CN101602954B - Method for manufacturing fuel through straw quick thermal cracking and fuel product thereof - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing fuel through straw quick thermal cracking and fuel product thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101602954B CN101602954B CN2009101582210A CN200910158221A CN101602954B CN 101602954 B CN101602954 B CN 101602954B CN 2009101582210 A CN2009101582210 A CN 2009101582210A CN 200910158221 A CN200910158221 A CN 200910158221A CN 101602954 B CN101602954 B CN 101602954B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for manufacturing fuel through straw quick thermal cracking and a fuel product thereof. The method comprises the following steps: crushing straw materials; drying the crushed materials; carrying out thermal cracking of the dried materials; completing gas-solid separation of the thermal cracking products; condensing gaseous biomass oil; collecting low-boiling point biomass oil; and mixing and grinding biomass carbon obtained after gas-solid separation, condensed biomass oil, water and surfactant. The fuel product comprises the following components in percentage: 30 to 60 percent of the biomass carbon, 2 to 15 percent of the heavy biomass oil, 0.2 to 1 percent of the surfactant, and the balance of water. The method converts straw through quick thermal cracking and makes straw into the novel fuel product of the biomass oil, the biological carbon and the water; moreover, the method has the advantages of lower production cost, higher yield of biomass fuel and better control of quick thermal cracking conditions. The fuel product has the advantages that the product has high thermal value and low sulphur content and does not block up pipelines and burner nozzles frequently during combustion; moreover, the product has stable performance and is convenient for transportation and storage. Therefore, the fuel product can be widely used in thermal power plants, heating boiler rooms, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the straw thermal cracking technical field, more particularly relate to the method for manufacturing fuel through straw quick thermal cracking and the innovation of fuel product thereof.
Background technology
Bioenergy refers to the energy that obtains from biomass, be a kind of renewable and eco-friendly energy, and the carbon of its energy carrier is from the CO in the atmosphere
2, the burning or cracking after again with CO
2Form turns back to atmosphere, thereby constitutes the ecological circulation chain of carbon.Bioenergy is as a kind of renewable energy source, and the status in energy structure is more and more important.The biomass fast pyrolysis technology is one of its key.
Biomass through pyrolysis refers to the thermal destruction of biomass under complete anoxic or limited oxygen supply condition, finally generates the process of charcoal, condensable gases (bio-fuel-oil) and inflammable gas (not condensable).Biomass through pyrolysis is complicated thermochemical reaction process, comprises reactions such as molecular scission, isomerization and small molecules polymerization.Three kinds of main constituents of biomass are usually supposed to carry out independently thermolysis, and hemicellulose is mainly 225～350 ℃ of decomposition; Mierocrystalline cellulose is mainly 325～375 ℃ of decomposition; Xylogen is 250～500 ℃ of decomposition.Hemicellulose and Mierocrystalline cellulose mainly produce volatile matter, and xylogen mainly resolves into charcoal.
Thermal cracking processes successively carries out from outside to inside, and composition was cracked into charcoal and volatile matter rapidly when biological particles was heated.One time scission reaction generates biomass charcoal, bio-oil and a non-condensable gases.Also further cracking of volatile matter in porous crack biological particles inside and high temperature gas phase forms not condensable gases and secondary bio-oil, and further cracking is decomposed, and is called the second pyrolysis reaction.Biomass pyrolysis process finally forms bio-oil, non-condensable gases and charcoal.In order to obtain the bio-oil of high yield, need remove the gaseous product that a pyrolysis produces fast, to suppress the generation of second pyrolysis reaction.
The China's oil scarcity of resources, the Oil Safety problem becomes increasingly conspicuous, and the situation is tense for problems such as topsoil simultaneously, acid rain, Greenhouse effect, must find out fundamental way and an alternative method that ensures energy security.But China is again the abundant big country of biomass resource, and only the output of agricultural crop straw has just reached 700,000,000 tons/year.Yet present utilization ratio only is 7%, and most stalk on-site incinerations have not only caused topsoil but also wasted resource.
The approach of development and use stalk is a lot, such as thermochemistry transformation technology, biochemical conversion technology etc.Wherein thermo-cracking oil tech processed is considered to the advanced subject of thermochemistry transformation technology, stalk can be changed into bio-oil, and the gas that produces can be made fuel, and solids is the high quality charcoal.
