CN102235269B - A kind of fuel system and the Vehicular system comprising this fuel system - Google Patents
A kind of fuel system and the Vehicular system comprising this fuel system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102235269B CN102235269B CN201010166657.7A CN201010166657A CN102235269B CN 102235269 B CN102235269 B CN 102235269B CN 201010166657 A CN201010166657 A CN 201010166657A CN 102235269 B CN102235269 B CN 102235269B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of fuel system and comprises the Vehicular system of this fuel system.This system comprises: vaporizing unit, and being configured to vaporization of liquid fuel is vaporized fuel; Caisson, it for storing the vaporized fuel of vaporizing and obtaining, and provides vaporized fuel to motor; And heating equipment, it is coupled to obtain vaporized fuel from this caisson by heating supply air line with caisson, and be coupled with described vaporizing unit by a coolant circulation system, to provide heat liquefied fuel being vaporized into vaporized fuel to described vaporizing unit, wherein said heating equipment utilizes vaporized fuel ignition remaining in described caisson.According to fuel system of the present invention, can before starting cold ignition heating equipment, to preheat vaporizing unit, thus enough vaporized fuel can be provided for motor when starting cold, and then improve starting performance and the emission performance of motor, improve the environmental suitability of motor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of gas vehicle, relate more particularly to a kind of fuel system and the Vehicular system comprising this fuel system.
Background technique
Along with developing rapidly of China's economy and increasing rapidly of vehicle population, China is faced with many baptisms in energy development, and such as energy source of car demand increases, national energy security situation is urgent, and environmental protection requirement is strict.Therefore, the substitute fuel that development is clean, controls vehicle discharge of poisonous waste, to have become in vehicle development strategy a very important and pressing task.
Liquefied fuel motor, such as LNG Liquefied natural gas (LNG) motor are that vehicle provides power with liquefied fuel, the many merits such as it has, and discharge is low, course continuation mileage length.Therefore, the application of the liquefied fuel motor of such as LNG motor is current a kind of development trend.This liquefied fuel that liquefied fuel motor uses stores with cryogenic liquide form usually, and becomes gas form to be supplied to motor the fuel reburning of liquid form by vaporizing unit.
In some areas of China, the vehicle that LNG motor is housed has started to drop into actual use at present, but LNG motor is still faced with some problems in actual applications.At the northern area of China, winter temperature is usually low especially, sometimes even reaches subzero 30 to 40 degrees below zero.Common LNG tank is led to normal stream can go out liquid fuel when bringing into use or at relatively high temperatures, and when temperature is lower or after a period of time of employing, the flow of liquid fuel will diminish, lower than even can not trickle fuel during certain temperature.Therefore this can cause LNG engine start difficulty.Commercially also can obtain at present can compared with the LNG tank flowing out LNG normal under low temperature, but this LNG tank needs to use special material manufacture, and its manufacture cost is very high.
In addition, make LNG vaporize and need a large amount of heats.When starting cold, enough heat may cannot be provided because ambient temperature is too low for vaporization, thus cause vaporization bad.This can cause the confession unsaturated vapor to LNG motor then, causes LNG engine start difficulty.
In addition, when supplying unsaturated vapor to LNG motor, burning also can be caused insufficient, thus cause deterioration of emission further.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention discloses a kind of technological scheme of improvement, for solving or above alleviating above-mentioned produced problem in the prior art at least partly.
According to a first aspect of the invention, a kind of fuel system for supplying vaporized fuel to motor is provided.This fuel system can comprise: vaporizing unit, and being configured to vaporization of liquid fuel is vaporized fuel; Caisson, it to be coupled with vaporizing unit by air delivering pipeline and to be arranged to the vaporized fuel storing and vaporize and obtain, this caisson also comprises air supply outlet, and this air supply outlet can be connected to provide vaporized fuel to motor via motor supply air line with engine fuel inlet; And heating equipment, it is coupled to obtain vaporized fuel from this caisson by heating supply air line with caisson, and is coupled with vaporizing unit by a coolant circulation system, to provide heat liquefied fuel being vaporized into vaporized fuel to vaporizing unit.This heating equipment can utilize vaporized fuel ignition remaining in caisson.
A mode of execution according to a first aspect of the invention, vaporizing unit can comprise cooling liquid entrance for engine coolant and cooling liquid outlet, to utilize the heat from engine coolant after the engine is started up, liquefied fuel is vaporized into vaporized fuel.
Another mode of execution according to a first aspect of the invention, heating equipment can be configured to provide to described vaporizing unit heat liquefied fuel being vaporized into vaporized fuel at least before the engine is started up.
A mode of execution more according to a first aspect of the invention, fuel system can also comprise: for the device for storing liquid of storing liquid fuel, it is coupled with vaporizing unit via liquid feeding pipeline, to supply liquefied fuel to described vaporizing unit; And supercharging device, be communicated with device for storing liquid fluid, for increasing the internal pressure of device for storing liquid.
Another mode of execution according to a first aspect of the invention, can also comprise one or more pump arrangement be arranged in coolant circulation system.
