CN102220178B - Method for preparing firewood sticks by waste cassava residues and application on charcoal preparation - Google Patents
Method for preparing firewood sticks by waste cassava residues and application on charcoal preparation Download PDFInfo
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- CN102220178B CN102220178B CN201110107198.XA CN201110107198A CN102220178B CN 102220178 B CN102220178 B CN 102220178B CN 201110107198 A CN201110107198 A CN 201110107198A CN 102220178 B CN102220178 B CN 102220178B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing firewood sticks by waste cassava residues and application on charcoal preparation. The method comprises the following steps of taking the waste cassava residues produced in the production process of cassava starch as raw materials, drying the waste cassava residues to obtain dried residues, and preparing the formed firewood sticks by the dried residues, wherein after the waste cassava residues are dried, the water content rate of the dried residues is controlled to range from 10% to 15%, and the temperature of a mold for preparing the formed firewood sticks by the dried residues is controlled to be 230-280 DEG C. The firewood sticks prepared by the method are further baked into charcoal products which have the advantages of low ash content, low sulphur content, charcoal content, high heat productivity and the like, and are high-quality biomass energy. By the method, the waste cassava residues can be subject to industrial processing to form three levels of products (the dried residues, the firewood sticks and charcoal), so that circulated economic ecological chain of 'cassava-starch-cassava residues-biomass energy' can be formed, simultaneously, the risk that the waste cassava residues pollute environments can be eliminated, the direct energy-saving benefit is obvious, and the indirect emission reduction economic benefit is remarkable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Biomass Energy Utilization field, more particularly relate to a kind of method of preparing firewood sticks by waste cassava residues and the application in charcoal processing thereof.
Background technology
Cassava, is shrub shape perennial crop, widely cultivates in torrid areas, the whole world, and its piece root is edible.Take cassava as raw material production, the product of processing mainly contains alcohol, starch, modified starch, β-amylose, organic acid etc., and wherein starch is the most basic, the most important converted products of cassava.
Current tapioca (flour) processing roughly includes raw material processing, immersion, fragmentation, separation, cleaning, several master operations such as dry, there is the problems such as comprehensive utilization degree is lower, industrial chain is short, the hysteresis of precision work series product development in whole production process, especially a large amount of waste residues that the processing of cassava product produces, do not fully utilized, this has become a bottleneck of cassava industry development.According to statistics, 1 ton of tapioca (flour) of every production is by the waste cassava residues that produces 2.5 tons.A large amount of waste cassava residues that tapioca (flour) enterprise produces at production period at present mainly exist plant area as main take heap, a small amount of sale, the waste cassava residues fermentation of stacking is very easily addled smelly after going bad, not only have a strong impact on plant environment and occupy a large amount of places, and the foul gas distributing has a strong impact on the periphery public's normal production and life, also can cause secondary environment as dealt with improperly and pollute.Therefore, the comprehensive utilization of waste cassava residues is that the extremely urgent problem that needs solution is produced in current cassava product industrialization, is also one of the Main Means of the maximum bottleneck of cassava product industrialized development that lifts restrictions.
Through investigation, forefathers also carried out much studying and obtaining certain achievement to the exploitation of waste cassava residues in recent years, as all there being research to use as animal-feed auxiliary material, Chemical Mixed Fertilizer aggregate, waste cassava residues gasification etc., but all because all odjective causes do not obtain large-area applying.Therefore, thoroughly solve waste cassava residues comprehensive utilization, turn waste into wealth, alleviate problem of environmental pollution, it is very necessary and urgent need exploring an effective energy-saving and emission-reduction approach for starch, alcohol industry.
In conjunction with national current energy-saving and emission-reduction, develop a circular economy and low-carbon economy, the inventor wishes to utilize the waste cassava residues producing in tapioca (flour) production process as single creature mass-energy source raw material, by physics and chemistry effect, production biomass energy, substitute fossil coal fuel and be directly used in boiler combustion or for domestic energy, thereby thoroughly solve waste cassava residues contaminate environment, reach that comprehensive utilization of waste materials is turned waste into wealth and the object of energy-saving and emission-reduction, thereby extend tapioca (flour) industrial chain, increase cassava added value.And wish is using waste cassava residues as energy raw material, how will to consider by tapioca (flour) production process, produce, water ratio is dried usually above 90% waste cassava residues, and make it moulding and make the firewood rod (also or, be further fired into charcoal) that meets biomass energy standard.
