CN102243210A - Portable heavy metal lead, cadmium, and zinc sensor, preparation method thereof, and detection method - Google Patents
Portable heavy metal lead, cadmium, and zinc sensor, preparation method thereof, and detection method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102243210A CN102243210A CN201010172244XA CN201010172244A CN102243210A CN 102243210 A CN102243210 A CN 102243210A CN 201010172244X A CN201010172244X A CN 201010172244XA CN 201010172244 A CN201010172244 A CN 201010172244A CN 102243210 A CN102243210 A CN 102243210A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- cadmium
- heavy metal
- sensor
- electrodes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Abstract
The invention relates to a portable heavy metal lead, cadmium, and zinc sensor, a preparation method thereof, and a detection method. Three electrodes are provided on a polyester film substrate through silk-screen printing. One of the electrodes is a bismuth oxide operation electrode, one is a carbon auxiliary electrode, and the last one is a silver and silver chloride reference electrode. Carbon lead-out wires of the three electrodes are provided on the polyester film substrate through silk-screen printing. The areas on the substrate, except the front portions of the three electrode lead-out wires and the three electrodes, are coated with an insulating layer formed by insulating slurry. The heavy metal sensor with silk-screen printed electrodes has advantages of simple structure, quick detection, low cost, and small sampling volume. The sensor is portable and disposable. With the sensor, simultaneous on-line monitoring of heavy metal lead, cadmium, and zinc ions in environmental water samples can be carried out. Introducing of mercury film electrode is avoided. The detection method has advantages of no pollution, high sensitivity, and good repeatability. The heavy metal sensor is an environment protecting product which ensures the ecological safety of water environment, and the detection method is an environment protecting method.
Description
Technical field
But the present invention relates to portable heavy metal lead, cadmium and zinc sensor and the preparation technology and the detection method of heavy metal ion content in a kind of fast detecting water, belong to technical field of analytical instruments.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of modern civilization and the extensive discharging of industrial waste water, heavy metal pollution is serious day by day, causes human living space and quality of life straight line to descend, and brings out the generation of multiple major disease simultaneously, the serious threat mankind's life.Nervous system is subject to plumbous infringement most, because the blood-brain barrier maturation is later, central nervous system is fragile relatively, and excretory function is perfect inadequately in addition, is subjected to plumbous infringement easily.When children once or in a short time took in a large amount of lead compound, brain tissue produced edema, hemorrhage, hippocampal formation atrophy etc.When children are in the low-level lead ring border, can cause that the brain cell synaptic density reduces.Because lead branch's heterogeneity in brain, atypical symptom such as infant are liked moving ataxia when causing its slow poisoning, and slow in reacting, intelligence development is backward etc.Medical research finds that long-term drinking is subjected to the tap water or the surface water of cadmium pollution, causes injury of kidney, and then causes malacosteon, has aches and pains all over, and is called " itai-itai ".In addition, chronic cadium poisoning is to human body fecundity also influence to some extent, and its meeting major injury Y factor makes the baby of birth mostly be the women.In addition, when eating by the water of zinc pollution, beverage or food, refractory anemia, sexual deterioration, growth delay etc. can take place.Therefore, the sensor of developing heavy metal lead, cadmium and zinc ion in a kind of effectively testing environment has crucial meaning.
The main method of measuring heavy metal lead, cadmium and zinc ion content in the water sample at present has atomic absorption spectrography (AAS), the plasma mass spectroscopy, fluorescence method, spectrophotometric method, chemoluminescence method, yet said method sample preparation complexity is consuming time, simultaneously can not be at the pollution source scene to the heavy metal lead in the waste water, cadmium and zinc ion The real time measure.
Summary of the invention:
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is: solve the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists, for the discharge of wastewater on-line monitoring of industries such as nonferrous metallurgy, electronics, plating, machinery provide a kind of quick, single part operate, be easy to carry, low-cost and simple to operate, use disposable portable heavy metal lead, cadmium and zinc sensor and preparation technology and detection method, reach the control quantity of wastewater effluent and stop the purpose that contamination accident takes place, also can be used for surface water such as cross section of river and detect automatically, guarantee the water environment ecological safety.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: this portable heavy metal lead, cadmium and zinc sensor, and three electrodes of serigraphy on the mylar substrate: one is the bismuth oxide working electrode, and one is the carbon auxiliary electrode, and one is silver and silver chloride contrast electrode; And on the mylar substrate carbon extension line of above-mentioned three electrodes of serigraphy.
