CN102233441A - Continuous automatic inner-chip removal deep-hole inner-reaming cutter based on spray-absorption mechanism - Google Patents
Continuous automatic inner-chip removal deep-hole inner-reaming cutter based on spray-absorption mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN102233441A CN102233441A CN 201110092670 CN201110092670A CN102233441A CN 102233441 A CN102233441 A CN 102233441A CN 201110092670 CN201110092670 CN 201110092670 CN 201110092670 A CN201110092670 A CN 201110092670A CN 102233441 A CN102233441 A CN 102233441A
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Abstract
The invention provides a continuous automatic inner-chip removal deep-hole inner-reaming cutter based on a spray-absorption mechanism, which can realize large-amplitude inner-reaming of ultra-long deep blind and through holes, flexibly form various profiled holes with conical surfaces, spherical surfaces and cylindrical surfaces, and meet the machining requirements for high precision and high efficiency. The continuous automatic inner-chip removal deep-hole inner-reaming cutter is mainly characterized in that an eccentric structure with eccentric quantity is arranged between a rotary cutter bit and a cutter body; a screw pair converts movement of a push-and-pull rod into rotation of the rotary cutter bit, and blades arranged on the rotary cutter bit extend and retract through a cutter holder; and guide strips and damping rods are alternately and uniformly distributed in a square groove of an island-style structure in the cutter body so as to achieve the effects of accurate guidance and good cutting stability. The continuous automatic inner-chip removal deep-hole inner-reaming cutter has the advantages that the spray-absorption mechanism is adopted in inner-chip removal operation, and segmented and layered machining methods are adopted in the process, thus being feasible for precise inner-reaming of the ultra-long deep holes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the interior broad of a kind of deep hole, particularly based on broad in the automatically interior continuously chip removal deep hole of spray suction mechanism.
Background technology
In the deep hole machining field, in order to solve the deep hole processing special holes difficult problem that waits broad in the middle small in ends, people once designed some more outstanding device and technical schemes.As being used for early that aircraft takeoffs and landings is erected the electrochemical machining method of macropore in the middle of loss of weight and the damping effect and being published in " mechanical technology teacher " the 7th phase borer of the 23rd page in 2000, they make the processing of profiled holes such as deep hole such as grade broad in the middle small in ends obtain realization in to a certain degree, and have obtained considerable economic.But Electrolyzed Processing is limited to use because environmental pollution is serious and efficient is extremely low gradually; Though the above-mentioned borer of mentioning adopts the machine add mode to improve working (machining) efficiency significantly, but along with propositions more in the deep hole machining, requirements at the higher level to various processing special holes, find that also there is following deficiency in this device: 1. its blade determines its middle macropore in the different apertures of boring neatly around the stretch mode of alignment pin rotation, and the bore hole amplitude is subject to the maximum back engagement of the cutting edge of blade, assembly precision when aperture precision also depends on the dress cutter, the error that blade abrasion brings can't be mended and be tasted.2. the processing to the conical surface etc. realizes that by the shaping blade range of application is wideless.3. the front clearance mode makes it can only process through hole, and is powerless to blind hole.4. the rotation mode of pull bar causes aperture size precision deficiency for the processing of ultralong deep hole owing to the not good enough meeting of torsional rigidity.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is that broad in a kind of deep hole is provided, with chip removal mode in continuously and automatically realize the blind deep hole of overlength, logical deep hole significantly in outside the reaming, the various profiled holes of the forming belt conical surface, sphere and cylinder satisfy high accuracy, high efficiency process requirements neatly.
