CN102233441B - Continuous automatic inner-chip removal deep-hole inner-reaming cutter based on spray-absorption mechanism - Google Patents
Continuous automatic inner-chip removal deep-hole inner-reaming cutter based on spray-absorption mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN102233441B CN102233441B CN 201110092670 CN201110092670A CN102233441B CN 102233441 B CN102233441 B CN 102233441B CN 201110092670 CN201110092670 CN 201110092670 CN 201110092670 A CN201110092670 A CN 201110092670A CN 102233441 B CN102233441 B CN 102233441B
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Abstract
The invention provides a continuous automatic inner-chip removal deep-hole inner-reaming cutter based on a spray-absorption mechanism, which can realize large-amplitude inner-reaming of ultra-long deep blind and through holes, flexibly form various profiled holes with conical surfaces, spherical surfaces and cylindrical surfaces, and meet the machining requirements for high precision and high efficiency. The continuous automatic inner-chip removal deep-hole inner-reaming cutter is mainly characterized in that an eccentric structure with eccentric quantity is arranged between a rotary cutter bit and a cutter body; a screw pair converts movement of a push-and-pull rod into rotation of the rotary cutter bit, and blades arranged on the rotary cutter bit extend and retract through a cutter holder; and guide strips and damping rods are alternately and uniformly distributed in a square groove of an island-style structure in the cutter body so as to achieve the effects of accurate guidance and good cutting stability. The continuous automatic inner-chip removal deep-hole inner-reaming cutter has the advantages that the spray-absorption mechanism is adopted in inner-chip removal operation, and segmented and layered machining methods are adopted in the process, thus being feasible for precise inner-reaming of the ultra-long deep holes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the interior broad of a kind of deep hole, particularly based on broad in the continuously automatically interior chip removal deep-hole of spray suction mechanism.
Background technology
In the deep hole machining field, in order to solve the deep hole processing special holes difficult problem that waits broad in the middle small in ends, people once designed some more outstanding device and technical schemes.As being used for early that aircraft takeoffs and landings is erected the electrochemical machining method of macropore in the middle of loss of weight and the damping effect and being published in " mechanical technology teacher " the 7th phase borer of the 23rd page in 2000, they make the processing of profiled holes such as deep hole such as grade broad in the middle small in ends obtain realization in to a certain degree, and have obtained considerable economic benefit.But Electrolyzed Processing is limited to use because environmental pollution is serious and efficient is extremely low gradually; Though the above-mentioned borer of mentioning adopts the machine add mode to improve significantly working (machining) efficiency, but along with propositions more to various processing special holes in the deep hole machining, requirements at the higher level, find that also there is following deficiency in this device: 1. its blade determines its neatly middle macropore of boring different pore size around the stretch mode of alignment pin rotation, and the bore hole amplitude is subject to the maximum back engagement of the cutting edge of blade, assembly precision when aperture precision also depends on the dress cutter, the error that blade abrasion brings can't be mended and be tasted.2. the processing of the conical surface etc. realized that by the shaping blade range of application is wideless.3. the front clearance mode makes it can only process through hole, and is helpless to blind hole.4. the rotation mode of pull bar for the processing of ultralong deep hole because the not good enough meeting of torsional rigidity causes the aperture size precision not enough.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is that broad in a kind of deep hole is provided, with chip removal mode in continuously and automatically realize the blind deep hole of overlength, logical deep hole significantly in outside the reaming, the various profiled holes of the forming belt conical surface, sphere and cylinder satisfy high accuracy, high efficiency process requirements neatly.
To achieve these goals, the main technical scheme of the present invention is: use on eccentric structure and the process means on the Tool Design and adopt layering, segmental machining.The present invention is comprised of cutter hub, rotary cutter, cutter holder, blade and pull bar: cutter hub is furnished with three row gib block and shock absorption bars in the first-class angle of periphery, and each is listed on the axis and settles gib block and shock absorption bar with rule at certain intervals; With in the eccentric cylinder hole on the matched in clearance assembling cutter hub, the straight pin of an interference assembling extend into moving axially in the time of preventing its rotation in the rotary cutter neck cannelure to rotary cutter on the cutter hub by the neck external cylindrical surface; The cutter holder is by in the square groove of screw attachment to the rotary cutter, and blade is by in the cutter groove of screw attachment to the cutter holder; The straight pin that pull bar is arranged by front end forms the screw pair that cooperates with rotary cutter afterbody helicla flute, the straight pin that assembles with the cutter hub interference extend into flat square groove on the pull bar can balance its adding the moment of torsion in man-hour.When the stressed move left and right of pull bar, the screw pair that cooperates with it just is converted into straight-line displacement the rotation of rotary cutter, thereby the involute motion that makes point of a knife have distance to increase or dwindle gradually with respect to the cutter hub center, because cutter hub is concentric with processed hole in the process, so just there is the stretching motion at blade relative opening center interior reaming is achieved.The counter bore diameter amplitude is 4 times of above-mentioned offset, therefore is conducive to significantly reaming.There are large-scale highly linear relation in the displacement of pull bar and point of a knife with respect to the stroke at center, and adding two-axis numerical control system can realize the processing with profiled holes such as the conical surface, sphere and cylinders relatively easily.Cutting position that enters into the rotary cutter cutter by the oil-feed gap between cutter hub and the processing hole wall of cutting fluid, the drive smear metal that refluxes is poured interior chip-removal hole through the horn-like crumb mouth of rotary cutter, another sprays into interior channel of chip removal by the crescent spout and forms negative pressure, and the pulling smear metal is finally discharged by chip discharging tube.Realization of chip removal process makes the interior reaming processing of blind, the logical deep hole of overlength become feasible in this.