In the technique scheme, on the forward part and three electrodes substrate in addition of three electrode carbon extension lines, also being coated with the insulation course that the insulation slurry is printed.
In the technique scheme, described bismuth oxide working electrode is that slurry that bismuth oxide and batch mixing carbon dust, dag and printing ink are made is printed onto that oven dry forms on the mylar.
The preparation technology of portable heavy metal lead of the present invention, cadmium and zinc sensor is: at first bismuth oxide and batch mixing carbon dust, dag and printing ink are made working electrode printing slurry, by screen printing technique preparation and to be printed onto thickness separately be on 250 microns the mylar, place baking oven to dry then, make working electrode, and the carbon electrode lead-in wire of printing carbon auxiliary electrode, silver and silver chloride contrast electrode and three electrodes; Then on the substrate outside above-mentioned working electrode, contrast electrode and the auxiliary electrode, reach three electrode carbon extension line upper surfaces again and apply one decks insulation slurry, insulation course covers the forward part of three electrode carbon extension lines, and insulation course is stretched out in the rear section of each electrode carbon extension line.
Portable heavy metal lead of the present invention, cadmium and the detection method of zinc sensor are: sensor of the present invention is connected with electrochemical workstation; Be used to detect heavy metal lead, cadmium and zinc ion content, in containing 0.05M hydrochloric acid and 0.1M sodium acetate solution, add sample to be tested, solution is immersed in the sensor lower end of printing electrode, adopt the square wave volt-ampere analysis after the enrichment, according to the linear relationship between the concentration of the stripping oxidation peak current that obtains and lead, cadmium and zinc ion, measure the concentration of heavy metal lead, cadmium and zinc ion.
The measuring-signal of the heavy metal electrochemical analysis of prior art is electric signal such as electricity is led, current potential, electric current, electric weight, the conversion that does not need analytic signal is direct record just, so the apparatus of electrochemical analysis is simple, much small-sized, be easy to robotization and analysis continuously.In the check and analysis of sample, electrochemical analysis method be a kind of generally acknowledged fast, sensitive, Measurement and analysis method, and instrument accurately is simple, cheap, can realize that water quality is carried out scene monitors in real time.Development is also developed high sensitivity, can be become the focus of current research simultaneously to the electrochemical sensor of heavy metal lead, cadmium and the online detection of zinc ion.
Serigraphy prepares the sensor electrode technology not only provides the possibility of suitability for industrialized production for the electrochemical sensing of heavy metal ion, and make simple, cheap, be easy to carry, be easy to microminiaturized and integrated.The serigraphy ultimate principle of prior art is: utilize the saturating printing ink of screen printing forme picture and text part mesh, the non-graphic part mesh not ultimate principle of strike through prints.On screen printing forme one end, pour printing ink into during printing, apply certain pressure, move towards the screen printing forme other end simultaneously with the printing ink position of scraper plate on screen printing forme.Printing ink is expressed on the stock from the mesh of picture and text part by scraper plate in moving.Owing to the viscous effect of printing ink makes the trace set within limits, the printing process middle scraper is line with screen printing forme and stock all the time and contacts, osculatory moves with scraper plate and moves, extruding by scraper plate during printing, printing ink is transferred on the stock by the mesh of picture and text part, formed the picture and text the same with original copy.
In the practical application of electrochemical sensor, various mercury electrodes commonly used, mercury self have harm to the mankind and cause the pollution once more of environment; The complicacy of full pattern causes the measurement result sensitivity of sensor lower simultaneously.Disposable sensor of the present invention is used and is made lead, cadmium and zinc ion detection avoid traditional mercury electrode, make the portability of instrument strengthen greatly, can carry out the scene out of doors detects, and realized heavy metal lead in the waste water, cadmium and zinc ion fast detecting, make detection dirigibility on opportunity strengthen greatly.