Another mode of execution according to a first aspect of the invention, can also comprise the temperature transducer be arranged in coolant circulation system, and it is configured for the temperature of sensing cooling liquid, to determine the starting time of motor.
A mode of execution more according to a first aspect of the invention, can also comprise first timer, is configured for and carries out timing to the operation of heating equipment, to determine the starting time of motor.
Another mode of execution according to a first aspect of the invention, also comprise cooling liquid outlet place second temperature transducer being arranged on vaporizing unit, be configured for the temperature of sensing engine coolant, to determine to make heater stop provide the time of heat to vaporizing unit.
Another mode of execution according to a first aspect of the invention, can also comprise second timer, is configured for and carries out timing to the operation of heating equipment, to determine to make heater stop provide the time of heat to vaporizing unit.
A mode of execution more according to a first aspect of the invention, supercharging device can be arranged in boost-up circuit, comprises connected in series from supercharging switch gear, from Pressure elation Control Unit and empty bath formula vaporizer.
Another mode of execution according to a first aspect of the invention, fuel system can also comprise guiding device, and the hot gas for being given off by heating equipment guides to supercharging device place.
Another mode of execution according to a first aspect of the invention, heating equipment can comprise outlet port, and it can be coupled with the after-treatment system of vehicle, introduces in after-treatment system processing with the hot gas given off by heating equipment.
A mode of execution more according to a first aspect of the invention, heating equipment can also comprise cooling liquid entrance for warm braw heat-exchanger rig and cooling liquid outlet, to provide heat to this warm braw heat-exchanger rig.
Additionally provide a kind of Vehicular system according to a second aspect of the invention, it comprises fuel system according to a first aspect of the present invention.
According to technological scheme of the present invention, a kind of associating adopt heating equipment and motor to provide the technology of vaporization institute calorific requirement for vaporizing unit, before LNG engine start, utilize heating equipment to preheat vaporizing unit, and can provide by motor the heat performed needed for vaporization during the normal running of LNG motor.Thus, fuel system of the present invention can when LNG motor starting cold for LNG vaporizing unit provides enough heats, for motor provides the rock gas of pressure, temperature stabilization.Meanwhile, according to preferred embodiment, can also promote that liquefied fuel is from the outflow in storage tank.Thus, according to fuel system of the present invention, when starting cold for motor provides enough gaseous fuels, thus starting performance and the emission performance of motor can be improved, improve the environmental suitability of LNG motor.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By being described in detail to mode of execution shown by reference to the accompanying drawings, above-mentioned and other features of the present invention will be more obvious.In accompanying drawing of the present invention, identical label represents same or analogous parts, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows liquefied fuel power system of the prior art.
Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram of the liquefied fuel power system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of the heating equipment that can use in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 shows the schematic diagram of the liquefied fuel supply system that can use in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 shows according to an embodiment of the invention for operating the flow chart of the method for this liquefied fuel power system.
Embodiment
Hereinafter, liquefied fuel power system provided by the invention and the method for operating liquefied fuel power system are described in detail by mode of execution with reference to accompanying drawing.Should be appreciated that, following mode of execution is only illustrative, and not restrictive.
First, with reference to Fig. 1, liquefied fuel power system of the prior art is described.Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of the liquefied fuel power system 100 according to prior art.
As shown in Figure 1, this liquefied fuel power system 100 can comprise fuel system 101 (illustrating with dotted line frame in figure) and motor 102.Wherein fuel system 101 is coupled with motor 102 via coolant circulation system 103 (illustrating with dotted line frame in figure), can utilize the heat from engine coolant in engine operation process.In addition, this fuel system 101 is also coupled with motor by motor supply air line 1016, thinks that motor 102 provides vaporized fuel.Motor 102 all LNG in this way motor, for by burning gaseous fuels for vehicle provides power.This coolant circulation system 103 by engine side heat exchanger, fuel system side heat exchanger, from motor 102 to the cooling liquid pipeline of fuel system 101 and from fuel system 101 to the coolant circuit that the cooling liquid pipeline of motor 102 forms.Sent to fuel system side heat exchanger by the cooling liquid heated via cooling liquid pipeline, to provide the heat generated needed for vaporized fuel for fuel system in engine side heat exchanger.Cooling liquid turns back to engine side heat exchanger to be reheated further across pipeline after the heat exchanger of fuel system side.
This fuel system 101 can comprise device for storing liquid 1011, vaporizing unit 1012 and caisson 1013.Device for storing liquid 1013 is liquid containers of such as LNG tank, wherein stores liquefied fuel.Device for storing liquid 1011 is coupled with vaporizing unit 1012 by liquid feeding pipeline 1014, to provide liquefied fuel by liquid feeding pipeline 1014 to vaporizing unit 1012.This device for storing liquid 1011 can refill liquefied fuel.Vaporizing unit 1012 can be such as water bath type vaporizer, and it receives the liquefied fuel from device for storing liquid 1011 via liquid feeding pipeline 1014.This vaporizing unit 1012 comprises cooling liquid entrance for engine coolant and cooling liquid outlet, to utilize the heat from engine coolant after the engine is started up, liquefied fuel is vaporized into vaporized fuel.Particularly, this vaporizing unit 1012, by absorbing heat with via coolant circulation system 103 from the heat exchange of the cooling liquid of motor 102, makes liquefied fuel be vaporized into vaporized fuel.Such as LNG is converted to compressed natural gas (CNG).Vaporized fuel after vaporizing unit 1012 vaporization is entered in caisson 1013 by the air delivering pipeline 1015 be connected between vaporizing unit 1012 and caisson 1013.Caisson 1013 includes air supply outlet, and this air supply outlet can be connected with engine fuel inlet via motor supply air line 1016.Thus, the vaporized fuel in caisson 1013 can be supplied to the fuel inlet of motor 102 by the motor supply air line 1016 between caisson 1013 and motor 102, to provide vaporized fuel to motor.This motor 102 is such as LNG motor, and it utilizes the vaporized fuel (such as CNG) obtained of vaporizing to carry out burning generation power, thus drives vehicle wheel rotation.
