Background technology
At present, known lightning protection box is made up of shell, connection terminal, conduction connecting line, electrode, semi-conductor chip, mechanical thermal release device, indicating device, counter device, current peak demonstration and sectional fixture.Its principle of work is to be installed in respectively between the phase line and ground wire, zero line and ground wire of distribution system.When occurring high voltage surge ripple or lightning wave in the distribution system and reach the conducting of vitalizing semiconductor chip, the rapid decline of self high resistance of chip makes it to become low-resistance conductor and discharge over the ground, at this moment the surge high voltage in the distribution system sharply descends, when the voltage in the discharge process over the ground drops to certain specified normal voltage, the self-resistance of semi-conductor chip increases rapidly makes it to enter closed condition, at this moment semi-conductor chip is equivalent to insulator, make distribution system voltage recover normal, thereby the high pressure superpotential that distribution system is occurred exclude.Display shows current peak, time, and this process is for once under the counter records.But, along with the raising of consumer and electronic equipment to the power supply quality requirements, the surge clutter that makes people to understand to occur on power supply and the signal line, especially need to understand the width of waveform, shape, size, the time of energy and generation, and in the process of lightning protection work, only show current peak, time and number of times, be which type of surge ripple or lightning wave can not differentiate and distinguish this superpotential be, this just can't analyze the accident that is caused owing to surge ripple or lightning wave, can't demonstrate the energy size of this process, can't carry out comprehensive assessment accident.
Summary of the invention
Can not differentiate and write down the waveform and the energy size of surge ripple or lightning wave in order to overcome existing lightning protection box, the invention provides a kind of lightning protection box of energy complete documentation over-voltage waveform, this lightning protection box adopts the pulses of current sensor among the present invention, thereby can differentiate and write down time, waveform shape and the parameter that the lightning wave that at every turn passes through, surge ripple superpotential take place, can't wave recording can't analyze and assess thereby solved existing lightning protection box the accident that thunder and lightning or surge waveform cause.
For addressing the above problem, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
Among the present invention, a kind of pulses of current sensor comprises: the semi arch magnetic core of pair of opposing, between two semi arch magnetic cores is air gap, the air gap overcoat is nonmagnetic metallic conduction ring, and the interior axially bored line of described nonmagnetic metallic conduction ring is consistent with the magnetic line of force of semi arch magnetic core; On described semi arch magnetic core, twine coil is set, draw lead-out terminal from coil.
Described semi arch magnetic core is arranged on the insulation support and is with in the formed cavity of magnetic shielding shell.
On described insulation support, conductive pole is set.
Among the present invention, a kind of record surge ripple lightning protection box that adopts above-mentioned pulses of current sensor and make comprises: series connection is provided with on each phase line and zero line switch, hot dropout relay system and electrode, between the two poles of the earth of electrode, be provided with semi-conductor chip, described phase line all is connected with ground wire with zero line, on described ground wire, pulses of current sensor is set, pulses of current sensor is connected with single-chip microcomputer by the A/D translation interface, and described single-chip microcomputer is connected with display screen.
Described single-chip microcomputer is connected with computer system by communication interface, and computer system is connected with printer with display device.
Described communication interface is the RS232 interface.
Described single-chip microcomputer also is connected with backup battery.
Operational failure pilot lamp and pilot lamp working properly all are set on described each phase line and zero line.