The eccentric distance of described rotary cutter and cutter hub is generally 2mm-10mm.
Described rotary cutter crumb mouth front end has the cutter bracket, and there is interior channel of chip removal the rear end.
Described cutter hub circumferencial direction equal angles is listed as according to certain rules gib block and the shock absorption bar at interval with island formula structural configuration three, and gib block and shock absorption bar are uniform with the hexagonal angle degree, is annular oil-feed gap therebetween.
There is the eccentric cylinder stepped hole that cooperates with rotary cutter in described cutter hub front end, and there is the concentric column hole that cooperates with pull bar in the rear end.
It is 100 °-135 ° crumb mouth that described rotary cutter head has subtended angle, and there is the square groove that the cutter holder is installed at the central plane place, and afterbody has helicla flute, and helicla flute is square, the dextrorotation direction.
The cutter groove that blade is installed and the screw that the tightening blade is used are arranged in the described cutter holder, and side and bottom surface have respectively installs screw step through-hole and the screw of cutter holder to the rotary cutter.
Described cutter holder can be installed copying blade and shaping blade.
Interference was equipped with the straight pin at center on the described pull bar front end cylinder hole wall, formed screw pair with the helicla flute of rotary cutter afterbody and cooperated; There is the cylinder chip-removal hole inside, and there is the crescent spout rear end.
Because the eccentric rotary principle of utilizing this cutter realizes the flexible of blade, the reaming amplitude is large; Channel of chip removal in possessing smoothly makes blind, the logical deep hole of processing become feasible; Large-scale high linear response characteristic is at the auxiliary lower various profiled holes with the conical surface, sphere and cylinder that can be shaped of digital control system, applied range; The utilization of mechanism is inhaled in spray, good cutter guiding and vibration damping, and the process of segmentation, layering is achieved the accurate interior reaming of ultralong deep hole.
Therefore, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows that reaming is achieved in the significantly precision that makes various profiled holes in blind, the logical deep hole of overlength, simple and reliable for structure.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the interior broad assembly structure figure of deep hole that copying blade of the present invention is vertically installed.
Fig. 2 is the rotary cutter head assembly structure figure that copying blade edging of the present invention is installed.
Fig. 3 is the present invention's rotary cutter head assembly structure figure that processing blades installs that is shaped.
The segmentation that Fig. 4 uses when being processing super long deep hole spare of the present invention, hierarchical machining method schematic diagram.
1. blades among the figure, 2. blade screw, 3. cutter holder, 4. rotary cutter, 5. cutter hub, 6. pull bar, 7. bottom screw, 8. side screw, 9. spline pin, 10. gib block screw, 11. gib block, 12. shock absorption bar screws, 13. shock absorption bars, 14. latch, 15. crumb mouths, 16. rotary cutter channel of chip removal, 17. the pull bar channel of chip removal, 18. square threads, 19. crescent spouts.