To achieve these goals, main technical scheme of the present invention is: adopt layering, segmental machining on utilization eccentric structure and the process means on the Tool Design.The present invention is made up of cutter hub, rotary cutter, cutter holder, blade and pull bar: cutter hub is furnished with three row gib blocks and vibration damping bar in the first-class angle of periphery, and each is listed on the axis and settles gib block and vibration damping bar with rule at certain intervals; With in the eccentric cylinder hole on the matched in clearance assembling cutter hub, the straight pin of an interference assembling extend into moving axially in the time of preventing its rotation in the rotary cutter neck cannelure to rotary cutter on the cutter hub by the neck external cylindrical surface; The cutter holder is by in the square groove of screw attachment to the rotary cutter, and blade is by in the cutter groove of screw attachment to the cutter holder; The straight pin that pull bar is arranged by front end forms the screw pair that cooperates with rotary cutter afterbody helicla flute, the straight pin that assembles with the cutter hub interference extend into flat square groove on the pull bar can balance its adding the moment of torsion in man-hour.When the stressed move left and right of pull bar, the screw pair of Pei Heing just is converted into straight-line displacement the rotation of rotary cutter with it, thereby the involute motion that makes point of a knife have distance to increase or dwindle gradually with respect to the cutter hub center, because cutter hub is concentric with processed hole in the process, reaming is achieved in making so just there is the stretching motion at blade relative opening center.The counter bore diameter amplitude is 4 times of above-mentioned offset, therefore helps significantly reaming.There are large-scale highly linear relation in the displacement of pull bar and point of a knife with respect to the stroke at center, and adding two-axis numerical control system can more easily realize the processing with profiled holes such as the conical surface, sphere and cylinders.Cutting position that enters into the rotary cutter cutter by the oil-feed gap between cutter hub and the processing hole wall of cutting fluid, the drive smear metal that refluxes is poured interior chip-removal hole through the horn-like crumb mouth of rotary cutter, channel of chip removal formed negative pressure in another sprayed into by the crescent spout, and the pulling smear metal is finally discharged by chip discharging tube.Realization of chip removal process makes the interior reaming processing of blind, the logical deep hole of overlength become feasible in this.
The eccentric distance of described rotary cutter and cutter hub is generally 2mm-10mm.
Described rotary cutter crumb mouth front end has the cutter bracket, and there is interior channel of chip removal the rear end.
Described cutter hub circumferencial direction equal angles is listed as the gib block and the vibration damping bar at interval according to certain rules with island formula structural configuration three, and gib block and vibration damping bar are uniform with the hexagonal angle degree, are annular oil-feed gap therebetween.
There is the eccentric cylinder stepped hole that cooperates with rotary cutter in described cutter hub front end, and there is the concentric column hole that cooperates with pull bar in the rear end.
It is 100 °-135 ° crumb mouth that described rotary cutter head has subtended angle, and there is the square groove that the cutter holder is installed at the central plane place, and afterbody has helicla flute, and helicla flute is square, the dextrorotation direction.
Cutter groove that blade is installed and the screw that the tightening blade is used are arranged in the described cutter holder, and side and bottom surface have respectively installs screw step through-hole and the screw of cutter holder to the rotary cutter.
Described cutter holder can be installed copying blade and shaping blade.
Interference was equipped with the straight pin at center on the described pull bar front end cylinder hole wall, formed screw pair with the helicla flute of rotary cutter afterbody and cooperated; There is the cylinder chip-removal hole inside, and there is the crescent spout rear end.
Because this cutter utilizes eccentric rotation principle to realize the flexible of blade, the reaming amplitude is big; Channel of chip removal in possessing smoothly makes blind, the logical deep hole of processing become feasible; Large-scale high linear response characteristic is at the profiled holes of auxiliary can be shaped the down various band conical surfaces, sphere and the cylinder of digital control system, applied range; The utilization of mechanism is inhaled in spray, good cutter guiding and vibration damping, and the process of segmentation, layering is achieved the accurate interior reaming of ultralong deep hole.
Therefore, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows that reaming is achieved in the significantly precision that makes various profiled holes in blind, the logical deep hole of overlength, simple and reliable for structure.
Description of drawings
The interior broad assembly structure figure of deep hole that Fig. 1 vertically installs for copying blade of the present invention.