Bio-oil is a kind of mixture of liquid containing oxygen hydrocarbon-containiproducts, also comprises hydrogen-containing compounds such as acid, alkali and aldehyde ketone, and unstable properties, especially its thermolability have limited its range of application.Bio-oil has rich oxygen content, certain corrodibility is arranged, viscosity is big, complex chemical composition, weakness such as instability relatively.Its water ratio is that 25% o'clock calorific value is 17MJ/Kg, is equivalent to 40% of gasoline/diesel oil fuel value.
The research of biomass flash pyrolysis starts from the seventies in 20th century.The subject matter that exists is the difficult control of condition of quick cracking at present, and condition control is bad, and is bigger to the productive rate influence; The bio-oil that generates at high temperature is gas, and carries a certain amount of ultrafine carbon powder secretly, and when gas cooling, ultrafine carbon powder can produce dirt or obstruction in equipment and pipeline, and causes cooling off in the oil product that obtains and contain suspended solid.
Domestic in the fast pyrolysis technological development, do not break through the high point of large-scale production and suite of equipment as yet.Also do not see and form certain production-scale enterprise report.The New-type fuel product of the bio-oil of biomass fast pyrolysis and charcoal product and bio-oil, charcoal and water still belongs to blank in the market at home.Because the shortage of fuel, the potential customers of these products of demand are then a lot, heat power plant especially, heat supply, heating boiler station etc.
In sum, at present produce the technology of biomass liquid fuel is that all right with biomass fast pyrolysis ripe.Therefore, reduce the output capacity of starting material and thermo-cracking production cost, raising biomass fuel; Improve the use properties of biomass, develop the New-type fuel product of valuable bio-oil, charcoal and water, just become the important topic that needs to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just is to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming and defect, and a kind of method and fuel product thereof of manufacturing fuel through straw quick thermal cracking is provided.It can transform stalk and be processed as through fast pyrolysis the New-type fuel product of bio-oil, charcoal and water, production cost is lower, the output capacity of biomass fuel is higher, fast pyrolysis method and the technology comparative maturity of producing biomass liquid fuel, the condition control of fast pyrolysis better.Fuel product calorific value height, sulphur content is low, is difficult for blocking pipeline and burning shower nozzle when using, and stable performance is convenient to transport and is stored.Can be widely used in heat power plant and heating boiler station etc.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes following steps:
1. stalk material grinding; 2. the drying of crushing rear material; 3. the thermo-cracking of dried material; 4. thermal cracking products is sent into tornado dust collector, gas is separated with solid; 5. cyclone dust removal is separated the solid biomass charcoal condensation that obtains, send mixed grinding step 9; 6. cyclone dust removal is separated the gas rectifying washing that obtains, the gaseous state bio-oil that the rectifying washing is obtained send step 7 condensation, heavy bio-oil and solid biomass charcoal send mixed grinding step 9 at the bottom of the tower that rectifying washing is obtained, and the low-boiling point biomass oil that the rectifying washing is obtained is sent and collected step 8; 7. the condensation of gaseous state bio-oil; 8. the collection of low-boiling point biomass oil; 9. heavy bio-oil and solid biomass charcoal, the condensed heavy bio-oil of step 7 and water and certain amount of surfactant mixed grinding obtain fresh fuel at the bottom of the tower that the biomass charcoal after step 5 gas solid separation, step 6 are obtained.
The heavy bio-oil that obtains after above-mentioned steps 7 condensations send mixed grinding step 9, after the compressed pressurization steps 10 of the gas that obtains, send thermo-cracking step 3 again.
The proportioning of fuel product is that biomass charcoal is that 30-60%, heavy bio-oil are 2-15%, tensio-active agent 0.2-1%, and all the other are water.Water wherein is that present method produces, and has avoided the discharging of oily(waste)water, is conducive to environment protection, and has saved cost.
Granularity≤10 μ m after biomass charcoal grinds.
