CN111649601B - Large-scale marine vacuum condenser - Google Patents
Large-scale marine vacuum condenser Download PDFInfo
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- CN111649601B CN111649601B CN202010608843.5A CN202010608843A CN111649601B CN 111649601 B CN111649601 B CN 111649601B CN 202010608843 A CN202010608843 A CN 202010608843A CN 111649601 B CN111649601 B CN 111649601B
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- condenser
- vacuum condenser
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B1/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
- F28B1/02—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser using water or other liquid as the cooling medium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B11/00—Controlling arrangements with features specially adapted for condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B9/00—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices
- F28B9/10—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices for extracting, cooling, and removing non-condensable gases
Abstract
The invention discloses a large-scale vacuum condenser for ships, which comprises a vacuum condenser body, wherein an injection condenser is arranged in a hanging manner on one side of the vacuum condenser body, two groups of injection condenser supporting seats are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the injection condenser, the two groups of injection condenser supporting seats are fixed on the side wall of the vacuum condenser body, a circulating pipeline is communicated between the lower part of the injection condenser and the vacuum condenser body, a mixed gas steam pipeline is communicated between the upper part of the injection condenser and the vacuum condenser body, a liquid level control system is also arranged right below the vacuum condenser, a heat exchanger is arranged in the vacuum condenser body and is positioned right above the liquid level control system, and two groups of vacuum condenser tube bundles are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the vacuum condenser body. The whole system of the invention forms a dynamic steam circulation balance, and simultaneously can keep the vacuum degree of the condenser and ensure the steam heat exchange efficiency to the maximum extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of marine condensing equipment, in particular to a large-scale marine vacuum condenser.
Background
When the offshore cruise ship is in shore, cargoes need to be loaded and unloaded, a cargo oil pump is needed when the cargoes are loaded and unloaded, the cargo oil pump is driven by a steam turbine, a vacuum condenser is needed for recycling the steam for efficiently recycling waste heat steam, the oil is flammable, and the cargo oil pump is driven by the steam safely and effectively. Compared with the driving by electricity, the electric vehicle is safer and more energy-saving. The condenser converts steam into water, when the steam runs thoroughly, the energy of the steam is converted into kinetic energy, the waste heat steam consumed at the moment is sent into the condenser to exchange heat with seawater in the heat exchange pipe, and the condensed water is discharged through the water tank and is supplied to the boiler again. Therefore, a vacuum condenser is installed after the steam turbine. When the turbine runs thoroughly, the vacuum design of the condenser is higher than that of the turbine, so that waste heat steam can be smoothly discharged.
However, the existing large-sized vacuum condenser for ships has the following problems in the use process: an important performance index of the vacuum condenser is vacuum degree, and under the condition that the vacuum degree is met, waste heat steam exhausted by a turbine can smoothly enter the condenser and is evaporated at a lower temperature, so that the steam is utilized more efficiently. The waste heat steam discharged by the turbine can be condensed into a part of steam of water, and also has a part of gas and air which can not be condensed, and the part of gas which can not be condensed is increased along with the continuous consumption of the steam condensed into water, so that the vacuum degree of the condenser is gradually destroyed, and the formation of the vacuum degree is greatly influenced. For this reason, a corresponding technical scheme needs to be designed to solve the existing technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a large-scale vacuum condenser for a ship, which solves the problems in the background technology and meets the actual use requirements.