasive grain repressed and in rare gas element sintering be made into compression powder electrode.Copper powder in the compression powder electrode: diamond abrasive grain: the mass percent of nickel powder is (60～68): (18～22): (12～20), the nickel powder particle diameter is 5～8 μ m, copper powder size is 120～180 μ m, the diamond abrasive grain particle diameter is 80 μ m～150 μ m, pressing pressure is 80MPa～100MPa, 650 ℃～800 ℃ of the sintering temperatures of compression powder electrode, the electrode density behind the sintering is 6.75～7.18g/cm
3
Described working fluid is the special-purpose kerosene of electrospark machining, has good insulativity and fire resistance.
Further, described workpiece is a rotatable metal matrix emery wheel, and the discharge pulse that the pulse power produces can be deposited on the compression powder of compression powder electrode on the metallic matrix emery wheel circumferential surface, can be applicable to old metallic matrix emery wheel is made and green the recovery again.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention can prepare the diamond abrasive grain layer quickly on spark-erosion machine tool, with the bonding strength height of workpiece and have certain thickness, using the present invention can be at old metallic matrix emery wheel circumferential surface deposition one deck abrasive grain layer, to solve the manufacturing again and the green recycling problem of hard grinding wheel, be a kind of green remanufacturing technology of economic environmental protection.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of embodiment of equipment therefor of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the section SEM figure of settled layer among the embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is the diamond abrasive grain areal map of analytical sampling among the embodiment 1;
Fig. 4 is the energy spectrum analysis figure of diamond abrasive grain C element among the embodiment 1;
Fig. 5 is the C distribution diagram of element of ultimate analysis sample area among the embodiment 1;
Fig. 6 is the Co distribution diagram of element of ultimate analysis sample area among the embodiment 1;
Fig. 7 is the Cu distribution diagram of element of ultimate analysis sample area among the embodiment 1.
In the drawings
The 1-workpiece; 2-wear particle deposition layer; The 3-copper powder;
The 4-diamond abrasive grain; The 5-cobalt powder; 6-compression powder electrode;
The 7-working fluid; The 8-pulse power.
Embodiment
A kind of process for electric spark deposition preparation of diamond abrasive grain layer, adopt spark-erosion machine tool to prepare the diamond abrasive grain layer, as shown in Figure 1, be provided with electrode 6 in workpiece 1 one sides, the positive pole that this workpiece 1 and can produce the pulse power 8 of discharge pulse links to each other, described electrode 6 links to each other with the negative pole of this pulse power 8, during deposition working fluid 7 is injected the gap between workpiece 1 and the electrode 6, and described electrode 6 is through the excess pressure compacting compression powder electrode that forms of sintering also by diamond abrasive grain 4 and metal-powder; The step of described method is:
Unbalanced pulse power supply 8, the maintenance sparking voltage is 70V～90V, and discharging current is 1.5A～9A, and the discharge pulse width is 20 μ s～60 μ s, and the discharge pulse gap is 25 μ s～90 μ s; Water working fluid to the spray of described gap, the pulse power 8 produces discharge pulse, the compression powder that compresses powder electrode 6 is deposited to workpiece 1 surface form wear particle deposition layer 2.
Described metal-powder is copper powder 3 and cobalt powder 5, and copper powder 3 in the described compression powder electrode: diamond abrasive grain 4: the mass percent of cobalt powder 5 is (60-70): (18～22): (12～18), the cobalt powder particle diameter is 3～5 μ m, copper powder size is 120～180 μ m, the diamond abrasive grain particle diameter is 80 μ m～150 μ m, pressing pressure is 80MPa～100MPa, 650 ℃～800 ℃ of the sintering temperatures of compression powder electrode, and the electrode density behind the sintering is 6.63～6.92g/cm
3
Described working fluid 7 is the special-purpose kerosene of electrospark machining, has good insulativity and fire resistance.