In motor 102 working procedure, burning can produce a large amount of heat, and the temperature for the cooling liquid of cooled engine 102 is also very high for ambient temperature.This high temperature coolant can be supplied to vaporizing unit 1012 by coolant circulation system 103, in order to heat the liquefied fuel in vaporizing unit 1012, thus provides the heat needed for vaporization for it.The waste gas that motor 102 burns such as enters in after-treatment system and is further processed.
This system 100 can further include the heat exchange amount controller 1017 on the pipeline being positioned at coolant circulation system 103, it is according to the flow of the temperature controlled cooling model liquid of cooling liquid, thus control is supplied to the heat of vaporizing unit to control the temperature of the vaporized fuel of vaporization generation thus, and then prevents the intake temperature of motor too high and cause engine knock.In addition, the liquefied fuel power system 100 shown in Fig. 1 can also comprise intercooler 104, and it is for being reduced to applicable temperature by the temperature entering motor 102 vaporized fuel.
But, as mentioned before, according to the liquefied fuel power system 100 of the prior art, when starting cold, when especially ambient temperature is lower, the pressure in liquid container can be caused lower, thus make the outflow difficulty of liquid fuel.In addition, the heat needed for vaporization also there will be under-supply situation, causes the undercharge of LNG.Therefore, have that LNG starting performance is bad, environmental suitability is poor, discharge the problems such as bad.
The present inventor is devoted to the research to the problems referred to above always.In actual applications, inventor notices, after each stopping power operation, is generally used for retaining some vaporized fuel in the gas holder 6 of storage vaporized fuel.These gaseous fuels usually can upper once start time be supplied to LNG motor and used by it.
The present inventor, after noticing this situation, for the problems of the prior art, proposes a kind of brand-new solution.According to this solution, for liquefied fuel power system provides one for carrying out pre-warmed heating equipment to vaporizing unit, and these remaining vaporized fuel are incorporated in heating equipment, as the fuel for ignition heating equipment.For this reason, the invention provides a kind of liquefied fuel power system of improvement.
Hereinafter, the liquefied fuel power system according to the embodiment of the present invention will be first described with reference to Figure 2.Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram of the liquefied fuel power system 200 according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in Figure 2, liquefied fuel power system 200 of the present invention is similar with the liquefied fuel power system 100 of prior art, also comprises fuel system 201 (being illustrated by dotted line frame), motor 202 and coolant circulation system 203 (illustrating with dotted line frame).This fuel system 201 can comprise device for storing liquid 2011, vaporizing unit 2012 and caisson 2013, connect the liquid feeding pipeline 2014 of device for storing liquid 2011 and vaporizing unit 2012, be connected the air delivering pipeline 2015 of vaporizing unit 2012 and caisson 2013 and the motor supply air line 2016 of connection caisson 2013 and motor 202.This system also comprises the heat exchange amount controller 2017 on the pipeline being positioned at coolant circulation system 203, and these parts are all similar with the respective element of Fig. 1, are not described in detail at this.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, this fuel system 201 can also comprise heating equipment 2018, and this heating equipment is such as combustion heater, and it is connected with caisson 2013 by heating supply air line 2019.When initial, heating equipment 2018 will utilize the remaining vaporized fuel ignition in caisson 2013.
This fuel system 201 comprises another coolant circulation system 2020 further, it comprise heating equipment side heat exchanger, vaporizing unit side heat exchanger, from heating equipment 2018 to the liquid line of vaporizing unit 2012 and from vaporizing unit 2012 to the liquid line of heating equipment 2018 composition coolant circuit.The liquid heated by this heating equipment 2018 is supplied to vaporizing unit 2012 via this another coolant circulation system 2020, preheats with liquid towards fuel in vaporizing unit 2012.The cooling liquid flowed out from vaporizing unit 2010 turns back to heating equipment side heat exchanger further by pipeline, thus forms circulation loop.One or more pump arrangement 2021 can be comprised, for promoting circulating of circulatory system internal coolant in this another coolant circulation system 2020.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, before motor 202 starting cold, first remaining vaporized fuel in storage vapour device 2013 is guided in heating equipment 2018, instead of motor 202 is provided as prior art.Heating equipment 2018 utilizes these remaining vaporized fuel ignitions, and takes fire in firing chamber, and the heat that combustion process produces passes to cooling liquid by heat exchange.This high temperature coolant is circulated to vaporizing unit 2012 place in this another coolant circulation system 2020, to be undertaken heat vaporized by the heat exchanger in vaporizing unit 2012 by the liquefied fuel in vaporizing unit 2012.Vaporize the vaporized fuel (such as CNG) that obtains further for the burning of heating equipment 2018 provides fuel, thus makes heating equipment 2018 can sustained combustion, and continue to provide heat for the vaporization of vaporizing unit 2012.