Adopt the present invention of technique scheme, on ground wire, be provided with pulses of current sensor, this pulses of current sensor has been installed two nonmagnetic metallic conduction rings respectively in two gaps of two semi arch magnetic core symmetries, like this, under the effect of two semi arch magnetic cores, this pulses of current sensor the magnetic circuit saturated phenomenon can not occur, the output accuracy and the output area of pulses of current sensor have been improved, lay a good foundation for showing whole voltage oscillogram, and this pulses of current sensor has improved measurement sensitivity, has reduced measuring error.Like this, when lightning wave or the generation of surge ripple, the semi-conductor chip conducting that is excited, superpotential is discharged over the ground along ground wire, the pulses of current sensor that is installed on the ground wire passes through electric resistance partial pressure with image data, isolate and amplify, level conversion, the A/D conversion, again through preposition isolation, trigger relatively, CPLD control is stored in the FLASH storer and on display screen by Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system and shows, computer software can be with the whole oscillogram of stored record, time, parameter passes in the computing machine, can be presented on the display that has the parameter coordinate one by one and print waveform, real-time time and historical record can be analyzed intuitively and judge the accident that thunder and lightning or surge ripple cause.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, pulses of current sensor in the present embodiment is meant: the semi arch magnetic core 22 that comprises pair of opposing, be air gap 30 between two semi arch magnetic cores 22, air gap 30 overcoats are nonmagnetic metallic conduction ring 29, the interior axially bored line of nonmagnetic metallic conduction ring 29 is consistent with the magnetic line of force of semi arch magnetic core 22; On semi arch magnetic core 22, twine coil 23 is set, draw lead-out terminal 31 from coil 23.It is pointed out that semi arch magnetic core 22 among the present invention is meant is similar to semi-circular shape, that is: it both can be the semicircle of two rules, and air gap 30 is left in the centre; Also can be a pair of circular arc more smaller than semicircle, be air gap 30 in the middle of two circular arcs.
This pulses of current sensor is the improvement to Luo-coil, and its concrete demagnetization principle is:
At first, the full circle magnetic core of sealing is originally changed into two semi arch magnetic cores 22, and make two semi arch magnetic cores 22 and two air gaps 30 constitute magnetic circuits jointly, because the magnetic resistance of air gap 30 is far longer than the magnetic resistance of two semi arch magnetic core 22 magnetic materials, most of magnetic field energy is gathered in air gap 30, thereby can bear bigger magnetic field intensity than former magnetic field; Secondly, constitute when producing magnetic field on the magnetic circuits when two semi arch magnetic cores 22 and two air gaps 30 are common, because air gap 30 radially surrounds by two nonmagnetic metallic conduction rings 29 and by it along the magnetic circuit center line, will in two nonmagnetic metallic conduction rings 29, produce the radial loop electric current like this, and the magnetic field that circular current produces on two nonmagnetic metallic conduction rings 29 is opposite with former magnetic direction, also can offset the magnetic field intensity of magnetic circuit; At last, owing to produce in two nonmagnetic metallic conduction rings 29 the radial loop electric current arranged, and itself there is resistance in two air gaps 30, by producing Joule heat behind the electric current, Joule heat raises two nonmagnetic metallic conduction ring 29 temperature, promptly the magnetic field energy in two air-gap fields changes heat energy into by these two nonmagnetic metallic conduction rings 29, can bear bigger magnetic field intensity than former magnetic field like this.Therefore, under the effect of two circular arc magnetic cores 22, two air gaps 30 and two air gaps 30, at the scope internal magnetic field of setting the magnetic circuit saturated phenomenon can not appear, thereby the output accuracy and the output area of pulses of current sensor 17 have been improved, improved measurement sensitivity, reduced measuring error, and then can collect current peak and each current value of putting in real time, the time of width, shape, size, energy and the generation of whole voltage current waveform of exporting for realization is established the subbase plinth.
As Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, in the time of in this pulses of current sensor being applied to record surge ripple lightning protection box, above-mentioned semi arch magnetic core 22 should be arranged on insulation support 28 and be with in the magnetic shielding shell 21 formed cavitys, the conductive pole 25 of its tested lead for being provided with on the insulation support 28.Specifically, during this pulses of current sensor, fixedly install primary winding winding conductive pole 25 in preparation on insulation support 28, at an end of primary winding winding conductive pole 25 insulation spacer 24 is installed, the compacted nut of insulation spacer 24 26 is fastening.In addition, insulation support 28 is connected with band magnetic shielding shell 21, in insulation support 28 and band magnetic shielding shell 21 formed cavitys, fixedly install a pair of semi arch magnetic core 22 by nonmagnetic pin 27, twine on the semi arch magnetic core 22 secondary coil winding 23 is set, all fixedly install nonmagnetic metallic conduction ring 29 in two gaps of a pair of semi arch magnetic core 22, the interior axially bored line of nonmagnetic metallic conduction ring 29 is consistent with the magnetic line of force of circular arc magnetic core 22, air gap 30.