Dry about waste cassava residues: by investigating and facts have proved of test of many times, it is infeasible carrying out waste cassava residues dehydration by methods such as heat energy or machineries merely at present, and is very uneconomic.In the processing technique field of close agricultural-food, comparatively desirable and effective method is the method that machinery and heat energy mutually combine both at home and abroad at present, with mechanical means, potato slag is sloughed to part moisture content, then use heating power to dry (as air stream drying etc.).The key of this technique is to select which kind of mechanical means can slough to the greatest extent a large amount of adhesive waters, enters dehumidification system and be effective.
By relations such as abundant analysis waste cassava residues internal moisture and starch contained therein, fiber, protein, colloidalmaterials, find: during tapioca (flour) is produced, magma is after dipping, by pressure curved sieve or bore the equipment such as blue formula centrifugal screen starch is separated with slag, this slag major ingredient (in over dry) is as shown in table 1.
The composition of table 1 manioc waste
Bent sieve is discharged the potato slag water content 85%～95% without further processed, dry-matter 5%～15%, it is the poor solidliquid mixture of mobility, this mixture is placed under microscope, can be observed several situations below: 1. after production technique is processed, as Mechanical Crushing, shock, impregnating and cassava self physilogical characteristics various factors, exist not of uniform size, the starch granules (diameter is many between 3～25 μ m) of water-swelling, and some particle surface is frayed, and profile is different; 2. mutual weave in after diameter, the irregular Mierocrystalline cellulose water-swelling of length; 3. protein, colloidalmaterial etc. are uniformly distributed in the solid such as starch, fiber matter surrounding space.The result of comprehensive microscopy is: starch, fiber, protein and colloidalmaterial etc. are as the netted weave in that mutually combines, and each solid matter is without obvious hole.
Thus, the moisture in manioc waste exists following feature: 1. overlapped due to the material such as starch granules, fiber, and having blocked draining must physical channel; 2. various colloidalmaterials are uniformly distributed, and have not only blocked drain aperture but also because itself having certain toughness, with and the effect such as surface tension, increased resistance of water drainage; 3. the capillary action between each solid matter, particularly fiber and interfibrous capillary action, also increases the resistance of draining; 4. protein and most of colloidalmaterial are in hydrophilic micelle and fiber surface negative charge and water positive charge and attract each other etc., and these molecules or interionic reactive force, strengthen solid-liquid separation difficulty; 5. because fiber has very strong " heavily inhaling " phenomenon (fiber having dewatered is met water can reuptake again expansion), and in potato slag, exist multiple compressible substance, as fiber etc., so often there is volume change in the time being subject to External Force Acting, cause small water draining pass become more tiny or stop up, also make it to increase the potato slag difficulty of fully dewatering.
Because manioc waste has ingredient and the structural feature of above-mentioned analysis, belong to heat-sensitive material, in addition original state water ratio is high, from other take pure fiber and/or xylogen as the oven dry of the biomass (as: wooden chaff, crop straw etc.) of major ingredient different, the difficult problem of dewatering is perplexing the comprehensive development and utilization of manioc waste always: adopt existing conventional drying mode, thereby waste cassava residues is in the very easily gelatinization and then produce material clayization and cause drying and cannot continue of high-temperature condition lower surface.Application number is the technical scheme that 87208581,89101945.6,95216460.4 and 200820135811.2 Chinese patent literature discloses respectively multiple starch (powder) airflow drying method and apparatus, in these schemes, mention that the supplementary a part of hot blast of the whole tail gas of recycling becomes mixing hot blast dry for one-level, the free water content of whole wet feeds is removed in baking, and the technology of Multi-stage airflow oven dry.These schemes all adopt the airflow drying technology of positive and negative pressure air-flow combination, and compared with the simple airflow drying technology of using malleation air-flow, energy input can reduce a little.But, if these schemes are directly used in to oven dry waste cassava residues, because its structure does not possess the function that the classification of material wet steam is removed, for the These characteristics of the waste cassava residues raw material of mentioning above, be difficult to disposable cassava wet slag oven dry, and, very easily occur that wet feed paste wall even stops up the phenomenon of drying pipeline.