Vaporizing unit 2012 is being preheated to a certain extent, such as, after substantially meeting the requirement of starting LNG motor in the tolerance of vaporization, 202 can piloted engine.
In an embodiment of the invention, the temperature transducer being arranged in this another coolant circulation system 2020 can be comprised, this temperature transducer can be arranged on any suitable position in this another coolant circulation system 2020, for sensing the coolant temperature in this another coolant circulation system 2020, particularly turn back to the coolant temperature of heating equipment 2018 from vaporizing unit 2012.Especially, this temperature transducer can be arranged from the cooling liquid pipeline of vaporizing unit 2012 to heating equipment 2018, also can be arranged on the cooling liquid outlet place of vaporizing unit 2012 or the cooling liquid ingress of heating equipment 2018.When the water temperature sensed reaches the cranking temperature threshold value of setting, pilot engine.
In another embodiment of the method in accordance with the present invention, can timer be comprised, for carrying out timing to the operation of heating equipment 2018, the time-out time of this timer be set to for pilot engine 202 starting time section.When this timer expiry, that is, when heating equipment 2018 operates the starting time section of setting, pilot engine.
After motor 202 starts, a part of vaporized fuel in caisson 2013 will be provided in motor 202 and burn.Cooling liquid for cooled engine can be provided to vaporizing unit 2012 place as prior art, thus heats vaporizing unit 2012 together with heating equipment 2018, promotes the vaporization of liquefied fuel further.
Further, only relying on motor just can for after vaporizing unit 2012 provides enough heats, for the consideration of energy saving and safety, can the preheat operation of heating-stopping apparatus 2018 pairs of vaporizing units 2012, even if heater stop provides heat to vaporizing unit.In one embodiment according to the present invention, another temperature transducer can be comprised, this another temperature transducer can be arranged on the suitable position of working as in coolant circulation system 2017, in order to sense the coolant temperature in this coolant circulation system 2017, particularly turn back to the coolant temperature of engine side from vaporizing unit 2012.Especially, this temperature transducer can be arranged from vaporizing unit 2012 to the pipeline of motor 202, also can be arranged on the cooling liquid ingress of motor 202, or be arranged on the cooling liquid outlet place of vaporizing unit 2012.When the temperature of the engine coolant recorded reaches the stopping temperature threshold of setting, can the preheat operation of heating-stopping apparatus 8 pairs of vaporizing units 2.Such as, heating equipment 2018 can be closed and electric pumping device 2021 is quit work.
According to an embodiment of the invention, also can after heating equipment 2018 perform the time period of preheat operation setting, the preheat operation of heating-stopping apparatus 2018 pairs of vaporizing units 2012.Such as, can comprise another timer for carrying out timing to preheat operation, the time-out time of this timer is set to stop pre-warmed stop time section.When this timer expiry, can the preheat operation of heating-stopping apparatus 2018 pairs of vaporizing units 2012.
According to an embodiment of the invention, device for storing liquid 2011 can also be equipped with supercharging device 2022, be such as empty bath formula vaporizer, be configured for the internal pressure being increased the device for storing liquid 2011 storing liquefied fuel by heat exchange, thus impel liquefied fuel to flow out in liquid container 2011.This supercharging device is communicated with liquid container fluid, and can absorbing environmental heat to make, the temperature of the liquid fuel flowing through this supercharging device raises, volumetric expansion, thus tank internal pressure is increased.But, when ambient temperature is extremely low, possibly cannot be exchanged by normal heat and increase liquid container internal pressure.
For this problem, the present inventor considers in heating equipment 2018 combustion process, can produce a large amount of waste gas, and this waste gas is high-temperature gas.Therefore, the outlet port of this heating equipment can be connected to after-treatment system by tube equipment, thus make waste gas be provided in after-treatment system by this tube equipment (not shown), to be further processed, improve emission performance.Based on above-mentioned situation, the present inventor is susceptible to and can adopts guiding device, such as fan etc., and the gas at least partially given off by heating equipment guides to supercharging device 2022 place, thus the ambient temperature near increase self-supercharging device, promote its at low ambient temperatures from pressurization.
In addition, can according to the interior condition in device for storing liquid 2011, the conditions such as such as pressure, temperature, liquid level, carry out automatic pressure booster 2022, so that the internal pressure of device for storing liquid 2011 is maintained proper level.
Describe hereinbefore, stop preheating vaporizing unit by closedown heating equipment and water pump.But the present invention is not limited thereto.
