CN102226118A - Biomass fluid fuel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Biomass fluid fuel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102226118A CN102226118A CN2011101250871A CN201110125087A CN102226118A CN 102226118 A CN102226118 A CN 102226118A CN 2011101250871 A CN2011101250871 A CN 2011101250871A CN 201110125087 A CN201110125087 A CN 201110125087A CN 102226118 A CN102226118 A CN 102226118A
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/32—Liquid carbonaceous fuels consisting of coal-oil suspensions or aqueous emulsions or oil emulsions
- C10L1/322—Coal-oil suspensions
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Abstract
The invention provides a biomass fluid fuel which comprises biomass particles and fuel assistants dispersed in a liquid fuel medium, wherein the particle size of the biomass particles is less than or equal to 150 micrometers or so, preferably less than or equal to 120 micrometers or so, and more preferably less than or equal to 100 micrometers or so; the weight ratio of biomass particles to liquid fuel medium is 1:10-1:1, preferably 1:7-1:1, and most preferably 1:5-1:1; and the total content of the fuel assistants on the basis of the weight of the biomass fluid fuel is 0.5-3.0 wt%, preferably 0.8-2.0 wt%, and more preferably 0.9-1.5 wt%. Besides, the invention also provides a preparation method of the biomass fluid fuel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to further development and utilization to biomass material, particularly biomass waste, be specifically related to biomass fluid fuel and preparation method thereof, wherein in described preparation method, utilize physics and/or thermochemical method that biomass raw material particle is converted into the biomass fluid fuel.
Background technology
Under the industry background of China, have a large amount of biomass wastes, concrete example such as bagasse, vinasse slag, manioc waste, straw, straw, beans stalk, cotton stalk, cornstalk, corn cob, fallen leaves and wood chip etc. contain a large amount of macromolecular substance that can further utilize such as xylogen, Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose and starch etc. usually in these biomass wastes.In recent years, under the overall background of green low-carbon, the further development and utilization of these biomass wastes is more and more received publicity.
Studies show that chance heat such as macromolecular substance in the biomass material such as xylogen, Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose and starch can be decomposed to form bio-oil, charcoal and inflammable gas, and the ratio regular meeting of these products changed with temperature, pressure and reaction times.Biomass pyrolytic and biomass carbonization just are based on the thermal chemical reaction of above-mentioned principle, wherein can change the ratio between the formed various product by the condition of control thermal chemical reaction.Therefore, thermochemical method is a kind of effective way of utilizing biomass material.
But also there are some problems in simple thermochemical method, for example, the production cost of bio-oil is usually than mineral innage, and, bio-oil can not be directly used in available dynamic equipment, this is because bio-oil is the hydrocarbon polymer of physics and the equal less stable of chemical property mostly, must could use through modification and/or refinement treatment.
Fluid fuel is meant that Flammable Solid Class 4.1 is ground refinement in fluid medium form the fluid that contains small solid particulate, forms stable monophasic fluid, common example such as coal water slurry or coal oil mixture to wherein adding dispersion agent and/or stablizer again.Studies show that, can obtain the fluid fuel of good fluidity Flammable Solid Class 4.1 such as coal, refinery coke, biological mud are ground thinning processing in diesel oil or water or other fluid medium after, this fluid fuel can be used as efficiently and burns through corresponding burner for oil fuel.
Thought based on fluid fuel, the present invention proposes the notion of biomass fluid fuel, this is a kind of fluid fuel based on biomass raw material particle, specifically by physics and/or thermochemical method biomass material such as biomass waste particles dispersed is formed the biomass fluid fuel in the liquid fuel medium.
Therefore, what biomass fluid fuel of the present invention had a fluid fuel is convenient to transportation, use and efficiency of combustion advantages of higher, thereby provides new thinking for the development and application of solid biologic raw material such as biomass waste.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of biomass fluid fuel, this biomass fluid fuel comprises biomass raw material particle and the fuel auxiliary agent that is scattered in the liquid fuel medium, the granularity of wherein said biomass raw material particle is less than or equal to about 150 microns, preferably be less than or equal to about 120 microns, be more preferably less than or equal about 100 microns, the weight ratio of described biomass raw material particle and described liquid fuel medium is 1: 10 to 1: 1, be preferably 1: 7 to 1: 1, most preferably be 1: 5 to 1: 1, count 0.5-3.0wt% with the total content of described fuel auxiliary agent based on described biomass fluid fuel weight, be preferably 0.8-2.0wt%, more preferably 0.9-1.5wt%.