In addition, the raw material of the suitable humidity parameter of How to choose and firewood rod molding parameter, be also will prepare to meet biomass energy standard comprehensively and make the problem that all good firewood rods of the parameters such as ash oontent, sulphur content, carbon content, thermal value will solve.Due to the particular physico-chemical characteristics of manioc waste raw material, improper if raw material humidity and molding parameter are selected, very easily occur that forming machine stops up, firewood rod finished product are wet in dry outward, firewood excellent cannot moulding or firewood rod finished product occur that charing even causes the situation of burning.
Chinese patent 200510102225.9 discloses a kind of production method of fragrant charcoal, but it is to adopt using lower, the crude Cassava stalk stem of water content and root as charcoal processing raw material.New by looking into, not yet find at present the correlative study report that utilizes Industrial Solid Waste-waste cassava residues to make biomass energy.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention, is to provide a kind of method of preparing firewood sticks by waste cassava residues, and the firewood rod made from the method, has advantages of that ash oontent is low, sulphur content is low, carbon content is low and golf calorific value.
Through collective's tackling key problem and the test of many times of seminar of the present invention, the concrete grammar of preparing firewood sticks by waste cassava residues of the present invention is: directly take the cassava wet slag (initial aqueous rate is often up to 90% left and right) that produces in tapioca (flour) production process as initial feed, drying becomes dry slag charge → by excellent described dry slag charge compression moulding and obtain; Wherein, after described oven dry, the moisture control of dry slag charge is 10%-15%; Die temperature control when described dry slag charge moulding system rod is 230 ℃-280 ℃.Adopt this technique, can effectively avoid producing that forming machine stops up or firewood rod finished product are wet in dry outward, firewood excellent cannot moulding, firewood rod finished product occur that charing even causes the situation of burning, meanwhile, the firewood rod making, has advantages of that ash oontent is low, sulphur content is low, carbon content is low and golf calorific value.
But, the inventor's test shows: when manioc waste moisture content exceedes 71%, the also more difficult dispersion even if wet slag stir-fries, very easily forms agglomerate, and under the effect of " dodging anxious " vaporization, exsiccations (so that coking) of vaporizing rapidly of agglomerate surface moisture content, agglomerate internal moisture is failed fully evaporation, formation " half-cooked rice " phenomenon, pipeline, blower fan etc. very easily bond, be difficult to enter follow-up hot air drying system, production efficiency is lower, and heat energy consumption and comprehensive energy consumption are high.Cause being difficult for the disposable dry problem that reaches water ratio≤15% because sugary, starch, Mierocrystalline cellulose are high for solving waste cassava residues drying process, oven dry in such scheme, preferably adopt following processing method to complete: by described cassava wet slag through dehydration → wet feed send into throw raise predrying section of preheating of formula be dispersed as inner chamber that powdery wet material → powdery wet material enters sandwich moisture eliminator carry out prime gas solid separation formula dry → cyclonic separation → material is 10%-15% → cyclonic separation through rear class gas material mixing warm air drying to water ratio, obtains dry slag charge finished product; Wherein, after described dehydration, described manioc waste wet feed moisture control is≤71%; Described sandwich moisture eliminator, is connected with respectively hot gas flow in its inner chamber and interlayer.