The rotary cutter head assembly structure figure that Fig. 2 installs for copying blade edging of the present invention.
Fig. 3 processes the rotary cutter head assembly structure figure that blade is installed for the present invention is shaped.
The segmentation that Fig. 4 uses during for processing super long deep hole spare of the present invention, divide the layer processing method schematic diagram.
1. blades among the figure, 2. blade screw, 3. cutter holder, 4. rotary cutter, 5. cutter hub, 6. pull bar, 7. bottom screw, 8. side screw, 9. spline pin, 10. gib block screw, 11. gib block, 12. vibration damping bar screws, 13. vibration damping bars, 14. latch, 15. crumb mouths, 16. rotary cutter channel of chip removal, 17. the pull bar channel of chip removal, 18. square threads, 19. crescent spouts.
The specific embodiment
Among Fig. 1, hard alloy coating copying blade (1) is installed in the cutter groove of cutter holder (3) by blade screw (2), cutter holder (3) is installed in front, rotary cutter (4) crumb mouth (15) by bottom screw (7) and side screw (8) and crosses in the cutter bracket of central plane, rotary cutter (4) is positioned at by latch (14) installation and cutter hub (5) center offset is in the eccentric cylinder hole of e, two right hand helix grooves straight pin corresponding with pull bar (6) front end of its afterbody symmetric arrangement fits in screw pair, the moment of torsion that spline pin (9) energy balance pull bar (6) is subjected to prevents to rotate, cutter hub (5) external cylindrical surface circumferencial direction is listed as 3 groups of gib blocks (11) and 2 groups of vibration damping bars (13) of rule at certain intervals by 120 ° uniform three, gib block (11) and vibration damping bar (13) are installed in the square groove of island formula structure by gib block screw (10) and vibration damping bar screw (12) axiality with strictness respectively, and cutter hub (5) rear end firmly links to each other with the knife bar of deep hole lathe by square thread (18).Broad is connected to lathe Z axle by cutter hub (5), knife bar in the whole deep hole, is connected to the lathe X-axis by pull bar (6).When X axis moved right, pull bar (6) moved this by screw pair and is converted to point of a knife left side apparent direction and rotates counterclockwise, and promptly forwards the N direction to from M, and blade (1) extends radially out; When X-axis moved to left, point of a knife left side apparent direction clockwise rotated, and promptly forwards the M direction to from N, and blade (2) is radially withdrawn, thereby realizes the radial feed of blade (1).If point of a knife rotates 180 ° during to radial dimension maximum position N from the position M of radial dimension minimum, blade (1) can reach maximum radial stroke 2e.Add man-hour, cutting fluid is divided into two with certain pressure, a cutting position that directly is flushed to blade (1) from the annular gap between cutter hub (5) and the hole wall, the backflow entrainment smear metal and is entered rotary cutter channel of chip removal (16) by crumb mouth (15), flow to pull bar channel of chip removal (17) again, another enters pull bar channel of chip removal (17) from crescent spout (19) and forms negative pressure, and the pulling smear metal is discharged smoothly, and this is the interior chip removal process of cutter.Smooth and easy for interior chip removal process, crumb mouth (15) subtended angle α is 120 °.This embodiment copying blade (1) is vertically installed, and is suitable for processing column face, the conical surface and sphere profiled holes.
Among Fig. 2, this embodiment copying blade (1) edging is installed in the cutter holder (3), and all the other structures and profile are identical with Fig. 1, are suitable for processing the straight hole and the conical surface profiled holes of no transition.
Among Fig. 3, this embodiment be shaped processing blade (1) be installed in the cutter holder (3), all the other structures and profile are identical with Fig. 1, are suitable for processing simple and less demanding profiled holes.
