Solar energy sea water desalination apparatus and method for desalting seawater thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to sea water desalinating plant, refer in particular to the device and the desalination method thereof that utilize sun power and vacuum jet pump to carry out sea water desaltination.
Background technology
We know that the mankind attempted the several different methods of sea water desaltination, and how sea water desaltination is realized on high efficiency, low cost ground, is perplexing the mankind always.In recent years, along with the application of heliotechnics, Cost of seawater desalination has decline significantly, solves fully as yet but desalinate problems such as efficient is low.
Number of patent application is that the file of CN201010549238.1 discloses " a kind of solar energy evacuated fresh-water generator ", it mainly is to utilize extracting vacuum to import seawater, the temperature that relends solar water is distilled seawater, and water, salt in its seawater are separated, and reaches the effect of sea water desaltination.The main inventive features of this device imports seawater for utilizing vacuum, and sea water desaltination does not have better technical characterictic, and desalination efficient does not improve, novelty of patent and creative the shortage.
Number of patent application is that the file of CN200910198703.9 discloses " a kind of self acting sea-water desalination device by solar membrane distillation "; it utilizes evacuated solar collector to add thermal distillation and utilizes the method for micro-pore-film filtration seawater to prepare fresh water; inefficiency; cost is higher, is not suitable for mass-producing and uses.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: overcome the defective of existing solar seawater desalination inefficiency, a kind of sea water desaltination efficient height is provided, install changeable solar energy sea water desalination apparatus.
Technical scheme: for realizing purpose of the present invention, solar energy sea water desalination apparatus provided by the invention contains sea intake, solar heating system, fresh-water tank.Wherein, solar heating system contains solar water heater, vaporizer, vapour outlet A, bittern outlet.In addition, also contain condenser, airless injection system.Condenser contains water outlet A and vapour outlet B; The airless injection system contains solar cell, squirt pump, airless injection pipe, spraying cycle water tank; The airless injection pipe contains bleeding point, sprays import, jet exit.Solar cell can change sun power into electrical power storage and squirt pump power is provided, and an end of squirt pump connects the spraying cycle water tank, and the other end of squirt pump connects the injection import of airless injection pipe, and the jet exit of airless injection pipe connects back the spraying cycle water tank.The spraying cycle water tank has contained the water outlet B of overflow effect in addition, and water outlet A, water outlet B connect fresh-water tank respectively.
The described seawater of solar water heater and the inlet that the seawater in the vaporizer can be regulated seawater by siphon principle of entering, after promptly evaporation of seawater reduces, corresponding supply seawater inlet.
Described seawater is more than 80 ℃ by the solar water heater heated temperatures, and is preferred more than 95 ℃.
Described airless injection pipe is preferably flow type airless injection pipe, in the airless injection pipe or insulation water coil or insulation steam coils are arranged, plays heating or insulation effect.
Between the jet exit of described airless injection pipe and the spraying cycle water tank or also be connected with additional condenser, so that the gas-vapor mix that rapid condensation ejects flows into the spraying cycle water tank.
In the described condenser or in the additional condenser cooling water coil can be arranged, rise and quicken condensation.
In the device of the present invention, also can not connect by described condenser.
Among the present invention, described solar water heater can be made up of separate unit or many, and described vaporizer can be made up of separate unit or many, forms the unit cluster, is connected with a cover airless injection system.Production capacity is as required determined the quantum of output of sea water desaltination.Ratio for input and output is higher.
Another object of the present invention: the method for desalting seawater that above-mentioned solar energy sea water desalination apparatus is provided.
Realize the technical scheme of the object of the invention: comprise following process:
Seawater enters solar water heater from sea intake, enters vaporizer after heating, and the water vapor of generation comes out from vapour outlet A, and remaining concentrated seawater enters the bittern outlet and flows out; The water vapor that vapour outlet A comes out enters condenser, and the fresh water that is condensed flows to fresh-water tank from water outlet A, and the water vapor that is not condensed flows into the bleeding point of airless injection pipe from vapour outlet B; Behind the ejector priming, driving the airless injection plumber does, the injection import flows to the less water of spraying cycle water tank, bleeding point pump up water steam, through jetting action, be than lower negative pressure in the airless injection pipe, quicken the suction of water vapour, and then quickening the evaporation of seawater from vaporizer, jet exit sprays more gas-vapor mix to the spraying cycle water tank; After the water yield excess of spraying cycle water tank (water level surpasses water outlet B), B flows out to fresh-water tank from water outlet, realizes sea water desaltination.
The negative pressure that forms in the described airless injection pipe can be 0.2atm-0.8atm, and the power of squirt pump is lower, can be 25W-1KW.