The electric spark deposition preparation technology method experiment of diamond abrasive grain layer of the present invention is carried out on the SUTE of National University of Defense technology spark-erosion machine tool; the compression powder electrode 6 that contains diamond abrasive grain 4 that used compression powder electrode 6 is studied voluntarily by Hunan University country high efficient grinding Engineering Technical Research Centre and ceramic research institute; by copper powder 3; diamond abrasive grain 4 and cobalt powder 5 are (60-70) by mass percentage: (18～22): after mix (12～18); repressed and sintering is manufactured moulding; pressing pressure is 80-100MPa; sintering temperature is controlled between 650 ℃-800 ℃, and logical rare gas element is protected.Workpiece material adopts common 45# steel.The processing of employing negative polarity, compression powder electrode 6 connects negative pole, and workpiece connects anodal.
The present invention has carried out experimental study to the electric spark deposition preparation technology method of diamond abrasive grain layer, has obtained a large amount of testing datas, and analysis, comparison and arrangement by to data have drawn following test-results.
1) positive and negative polarity is processed the influence to diamond abrasive grain layer deposit thickness:
Electrode prescription of the same race is all adopted in experiment, deposition 15min gained in the kerosene medium, and experimental result shows, under identical electrical parameter, adopt electric spark deposition to prepare the diamond abrasive grain layer, negative polarity processing sedimentation effect can be obtained effect (seeing Table 1) preferably much larger than the straight polarity sedimentation effect.
The positive and negative polarity processing of table 1 is to the influence of diamond abrasive grain layer deposit thickness
Polarity discharge current pulse width-pulse gap discharge voltage deposit thickness
(A) (μs) (μs) (V) (mm)
Positive 1.5 40 25 80 0.02
Negative 1.5 40 25 80 0.07
Positive 3 20 25 80 0.04
Negative 3 20 25 80 0.1
Positive 4.5 20 25 80 0.04
Negative 4.5 20 25 80 0.16
2) size of current is to the influence of deposit thickness:
Electrode prescription of the same race is all adopted in experiment, negative polarity processing deposition 15min gained in the kerosene medium, and experimental result shows, under the constant situation of other discharge parameters, discharging current---sedimentation effect is parabolic distribution (seeing Table 2).
Table 2 size of current is to the influence of deposit thickness
3) the discharge pulse width is to the influence of deposit thickness:
Electrode prescription of the same race is all adopted in experiment, negative polarity processing deposition 15min gained in the kerosene medium, and experimental result shows, under the constant situation of other electrical parameters, discharge pulse width and discharging current have contact closely, and the suitable parameters collocation just can obtain ideal deposition effect (table 3).
Table 3 pulse width is to the influence of deposit thickness
Discharge current pulse width-pulse gap discharge voltage deposit thickness
(A) (μs) (μs) (V) (mm)
1.5 20 25 80 0.07
1.5 60 25 80 0.09
4.5 20 25 80 0.16
4.5 60 25 80 0.12
9 20 25 80 0.11
9 60 25 80 0.08
4) the discharge pulse gap is to the influence of deposit thickness:
Electrode prescription of the same race is all adopted in experiment, negative polarity processing deposition 15min gained in the kerosene medium, and experimental result shows that constant at other electrical parameters, the increase in discharge pulse gap has reduced sedimentation effect (seeing Table 4).
Table 4 inter-train pause is to the influence of deposit thickness
Discharge current pulse width-pulse gap discharge voltage deposit thickness
(A) (μs) (μs) (V) (mm)
1.5 60 90 80 0.06
1.5 60 70 80 0.07
1.5 60 25 80 0.09
6 20 90 80 0.11
6 20 70 80 0.12
6 20 25 80 0.16
Because when high pressure deposits, be easy to generate carbonization phenomenon, so sparking voltage low pressure 80V more preferably.The cutter lifting gap of servo control mechanism is provided with more greatly, helps improving sedimentation effect.
Above experimental result is analyzed, adopted regression analysis can determine the discharge depositing processing parameter of optimizing, its scope is: discharging current: 3A-6A, discharge pulse width: 20 μ s-40 μ s, discharge pulse gap: 25-50 μ s, sparking voltage: 70V-90V, more preferably 80V.
Adopt the deposition process parameters after optimizing to prepare the diamond abrasive grain layer, carried out experimental verification, depositing time is 90-120min, and the thickness of settled layer can reach 0.3mm-0.5mm.After the section of exemplar settled layer polished, adopt scanning electronic microscope (SEM) to observe energy spectrum analysis with element, the result is as follows:
Fig. 2 is the section SEM figure of settled layer, can observe that black partly has the diamond shape in the settled layer, and deposit thickness is 0.3mm-0.5mm, and settled layer combines closely with the matrix mother metal.