In an embodiment of the invention, the cooling liquid heated via heating equipment 2018 can be guided to any other parts place needing heating, such as warming oneself in windshield demist, car.Such as, in an embodiment of the invention, can also comprise warm braw heat-exchanger rig 205, it can pass through such as a cooling recirculation system 206 again and be communicated with described heating equipment 2018 fluid.Particularly, this heating equipment has cooling liquid outlet for warm braw heat-exchanger rig and cooling liquid entrance, to provide heat to this warm braw heat-exchanger rig.The cooling liquid of this warm-air exchanger device and heating equipment carries out heat exchange, thus provides warm braw.One or more pump arrangement 2061 can be comprised for promoting liquid circulation in this again a cooling recirculation system 206.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that above-mentioned starting threshold value, starting time section, outage threshold and stop time section can rule of thumb be determined, or determined by repetition test.
It should be noted that, the outage threshold of above-mentioned stopping preheat operation usually above the starting threshold value of piloting engine, and stops the pre-warmed time period usually above the time period of piloting engine.But according to the present invention, also can while piloting engine heating-stopping apparatus preheating vaporizing unit.Usually, a period of time stops preheating after the start of the engine is preferred, this is because can when motor still can not provide the heat needed for normal running for vaporizing unit alone, can also continue to provide heat needed for vaporization to vaporizing unit by heating equipment, starting performance and emission performance can be improved further like this.
Stopping, to after the preheating of vaporizing unit 2012, entering course of normal operation, wherein normal working of engine, and only utilizing the vaporization that the cooling liquid of motor 202 is LNG to provide heat.In normal manipulation mode, heat exchange amount controller 2017 can be utilized to carry out the flow of controlled cooling model liquid according to the temperature of engine coolant, thus control is supplied to the heat of vaporizing unit to control the temperature of the vaporized fuel of vaporization generation thus, and then prevent from causing natural gas engine detonation because intake temperature is too high.In addition, the gas outlet pressure and temperature position of caisson 2013 should be maintained within a certain range, to prevent the serious surge of motor or to lose fire.Above measure can make gas source temperature pressure stability, ensures that engine behavior is stablized.
It should be noted that, after-treatment system etc. has been shown in Fig. 2, this is just for the object of clear description.In fact, liquefied fuel power system of the present invention can not comprise after-treatment system etc.
In addition, although in the embodiment of above-mentioned Fig. 2, by the residue vaporized fuel in device for storing liquid 2013 for heating equipment 2018 provides fuel, but it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that and other mode of executions of fuel source can be provided also to be feasible to heating equipment 2018.
In addition, although in the embodiment of above-mentioned Fig. 2, describe the operation of heating-stopping apparatus 2018 after the engine is started up and be only the heat of vaporized fuel by the cooling liquid from motor for heating equipment 2012 provides vaporization of liquid fuel, but those skilled in the art should understand that, also can be after the engine is started up, still only by heating equipment 2018 for vaporizing unit provides heat, or both are simultaneously for vaporizing unit 2012 provides heat.This depends on concrete design alternative.
In addition, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 respectively illustrates the example of heating equipment and the fuel system that can use in the present invention.Hereinafter, heating equipment and fuel system is introduced further with reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.
As shown in Figure 3, an embodiment of the heating equipment 300 that can adopt in the present invention is shown.This heating equipment is such as combustion heater, and it carrys out the fluid dielectric coolant in the heated cooling fluid circulatory system according to combustion heat-exchange principle by burn gas fuel, and rely on fluid dielectric coolant circulate reach the object that other devices are heated.As an example, this combustion heater 300 mainly comprises outer shield 301, gas path joint 302, exhaust outlet 303, firing chamber 304, after-burner 305, heat exchanger 306, heater water outlet 307, blast nozzle 308, water pump 309, heater water intake 310, fan 311 and air inlet 312.
Arrive blast nozzle 308 from the remaining vaporized fuel of caisson 2013 by gas path joint 302 via the 4th pipeline 2019 (as shown in Figure 2), combustion-supporting air by air inlet 312 and fan 311 auxiliary under enter firing chamber 304.After firing, the vaporized fuel arriving blast nozzle takes fire under the effect of combustion-supporting air, forms flame.The waste gas formed after burning enters after-burner 305, and itself and the heat exchanger be arranged in around after-burner 305 carry out heat exchange, transfer heat to the cooling liquid of heat exchanger 306 inside.Waste gas after burning eventually passes through exhaust outlet 303 and discharges.
The water outlet 307 of this heating equipment is connected to vaporizing unit 2012 via the cooling liquid pipeline from heating equipment to vaporizing unit, and water intake 310 is connected to vaporizing unit 2012 via the cooling liquid pipeline from vaporizing unit to heating equipment.Cooling liquid after heating is recycled to vaporizing unit 2012 place through heater water outlet 307, heats vaporizing unit 2012.Subsequently, the cooling liquid after vaporizing unit 2012 gets back to heater body again at heater water intake 310, and is again heated.So move in circles, achieve the continuous heating to vaporizing unit 2012.Between vaporizing unit 2012 and the water inlet 310 of this heating equipment 2018, the water pump 309 of pump arrangement can also be provided as, for promoting circulating of the cooling liquid of heating equipment 8.