For further reducing production energy consumption, improve drying effect, as to above-mentioned preparing firewood sticks by waste cassava residues further improvements in methods, the dry and rear class gas material of described prime gas solid separation formula mixes warm air drying and can adopt omnidistance negative pressure drying; Described throwing is raised predrying section of formula and is provided with at least one hot-blast outlet; Described prime gas solid separation formula is dry, comprises and adopts two-stage sandwich vertical drier, and the inner chamber of this moisture eliminator is provided with material import and export, and its interlayer is provided with hot blast import and export; Particularly, described prime gas solid separation formula is dry comprises the steps:
1) one-level gas solid separation is dry: from described throwing is raised predrying section of formula powdery wet material out and mixed with hot blast, negative pressure enters the inner chamber of first step sandwich moisture eliminator;
The hot-blast outlet that the interlayer hot blast import of this first step sandwich moisture eliminator is raised predrying section of formula by pipeline and described throwing is communicated with, and the hot-blast outlet of this interlayer is connected with the interlayer hot blast import of described second stage sandwich moisture eliminator by pipeline;
2) cyclonic separation for the first time: enter the first cyclonic separator from first step sandwich moisture eliminator inner chamber material negative pressure out and carry out cyclonic separation for the first time, the wet steam of separating is discharged through blower fan;
3) secondary gas solid separation is dry: after the material that cyclonic separation obtains for the first time and described throwing predrying section of hot blast providing of formula is provided mixed, negative pressure enters the inner chamber of second stage sandwich moisture eliminator;
Enter the second cyclonic separator from second stage sandwich moisture eliminator inner chamber material negative pressure out and carry out cyclonic separation again, the wet steam of separating is discharged through blower fan; Through the material that cyclonic separation obtains again, after mixing with the interlayer outlet hot blast of second stage sandwich moisture eliminator, negative pressure enters the air-dry drying process of rear class gas material mixture heat.
For further consolidating drying effect, prevent due to front and back level pipeline being again combined of the wet steam that brings and material that communicate, as the further improvement again to above-mentioned preparing firewood sticks by waste cassava residues method, the material outlet place of described each cyclonic separator, is preferably provided with air valve.
In such scheme, when the temperature that preferably adopts described throwing to raise predrying section of formula is elevated to and is maintained 300-420 ℃, wet feed is sent into and is thrown the formula of raising predrying.
In such scheme, it is that material is completed by the Pulseairstreamingdrier of one or several series connection that described rear class gas material mixes warm air drying.While adopting the Pulseairstreamingdrier of multiple series connection to complete, except repeatedly changing due to air stream drying caliber the advantage that the drying efficiency that brings is higher, thereby the length requirement that also can reduce single moisture eliminator reduces its manufacturing cost.
As to the improving further again of above-mentioned preparing firewood sticks by waste cassava residues method, in drying process, control in described interlayer logical hot blast temperature higher than in corresponding inner chamber the temperature of logical hot blast.Particularly, can volume control damper door is set in each hot-blast outlet pipeline of predrying section of formula and the interlayer hot blast inlet ductwork of described each sandwich moisture eliminator realize by raising in described throwing.Test confirmation, such structure and design have better drying effect.
In such scheme, described prime gas solid separation formula is dried and rear class gas material mixes the omnidistance negative pressure of warm air drying, can be by adopting vacuum fan, especially low noise centrifugal blower is realized, be beneficial to reduce material uncontrollable discharge and the process leakage of even avoiding the each joint of slave unit and valve place, reduce the sound pollution to environment simultaneously.
Of the present invention the method for described dry slag charge compression moulding rod can be adopted to prior art and equipment, for example, while adopting screw-type extruder, can be hollow bar-shaped by powder material forming, is beneficial to the perfect combustion of finished product firewood rod.
The method of preparing firewood sticks by waste cassava residues of the present invention has following features and advantage:
(1) can, by preparing firewood sticks by waste cassava residues, thoroughly solve waste cassava residues contaminate environment, reaching comprehensive utilization of waste materials turns waste into wealth and energy-saving and emission-reduction object, thereby extends tapioca (flour) industrial chain, has increased cassava added value.
(2) solved the forming technique of this biomass material of waste cassava residues under optimum temps and humidity.
(3) adopt that sandwich dryer configuration is carried out repeatedly, classification gas solid separation formula is dry, can by drying process from material isolated wet steam discharge as early as possible, that has avoided steam and material is combined generation " compound tides " phenomenon again, solved waste cassava residues cause being difficult for because sugary, starch, Mierocrystalline cellulose are high, cannot a disposable dry difficult problem that reaches water ratio≤15%.
(4) the omnidistance negative pressure of drying process, consumes energy still less, and, by throwing raise that formula is predrying, the dry and rear class gas material of interlayer moisture eliminator prime gas solid separation formula mixes after three sections of utilizations of warm air drying, extended hot blast and utilized the time, each venting port temperature is lower, heat-energy losses is less, and utilization ratio is high.