The present invention also provides the method for the described biomass fluid fuel of preparation, and this method comprises the steps:
Pulverize biomass material and also sieve, with obtain granularity be less than or equal to about 150 microns, preferably be less than or equal to about 120 microns, be more preferably less than or equal about 100 microns biomass raw material particle;
Described biomass raw material particle is mixed with the liquid fuel medium form crude mixture, the weight ratio of wherein said biomass raw material particle and described liquid fuel medium is 1: 10 to 1: 1, is preferably 1: 7 to 1: 1, most preferably is 1: 5 to 1: 1;
Make described crude mixture homogenizing and to wherein adding the fuel auxiliary agent, the total content of wherein said fuel auxiliary agent is counted 0.5-3.0wt% based on described biomass fluid fuel weight, be preferably 0.8-2.0wt%, 0.9-1.5wt% more preferably, wherein utilize the high speed shear emulsifying device to carry out homogenizing, to obtain homogeneous mixture as the biomass fluid fuel.
According to the present invention, described biomass material is generally biomass waste, specifically is selected from bagasse, vinasse slag, manioc waste, straw, straw, beans stalk, cotton stalk, cornstalk, corn cob, fallen leaves and wood chip etc.Therefore, for the present invention, the source of described biomass material is still very abundant.
According to the present invention, described liquid fuel medium can be common any suitable liquid fuel, the preferred cheap not volatile liquid fuel of price comparison, be specifically as follows not volatile oily liquid fuel such as heavy oil and coal tar and heavy oil component and coal tar component, wherein said heavy oil component such as heavy oil lighting end, described coal tar component such as naphtalene oil, washing oil, carbolineum and anthracene oil preferably use carbolineum and/or washing oil as described liquid fuel medium.
According to the present invention, described fuel auxiliary agent can be this area any suitable fuel auxiliary agent commonly used, purpose be for the dispersiveness that makes described biomass fluid fuel, flowability, stability, oxidation-resistance and incendivity better, be specifically as follows dispersion agent, stablizer, antioxidant, pour point depressant and ignition dope, more specifically, dispersion agent can be sodium lignosulfonate, stablizer can be quaternary ammonium salt, antioxidant can be 2, the 6-ditertbutylparacresol, pour point depressant can be the carbonoxide acid esters for polyacrylic ester and ignition dope.All these fuel auxiliary agents can be used alone or in combination, in any case and use, the total content of described fuel auxiliary agent in described biomass fluid fuel is all as indicated above, promptly count 0.5-3.0wt% based on described biomass fluid fuel weight, be preferably 0.8-2.0wt%, more preferably 0.9-1.5wt%.
According to the present invention, described biomass material generally through pulverize and screening handle obtain granularity be less than or equal to about 150 microns (about 100 orders), preferably be less than or equal to about 120 microns (about 120 orders), be more preferably less than or equal the biomass raw material particle of about 100 microns (about 150 orders), pulverize generally by mechanical means such as crusher or pulverizer and undertaken, screening then utilizes standard sieve to carry out, to obtain the biomass raw material particle of needed specified particle size scope.
According to the present invention, if described biomass material water content is excessive, then generally dry in advance described biomass material, for example utilize drying machines such as whirlwind to carry out drying, preferably be dried to water-content and be lower than 15wt%, more preferably less than 10wt%, further preferably be lower than 5wt%, thereby be beneficial to follow-up pulverizing of described biomass material and screening processing.
According to the present invention, be used to make the high speed shear emulsifying device of described crude mixture homogenizing can be this area any suitable high speed shear emulsifying device commonly used, for example can be colloidal mill or high speed pulverizer, this equipment makes it refinement and/or emulsification with the further shearing-crushing of crude mixture of described biological particles and described liquid fuel medium, and then makes it homogenizing.
According to the present invention, for the stronger biomass material of toughness higher biomass material such as the vinasse slag of fibre content for example, because this biolobic material raw material is not easy Mechanical Crushing usually to very thin granularity, therefore before making described crude mixture homogenizing, generally also make described crude mixture experience carbonizing treatment, be beneficial to further broken described biomass raw material particle.
Particularly, after carbonizing treatment, biomass raw material particle causes toughness variation and physical strength to reduce because carbonization becomes fragile, thereby is easy to further be broken under shear action thinner particle.Described carburizing reagent is generally carried out under the high-speed stirring condition, and therefore, the biomass raw material particle in the described crude mixture just can realize further refinement to a certain extent in carbonization process.