The combustion gas that present method adopts thermo-cracking to produce is the pyrolyzer thermal source, and the high-temperature gas after the burning tentatively is cooled to 130 ℃ with thermal oil and sends into air and remove the storehouse, removing the air in the material space, and further dry to material, emptying then.The function of rectifying washing is, the bio-oil partial reflux that condensation is got off, with liquid to the further washing, purifying of gas, to remove the solids in the splitting gas; The part biological matter oil that condensation is got off is as product, and products obtained therefrom does not contain suspended solid, and transparency is good, the quality height.The characteristics of above technology are:
(1) thermo-cracking is with the combustion gas heating that self produces, without any need for fossil oil.
(2) heat is fully utilized, and can adjust the ratio of the combustion gas that produces by regulating cracking temperature, satisfies production process on the one hand with heat, makes the oil yield rate of device the highest on the one hand.
(3) whole device does not discharge any pollutent, and the slag inclusion high boiling product amount that flow out rectifying washing back is few, and can be used as the boiler oil use.
(4) convenient and reliable operation, high safety.
The New-type fuel technical scheme of thermo-cracking bio-oil+charcoal processed+water and the difference of thermo-cracking bio-oil processed and charcoal technology are that processing mode and the product of cracking after product is different, in the present invention, the solid product of cracking is collected, cools off the back and grinds, again with split product in high boiling point bio-oil and the water that adds in proportion mixes the formation New-type fuel, collect the high-quality bio-oil of lower boiling simultaneously.Its advantage is: the New-type fuel that produces and coal water slurry phase specific heat of combustion height, and be difficult for producing suspended solid sedimentation and profit layering when storing, do not stop up conveying pipe during use and the shower nozzle that burns; Made lightweight bio-oil can be done the fuel oil of agricultural machine, and superior performance; Products obtained therefrom can be sold to oil burning package boiler and agricultural machinery user nearby.
Task of the present invention comes to this and finishes.
The present invention can transform and be processed as the New-type fuel product of bio-oil, charcoal and water through fast pyrolysis with stalk, and production cost is lower, and the output capacity of biomass fuel is higher, the control of fast pyrolysis condition better, the technology comparative maturity.Fuel product calorific value height, sulphur content is low, is difficult for blocking pipeline and burning shower nozzle when using, and stable performance is convenient to transport and is stored.Can be widely used in heat power plant and heating boiler station etc.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is functional-block diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1.A kind of method of manufacturing fuel through straw quick thermal cracking, as shown in Figure 1.It may further comprise the steps:
1. stalk material grinding; 2. the drying of crushing rear material; 3. the thermo-cracking of dried material; 4. thermal cracking products is sent into tornado dust collector, gas is separated with solid; 5. cyclone dust removal is separated the solid biomass charcoal condensation that obtains, send mixed grinding step 9; 6. cyclone dust removal is separated the gas rectifying washing that obtains, the gaseous state bio-oil that the rectifying washing is obtained send step 7 condensation, heavy bio-oil and solid biomass charcoal send mixed grinding step 9 at the bottom of the tower that rectifying washing is obtained, and the low-boiling point biomass oil that the rectifying washing is obtained is sent and collected step 8; 7. the condensation of gaseous state bio-oil; 8. the collection of low-boiling point biomass oil; 9. heavy bio-oil and solid biomass charcoal, the condensed heavy bio-oil of step 7 and water and certain amount of surfactant mixed grinding obtain fresh fuel at the bottom of the tower that the biomass charcoal after step 5 gas solid separation, step 6 are obtained.
The heavy bio-oil that obtains after above-mentioned steps 7 condensations send mixed grinding step 9, after the compressed pressurization steps 10 of the gas that obtains, send thermo-cracking step 3 again.
Embodiment 1 can transform stalk and be processed as through fast pyrolysis the New-type fuel product of bio-oil, charcoal and water, production cost is lower, the output capacity of biomass fuel is higher, fast pyrolysis method and the technology comparative maturity of producing biomass liquid fuel, the condition control of fast pyrolysis better.Can be widely used in the production of this New-type fuel product.
Embodiment 2.A kind of fuel product of producing according to the method for manufacturing fuel through straw quick thermal cracking.The proportioning of this fuel product is that biomass charcoal is 30%, the heavy bio-oil is 15%, tensio-active agent 0.2%, and all the other are water.Granularity≤10 μ m after biomass charcoal grinds.