The specific embodiment
Among Fig. 1, hard alloy coating copying blade (1) is installed in the cutter groove of cutter holder (3) by blade screw (2), cutter holder (3) is installed in front, rotary cutter (4) crumb mouth (15) by bottom screw (7) and side screw (8) and crosses in the cutter bracket of central plane, it is in the eccentric cylinder hole of e that rotary cutter (4) is positioned at cutter hub (5) center offset by latch (14) installation, two right hand helix grooves straight pin corresponding with pull bar (6) front end that its afterbody is arranged symmetrically with fits in screw pair, the moment of torsion that spline pin (9) energy balance pull bar (6) is subjected to prevents from rotating, cutter hub (5) external cylindrical surface circumferencial direction is listed as at certain intervals 3 groups of gib blocks (11) and 2 groups of shock absorption bars (13) of rule by 120 ° uniform three, gib block (11) and shock absorption bar (13) are installed in strict axiality in the square groove of island formula structure by gib block screw (10) and shock absorption bar screw (12) respectively, and cutter hub (5) rear end firmly links to each other with the knife bar of deep hole lathe by square thread (18).Broad is connected to the lathe Z axis by cutter hub (5), knife bar in the whole deep hole, is connected to the lathe X-axis by pull bar (6).When X axis moved right, pull bar (6) was changed to the left apparent direction of point of a knife to this moving rotating by screw pair and rotates counterclockwise, and namely forwards the N direction to from M, and blade (1) extends radially out; When X-axis moved to left, the left apparent direction of point of a knife clockwise rotated, and namely forwards the M direction to from N, and blade (2) is radially retracted, thereby realized the radial feed of blade (1).If point of a knife rotates 180 ° during to radial dimension maximum position N from the position M of radial dimension minimum, blade (1) can reach maximum radial stroke 2e.Add man-hour, cutting fluid is divided into two with certain pressure, a cutting position that directly is flushed to blade (1) from the annular gap between cutter hub (5) and the hole wall, the backflow entrainment smear metal and is entered rotary cutter channel of chip removal (16) by crumb mouth (15), flow to again pull bar channel of chip removal (17), another enters pull bar channel of chip removal (17) from crescent spout (19) and forms negative pressure, and the pulling smear metal is discharged smoothly, and this is the interior chip removal process of cutter.Smooth and easy for interior chip removal process, crumb mouth (15) subtended angle α is 120 °.This embodiment copying blade (1) is vertically installed, and is suitable for processing column face, the conical surface and sphere profiled holes.
Among Fig. 2, this embodiment copying blade (1) edging is installed in the cutter holder (3), and all the other structures and profile are identical with Fig. 1, are suitable for processing straight hole and conical surface profiled holes without transition.
Among Fig. 3, this embodiment processing blades (1) that is shaped is installed in the cutter holder (3), and all the other structures and profile are identical with Fig. 1, are suitable for processing simple and less demanding profiled holes.
Among Fig. 4, be the ultralong deep hole of L for processing length, determine every section processing length L1, L2 suitable, that can guarantee the high rigidity of cutter according to required precision and cutter gib block support characteristics ... then Ln processes respectively every section according to priority.To wherein one section, such as 1,2 ... among the n the 1st section: to push away boring embodiment as example, when Z axis is located point of a knife in the O point, X-axis makes blade (1) stretch out the back engagement of the cutting edge that feeding one deck machining needs, and then Z axis makes blade (1) finish the cutting of ground floor to the B end with suitable feed rate feed from the workpiece A end of rotation.Then Z axis makes blade (1) idle stroke walk the end to A, again extends radially out feeding from O point, circulates with this process, after this section is worked into the size of requirement, processes the 2nd section with the same manner, finishes until whole length is the deep hole machining of L.During every layer of machining of leading portion, cutter is all realized accurately guiding with gib block (11) and back segment hole wall close contact to be processed, and the vibration when shock absorption bar (13) can slow down tool sharpening realizes stable cutting.
Realize layering, segmental machining that ultralong deep hole processing is adopted, according to the rigidity requirement of interior reaming to cutter, reasonably deep hole is divided into the processing sections of several moderate length; When processing each section, behind blade radial feed back engagement of the cutting edge, the length of this section of axial feed, namely realized the cutting of one deck, then blade again the radial feed back engagement of the cutting edge carry out the cutting of lower one deck, circulate with this, until reach last aperture size requirement, this moment, this section also machined; Next finish successively in the same way the processing of other each section.Cutter hub gib block and undressed hole wall close contact are realized guide effect in layering, the segmental machining process, and the push-and-pull rigidity of pull bar is high, therefore can guarantee corresponding precision in the reaming in finishing ultralong deep hole.
Claims (7)
- One kind based on spray inhale mechanism continuously automatically in broad in the chip removal deep-hole, mainly formed by cutter hub, rotary cutter, pull bar, cutter holder and blade, it is characterized in that: rotary cutter is connected with cutter hub is eccentric, its afterbody helicla flute and pull bar nose circle pin fit in screw pair, blade is installed to the rotary cutter head by the cutter holder, and gib block and shock absorption bar are distributed in the square groove of cutter hub periphery; Add man-hour, cutting fluid is divided into two with certain pressure, a cutting position that directly is flushed to blade from the annular gap between cutter hub and the hole wall, the backflow entrainment smear metal and is entered the rotary cutter channel of chip removal by the crumb mouth, flow to again the pull bar channel of chip removal, another enters the pull bar channel of chip removal from the crescent spout and forms negative pressure, and the pulling smear metal is discharged smoothly.