(5) the omnidistance negative pressure of drying process, compared with positive pressuring drying, obviously can greatly reduce material uncontrollable discharge and the process leakage of even avoiding the each joint of slave unit and valve place.
(6) the waste cassava residues firewood of the direct finished product-moulding of the inventive method rod biomass energy can be directly used in boiler oil;
The inventor's test shows, the moulding firewood rod burning-point that adopts the inventive method to prepare is lower, flammable good, the full technical analysis of firewood rod also shows, its gross calorific value is at 15.02～16.75MJ/kg, and net calorific value is at 13.80～15.52MJ/kg, total sulphur content is between 0.12～0.15%, meet " biomass molding fuel " related standard requirements, as energy fuel, can be used as Industrial Boiler fuel from industrial waste regeneration.
The method of above-mentioned preparing firewood sticks by waste cassava residues, also can be applied to charcoal processing: by the firewood rod made from aforesaid method, be fired into charcoal by tradition or existing technique, and, specifically can adopt the realization of traditional earth kiln or other carbonization device.
Invention success and the successful Application in charcoal processing thereof of this preparing firewood sticks by waste cassava residues method, the waste cassava residues that cassava can be produced to starch generation in season carries out industrial treatment, form three grades of products (dry slag, firewood rod, charcoal), the recycling economy ecological chain that progressively forms " cassava-starch-manioc waste-biomass energy ", makes:
1) eliminate cassava waste slag muck and abandon the odor pollution environment in plant area, the risk of pollution abatement underground water, improves environmental sanitation.
2) direct economic benefit is obvious: make biomass energy from cassava wet slag drying, moulding---firewood rod, and production cost is about 468 yuan/ton; The firewood rod of 1 ton can substitute 0.46 ton of mark coal, and mark coal market price is by 1468 yuan/ton of calculating, and the Economic and Efficiency Analysis producing from energy substitution, can save 207 yuan/ton.
3) indirect economic effect is remarkable: aspect reduction of discharging, firewood rod can be directly used in Industrial Boiler and substitute coal-fired, guaranteeing on the normal technical parameter basis requiring of Industrial Boiler, it is 0.46 ton that the fire coal that firewood rod per ton (net calorific value 13.48MJ/kg) can substitute is amounted to into mark coal, can reduce sulfur dioxide emissions 92%, soot emissions 60% left and right, reaches effects of energy saving and emission reduction.That is: use by adopting firewood rod substitute fossil fuels can reduce flue gas desulfurization treatment facility expense, equipment working cost and corresponding effluent charge.
In addition, firewood rod can further be fired ecological carbon, and approximately 3.3 tons of firewood rods can be fired 1.0 tons of ecological carbons, by ecological carbon instead of charcoal, can further alleviate because producing the destruction of charcoal to the forest reserves, reduces Forestry Carbon Mitigation and is damaged.
The prepared firewood rod of the inventive method and carbon product, also can be widely used in fireplace and barbecue purposes.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of an embodiment of the method for preparing firewood sticks by waste cassava residues of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of an embodiment of the stoving process in waste cassava residues of the present invention firewood rod motion processed.
Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of an embodiment of the present invention's waste cassava residues charcoal processing.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of an embodiment of drying unit used in waste cassava residues of the present invention firewood rod motion processed.
Description of reference numerals:
A-throws predrying section of B-prime gas solid separation formula dryer section C-rear class gas material of the formula of raising and mixes warm air drying section
1-burner hearth 2-drying shed 3-powdery wet material discharge port 41,42,43-burner hearth hot-blast outlet
5a, 5b-sandwich moisture eliminator 53a, 53b-interlayer hot blast import 54a, 54b-interlayer hot-blast outlet
The inner chamber material inlet 52a of 51a, 51b-sandwich moisture eliminator, the inner chamber material outlet of 52b-sandwich moisture eliminator
6-Pulseairstreamingdrier 71,72,73-cyclonic separator 81,82,83-wet-emitting blower
9-air valve 10-blower fan
Embodiment
Method below in conjunction with drawings and Examples to preparing firewood sticks by waste cassava residues of the present invention and the application in charcoal processing thereof are further described.