Usually, in the power-on operation of this heating equipment, first start water pump 309 and make cooling liquid start to circulate.Subsequently, after the such as various detection such as load detecting, element fault detection, heater is started working, heater is lighted a fire.Lighting a fire successfully, heater enters normal operating state.Controller will carry out the fluid dielectric coolant temperature of controlled circulation internal system according to the cooling-water temperature sensor at calorifier inlets place, make the water temperature being supplied to vaporizing unit keep constant.Keep the constant process of water temperature can be the process automatically controlled, when water temperature reaches setting temperature CLV ceiling limit value, put out a fire and stop burning, and when water temperature is to setting temperature lower limit, again lights a fire and burn.In addition, combustion heater also can be made to support Non-follow control, namely can open at any time as required or close heater.On the other hand, in the power-off operation of heater, usually first close heater, finally stop water pump.
In addition, Fig. 4 also show the example of the fuel system that can use in the present invention.As shown in Figure 4, this system comprise tank body 401, find time plug Va, main safety valve S1, secondary safety valve S2, atmospheric valve V1, inlet check valve V2, hand stop valve V3, Restrictor Valves V4, save valve V5, equilibrium valve V6, pressure maintaining valve V7, manually from supercharging stop valve V8, from boost pressure regulation valve V9, topping up joint/aerating panel C2, pressure gauge Pg, level meter Lg, self-supercharging device Pr2, water bath type vaporizer Pr1 and surge tank.
Wherein, tank body 401 for storing the gaseous fuel of liquefaction, such as LNG.LNG can be filled by filling machine to tank body by topping up interface/aerating panel C2, and control fuel by inlet check valve V2 and make it enter tank interior.Supply system also comprises atmospheric valve V1, for the release of gas tank pressure.
Liquefied fuel in tank can be provided to vaporizer Pr1 through equilibrium valve V6, and this vaporizer Pr1 is the vaporizing unit mentioned above, such as, be water bath type vaporizer.Cooling liquid enters vaporizer by circulating water entrance, and carries out heat exchange with vaporizer, thus liquefied fuel vaporization is vaporized fuel, and such as LNG is converted into CNG.Cooling liquid is discharged through circulating water outlet.
Preferably, destroy to prevent peripheral air supply system and cause leaking in a large number of fuel, hand stop valve V3 can be set between vaporizing unit Pr1 and equilibrium valve 6 and cross flow shutoff valve V4.The CNG that obtains of vaporizing is stored in surge tank (corresponding to the gas holder above), uses gas demand for what maintain motor.Pressure maintaining valve V7 can also be set between vaporizing unit Pr1 and surge tank, for controlling the tolerance entering motor.
This Operation system setting has pressure gauge Pg for showing gas cylinder internal pressure, is provided with level meter Lg, and it such as obtains the liquid level of pot liquid according to the size of dividing plate electric capacity by capacitance level gauge.Find time to fill in Va for providing the protection to tank shell when inner ultrahigh pressure.When inner bag occurs to leak, will cause chuck internal pressure superelevation, when interlayer pressure arrives predetermined value, such as, during 0.1 to 0.2MPa, plug of finding time carries out pressure release by automatically opening.
Main safety valve S1 and secondary safety valve S2 is used for pressure release mode protective pot.At secure context, the inner bag of this gas cylinder is designed with two-stage pressure relief valve and plays a protective role when superpressure.In superpressure situation, first open main safety valve, its cracking pressure is 1.75MPa (253psi), and the cracking pressure of secondary safety valve is 2.41MPa (350psi).Malfunctioning or when breaking down at main safety valve, secondary safety valve work.Guarantee the use safety of gas cylinder like this.
Saving valve V5 may be used for the pressure in regulating tank, and when pressure of the inside of a bottle is higher than saving valve V5 setting pressure, the gas phase (i.e. gaseous natural gas) in bottle is supplied to motor by saving valve, thus reduces gas cylinder internal pressure.
In addition, it should be noted that, this air supply system comprises self-supercharging device, and it is arranged in boost-up circuit.This self-supercharging device comprise manually from supercharging stop valve V8, from boost pressure regulation valve V9, sky bath formula vaporizer Pr2 as automatic pressure intensifier.Liquefied fuel in tank manually flows into empty bath formula vaporizer Pr2 from supercharging stop valve (V8) with from boost pressure regulation valve, liquefied fuel absorbs heat expansion in vaporizer, pressure enters tank interior after raising again, the heat absorbed is used as the latent heat of vaporization from the outside feed flow of tank body, to make the pressure in gas cylinder remain on a higher level, air feed so just can be made more smooth and easy.Arrange in pressure piping from supercharging throttle valve (V9) in order to control from boost pressure regulation level.This boost pressure regulation level can Non-follow control, also can based on environmental conditions, and in such as tank, situation etc. perform automatic control, to realize more effective supercharging.
It should be noted that, be that the present invention is not limited thereto for exemplary object above with reference to the description of Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 to heating equipment and fuel system.Can according to practical application this structure be changed, replaces and be added, or other any suitable structures can be adopted.
According to the present invention, heating equipment and engine device are all that the vaporized fuel utilizing same liquefied fuel to vaporize to obtain carries out work, if therefore overcome the complex structure problem using different fuel to bring.