- 2. require broad in the described continuously automatically interior chip removal deep-hole based on spraying suction mechanism according to right 1, it is characterized in that: the eccentric distance of rotary cutter and cutter hub is 2mm-10mm.
- 3. require broad in the described continuously automatically interior chip removal deep-hole based on spraying suction mechanism according to right 1, it is characterized in that: the crumb mouth subtended angle is 100 °-135 °.
- 4. require broad in the described continuously automatically interior chip removal deep-hole based on spraying suction mechanism according to right 1, it is characterized in that: rotary cutter afterbody helicla flute is square, the dextrorotation direction.
- 5. require broad in the described continuously automatically interior chip removal deep-hole based on spraying suction mechanism according to right 1, it is characterized in that: cutter holder installation copying blade and shaping blade.
- 6. require broad in the described continuously automatically interior chip removal deep-hole based on spraying suction mechanism according to right 1, it is characterized in that: gib block and shock absorption bar are uniform with the hexagonal angle degree, are annular oil-feed gap therebetween.
- 7. require broad in the described continuously automatically interior chip removal deep-hole based on spraying suction mechanism according to right 1, it is characterized in that: be distributed with staggered crescent spout on the pull bar back end circumference.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110092670 CN102233441B (en) | 2011-04-13 | 2011-04-13 | Continuous automatic inner-chip removal deep-hole inner-reaming cutter based on spray-absorption mechanism |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110092670 CN102233441B (en) | 2011-04-13 | 2011-04-13 | Continuous automatic inner-chip removal deep-hole inner-reaming cutter based on spray-absorption mechanism |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102233441A CN102233441A (en) | 2011-11-09 |
| CN102233441B true CN102233441B (en) | 2013-01-23 |
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| CN 201110092670 Expired - Fee Related CN102233441B (en) | 2011-04-13 | 2011-04-13 | Continuous automatic inner-chip removal deep-hole inner-reaming cutter based on spray-absorption mechanism |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102699364A (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2012-10-03 | 四川都江机械有限责任公司 | Composite multifunctional boring cutter |
| CN102689038B (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2013-12-25 | 西安工业大学 | Inner chip removal deep-hole machining rotary joint |
| CN106541160B (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2019-04-19 | 北京北方车辆集团有限公司 | A kind of rotatable radial expansion cutter |
| CN109570536B (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2020-11-13 | 株洲钻石切削刀具股份有限公司 | Linear boring cutter capable of realizing variable feed cutting |
| CN110434365B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2021-07-27 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | Trepanning drilling method and trepanning drilling auxiliary device |
| CN111890052B (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2022-09-02 | 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 | Special chamfering tool for multi-shaft deep hole machining tool |
| CN114029517A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-02-11 | 四川道勤切削工具有限公司 | Inner hole machining tool capable of automatically removing chips |
| CN114654174A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-06-24 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | Method for machining inner molded surface of hollow shaft part with large length-diameter ratio |
| CN116618722B (en) * | 2023-07-19 | 2023-09-15 | 常州西夏墅工具产业创业服务中心 | Deep blind hole boring cutter with automatic chip removal function |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2180370Y (en) * | 1993-12-31 | 1994-10-26 | 张剑 | Slot boring cutter for pipe hole |
| US5782587A (en) * | 1995-06-23 | 1998-07-21 | August Beck Gmbh & Co. | Drilling tool |
| CN2489908Y (en) * | 2001-07-03 | 2002-05-08 | 王峻 | Internal metal removal single-edge deep-hole spray reamer |
| CN101730603A (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2010-06-09 | 联合机械工程公司 | Ejector drill system |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007268695A (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-18 | Kyocera Corp | Cutting tool and holder |
-
2011
- 2011-04-13 CN CN 201110092670 patent/CN102233441B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2180370Y (en) * | 1993-12-31 | 1994-10-26 | 张剑 | Slot boring cutter for pipe hole |
| US5782587A (en) * | 1995-06-23 | 1998-07-21 | August Beck Gmbh & Co. | Drilling tool |
| CN2489908Y (en) * | 2001-07-03 | 2002-05-08 | 王峻 | Internal metal removal single-edge deep-hole spray reamer |
| CN101730603A (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2010-06-09 | 联合机械工程公司 | Ejector drill system |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| JP特开2007-268695A 2007.10.18 |
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Granted publication date: 20130123 Termination date: 20140413 |