In addition, also produce bio-oil in the carbonation reaction, wherein under high-speed stirring and strong convection effect, mass transfer and heat transfer process have been strengthened, the bio-oil that is produced can be distributed to becomes the liquid fuel medium in the described crude mixture, further reduce the solid content of fluid fuel, be beneficial to the further homogenizing of described fluid fuel, thereby can obtain more fine biomass fluid fuel.
According to the present invention, the carbonizing treatment of described crude mixture is under agitation carried out under normal pressure and relative cold condition usually, and the carburizing reagent time is generally shorter, particularly, described temperature can be 200-300 ℃, be preferably 215-290 ℃, more preferably 250-280 ℃, the described carburizing reagent time can be 1-10 minute, be preferably 2-7 minute, more preferably 3-5 minute, and this moment can be short as far as possible by the control carburizing reagent time, make biomass that incomplete carbonization take place and form semicoke material and part biological matter oil since the toughness of described semicoke material variation and physical strength reduce, therefore, can realize further broken described biological particles and then improve the purpose of described biomass fluid fuel quality.
According to the present invention, in described carbonation reaction, also produce some biomass light constituents, can collect these biomass light constituents as industrial chemicals or fuel, for example this biomass light constituent can be used as fuel provides heat for described carbonization process, thereby can realize the heat self-sufficiency of described carbonization process to small part.
According to the present invention, described crude mixture can carry out carbonization in existing in the prior art any suitable reactor, but is preferably reactor class reactor, more preferably has the stainless steel cauldron of stirring rake.
Preferably, according to the present invention, make described crude mixture under atmospheric pressure carry out carbonization in having the stainless steel cauldron of stirring rake, wherein heat temperature raising is to 215-290 ℃ under agitation condition, and preferred heat temperature raising is to 250-280 ℃, the rotating speed of stirring rake is 500-1500 rev/min, be preferably 800-1350 rev/min, more preferably 1000-1200 rev/min and the residence time of described crude mixture in described reactor are 1-10 minute, be preferably 2-7 minute, more preferably 3-5 minute.
According to the present invention, described biomass fluid fuel can utilize biomass material widely, particularly can utilize a large amount of biomass wastes, so just can " turn waste into wealth ", be beneficial to further developing of biomass energy, and the preparation technology of described biomass fluid fuel is simple relatively, employed equipment also is the common equipment of prior art, therefore, carry out industry easily and amplify, but continuous production possesses good industrial prospect, and then select fuel for fuel market provides good generation, for example can be used for modern boiler, Industrial Stoves, with steam turbine etc.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schema of a kind of embodiment of the method that is prepared the biomass fluid fuel by biomass material of the present invention; With
Fig. 2 is the schema of the another embodiment of the method that is prepared the biomass fluid fuel by biomass material of the present invention, wherein further combines carburising step on the basis of the embodiment of Fig. 1.
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1, the method for preparing the biomass fluid fuel by biomass material of the present invention can be carried out according to following process:
In drying machine, biomass material such as manioc waste are dried to water-content and are lower than 10wt%, then respectively through crusher and pulverizer carries out coarse reduction and micro mist is broken and through blower fan send into sifter for example 150 purpose standard sieves sieve and obtain granularity and be less than or equal to about 100 microns biomass raw material particle;
With described biomass raw material particle collect the back with from the liquid fuel medium of container for storing liquid for example carbolineum for example agitation mixer in mix the formation crude mixture to scale at 1: 3; With
To carry out homogenizing in described crude mixture adding high speed shear emulsifying device such as colloidal mill or the high speed pulverizer, and to wherein adding fuel auxiliary agent for example dispersion agent and/or stablizer etc., the total content of wherein said fuel auxiliary agent is counted 0.9-1.5wt% based on described biomass fluid fuel weight, the homogeneous mixture that obtains after the homogenizing is the biomass fluid fuel and the biomass fluid fuel that obtained is stored in the accumulating jar and transported.