Beneficial effect: the present invention utilizes sun power seawater to be desalinated environmental protection as the energy fully.Because the effect of airless injection system, evaporation of seawater speed is fast, desalination efficient height; And each assembly of elements quantity in the device is the amount doesn't matter, and the output of preparing fresh water can be regulated as required, and cost of investment is controlled; Affiliated facility is required to lack, and use on the seashore that is fit under the various complex environments.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is a structure of the present invention and schematic flow sheet.
Among the figure, 1, sea intake; 2, solar water heater; 3, vaporizer; 4, vapour outlet A; 5, bittern outlet; 6, condenser; 7, water outlet A; 8, fresh-water tank; 9, vapour outlet B; 10, bleeding point; 11, airless injection pipe; 12, spray import; 13, jet exit; 14, valve; 15, spraying cycle water tank; 16, water outlet B; 17, squirt pump; 18, solar cell.
Embodiment
Below, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments the present invention is made more specific description.
Choose or make corresponding component: sea intake 1, the solar heating system that contains solar water heater 2, vaporizer 3, vapour outlet A4, bittern outlet 5, fresh-water tank, contain water outlet A7 and vapour outlet B9 condenser 6, contain the airless injection system of solar cell 18, squirt pump 17, airless injection pipe 11, spraying cycle water tank 15; Wherein, airless injection pipe 11 contain bleeding point 10, spray import 12,14 several of jet exits 13, valve.
Each component are coupled together by shown in the accompanying drawing.Solar cell 18 can change sun power into electrical power storage and provide squirt pump 17 power, one end of squirt pump 17 connects spraying cycle water tank 15, spraying cycle water tank 15 has contained the water outlet B16 of overflow effect in addition, the other end of squirt pump 17 connects the injection import 12 of airless injection pipe 11, and the jet exit 13 of airless injection pipe 11 connects back spraying cycle water tank 15; Water outlet A7, water outlet B16 connect fresh-water tank 8 respectively, and a linking number valve 14 is with the break-make of pilot piping in the pipeline.
Embodiment 1: the described seawater of solar water heater 2 and the seawater in the vaporizer 3 is regulated seawater by siphon principle the inlet of entering.Described seawater is more than 90 ℃ by solar water heater 2 heated temperatures.Described airless injection pipe 11 is a flow type airless injection pipe, in the airless injection pipe 11 or the insulation water coil arranged.Described solar water heater 2 is formed by 1, and described vaporizer 3 is formed by 1.The negative pressure that forms in the airless injection pipe 11 is 0.8atm, the power 25W of squirt pump.
Embodiment 2: the described seawater of solar water heater 2 and the seawater in the vaporizer 3 is regulated seawater by siphon principle the inlet of entering.Described seawater is more than 95 ℃ by solar water heater 2 heated temperatures.Described airless injection pipe 11 is a flow type airless injection pipe, is incubated steam coils in the airless injection pipe 11.Can be connected with additional condenser between the jet exit 13 of described airless injection pipe 11 and the spraying cycle water tank 15, so that the gas-vapor mix that rapid condensation ejects.The water of condensation coil pipe is arranged in the condenser 6.The negative pressure that forms in the airless injection pipe 11 is 0.5atm, the power 100W of squirt pump 17.
Embodiment 3: the described seawater of solar water heater 2 and the seawater in the vaporizer 3 is regulated seawater by siphon principle the inlet of entering.Described seawater is more than 95 ℃ by solar water heater 2 heated temperatures.Described airless injection pipe 11 is the steam and vacuum spray tube.Do not connect described condenser 6 in the described device.Between the jet exit 13 of airless injection pipe 11 and the spraying cycle water tank 15 or be connected with additional condenser, so that the gas-vapor mix that rapid condensation ejects.Described solar water heater 2 is formed by many, and described vaporizer 3 is made up of separate unit.The negative pressure that forms in the airless injection pipe 11 is 0.2atm, the power 1KW of squirt pump 17.
As shown in drawings, among the foregoing description 1-3, seawater enters solar water heater 2 from sea intake 1, enters vaporizer 3 after heating, and the water vapor of generation comes out from vapour outlet A4, and remaining concentrated seawater enters bittern outlet 5 and flows out; The water vapor that vapour outlet A4 comes out enters condenser 6, and the fresh water that is condensed flows to fresh-water tank 8 from water outlet A7, and the water vapor that is not condensed flows into the bleeding point 10 of airless injection pipe 11 from vapour outlet B9; After squirt pump 17 starts, drive 11 work of airless injection pipe, injection import 12 flows to the less water of spraying cycle water tank 15, bleeding point 10 pump up water steam, through jetting action, be than lower negative pressure in the airless injection pipe 11, quicken the suction of water vapour, and then quicken the evaporation of seawater from vaporizer 3, the more gas-vapor mix of jet exit 13 ejections is to spraying cycle water tank 15; After the water yield excess of spraying cycle water tank 15, flow out to fresh-water tank 8, realize desalting process from water outlet B16.