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a large-scale marine vacuum condenser comprises a vacuum condenser body, wherein one side of the vacuum condenser body is provided with an injection condenser in a suspending way, two groups of injection condenser supporting seats are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the injection condenser and fixed on the side wall of the vacuum condenser body, a circulating pipeline is communicated between the lower part of the injection condenser and the vacuum condenser body, a mixed gas steam pipeline is communicated between the upper part of the injection condenser and the vacuum condenser body, a liquid level control system is also arranged under the vacuum condenser, a heat exchanger is arranged inside the vacuum condenser body and is positioned right above the liquid level control system, two groups of vacuum condenser tube bundles are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the vacuum condenser body, a group of vacuum condenser expansion joints are arranged between the two groups of vacuum condenser tube bundles, the utility model discloses a vacuum condenser, including vacuum condenser expansion joint, vacuum condenser, jet condenser steam pipeline, ejector, liquid level control system, condensate water return port, vacuum condenser expansion joint, the left end of vacuum condenser body is provided with vacuum condenser sea water import and right-hand member and is provided with the vacuum condenser sea water export, the top intercommunication of vacuum condenser body has the IGS mouth of pipe, the orificial left side of IGS evenly is provided with three exhaust steam imports, three groups exhaust steam import is linked together with the vacuum condenser body, jet condenser expansion joint and below are installed in jet condenser's left side and are provided with jet condenser discharge outlet perpendicularly, jet condenser has seted up jet condenser steam import with the junction of mist steam pipeline, install the ejector on the mist steam pipeline, liquid level control system includes the water tank and installs in the condensate water return port in the lower left corner of water tank.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two sets of vacuum condenser supports are symmetrically installed at the bottom of the vacuum condenser body, and two sets of plate-type lifting lugs are symmetrically installed at the upper left corner and the upper right corner.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two sets of plate-type long lifting lugs are symmetrically installed at two ends above the vacuum condenser body.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the heat exchanger is positioned under three groups of dead steam inlets and consists of a plurality of groups of copper pipe heat exchange pipes arranged in parallel, and a temperature sensor is also arranged in the heat exchanger and connected with a controller.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the circulation pipeline is composed of an air-bleed copper pipe, two ends of the air-bleed copper pipe are respectively connected with the vacuum condenser body and the injection condenser, and a connection flange is installed at the connection position, and a gate valve and an air separation valve are further installed on the air-bleed copper pipe.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a condensed water pipe is communicated with the upper part of the water tank, the upper end of the condensed water pipe is communicated with the vacuum condenser body, and the upper end opening is positioned right below the heat exchanger.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a liquid level sensor is installed inside the water tank, and the liquid level sensor is electrically connected to the controller.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mixed gas vapor pipeline has an inverted U-shaped structure, and one end of the mixed gas vapor pipeline is communicated with the upper end of the injection condenser and the other end of the mixed gas vapor pipeline is communicated with the side wall of the vacuum condenser body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention installs the vacuum condenser behind the turbine, the exhausted steam that the turbine discharges enters the condenser, the condenser condenses the steam therein, the volume sharply reduces, produce the vacuum of low pressure, thus make the exhausted steam enter the condenser continuously under the driving of the negative pressure, with the increase of the condensation amount of the steam, will produce the bigger low pressure, make the steam cycle efficiency increase, the mixed gas that is not condensed in the condenser is extracted by the injection condenser through the steam pipeline, enter the injection condenser and carry on the heat exchange again, the steam part extracted carries on the heat exchange with the cold medium sea water in the heat exchange tube again, the condensed water returns to the vacuum condenser through the circulation pipeline, discharge the steam and air that can't be condensed outside the system through the drain outlet at the same time, in this way, the whole system forms a dynamic steam cycle balance, can keep the vacuum degree of the condenser at the same time, and the steam heat exchange efficiency is ensured to the maximum extent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall schematic view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an overall side view block diagram of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the vacuum condenser of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-a vacuum condenser body, 2-an injection condenser, 3-an injection condenser supporting seat, 4-a circulating pipeline, 5-a mixed gas steam pipeline, 6-a liquid level control system, 7-a heat exchanger, 8-a vacuum condenser pipe bundle, 9-a vacuum condenser expansion joint, 10-a vacuum condenser seawater inlet, 11-a vacuum condenser seawater