Among Fig. 4, be the ultralong deep hole of L, determine every section processing length L1, L2 suitable, that can guarantee the high rigidity of cutter according to required precision and cutter gib block support characteristics for processing length ... Ln processes respectively every section then according to priority.To wherein one section, as 1,2 ... among the n the 1st section: to push away boring embodiment is example, when the Z axle is located point of a knife in the O point, X-axis makes blade (1) stretch out the required back engagement of the cutting edge of feeding one deck processing, and the Z axle makes blade (1) finish the cutting of ground floor to the B end with suitable feed rate feed from the workpiece A end of rotation then.Then the Z axle makes blade (1) idle stroke walk the end to A, extends radially out feeding once more from O point, circulates with this process, after this section is worked into the size of requirement, processes the 2nd section with the same manner, is that the deep hole machining of L is finished up to whole length.During every layer of machining of leading portion, cutter all closely contacts with gib block (11) and back segment hole wall to be processed and realizes accurately guiding, and vibration damping bar (13) can slow down the vibration that cutter adds man-hour, realizes stable cutting.
Realize layering, segmental machining that ultralong deep hole processing is adopted,, reasonably deep hole is divided into the processing sections of several moderate length according to the rigidity requirement of interior reaming to cutter; When processing each section, behind blade radial feed back engagement of the cutting edge, the length of this section of axial feed, promptly realized the cutting of one deck, then blade once more the radial feed back engagement of the cutting edge descend the cutting of one deck, circulate with this, until reaching last aperture size requirement, this moment, this section also machined; Next finish the processing of other each section in the same way successively.The cutter hub gib block closely contacts the realization guide effect with undressed hole wall in layering, the segmental machining process, and therefore the push-and-pull rigidity height of pull bar can guarantee corresponding precision in the reaming in finishing ultralong deep hole.
Claims (8)
- One kind based on spray inhale mechanism continuously automatically in broad in the chip removal deep hole, mainly form by cutter hub, rotary cutter, pull bar, cutter holder and blade, it is characterized in that: rotary cutter is connected with cutter hub is eccentric, its afterbody helicla flute and pull bar nose circle pin fit in screw pair, blade is installed to the rotary cutter head by the cutter holder, and gib block and guide groove are distributed in the square groove of cutter hub periphery.
- According to right 1 require described based on spray inhale mechanism continuously automatically in broad in the chip removal deep hole, it is characterized in that: the eccentric distance of rotary cutter and cutter hub is generally 2mm-10mm.
- According to right 1 require described based on spray inhale mechanism continuously automatically in broad in the chip removal deep hole, it is characterized in that: rotary cutter crumb mouth front end has the cutter bracket, and there is interior channel of chip removal the rear end.
- 4. according to claim 3 based on broad in the automatically interior continuously chip removal deep hole of spray suction mechanism, it is characterized in that: the crumb mouth subtended angle is 100-135 °.
- 5. according to claim 1 based on broad in the automatically interior continuously chip removal deep hole of spray suction mechanism, it is characterized in that: rotary cutter afterbody helicla flute is square, the dextrorotation direction.
- According to right 1 require described based on spray inhale mechanism continuously automatically in broad in the chip removal deep hole, it is characterized in that: the cutter holder can be installed copying blade and shaping blade.
- According to right 1 require described based on spray inhale mechanism continuously automatically in broad in the chip removal deep hole, it is characterized in that: gib block and vibration damping bar are uniform with the hexagonal angle degree, are annular oil-feed gap therebetween.