Its job applications principle is: this conductive pole 25 is the primary winding winding of this pulses of current sensor, coil 23 on two semi arch magnetic cores 22 is the secondary coil winding of this pulses of current sensor, and two no magnetic metallic conduction rings 29 placing in two gaps of two semi arch magnetic cores, 22 two ends symmetries are the anti-magnetized coil winding.When primary winding winding conductive pole 25 passed through a pulse current, two secondary coil windings on two semi arch magnetic cores 22 will induce voltage, can restore the pulse current that passes through on the primary winding winding conductive pole 25 to this voltage integrating meter.Since the existence of pulses of current sensor 17 as shown in Figure 1, the measurement range can be improved, thus obtain the oscillogram of whole electric current and voltage.
On the basis of pulses of current sensor 17, the present invention has prepared record surge ripple lightning protection box again.As shown in Figure 4, this record surge ripple lightning protection box is provided with three phase lines 6, zero line 7, connection terminal 18 and ground wire 16 in shell 20, and phase line 6 all is connected with ground wire 16 with zero line 7, and ground wire 16 is electrically connected ground connection with shell.Wherein, all series connection is provided with switch 5, hot dropout relay system 4 and electrode 1 on each phase line 6 and zero line 7, is provided with semi-conductor chip 19 between the two poles of the earth of electrode 1, and like this, each semi-conductor chip 19 just all can link to each other with ground wire 16.
Among the present invention, pulses of current sensor 17 is set on ground wire 16, pulses of current sensor 17 is used to gather the electric current and voltage data of discharge over the ground.After the pulses of current sensor 17 output terminals process divider resistance dividing potential drop, be divided into two-way.As shown in Figure 5, the one tunnel through isolating amplification, level conversion and A/D conversion, is stored to single-chip microcomputer 14 through FIFO then; Another road is stored to single-chip microcomputer 14 through after preposition isolation, triggering comparison, CPLD control through FIFO.Single-chip microcomputer 14 peripheries are furnished with clock circuit, FLASH storer, and single-chip microcomputer 14 outputs are connected to LCDs 8.
The output terminal that it is pointed out that single-chip microcomputer 14 can also be connected with peripheral computer system 11 by communication interface 10, and above-mentioned communication interface 10 can be the RS232 communication interface, also can be 485 interfaces.Like this, peripheral computer system 11 can be carried out Long-distance Control, and can show output by peripheral hardwares such as the display device 12 that connects and printers 13.
In addition, can also be on each phase line 6 and zero line 7 cut-in operation pilot lamp power line, relay indicating light is divided into 3 two kinds of operational failure pilot lamp 2 and pilot lamp working properly, drives the indication control circuits by heat dropout relay system 4.Simultaneously, working properly during for the assurance outage, single-chip microcomputer 14 is connected with backup battery 9.
Like this, when lightning wave or the generation of surge ripple, semi-conductor chip 9 conducting that is excited, superpotential is discharged over the ground along ground wire 16, the pulses of current sensor 17 that is installed on the ground wire passes through electric resistance partial pressure with the data that collect, isolate and amplify, level conversion, the A/D conversion, again through preposition isolation, trigger relatively, CPLD control is stored in the FLASH storer and on display screen by Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system and shows, computing machine connects by the RS232 interface, computer software can be with the waveform of stored record, time, parameter passes in the computing machine, can be presented on the display that has the parameter coordinate one by one and print waveform, real-time time and historical record, can analyze intuitively and judge the accident that thunder and lightning or surge ripple cause, as shown in Figure 6.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 7, display has provided the current waveform of surge ripple in the planimetric coordinates, has provided current peak, negative peak value, wavefront time, wave rear time, specific energy, the quantity of electric charge parameter of this surge ripple in the table 1.
Test period |
Current peak (KA) |
Negative peak value (%) |
The wavefront time (us) |
The wave rear time (us) |
Specific energy (KJ/ Ω) |
The quantity of electric charge (As) |
10-03-02- 09:53:49 |
62.09 |
15.28 |
7.80 |
20.09 |
52 |
1.24 |
Table 1