One, by preparing firewood sticks by waste cassava residues
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of an embodiment of the present invention's waste cassava residues firewood rod processed.Fig. 2 is the block diagram of an embodiment of stoving process wherein.Its concrete grammar is: take the cassava wet slag that produces in tapioca (flour) production process as initial feed,
1) dehydration is to this manioc waste wet feed water ratio≤71%;
2) gained wet feed is sent into throw and is raised predrying section of preheating of formula and be dispersed as powdery wet material;
3) it is dry that the inner chamber that powdery wet material enters sandwich moisture eliminator carries out prime gas solid separation formula;
4) cyclonic separation;
5) material is 10%-15% through rear class gas material mixing warm air drying to water ratio;
6) cyclonic separation obtains dry slag charge;
7) described dry slag charge is put into screw-type extruder moulding rod processed, die temperature control is 230 ℃-280 ℃;
Obtain firewood rod finished product.
Table 2 has been listed the cassava wet slag that adopts different wet feed water ratio, is dried to after different water cut, and at the processing parameter of 9 embodiment of different die temperature moulding rod processed, and the corresponding product parameters of making firewood rod.Wherein, what each embodiment adopted the is cassava wet slag raw material of same batch, humidity difference when just material enters drying unit, and, the processing parameter difference adopting afterwards.Parameter in all these 9 embodiment, is and adopts the result that in same set of device, test is produced.
Two, the drying unit in waste cassava residues of the present invention firewood rod motion processed
The structural representation of 9 corresponding cassava wet slag drying units that adopt of embodiment described in table 2 as shown in Figure 4.Waste cassava residues drying unit as shown in Figure 4, raises predrying section of A of formula, prime gas solid separation formula dryer section B and rear class gas material by the throwing being sequentially connected and mixes warm air drying section C and form; Wherein,
(1) predrying section of A of formula raised in described throwing: comprise the burner hearth 1 that is provided with horizontal drying shed 2 and is positioned at these drying shed 2 belows; The top of drying shed 2 is provided with cassava wet slag opening for feed (do not give and illustrating in figure), and bottom is provided with powdery wet material discharge port 3; Burner hearth 1 is provided with 3 hot-blast outlets 41,42 and 43; Powdery wet material discharge port 3 is all communicated with the import of prime gas solid separation formula dryer section B with one of them hot-blast outlet 41 of burner hearth 1; Throwing is raised on the connecting pipeline between predrying section of A of formula and prime gas solid separation formula dryer section B, is provided with blower fan 10, and this blower fan is selected low noise centrifugal blower; In described drying shed, be also provided with the machinery of the material scattering powdering wet feed of the sending into device that stir-fries, this machinery device that stir-fries can adopt existing routine techniques, succinctly considers for drawing, does not draw figure is upper;
(2) described prime gas solid separation formula dryer section B: the vertical band interlayer moisture eliminator 5a and the 5b that include two-stage tubular, the inner chamber of each moisture eliminator is provided with material inlet 51a (51b) and material outlet 52a (52b), and its interlayer is provided with hot blast import 53a (53b) and hot-blast outlet 54a (54b); Powdery wet material discharge port 3 and burner hearth hot-blast outlet 41 that the material inlet 51a of first step sandwich moisture eliminator 5a raises predrying section of A of formula by pipeline with throwing are connected, and its material outlet 52a is communicated with the opening for feed of first step cyclonic separator 71; The interlayer hot blast import 53a of first step sandwich moisture eliminator 5a is communicated with another hot-blast outlet 43 of burner hearth, and interlayer hot-blast outlet 54a is communicated with the interlayer hot blast import 53b of second stage sandwich moisture eliminator 5b; The discharge port of first step cyclonic separator 71, is connected with the inner chamber material inlet 51b of second stage sandwich moisture eliminator 5b by air valve 9; The inner chamber material outlet 52b of second stage sandwich moisture eliminator 5b, the entrance that mixes warm air drying section C through the second cyclonic separator 72 and rear class gas material is connected; The interlayer hot-blast outlet 54b of second stage sandwich moisture eliminator 5b is also connected with the entrance of rear class gas material mixing warm air drying section C; The inner chamber material inlet 51b of second stage sandwich moisture eliminator 5b, is also connected with the another hot-blast outlet 42 of burner hearth 1; The venting port of cyclonic separator 71 and 72, is connected with respectively wet-emitting blower 81,82; Cyclonic separator 72 discharge port, be also provided with air valve;
In Fig. 4, interlayer hot blast import and export lays respectively at the two ends of vertical tubular moisture eliminator, and material inlet is positioned at the bottom of vertical tubular moisture eliminator, and material outlet is positioned at the top of vertical tubular moisture eliminator;
(3) described rear class gas material mixes warm air drying section C: include the Pulseairstreamingdrier 6 of 5 series connection, its entrance is connected with the material outlet of described prime gas solid separation formula dryer section B, and its material outlet place is connected with cyclonic separator 73; The venting port of cyclonic separator 73 is connected with wet-emitting blower 83, and its discharge port is also provided with air valve.