The present invention compared with prior art, screen printing electrode preparation is simple, easy to process, cost is low, has avoided the introducing of mercury film electrode simultaneously, and is pollution-free, the sensor detecting method made from this screen printing electrode is simple, and highly sensitive, favorable reproducibility.The present invention is by carrying out finishing to the serigraphy working electrode, and the bismuth oxide that will have the good electric chemical property is fixed on electrode surface, realizes that the high sensitivity of lead, cadmium and zinc ion in the environment is measured simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a sensor construction synoptic diagram of the present invention
Label declaration: 1. mylar 2. carbon electrodes 3. bismuth oxide working electrodes, 4. auxiliary electrodes, 5. contrast electrodes, the 6. carbon electrodes lead-in wires end that goes between
Fig. 2 is the scanning electron microscope diagram of working electrode of the present invention
Fig. 3 electrochemical analyser that to be sensor of the present invention collocation detect full pattern is figure as a result
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example the present invention is further described:
Embodiment 1: product structure of the present invention
Referring to Fig. 1, portable heavy metal lead of the present invention, cadmium and zinc sensor, three electrodes of serigraphy on the mylar substrate: one is that 3, one of bismuth oxide working electrodes are that 4, one of carbon auxiliary electrodes are silver and silver chloride contrast electrode 5; And on mylar substrate 1 the carbon extension line 2 of above-mentioned three electrodes of serigraphy, on the substrate beyond the forward part of three electrode carbon extension lines and three electrodes, also being coated with the insulation course that the insulation slurry is printed.
Embodiment 2: the preparation technology of product of the present invention.
At first bismuth oxide and batch mixing carbon dust, dag and printing ink are pressed certain mass than 1: 2: 2: 20 or 2: 3: 3: 18 proportionings, make working electrode printing slurry, by screen printing technique preparation and to be printed onto thickness separately be on 250 microns the mylar, place baking oven to dry, make working electrode; And then the carbon electrode extension line of printing carbon auxiliary electrode, silver and silver chloride contrast electrode and three electrodes.Follow again on the substrate beyond above-mentioned working electrode, contrast electrode and the auxiliary electrode and three electrode carbon extension line upper surfaces coating one decks insulation slurries, form insulation course, insulation course covers the forward part of three electrode carbon extension lines, and insulation course is stretched out in the rear section of each electrode carbon extension line.
Working electrode material of the present invention is a bismuth oxide, make that like this lead, cadmium and zinc ion are enhanced in the enrichment adsorptive power of electrode surface, improved the sensitivity of described sensor, simultaneously, the disposable sensor use need not to add mercury ion in sample liquid, effective pollution that reduces mercury to environment.
Embodiment 3: detect mark-on sample lead, cadmium and zinc ion in the river
When integrating electro chemical sensor of the present invention uses, can with the multifunction electric chemical analyzer, be connected as three electrode tie-in lines of μ-AutolabIII electrochemical workstation galvanochemistry worktable, add solution, use voltammetry to measure its electrochemical signals.Sensor of the present invention screen printing electrode as described in Figure 1 is used to detect heavy metal lead, cadmium and zinc ion content, adopts the square wave volt-ampere analysis, at first, described sensor is connected with electrochemical workstation; Secondly, get the river water sample, will treat that with hydrochloric acid the test sample pH value of solution is adjusted to 1.5, preparation 10-150 μ gL
-1A series of mark-on solution of lead, cadmium and zinc ion.At last, solution is immersed in the sensor electrode lower end, beginning square wave volt-ampere analysis, according to the method for the invention, carry out test experiments, can obtain as the square wave scanning curve among Fig. 3, described square wave voltammetry analytical parameters is: burning voltage 0.5V/30s, accumulating potential-1.5V/120s, equilibration time 30s, square wave amplitude 28mV, current potential step value 3mV, frequency 15Hz, the operating potential window: 0.4～-0.14V, lead, cadmium and zinc ion concentration are demarcated, and read-0.76 respectively,-0.91, the peak current during-1.22V current potential.As shown in Figure 3, oxidation peak current and lead, cadmium and zinc ion concentration 10-150 μ gL
-1Present good linear relationship in the scope, the detection limit of lead, cadmium and zinc ion is respectively 10,5 and 30 μ gL
-1
The electrode that the present invention uses is an Integrated electrode, constitutes three-electrode system.Characteristics are that method is simple, fast.Adopt disposable electrochemical sensor of the present invention, overcome traditional electrode and used the problem that exists analytical error big repeatedly.