Adopt scanning electron microscope that the elemental composition in the settled layer has been carried out qualitative analysis, Fig. 3 is diamond abrasive grain 4 zones of analytical sampling, and Fig. 4 is energy spectrum analysis figure, and the main component in analytical sampling zone is the C element.
Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are the elemental distribution of ultimate analysis sample area, and Fig. 5 has shown that the C element is distributed in central authorities, divide correspondingly with the black part among Fig. 3, and adamantine composition is exactly a carbon, can prove that the black in the settled layer partly is exactly diamond abrasive grain 4.Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 shown respectively Co and Cu be deposited on diamond abrasive grain 4 around, the elemental composition that can draw in the settled layer is identical with the element of compression powder electrode 6.
After the elemental composition of settled layer is carried out qualitative analysis, can illustrate that the material in the compressed powder body electrode 6 can prepare the diamond abrasive grain layer by the spark discharge deposition, this processing method and processing parameter are feasible.
Described workpiece 1 is a rotatable metal matrix emery wheel, the compression powder that the discharge pulse that the pulse power 8 produces will compress powder electrode 6 is deposited on the metallic matrix emery wheel circumferential surface, can be applicable to old metallic matrix emery wheel is made and green the recovery again, is a kind of green remanufacturing technology of economic environmental protection.
Metal-powder in the described compression powder electrode is silver powder and cobalt powder 5, with diamond abrasive grain repressed and in rare gas element sintering be made into the compression powder, and silver powder in the described compression powder electrode: diamond abrasive grain: the mass percent of cobalt powder is (55～65): (20～25): (15～20), the cobalt powder particle diameter is 3～5 μ m, the silver powder particle diameter is 50～100 μ m, the diamond abrasive grain particle diameter is 80 μ m～150 μ m, pressing pressure is 75MPa～90MPa, 650 ℃～750 ℃ of the sintering temperatures of compression powder electrode, the electrode density behind the sintering is 6.82～7.15g/cm
3
Concrete preparation method is identical with embodiment 1 with other processing condition, does not repeat them here.
Metal-powder in the described compression powder electrode is copper powder 3 and nickel powder, with diamond abrasive grain repressed and in rare gas element sintering be made into the compression powder, and copper powder in the described compression powder electrode: diamond abrasive grain: the mass percent of nickel powder is (60～68): (18～22): (12～20), the nickel powder particle diameter is 5～8 μ m, copper powder size is 120～180 μ m, the diamond abrasive grain particle diameter is 80 μ m～150 μ m, pressing pressure is 80MPa～100MPa, 650 ℃～800 ℃ of the sintering temperatures of compression powder electrode, the electrode density behind the sintering is 6.75～7.18g/cm
3
Concrete preparation method is identical with embodiment 1 with other processing condition, does not repeat them here.
Claims (8)
1. the process for electric spark deposition preparation of a diamond abrasive grain layer, be provided with electrode (6) in workpiece (1) one side, the positive pole that this workpiece (1) and can produce the pulse power (8) of discharge pulse links to each other, described electrode (6) links to each other with the negative pole of this pulse power (8), during deposition working fluid (7) injected the gap between workpiece (1) and the electrode (6), it is characterized in that described electrode (6) is the compression powder electrode that is formed through excess pressure compacting and sintering by diamond abrasive grain (4) and metal-powder; The step of described method is:
Unbalanced pulse power supply (8), the maintenance sparking voltage is 70V～90V, and discharging current is 1.5A～9A, and the discharge pulse width is 20 μ s～60 μ s, and the discharge pulse gap is 25 μ s～90 μ s; Working fluid is watered in spray to described gap, and the pulse power (8) produces discharge pulse, the compression powder of electrode (6) is deposited to workpiece (1) surface form wear particle deposition layer (2).
2. the process for electric spark deposition preparation of diamond abrasive grain layer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described discharge depositing processing condition scope is preferably: sparking voltage is 80V, discharging current is 3A～6A, the discharge pulse width is 20 μ s～40 μ s, and the discharge pulse gap is 25 μ s～50 μ s.