Vacuum fan 10 and wet-emitting blower 81,82,83 actings in conjunction form negative pressure in drying pipeline.
In addition, in each hot-blast outlet pipeline of burner hearth 1 and the interlayer hot blast inlet ductwork of sandwich moisture eliminator 5a and 5b, be provided with volume control damper door (do not give and illustrating in figure), for control heat supplied with make in each sandwich moisture eliminator interlayer logical hot blast temperature higher than correspondence state in inner chamber the temperature of logical hot blast.
This installs corresponding prime gas solid separation formula drying means and specifically comprises the steps:
1) one-level gas solid separation is dry: from described throwing is raised predrying section of formula powdery wet material out and mixed with hot blast, negative pressure enters the inner chamber of first step sandwich moisture eliminator; The hot-blast outlet of raising predrying section of formula with described throwing due to the interlayer hot blast import of this first step sandwich moisture eliminator is communicated with, and the hot-blast outlet of this interlayer is connected with the interlayer hot blast import of described second stage sandwich moisture eliminator by pipeline; Material is in the time of the inner chamber through first step sandwich moisture eliminator, and inside and outside dual being heated, carries out one-level gas solid separation and be dried;
2) cyclonic separation for the first time: enter the first cyclonic separator from first step sandwich moisture eliminator inner chamber material negative pressure out and carry out cyclonic separation for the first time, the wet steam of separating is discharged through blower fan;
3) secondary gas solid separation is dry: after the material that cyclonic separation obtains for the first time and described throwing predrying section of hot blast providing of formula is provided mixed, negative pressure enters the inner chamber of second stage sandwich moisture eliminator, and dual being heated inside and outside again, carries out secondary gas solid separation and be dried;
Enter the second cyclonic separator from second stage sandwich moisture eliminator inner chamber material negative pressure out and carry out cyclonic separation again, the wet steam of separating is discharged through blower fan; Through the material that cyclonic separation obtains again, after mixing with the interlayer outlet hot blast of second stage sandwich moisture eliminator, negative pressure enters the air-dry drying process of rear class gas material mixture heat.
Three, the application of the method for preparing firewood sticks by waste cassava residues of the present invention in charcoal processing
Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of an embodiment of the present invention's waste cassava residues charcoal processing.As seen from the figure, the method for preparing firewood sticks by waste cassava residues of the present invention, also can be applied to charcoal processing: by the firewood rod made from aforesaid method, be fired into charcoal by tradition or existing technique, and, specifically can adopt the realization of traditional earth kiln or other carbonization device.
Claims (7)
1. the method for preparing firewood sticks by waste cassava residues, is characterized in that, is directly take the cassava wet slag that produces in tapioca (flour) production process as initial feed, and drying becomes dry slag charge → by excellent described dry slag charge compression moulding and obtain; Wherein, after described oven dry, the moisture control of dry slag charge is 10%-15%; Die temperature control when described dry slag charge moulding system rod is 230 ℃-280 ℃;
Described oven dry, be by described cassava wet slag through dehydration → wet feed send into throw raise predrying section of preheating of formula be dispersed as inner chamber that powdery wet material → powdery wet material enters sandwich moisture eliminator carry out prime gas solid separation formula dry → to mix warm air drying to water ratio through rear class gas material be 10%-15% → cyclonic separation to cyclonic separation → material, obtains dry slag charge finished product; Wherein, after described dehydration, described manioc waste wet feed moisture control is≤71%; Described sandwich moisture eliminator, is connected with respectively hot gas flow in its inner chamber and interlayer.