- 8. require broad in the described deep hole according to right 1, it is characterized in that: be distributed with staggered crescent spout on the pull bar back end circumference.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110092670 CN102233441B (en) | 2011-04-13 | 2011-04-13 | Continuous automatic inner-chip removal deep-hole inner-reaming cutter based on spray-absorption mechanism |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110092670 CN102233441B (en) | 2011-04-13 | 2011-04-13 | Continuous automatic inner-chip removal deep-hole inner-reaming cutter based on spray-absorption mechanism |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102233441A true CN102233441A (en) | 2011-11-09 |
| CN102233441B CN102233441B (en) | 2013-01-23 |
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| CN 201110092670 Expired - Fee Related CN102233441B (en) | 2011-04-13 | 2011-04-13 | Continuous automatic inner-chip removal deep-hole inner-reaming cutter based on spray-absorption mechanism |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102689038A (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2012-09-26 | 西安工业大学 | Inner chip removal deep-hole machining rotary joint |
| CN102699364A (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2012-10-03 | 四川都江机械有限责任公司 | Composite multifunctional boring cutter |
| CN106541160A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-03-29 | 北京北方车辆集团有限公司 | A kind of rotatable radial expansion cutter |
| CN109570536A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-05 | 株洲钻石切削刀具股份有限公司 | A kind of achievable linear boring cutter for becoming feeding cutting |
| CN110385449A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2019-10-29 | 苏州钰创工业新材料有限公司 | A kind of thin bar boring cutter |
| CN110434365A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-11-12 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | Jacking boring method and jacking drilling aid |
| CN111890052A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-06 | 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 | Special chamfering tool for multi-shaft deep hole machining tool |
| CN114029517A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-02-11 | 四川道勤切削工具有限公司 | Inner hole machining tool capable of automatically removing chips |
| CN114654174A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-06-24 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | Method for machining inner molded surface of hollow shaft part with large length-diameter ratio |
| CN116618722A (en) * | 2023-07-19 | 2023-08-22 | 常州西夏墅工具产业创业服务中心 | Deep blind hole boring cutter with automatic chip removal function |
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| CN2180370Y (en) * | 1993-12-31 | 1994-10-26 | 张剑 | Slot boring cutter for pipe hole |
| US5782587A (en) * | 1995-06-23 | 1998-07-21 | August Beck Gmbh & Co. | Drilling tool |
| CN2489908Y (en) * | 2001-07-03 | 2002-05-08 | 王峻 | Internal metal removal single-edge deep-hole spray reamer |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102699364A (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2012-10-03 | 四川都江机械有限责任公司 | Composite multifunctional boring cutter |
| CN102689038B (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2013-12-25 | 西安工业大学 | Inner chip removal deep-hole machining rotary joint |
| CN102689038A (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2012-09-26 | 西安工业大学 | Inner chip removal deep-hole machining rotary joint |
| CN106541160B (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2019-04-19 | 北京北方车辆集团有限公司 | A kind of rotatable radial expansion cutter |
| CN106541160A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-03-29 | 北京北方车辆集团有限公司 | A kind of rotatable radial expansion cutter |
| CN110385449A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2019-10-29 | 苏州钰创工业新材料有限公司 | A kind of thin bar boring cutter |
| CN109570536A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-05 | 株洲钻石切削刀具股份有限公司 | A kind of achievable linear boring cutter for becoming feeding cutting |
| CN110434365A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-11-12 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | Jacking boring method and jacking drilling aid |
| CN110434365B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2021-07-27 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | Trepanning drilling method and trepanning drilling auxiliary device |
| CN111890052A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-06 | 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 | Special chamfering tool for multi-shaft deep hole machining tool |
| CN114029517A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-02-11 | 四川道勤切削工具有限公司 | Inner hole machining tool capable of automatically removing chips |
| CN114029517B (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2024-07-23 | 四川道勤切削工具有限公司 | Inner hole machining cutter capable of automatically removing chips |
| CN114654174A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-06-24 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | Method for machining inner molded surface of hollow shaft part with large length-diameter ratio |
| CN116618722A (en) * | 2023-07-19 | 2023-08-22 | 常州西夏墅工具产业创业服务中心 | Deep blind hole boring cutter with automatic chip removal function |
| CN116618722B (en) * | 2023-07-19 | 2023-09-15 | 常州西夏墅工具产业创业服务中心 | Deep blind hole boring cutter with automatic chip removal function |
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Granted publication date: 20130123 Termination date: 20140413 |