3. the process for electric spark deposition preparation of diamond abrasive grain layer according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described metal-powder is copper powder (3) and cobalt powder (5), and copper powder (3) in the described compression powder electrode: diamond abrasive grain (4): the mass percent of cobalt powder (5) is (60～70): (18～22): (12～18), cobalt powder (3) particle diameter is 3 μ m～5 μ m, copper powder (3) particle diameter is 120 μ m～180 μ m, the diamond abrasive grain particle diameter is 80 μ m～150 μ m, pressing pressure is 80MPa～100MPa, 650 ℃～800 ℃ of the sintering temperatures of compression powder electrode, the electrode density behind the sintering is 6.63g/cm
3～6.92g/cm
3
4. the process for electric spark deposition preparation of diamond abrasive grain layer according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described metal-powder is silver powder and cobalt powder (5), and silver powder in the described compression powder electrode: diamond abrasive grain: the mass percent of cobalt powder is (55～65): (20～25): (15～20), the cobalt powder particle diameter is 3 μ m～5 μ m, the silver powder particle diameter is 50 μ m～100 μ m, the diamond abrasive grain particle diameter is 80 μ m～150 μ m, pressing pressure is 75MPa～90MPa, 650 ℃～750 ℃ of the sintering temperatures of compression powder electrode, the electrode density behind the sintering is 6.82g/cm
3～7.15g/cm
3
5. the process for electric spark deposition preparation of diamond abrasive grain layer according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described metal-powder is copper powder (3) and nickel powder, and copper powder in the described compression powder electrode: diamond abrasive grain: the mass percent of nickel powder is (60～68): (18～22): (12～20), the nickel powder particle diameter is 5 μ m～8 μ m, copper powder size is 120 μ m～180 μ m, the diamond abrasive grain particle diameter is 80 μ m～150 μ m, pressing pressure is 80MPa～100MPa, 650 ℃～800 ℃ of the sintering temperatures of compression powder electrode, the electrode density behind the sintering is 6.75g/cm
3～7.18g/cm
3
6. the process for electric spark deposition preparation of diamond abrasive grain layer according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described working fluid (7) is the special-purpose kerosene of electrospark machining.
7. the process for electric spark deposition preparation of diamond abrasive grain layer according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the thickness of described wear particle deposition layer (2) is 0.3mm～0.5mm.
8. the process for electric spark deposition preparation of diamond abrasive grain layer according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described workpiece (1) is the metallic matrix emery wheel.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106521393A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-03-22 | 常州大学 | Coating preparation method and device based on electric spark discharge |
| CN111020572A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-04-17 | 山东大学 | Electric spark deposition diamond wire saw wire production device |
| CN111058039A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-04-24 | 南昌航空大学 | Ceramic particle planting process based on spark discharge |
| CN112247863A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-22 | 江苏韦尔博新材料科技有限公司 | Remanufacturing process of brazed diamond grinding wheel |
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| JPH09254042A (en) * | 1996-03-15 | 1997-09-30 | Symtec:Kk | Grinding wheel for cutting groove and manufacture thereof |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106521393A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-03-22 | 常州大学 | Coating preparation method and device based on electric spark discharge |
| CN106521393B (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2018-10-19 | 常州大学 | A kind of coating production and device based on spark discharge |
| CN111020572A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-04-17 | 山东大学 | Electric spark deposition diamond wire saw wire production device |
| CN111020572B (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-09-25 | 山东大学 | Electric spark deposition diamond wire saw wire production device |
| KR20210052213A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-05-10 | 산동 유니버시티 | Electric spark evaporation diamond wire-saw wire production equipment |
| KR102268191B1 (en) | 2019-10-31 | 2021-06-22 | 산동 유니버시티 | Electric spark evaporation diamond wire-saw wire production equipment |
| CN111058039A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-04-24 | 南昌航空大学 | Ceramic particle planting process based on spark discharge |
| CN112247863A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-22 | 江苏韦尔博新材料科技有限公司 | Remanufacturing process of brazed diamond grinding wheel |
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Application publication date: 20111123 |