outlet, 12-an IGS pipe orifice, 13-an exhaust steam inlet, 14-an injection condenser expansion joint, 15-an injection condenser discharge port, 16-an injection condenser steam inlet, 17-an injector, 18-a water tank, 19-a condensate water return port, 20-a vacuum condenser support, 21-a plate lifting lug, 22-a plate long lifting lug and 23-a copper pipe heat exchange pipe, 24-temperature sensor, 25-controller, 26-air-bleed copper pipe, 27-connecting flange, 28-gate valve, 29-air separating valve, 30-condensate pipe and 31-liquid level sensor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a technical solution: a large-scale marine vacuum condenser comprises a vacuum condenser body 1, wherein one side of the vacuum condenser body 1 is provided with an injection condenser 2 in a hanging way, the bottom of the injection condenser 2 is symmetrically provided with two groups of injection condenser supporting seats 3, the two groups of injection condenser supporting seats 3 are fixed on the side wall of the vacuum condenser body 1, a circulating pipeline 4 is communicated between the lower part of the injection condenser 2 and the vacuum condenser body 1, a mixed gas steam pipeline 5 is communicated between the upper part of the injection condenser 2 and the vacuum condenser body 1, a liquid level control system 6 is also arranged under the vacuum condenser 2, a heat exchanger 7 is arranged in the vacuum condenser body 1, the heat exchanger 7 is positioned right above the liquid level control system 6, two groups of vacuum condenser tube bundles 8 are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the vacuum condenser body 1, and a group of vacuum condenser expansion joints 9 is arranged between the two groups of vacuum condenser tube bundles 8, the vacuum condenser expansion joint 9 is installed on the vacuum condenser body 1, the left end of the vacuum condenser body 1 is provided with a vacuum condenser seawater inlet 10 and the right end is provided with a vacuum condenser seawater outlet 11, the top of the vacuum condenser body 1 is communicated with an IGS pipe orifice 12, the left side of the IGS pipe orifice 12 is uniformly provided with three groups of exhaust steam inlets 13, the three groups of exhaust steam inlets 13 are communicated with the vacuum condenser body 1, the left side of the injection condenser 2 is provided with an injection condenser expansion joint 14 and the lower part of the injection condenser expansion joint is vertically provided with an injection condenser discharge port 15, an injection condenser steam inlet 16 is arranged at the joint of the injection condenser 2 and the mixed gas steam pipeline 5, an injector 17 is installed on the mixed gas steam pipeline 5, and the liquid level control system 6 comprises a water tank 18 and a condensate return port 19 installed at the lower left corner of the water tank 18.
Further improved, as shown in fig. 1: two groups of vacuum condenser supports 20 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the vacuum condenser body 1, and two groups of plate-type lifting lugs 21 are symmetrically arranged at the upper left corner and the upper right corner.
Further improved, as shown in fig. 1: two groups of plate-type long lifting lugs 22 are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the upper part of the vacuum condenser body 1.
In a further improvement, as shown in fig. 3: the heat exchanger 7 is positioned right below the three groups of exhaust steam inlets 13 and consists of a plurality of groups of copper pipe heat exchange pipes 23 which are arranged in parallel, a temperature sensor 24 is further arranged in the heat exchanger 7, and the temperature sensor 24 is connected with a controller 25 for monitoring the temperature of the heat exchanger 7 in real time.
Further improved, as shown in fig. 1: the circulating pipeline 4 is composed of an air-bleed copper pipe 26, two ends of the air-bleed copper pipe 26 are respectively connected with the vacuum condenser body 1 and the injection condenser 2, a connecting flange 27 is arranged at the connecting position, a gate valve 28 and an air separation valve 29 are further arranged on the air-bleed copper pipe 26, and the gate valve 28 and the air separation valve 29 are arranged to further discharge trace air which flows back into the condensed water.
In a further improvement, as shown in fig. 3: the upper part of the water tank 18 is communicated with a condensate pipe 30, the upper end of the condensate pipe 30 is communicated with the vacuum condenser body 1, and the upper end opening is positioned right below the heat exchanger 7, so that the condensate water is convenient to drop into the water tank 18.
Further improved, as shown in fig. 1: water tank 18 internally mounted has level sensor 31, and level sensor 31 and controller 25 electric connection can carry out real-time supervision and switch according to the valve on the water level to the pipeline through controller 25 to the water level in the water tank 18 through level sensor 31.
Specifically, the mixed gas vapor pipeline 5 is of an inverted U-shaped structure, and one end of the mixed gas vapor pipeline 5 is communicated with the upper end of the injection condenser 2 and the other end is communicated with the side wall of the vacuum condenser body 1.