Claims (5)
1. a portable heavy metal lead, cadmium and zinc sensor, it is characterized in that: three electrodes of serigraphy on the mylar substrate: one is the bismuth oxide working electrode, and one is the carbon auxiliary electrode, one is silver and silver chloride contrast electrode; And on the mylar substrate carbon extension line of above-mentioned three electrodes of serigraphy.
2. portable heavy metal lead according to claim 1, cadmium and zinc sensor is characterized in that: on the forward part and three electrodes substrate in addition of three electrode carbon extension lines, also being coated with the insulation course that the insulation slurry is printed.
3. portable heavy metal lead according to claim 1, cadmium and zinc sensor is characterized in that: described bismuth oxide working electrode is that slurry that bismuth oxide and batch mixing carbon dust, dag and printing ink are made is printed onto that oven dry forms on the mylar.
4. the preparation technology of a portable heavy metal lead, cadmium and zinc sensor, it is characterized in that: at first bismuth oxide and batch mixing carbon dust, dag and printing ink are made working electrode printing slurry, by screen printing technique preparation and to be printed onto thickness separately be on 250 microns the mylar, place baking oven to dry then, make working electrode, and the carbon electrode lead-in wire of printing carbon auxiliary electrode, silver and silver chloride contrast electrode and three electrodes; Then on the substrate outside above-mentioned working electrode, contrast electrode and the auxiliary electrode, reach three electrode carbon extension line upper surfaces again and apply one decks insulation slurry, insulation course covers the forward part of three electrode carbon extension lines, and insulation course is stretched out in the rear section of each electrode carbon extension line.
5. the detection method of a portable heavy metal lead, cadmium and zinc sensor is characterized in that: sensor of the present invention is connected with electrochemical workstation; Be used to detect heavy metal lead, cadmium and zinc ion content, in containing 0.05M hydrochloric acid and 0.1M sodium acetate solution, add sample to be tested, solution is immersed in the sensor lower end of printing electrode, adopt the square wave volt-ampere analysis after the enrichment, according to the linear relationship between the concentration of the stripping oxidation peak current that obtains and lead, cadmium and zinc ion, measure the concentration of heavy metal lead, cadmium and zinc ion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010172244XA CN102243210A (en) | 2010-05-14 | 2010-05-14 | Portable heavy metal lead, cadmium, and zinc sensor, preparation method thereof, and detection method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010172244XA CN102243210A (en) | 2010-05-14 | 2010-05-14 | Portable heavy metal lead, cadmium, and zinc sensor, preparation method thereof, and detection method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102243210A true CN102243210A (en) | 2011-11-16 |
Family
ID=44961377
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010172244XA Pending CN102243210A (en) | 2010-05-14 | 2010-05-14 | Portable heavy metal lead, cadmium, and zinc sensor, preparation method thereof, and detection method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102243210A (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103402327A (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2013-11-20 | 苏州扬清芯片科技有限公司 | Manufacturing method of printing electrode for portable heavy metal detection |
| CN105628467A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-06-01 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method for increasing heavy metal Cd ions in soil through mechanical activation method |
| CN108511246A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-09-07 | 北京梦之墨科技有限公司 | A kind of thin film switch and preparation facilities and method using screen printing mode preparation |
| CN108845013A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-11-20 | 桂林理工大学 | Bismuth serous coat strip and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN110902645A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2020-03-24 | 深圳正峰印刷有限公司 | Printing process of bioelectrical signal sensor |
| CN112362712A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-12 | 福州大学 | Electrochemical sensor electrode capable of simultaneously detecting heavy metal lead and cadmium ions in grains |