In addition, pass through embodiments of the present invention, vaporized fuel ignition heating equipment remaining in system can be utilized before starting cold, and by this heating equipment, vaporizing unit is preheated, thus promote the vaporization of liquefied fuel, vaporizing the vaporized fuel obtained again can further for heating equipment provides sufficient fuel.When heating equipment can provide comparatively sufficient vaporized fuel, such as, when meeting engine start condition as above, can pilot engine, be that vaporizing unit heats by the cooling liquid of motor further.Be enough to for after vaporizing unit provides heat by means of only motor, then heating-stopping apparatus preheating vaporizing unit.Such as can switch off the pump and heating equipment, or the cooling liquid of the circulatory system is directed to other positions needing heating, such as, guide to warm-air drier, for use in vehicle interior heat-obtaining or vehicle windscreen defrosting.
In addition, because the liquid container storing liquefied fuel can be connected with vaporizing unit by the pipeline (such as metal tubes) with thermal conductive resin, so a part of heat that vaporizing unit obtains from heating equipment and/or motor also can be delivered to this liquid container by this pipeline, thus the pressure of liquid container inside is increased, promote that liquefied fuel is from the outflow in liquid container.And, when vaporizing good, also mitigate the problem that discharge is bad.
In addition, present invention also offers a kind of method for operating this liquefied fuel power system.Be described in detail below with reference to Fig. 5.
First in step S501, gaseous state inflammable gas remaining in system is utilized to carry out ignition heating equipment.
As mentioned above, after each vehicle stops, can more remaining vaporized fuel in gas holder 6.Remain in vaporized fuel in gas holder 6 before after engine running and can be provided to heating equipment by the supply air line (the heating supply air line 2019 shown in Fig. 2) between the gas path joint that is connected to gas holder 6 and heating equipment 8.Heater is lighted a fire, vaporized fuel combustion-supporting air auxiliary under take fire.
Then, in step S502, heating equipment is utilized to preheat vaporizing unit.
After ignition heating equipment, in the heater circulatory system, the cooling liquid of such as water is heated, cooling liquid after heating is directed to vaporizing unit place in the circulatory system, provides heat, thus promote that vaporizing unit is to the vaporization of liquefied fuel by carrying out heat exchange for vaporizing unit with vaporizing unit.On the other hand, the liquefied fuel gaseous natural gas obtained of vaporizing provides fuel for the burning of heating equipment in its firing chamber again further.Therefore, heating equipment can continue to preheat vaporizing unit.
Then, in step S503, after the motor starting vehicle, heating and vaporizing device is carried out by the heat from engine coolant.
Vaporizing unit is preheated to substantially can provide fuel for the starting of motor time, can pilot engine.Such as, can the temperature of the heating equipment cooling liquid in order to preheat vaporizing unit reach start threshold value time, or after performing and preheating a predetermined amount of time, to pilot engine.Concrete cranking temperature threshold value and time period can be determined by repetition test, or rule of thumb determine.
After engine start, can produce larger heat, the coolant temperature for cooled engine is usually very high, and this high temperature coolant can heat vaporizing unit further, to provide the heat needed for vaporization for vaporizing unit.
In addition, during engine work, the heat of generation will be very high, should be enough to, for vaporizing unit heating, therefore in order to not cause the waste of the energy, and considering from security standpoint, can stop heater preheating vaporizing unit in due course.Therefore, in one embodiment according to the present invention, when the temperature of the engine coolant for heating and vaporizing device reaches outage threshold, heating-stopping apparatus preheating vaporizing unit.In another embodiment of the method in accordance with the present invention, after preheating the time period performing another setting, this is stopped to preheat.In addition, also can after predetermined time section of piloting engine heating-stopping apparatus preheating vaporizing unit.This stopping temperature threshold and time period can be determined by repetition test equally, or rule of thumb determine
Preheating vaporizing unit can being stopped by closing heating equipment, also cooling liquid can being guided to any parts place that other need heating, such as warming oneself in windshield demist, car.
In addition, in the process of heating equipment burning, have large quantity of exhaust gas and discharge, these waste gas typical temperatures are also higher.In one embodiment according to the present invention, the hot gas that vehicle heating device gives off is guided to the self-supercharging device place of the storage device for storing liquefied fuel, to increase the internal pressure of storage device by heat exchange.This self-supercharging device is such as empty bath formula vaporizer.Like this, the used heat of heating equipment can be effectively utilized, make the pressure of the liquid container when temperature is lower also enough high, thus successfully can flow out liquefied fuel at low temperature, and there is no need for special material to manufacture this LNG tank.In another embodiment of the method in accordance with the present invention, cooling liquid is guided to the warm braw heat-exchanger rig place that warm braw is provided, in order to by heating equipment for warm braw heat-exchanger rig provides heat.
In addition, the waste gas that heating equipment emits may have harmful matter, and the hot gas that therefore described vehicle heating device can be given off is introduced in after-treatment system, to be further processed.
In addition, present invention also offers a kind of Vehicular system comprising fuel system of the present invention.