With reference to Fig. 2, wherein on the basis of the embodiment of Fig. 1, further combine carburising step, particularly:
Wherein biological particles dry and that the screening biomass material obtains (has been carried out the coarse reduction operation at this, this is because the back combines carburising step, therefore pulverize require lower slightly) with liquid fuel medium such as carbolineum for example agitation mixer in mix at 1: 3 to scale form crude mixture after, in the stainless steel cauldron that have stirring rake of described crude mixture adding as carbonization reactor, described reactor can be for having the normal-pressure reaction kettle of steam jacket, wherein under agitation condition heat temperature raising to for example 250-280 ℃, the rotating speed of stirring rake is for example 1-5 minute for for example 1000-1300 rev/min and the residence time of described crude mixture in described reactor;
Then, as top at as described in Fig. 1, make the reaction mixture of extraction from described reactor carry out homogenizing and add the fuel auxiliary agent, to obtain final biomass fluid fuel, at this, the biomass light constituent that obtains in carbonization process can be used for for described stainless steel cauldron provides heat, and the fuel that specifically can be used as heating boiler is used to heat the steam of described stainless steel cauldron with generation, thereby can realize the heat self-sufficiency of carbonization process of the present invention to small part.
Further describe method of the present invention by following embodiment, but described embodiment is not used in and limits the scope of the invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1 utilizes manioc waste to prepare the biomass fluid fuel
It is below the 8wt% that manioc waste is dried to water-content, uses pulverizer that described manioc waste is carried out fragmentation, sieves after the fragmentation to obtain the following biomass raw material particle of 170 orders (90 microns) 400 grams; Described biomass raw material particle is mixed the formation crude mixture with liquid fuel medium carbolineum by 4: 6 weight ratio; Described crude mixture joined carry out homogenizing in the colloidal mill and handle, simultaneously to wherein adding the nonionic surface active agent auxiliary agent that acts as a fuel, described nonionogenic tenside is a Gemini quaternary ammonium salt 1231, use as stablizer at this, add-on is 10 grams, obtains the biomass fluid fuel after the homogenizing.
The stability test of described biomass fluid fuel shows its no layering and do not produce hard-caked sediment in 24 hours, and further performance test shows that described biomass fluid fuel has higher calorific value and good fluidity, and its performance perameter is described in table 1 below.
The performance perameter of the biomass fluid fuel that table 1, embodiment 1 obtain
| Performance perameter | Numerical value |
| Solid content (wt%) | 40 |
| Density (kg/l) | 1.18 |
| Kinematic viscosity η (20 ℃, shearing rate 100s -1)MPa·s | 570 |
| Calorific value Q (kcal/kg) | 6917 |
| Burning back ash amount (wt%) | 0.39 |
Embodiment 2 utilizes the vinasse slag to prepare the biomass fluid fuel
It is below the 6wt% that the vinasse slag is dried to water-content, uses pulverizer that described vinasse slag is carried out fragmentation, sieves after the fragmentation to obtain the following biomass raw material particle of 100 orders (150 microns) 200 grams; Described biomass raw material particle is mixed the formation crude mixture with liquid fuel medium carbolineum by 1: 1 weight ratio; It is in 2 liters the normal pressure stainless steel cauldron that has steam jacket that described crude mixture is joined volume, wherein under agitation condition heat temperature raising to for example 250-280 ℃, the rotating speed of stirring rake is that 1000 rev/mins and carburizing reagent time are 5 minutes, to obtain reaction mixture; Described reaction mixture is carried out homogenizing in colloidal mill handle, simultaneously to wherein adding the cationic surfactant auxiliary agent that acts as a fuel, described cats product uses as stablizer at this for class of department 80, add-on is 3 grams, obtains the biomass fluid fuel after the homogenizing.
The stability test of described biomass fluid fuel shows its no layering and do not produce hard-caked sediment in 24 hours, and further performance test shows that described biomass fluid fuel has higher calorific value and good fluidity, and its performance perameter is described in table 2 below.
The performance perameter of the biomass fluid fuel that table 2, embodiment 2 obtain
| Performance perameter | Numerical value |
| Solid particulate granularity (μ m) | 28 |
| Solid content (wt%) | 34.6 |
| Density (kg/l) | 1.24 |
| Kinematic viscosity η (50 ℃, shearing rate 100s -1)MPa·s | 860 |
| Calorific value Q (kcal/kg) | 8715 |
| Burning back ash amount (wt%) | 4.48 |
Claims (13)
1. biomass fluid fuel, this biomass fluid fuel comprises biomass raw material particle and the fuel auxiliary agent that is scattered in the liquid fuel medium, the granularity of wherein said biomass raw material particle is less than or equal to about 150 microns, preferably be less than or equal to about 120 microns, be more preferably less than or equal about 100 microns, the weight ratio of described biomass raw material particle and described liquid fuel medium is 1: 10 to 1: 1, be preferably 1: 7 to 1: 1, most preferably be 1: 5 to 1: 1, count 0.5-3.0wt% with the total content of described fuel auxiliary agent based on described biomass fluid fuel weight, be preferably 0.8-2.0wt%, more preferably 0.9-1.5wt%.