When in use: the invention is shown in figure 3, which condenses the dead steam from the turbine: the exhaust steam enters the shell side of the condenser from an exhaust steam inlet 13 of the vacuum condenser body 1, seawater cooling medium enters from the tube side of the condenser, the volume of the waste heat steam is quite large, when the waste heat steam exchanges heat with the seawater medium in the tube side heat exchanger 7, the steam can be converted into water, meanwhile, the volume is rapidly reduced to form internal vacuum, the condensed steam forms condensed water, the condensed water is discharged from a condensed water outlet and is reused by a boiler, when the vacuum degree reaches the requirement of 570mmHg, the boiling point of the water is 65 ℃, in the vacuum environment, the vacuum pressure of the vacuum condenser body 1 is higher than that of a turbine, the exhaust steam overcomes the back pressure generated at the rear end of the turbine and continuously enters the vacuum condenser body 1, the exhaust steam passes through the exhaust steam inlet 13, in order to prevent combustible gas, IGS protective gas is introduced at the same time of the exhaust steam introduction, and the function is to reduce the oxygen concentration in the cavity, the environment which can not explode is manufactured, the exhaust steam uniformly enters the shell pass cavity of the condenser and exchanges heat with cold medium seawater in the copper pipe heat exchange tube 23, condensed water condensed by steam is condensed in the bottom water tank 18, when the water level of the condensed water is normal, the liquid level control system does not work, when the liquid level exceeds the highest water level or is lower than the lowest water level, the heat exchange efficiency is reduced and the vacuum degree of the condenser is damaged, at the same time, the liquid level control system 6 starts to work, part of the condensed water is discharged from the condensed water pipe 30 until the condensed water reaches the normal water level, when the liquid level is lower than the lowest water level, the pump is easy to be damaged, at the same time, the liquid level control system 6 also starts to work, the condensed water is injected through the condensed water return port 19 below the water tank 18 until the normal water level is reached, the condensed amount of the steam is increased along with the operation of the heat exchange system, the inside of the vacuum condenser body 1 continuously enters the exhaust steam, wherein apart from the cooled steam, part of the steam and air which cannot be liquefied are remained in the equipment, if the uncondensed steam exists all the time, the vacuum degree in the cavity can be seriously influenced, the continuous and smooth entering of the exhaust steam can be influenced, the product performance is reduced, at the moment, the injection condenser 2 is arranged on the vacuum condenser body 1, a steam pipeline on the injection condenser 2 is directly connected with a side cavity of the vacuum condenser body 1, the injection condenser 2 provided with an ejector 17 can extract the uncondensed steam and the air in the vacuum condenser, a small amount of steam is mixed in the mixed gas, the mixed gas enters through an ejector steam inlet 16, carries out secondary heat exchange condensation with a copper pipe heat exchange pipe 23 of a pipe pass seawater cooling medium, and the generated condensed water returns to the vacuum condenser body 1 again through a circulating pipeline 4, while the uncondensed steam and air are directly exhausted out of the system through the ejection condenser discharge port 15, in order to keep the running direction in the circulating pipeline, a gate valve 28 and an air separation valve 29 are arranged, and further, a small amount of air which flows back into the condensed water is exhausted, so that the whole structural system completes a dynamic process driven by steam, utilizes the property of the steam to manufacture vacuum, and keeps the vacuum, and is efficient, safe and energy-saving.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A large-scale marine vacuum condenser, includes vacuum condenser body (1), its characterized in that: the suspended injection condenser (2) arranged at one side of the vacuum condenser body (1), two groups of injection condenser supporting seats (3) are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the injection condenser (2), the two groups of injection condenser supporting seats (3) are fixed on the side wall of the vacuum condenser body (1), a circulating pipeline (4) is communicated between the lower part of the injection condenser (2) and the vacuum condenser body (1), a mixed gas steam pipeline (5) is communicated between the upper part of the injection condenser (2) and the vacuum condenser body (1), a liquid level control system (6) is