| CN112763555A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2021-05-07 | 上海交通大学 | Multi-target heavy metal microfluidic electrochemical sensor and preparation and application thereof |
| CN114965630A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-08-30 | 晨光生物科技集团股份有限公司 | Silk-screen printing electrode for detecting antioxidant activity and preparation and detection methods thereof |
| CN115047053A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-09-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Preparation method of bismuth-containing screen-printed electrode and application of bismuth-containing screen-printed electrode in heavy metal ion detection |
| WO2024005719A1 (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2024-01-04 | Agency For Science, Technology And Research | Analyser and computer-implemented method for pollutant detection |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101021503A (en) * | 2007-03-01 | 2007-08-22 | 嘉兴博泰生物科技发展有限公司 | Silk screen printing electrode and producing process, and sensor and detecting method |
| CN101178380A (en) * | 2007-12-05 | 2008-05-14 | 浙江工商大学 | Method for detecting lead content in tea-leaf |
| CN101344501A (en) * | 2008-08-22 | 2009-01-14 | 中南大学 | Silk screen printing electrode, manufacturing technique and use thereof |
-
2010
- 2010-05-14 CN CN201010172244XA patent/CN102243210A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101021503A (en) * | 2007-03-01 | 2007-08-22 | 嘉兴博泰生物科技发展有限公司 | Silk screen printing electrode and producing process, and sensor and detecting method |
| CN101178380A (en) * | 2007-12-05 | 2008-05-14 | 浙江工商大学 | Method for detecting lead content in tea-leaf |
| CN101344501A (en) * | 2008-08-22 | 2009-01-14 | 中南大学 | Silk screen printing electrode, manufacturing technique and use thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
| Title |
|---|
| 《analytica chimica acta》 20080808 Rashid O. Kadara et al Development of disposable bulk-modified screen-printed electrode based on bismuth oxide for stripping chronopotentiometric analysis of lead(II) and cadmium(II) in soil and water samples 第76-81页 1-5 第623卷, 第1期 * |
| 《Talanta》 20091215 M �ngeles Granado Rico et al Modification of carbon screen-printed electrodes by adsorption of chemically synthesized Bi nanoparticles for the voltammetric stripping detection of Zn(II),Cd(II) and Pb(II) 第631-635页 1-5 第80卷, 第2期 * |
| M ANGELES GRANADO RICO ET AL: "A Novel Cell Design for the Improved Stripping Voltammetric Detection of Zn(II),Cd(II),and Pb(II) on Commercial Screen-Printed Strips by Bismuth Codeposition in Stirred Solutions", 《ELECTROANALYSIS》, vol. 20, no. 24, 31 December 2008 (2008-12-31), pages 2608 - 2613 * |
| M áNGELES GRANADO RICO ET AL: "Modification of carbon screen-printed electrodes by adsorption of chemically synthesized Bi nanoparticles for the voltammetric stripping detection of Zn(II),Cd(II) and Pb(II)", 《TALANTA》, vol. 80, no. 2, 15 December 2009 (2009-12-15), pages 631 - 635, XP026693045, DOI: doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2009.07.039 * |
| NÚRIA SERRANO•JOSÉ MANUEL DÍAZ-CRUZ ET AL: "Stripping analysis of heavy metals in tap water", 《ANAL BIOANAL CHEM》, vol. 396, no. 3, 28 February 2010 (2010-02-28), pages 1365 - 1369, XP019777684 * |
| RASHID O. KADARA ET AL: "Development of disposable bulk-modified screen-printed electrode based on bismuth oxide for stripping chronopotentiometric analysis of lead(II) and cadmium(II) in soil and water samples", 《ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA》, vol. 623, no. 1, 8 August 2008 (2008-08-08), pages 76 - 81, XP022822757, DOI: doi:10.1016/j.aca.2008.06.010 * |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103402327A (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2013-11-20 | 苏州扬清芯片科技有限公司 | Manufacturing method of printing electrode for portable heavy metal detection |
| CN103402327B (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2016-09-21 | 苏州扬清芯片科技有限公司 | A kind of manufacture method printed electrode for Portable heavy metal detection |
| CN105628467A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-06-01 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method for increasing heavy metal Cd ions in soil through mechanical activation method |
| CN108845013A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-11-20 | 桂林理工大学 | Bismuth serous coat strip and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN108511246A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-09-07 | 北京梦之墨科技有限公司 | A kind of thin film switch and preparation facilities and method using screen printing mode preparation |