Embodiment 3.A kind of fuel product of producing according to the method for manufacturing fuel through straw quick thermal cracking.The proportioning of this fuel product is that biomass charcoal is 60%, the heavy bio-oil is 2%, tensio-active agent 1%, and all the other are water.Granularity≤10 μ m after biomass charcoal grinds.
Embodiment 4.A kind of fuel product of producing according to the method for manufacturing fuel through straw quick thermal cracking.The proportioning of this fuel product is that biomass charcoal is 50%, the heavy bio-oil is 10%, tensio-active agent 0.7%, and all the other are water.Granularity≤10 μ m after biomass charcoal grinds.
Embodiment 2～4th, a kind of form similar water coal slurry but performance is better than the novel liquid fuel of coal water slurry.Its calorific value height, sulphur content is low, is difficult for blocking pipeline and burning shower nozzle when using, and stable performance is convenient to transport and is stored.Can be widely used in heat power plant and heating boiler station etc.
Claims (3)
1. the method for a manufacturing fuel through straw quick thermal cracking may further comprise the steps:
(1) stalk material grinding;
(2) drying of crushing rear material;
(3) thermo-cracking of dried material;
(4) thermal cracking products is sent into tornado dust collector, gas is separated with solid;
(5) cyclone dust removal is separated the solid biomass charcoal condensation that obtains, send mixed grinding step (9);
(6) cyclone dust removal is separated the gas rectifying washing that obtains, the gaseous state bio-oil that the rectifying washing is obtained send step (7) condensation, heavy bio-oil and solid biomass charcoal send mixed grinding step (9) at the bottom of the tower that rectifying washing is obtained, and the low-boiling point biomass oil that the rectifying washing is obtained is sent and collected step (8);
(7) condensation of gaseous state bio-oil;
(8) collection of low-boiling point biomass oil;
(9) heavy bio-oil and solid biomass charcoal, the condensed heavy bio-oil of step (7) and water and certain amount of surfactant mixed grinding obtain fresh fuel at the bottom of the tower that the biomass charcoal after step (5) gas solid separation, step (6) are obtained;
(10) with after the compressed pressurization of gas that obtains after step (7) condensation, send thermo-cracking step (3) again.
2. the fuel product of producing according to the method for the described manufacturing fuel through straw quick thermal cracking of claim 1 is characterized in that the granularity≤10 μ m after said biomass charcoal grinds.
3. according to the described fuel product of claim 2, the proportioning that it is characterized in that said fuel product is that biomass charcoal is that 30-60%, heavy bio-oil are 2-15%, tensio-active agent 0.2-1%, and all the other are water.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009101582210A CN101602954B (en) | 2009-07-22 | 2009-07-22 | Method for manufacturing fuel through straw quick thermal cracking and fuel product thereof |
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| CN2009101582210A CN101602954B (en) | 2009-07-22 | 2009-07-22 | Method for manufacturing fuel through straw quick thermal cracking and fuel product thereof |
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| CN101602954B true CN101602954B (en) | 2013-08-21 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101831331B (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2013-08-07 | 侯受树 | Process for preparing new energy gas |
| CN102408901B (en) * | 2011-10-12 | 2014-01-08 | 厦门大学 | Method for quick thermal cracking of biomass and device thereof |
| CN103571562B (en) * | 2013-11-10 | 2018-05-11 | 钱刚 | Straw elemental carbon prepares the production method of automotive fuel |
| CN104312605A (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2015-01-28 | 赵建勋 | Method for preparing combustible gas and active coke powder through pyrolysis |
| CN114317051A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-04-12 | 肖国雄 | Biomass high-energy-density liquid fuel and preparation method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101245250A (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2008-08-20 | 北京林业大学 | Energy comprehensive utilization method for lignification biomass material |
| CN101372624A (en) * | 2008-10-09 | 2009-02-25 | 熊晓明 | Method for preparing carbon, gas, oil and solution in scale by thermally cracking biomass material |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101245250A (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2008-08-20 | 北京林业大学 | Energy comprehensive utilization method for lignification biomass material |
| CN101372624A (en) * | 2008-10-09 | 2009-02-25 | 熊晓明 | Method for preparing carbon, gas, oil and solution in scale by thermally cracking biomass material |
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