2. the biomass fluid fuel of claim 1, wherein said biomass material is the biomass waste that is selected from bagasse, vinasse slag, manioc waste, straw, straw, beans stalk, cotton stalk, cornstalk, corn cob, fallen leaves and wood chip.
3. claim 1 or 2 biomass fluid fuel, wherein said liquid fuel medium is selected from heavy oil and coal tar and heavy oil component and coal tar component, is preferably selected from carbolineum and washing oil.
4. each biomass fluid fuel of claim 1-3, wherein said fuel auxiliary agent is selected from dispersion agent, stablizer, antioxidant, pour point depressant and ignition dope.
5. method for preparing the biomass fluid fuel, this method comprises the steps:
Pulverize biomass material and also sieve, with obtain granularity be less than or equal to about 150 microns, preferably be less than or equal to about 120 microns, be more preferably less than or equal about 100 microns biomass raw material particle;
Described biomass raw material particle is mixed with the liquid fuel medium form crude mixture, the weight ratio of wherein said biomass raw material particle and described liquid fuel medium is 1: 10 to 1: 1, is preferably 1: 7 to 1: 1, most preferably is 1: 5 to 1: 1;
Make described crude mixture homogenizing and to wherein adding the fuel auxiliary agent, the total content of wherein said fuel auxiliary agent is counted 0.5-3.0wt% based on described biomass fluid fuel weight, be preferably 0.8-2.0wt%, 0.9-1.5wt% more preferably, wherein utilize the high speed shear emulsifying device to carry out homogenizing, to obtain homogeneous mixture as the biomass fluid fuel.
6. the method for claim 5, wherein said biomass material is the biomass waste that is selected from bagasse, vinasse slag, manioc waste, straw, straw, beans stalk, cotton stalk, cornstalk, corn cob, fallen leaves and wood chip.
7. claim 5 or 6 method, wherein said liquid fuel medium is selected from heavy oil and coal tar and heavy oil component and coal tar component, is preferably selected from carbolineum and washing oil.
8. each method of claim 5-7, wherein said fuel auxiliary agent is selected from dispersion agent, stablizer, antioxidant, pour point depressant and ignition dope.
9. each method of claim 5-8, wherein pulverize and screening before described biomass material be dried to water-content in advance be lower than 15wt%, preferably be lower than 10wt%, more preferably less than 5wt%.
10. each method of claim 5-9 wherein is used to make the high speed shear emulsifying device of described crude mixture homogenizing to be selected from colloidal mill and high speed pulverizer.
11. each method of claim 5-10, for the higher biomass material of fibre content, wherein also be included in and make described crude mixture homogenizing make described crude mixture under atmospheric pressure in having the stainless steel cauldron of stirring rake, carry out the step of carbonization before, wherein under agitation condition heat temperature raising to 215-290 ℃, preferred heat temperature raising is to 250-280 ℃, with the rotating speed of stirring rake be 500-1500 rev/min, be preferably 800-1350 rev/min, more preferably 1000-1200 rev/min.
12. the method for claim 11, the residence time of wherein said crude mixture in described reactor is 1-10 minute, is preferably 2-7 minute, more preferably 3-5 minute.
13. the method for claim 12 comprises also and collects the biomass light constituent that produces in the carbonization process that this biomass light constituent provides heat as fuel for described carbonization process.
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| CN201110125087.1A CN102226118B (en) | 2011-05-16 | 2011-05-16 | Biomass fluid fuel and preparation method thereof |
| PCT/CN2011/079511 WO2012155413A1 (en) | 2011-05-16 | 2011-09-09 | Biomass fluid fuel and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106833777A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-06-13 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | A kind of semicoke prepares the method and device of the burnt slurry of water |
| CN106833777B (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2019-10-29 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | A kind of method and device preparing water coke slurry with semicoke |
| WO2018196801A1 (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2018-11-01 | 武汉凯迪工程技术研究总院有限公司 | High-concentration biomass slurry and preparation method and use thereof |
| CN108264944A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-07-10 | 北京三聚环保新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of method for improving biomass and coal solid content in the oil |
| CN108264944B (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2019-07-02 | 北京三聚环保新材料股份有限公司 | A method of improving biomass and coal solid content in the oil |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102226118B (en) | 2014-03-19 |
| WO2012155413A1 (en) | 2012-11-22 |
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