| CN110902645A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2020-03-24 | 深圳正峰印刷有限公司 | Printing process of bioelectrical signal sensor |
| CN112763555A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2021-05-07 | 上海交通大学 | Multi-target heavy metal microfluidic electrochemical sensor and preparation and application thereof |
| CN112362712A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-12 | 福州大学 | Electrochemical sensor electrode capable of simultaneously detecting heavy metal lead and cadmium ions in grains |
| CN115047053A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-09-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Preparation method of bismuth-containing screen-printed electrode and application of bismuth-containing screen-printed electrode in heavy metal ion detection |
| CN114965630A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-08-30 | 晨光生物科技集团股份有限公司 | Silk-screen printing electrode for detecting antioxidant activity and preparation and detection methods thereof |
| WO2024005719A1 (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2024-01-04 | Agency For Science, Technology And Research | Analyser and computer-implemented method for pollutant detection |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102243210A (en) | Portable heavy metal lead, cadmium, and zinc sensor, preparation method thereof, and detection method | |
| Rosolina et al. | Direct determination of cadmium and lead in pharmaceutical ingredients using anodic stripping voltammetry in aqueous and DMSO/water solutions | |
| Zhang et al. | Electrochemical sensor based on carbon-supported NiCoO2 nanoparticles for selective detection of ascorbic acid | |
| Afkhami et al. | New nano-composite potentiometric sensor composed of graphene nanosheets/thionine/molecular wire for nanomolar detection of silver ion in various real samples | |
| Chen et al. | Bismuth-based porous screen-printed carbon electrode with enhanced sensitivity for trace heavy metal detection by stripping voltammetry | |
| CN100585392C (en) | Silk screen printing electrode and producing process, and sensor and detecting method | |
| Zhang et al. | High sensitive on-site cadmium sensor based on AuNPs amalgam modified screen-printed carbon electrodes | |
| CN102262112B (en) | Alloy electrode electrochemical sensor for detecting trace heavy metals | |
| CN101344501B (en) | Silk screen printing electrode, manufacturing technique and use thereof | |
| CN201796009U (en) | Portable sensor for heavy metal including lead, cadmium and zinc | |
| Saeed et al. | Evaluation of bismuth modified carbon thread electrode for simultaneous and highly sensitive Cd (II) and Pb (II) determination | |
| Ensafi et al. | Highly Sensitive Differential Pulse Voltammetric Determination of Cd, Zn and Pb Ions in Water Samples Using Stable Carbon‐Based Mercury Thin‐Film Electrode | |
| WO2011100253A2 (en) | Carbon quantifying apparatus and method | |
| Arabali et al. | Electrochemical determination of cysteamine in the presence of guanine and adenine using a carbon paste electrode modified with N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3, 5-dinitrobenzamide and magnesium oxide nanoparticles | |
| Fan et al. | Determination of lead by square wave anodic stripping voltammetry using an electrochemical sensor | |
| US20100193377A1 (en) | Electrochemical Detection of Silica Species | |
| CN2548158Y (en) | Disposable electrochemical sensor for measuring blood lend concentration | |
| GadelHak et al. | Nanomaterials-modified disposable electrodes and portable electrochemical systems for heavy metals detection in wastewater streams: A review | |
| Yarnitzky et al. | Hand-held lead analyzer | |
| CN109916983B (en) | Three-electrode system, electrochemical sensor and preparation method thereof, electrochemical workstation and application thereof | |
| Xie et al. | A newly competitive electrochemical sensor for sensitive determination of chrysin based on electrochemically activated Ta2O5 particles modified carbon paste electrode | |
| Bard | Electroanalytical chemistry: A series of advances. Volume 14 | |
| Meoipun et al. | A simple and fast flow injection amperometry for the determination of methimazole in pharmaceutical preparations using an unmodified boron-doped diamond electrode | |
| CN201796010U (en) | Portable chromium sensor | |
| Karakaya et al. | A novel sensitive and selective amperometric detection platform for the vanillin content in real samples |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C12 | Rejection of a patent application after its publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20111116 |