It should be noted that, using LNG as the example of liquefied fuel, invention has been described hereinbefore.But the present invention is not limited to this, but go for the motor adopting other liquefied fuels that are existing or that occur in the future.
It should be noted that, hereinbefore for purposes of illustration, the vehicle heater that composition graphs 3 provides and the fuel system that Fig. 4 provides are described heating equipment of the present invention and fuel system, but the present invention is not limited thereto, according to of the present invention open, those skilled in the art can carry out various change, distortion and replacement to it.
The present invention can be applied to the various vehicles that such as bus, truck, bus etc. adopt liquid fuel, and can be applied to the mechanically moving, boats and ships etc. that utilize liquid fuel.In addition, also can be applied to any being suitable for uses in equipment of the present invention.
In addition, hereinbefore, be described, but the present invention is not limited thereto using water as the instantiation of cooling medium, in fact the present invention can also adopt any suitable cooling liquid being added with the applicable materials such as such as antifreezing solution.
Although describe the present invention with reference to the mode of execution considered at present, should be appreciated that and the invention is not restricted to disclosed mode of execution.On the contrary, the present invention is intended to contain the interior included various amendment of spirit and scope and the equivalent arrangements of claims.The scope of following claim meets most broad interpretation, to comprise all such amendments and equivalent structure and function.
Claims (14)
1., for the fuel system to motor supply vaporized fuel, it is characterized in that, described fuel system comprises:
Vaporizing unit, being configured to vaporization of liquid fuel is vaporized fuel;
Caisson, it to be coupled with vaporizing unit by air delivering pipeline and to be arranged to the vaporized fuel storing and vaporize and obtain, this caisson also comprises air supply outlet, and this air supply outlet can be connected to provide vaporized fuel to motor via motor supply air line with engine fuel inlet; And
Heating equipment, it is coupled to obtain vaporized fuel from this caisson by heating supply air line with caisson, and be coupled with described vaporizing unit by a coolant circulation system, to provide heat liquefied fuel being vaporized into vaporized fuel to described vaporizing unit
Wherein said heating equipment utilizes vaporized fuel ignition remaining in described caisson.
2. fuel system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described vaporizing unit comprises cooling liquid entrance for engine coolant and cooling liquid outlet, to utilize the heat from engine coolant after the engine is started up, liquefied fuel is vaporized into vaporized fuel.
3. fuel system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described heating equipment is configured to provide to described vaporizing unit heat liquefied fuel being vaporized into vaporized fuel at least before the engine is started up.
4. the fuel system according to any one of Claim 1-3, is characterized in that, described fuel system also comprises:
For the device for storing liquid of storing liquid fuel, it is coupled with described vaporizing unit via liquid feeding pipeline, to supply liquefied fuel to described vaporizing unit; And
Supercharging device, is communicated with device for storing liquid fluid, for increasing the internal pressure of device for storing liquid.
5. the fuel system according to any one of Claim 1-3, is characterized in that, also comprises one or more pump arrangement be arranged in described coolant circulation system.
6. the fuel system according to any one of Claim 1-3, also comprises the temperature transducer be arranged in described coolant circulation system, and it is configured for the temperature of sensing cooling liquid, to determine the starting time of motor.
7. the fuel system according to any one of Claim 1-3, also comprises first timer, is configured for and carries out timing to the operation of heating equipment, to determine the starting time of motor.
8. fuel system according to claim 2, also comprise the temperature transducer at the described cooling liquid outlet place being arranged on described vaporizing unit, be configured for the temperature of sensing engine coolant, to determine to make heater stop provide the time of heat to described vaporizing unit.
9. the fuel system according to any one of Claim 1-3, also comprises timer, is configured for and carries out timing to the operation of heating equipment, to determine to make heater stop provide the time of heat to described vaporizing unit.
10. fuel system according to claim 4, wherein said supercharging device is arranged in boost-up circuit, comprises connected in series from supercharging switch gear, from Pressure elation Control Unit and empty bath formula vaporizer.
11. fuel systems according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described fuel system also comprises guiding device, and the hot gas for being given off by described heating equipment guides to described supercharging device place.
12. fuel systems according to any one of Claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, described heating equipment comprises outlet port, and it can be coupled with the after-treatment system of vehicle, introduces in described after-treatment system processing with the hot gas given off by described heating equipment.
13. fuel systems according to any one of Claim 1-3, is characterized in that, described heating equipment also comprises cooling liquid entrance for warm braw heat-exchanger rig and cooling liquid outlet, to provide heat to this warm braw heat-exchanger rig.
14. 1 kinds of Vehicular systems, comprise the fuel system according to any one of claim 1 to 13.
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| CN103452706B (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2016-01-20 | 武汉交发船舶设计有限公司 | Vaporizer evaporating capacity automatic regulating system peculiar to vessel and Automatic adjustment method |
| CN103644049B (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2016-01-27 | 山东大学 | LNG Liquefied natural gas Engine Inlet Temperature control system and controlling method |
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| CN105715952B (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2018-10-12 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Moving energy station and its energy utilization method |
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| US11371654B2 (en) | 2017-04-25 | 2022-06-28 | Chart Inc. | Pressure building cryogenic fluid delivery system |
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