further arranged under the vacuum condenser body (1), a heat exchanger (7) is arranged inside the vacuum condenser body (1), the heat exchanger (7) is positioned over the liquid level control system (6), and two groups of vacuum condenser tube bundles (8) are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the vacuum condenser body (1), the left side of the vacuum condenser tube bundle (8) on the right side is provided with a vacuum condenser expansion joint (9), the vacuum condenser expansion joint (9) is installed on a vacuum condenser body (1), the left end of the vacuum condenser body (1) is provided with a vacuum condenser seawater inlet (10) and the right end is provided with a vacuum condenser seawater outlet (11), the upper portion of the vacuum condenser body (1) is communicated with an IGS pipe orifice (12), the left side of the IGS pipe orifice (12) is uniformly provided with three groups of exhaust steam inlets (13), the three groups of exhaust steam inlets (13) are communicated with the vacuum condenser body (1), the left side of the injection condenser (2) is provided with an injection condenser expansion joint (14) and the lower portion of the injection condenser expansion joint is vertically provided with an injection condenser discharge port (15), and the joint of the injection condenser (2) and a mixed gas steam pipeline (5) is provided with an injection condenser steam inlet (16), an ejector (17) is installed on the mixed gas steam pipeline (5), and the liquid level control system (6) comprises a water tank (18) and a condensate water return opening (19) installed at the lower left corner of the water tank (18).
2. The large-sized vacuum condenser for ships according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the vacuum condenser body (1) is symmetrically provided with two groups of vacuum condenser supports (20) and two groups of plate-type lifting lugs (21) are symmetrically arranged at the upper left corner and the upper right corner.
3. A large-sized vacuum condenser for ships according to claim 2, wherein: two groups of plate-type long lifting lugs (22) are symmetrically arranged at two ends above the vacuum condenser body (1).
4. The large-sized vacuum condenser for ships according to claim 1, wherein: the heat exchanger (7) is located under the three groups of exhaust steam inlets (13) and consists of a plurality of groups of copper pipe heat exchange pipes (23) which are arranged in parallel, a temperature sensor (24) is further arranged in the heat exchanger (7), and the temperature sensor (24) is connected with a controller (25).
5. A large-sized vacuum condenser for ships according to claim 3, wherein: circulation line (4) comprise gassing copper pipe (26), gassing copper pipe (26) both ends are connected and the junction installs flange (27) with vacuum condenser body (1), injection condenser (2) respectively, still install gate valve (28) and air separation valve (29) on gassing copper pipe (26).
6. The large-sized vacuum condenser for ships according to claim 5, wherein: a condensate pipe (30) is communicated above the water tank (18), the upper end of the condensate pipe (30) is communicated with the vacuum condenser body (1), and an opening at the upper end is positioned under the heat exchanger (7).
7. The large-sized vacuum condenser for ships according to claim 6, wherein: the water tank (18) is internally provided with a liquid level sensor (31), and the liquid level sensor (31) is electrically connected with the controller (25).
8. The large-sized vacuum condenser for ships according to claim 6, wherein: the mixed gas steam pipeline (5) is of an inverted U-shaped structure, one end of the mixed gas steam pipeline (5) is communicated with the upper end of the injection condenser (2), and the other end of the mixed gas steam pipeline is communicated with the side wall of the vacuum condenser body (1).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010608843.5A CN111649601B (en) | 2020-06-29 | 2020-06-29 | Large-scale marine vacuum condenser |
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| CN202010608843.5A CN111649601B (en) | 2020-06-29 | 2020-06-29 | Large-scale marine vacuum condenser |
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| CN111649601A CN111649601A (en) | 2020-09-11 |
| CN111649601B true CN111649601B (en) | 2022-04-19 |
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| US10502510B2 (en) * | 2016-02-09 | 2019-12-10 | Babcock Power Services, Inc. | Cleaning tubesheets of heat exchangers |
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| CN1464279A (en) * | 2002-06-27 | 2003-12-31 | 崔保山 | A novel vacuum system for vacuum drying |
| CN102241420A (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2011-11-16 | 仇晓丰 | Solar seawater desalination device and seawater desalination method thereof |
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