2. the method for preparing firewood sticks by waste cassava residues according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described prime gas solid separation formula is dried and rear class gas material mixing warm air drying is omnidistance negative pressure drying; Described throwing is raised predrying section of formula and is provided with at least one hot-blast outlet;
Described prime gas solid separation formula is dry, comprises and has adopted two-stage sandwich vertical drier; The inner chamber of this moisture eliminator is provided with material import and export, and its interlayer is provided with hot blast import and export;
Described prime gas solid separation formula is dry specifically to be comprised the steps:
1) one-level gas solid separation is dry: from described throwing is raised predrying section of formula powdery wet material out and mixed with hot blast, negative pressure enters the inner chamber of first step sandwich moisture eliminator;
The hot-blast outlet that predrying section of formula is raised in the import of interlayer hot blast and the described throwing of this first step sandwich moisture eliminator is communicated with, and the hot-blast outlet of this interlayer is connected with the interlayer hot blast import of described second stage sandwich moisture eliminator by pipeline;
2) cyclonic separation for the first time: enter the first cyclonic separator from first step sandwich moisture eliminator inner chamber material negative pressure out and carry out cyclonic separation for the first time, the wet steam of separating is discharged through blower fan;
3) secondary gas solid separation is dry: after the material that cyclonic separation obtains for the first time and described throwing predrying section of hot blast providing of formula is provided mixed, negative pressure enters the inner chamber of second stage sandwich moisture eliminator;
Enter the second cyclonic separator from second stage sandwich moisture eliminator inner chamber material negative pressure out and carry out cyclonic separation again, the wet steam of separating is discharged through blower fan; Through the material that cyclonic separation obtains again, after mixing with the interlayer outlet hot blast of second stage sandwich moisture eliminator, negative pressure enters the air-dry drying process of rear class gas material mixture heat.
3. the method for preparing firewood sticks by waste cassava residues according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the material outlet place of described each cyclonic separator, is provided with air valve.
4. the method for preparing firewood sticks by waste cassava residues according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described omnidistance negative pressure, and by adopting low noise centrifugal blower to realize.
5. the method for preparing firewood sticks by waste cassava residues according to claim 1, is characterized in that: when the temperature that predrying section of formula is raised in described throwing is elevated to and is maintained 300 ℃-420 ℃, wet feed is sent into and thrown the formula of raising predrying.
6. the method for preparing firewood sticks by waste cassava residues according to claim 1, is characterized in that: it is that material is completed by the Pulseairstreamingdrier of one or several series connection that described rear class gas material mixes warm air drying.
7. the method for preparing firewood sticks by waste cassava residues according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in drying process, control in described interlayer logical hot blast temperature higher than in corresponding inner chamber the temperature of logical hot blast.
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| CN201110107198.XA CN102220178B (en) | 2011-04-28 | 2011-04-28 | Method for preparing firewood sticks by waste cassava residues and application on charcoal preparation |
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| CN102492510A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-06-13 | 李伟光 | Production technology of cassava-potato residue-made fuel rod |
| CN106915888B (en) * | 2017-04-01 | 2020-08-07 | 广东焕杰环保科技有限公司 | Sludge treatment system |
| CN107473554B (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2021-01-15 | 北京中科领向环保研究院有限公司 | Suspended state extrinsic cycle drying system |
| CN107987913B (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2020-07-14 | 中国热带农业科学院广州实验站 | Method for treating cassava starch residues |
| CN109082289B (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2021-03-23 | 湖南工业大学 | Biochar processed by high-temperature heat conduction oil and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101240205A (en) * | 2008-03-05 | 2008-08-13 | 华北电力大学 | Method for preparing formed fuel by using agriculture castoff |
| CN101979477A (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2011-02-23 | 常小勇 | Biomass moulding fuel rod and process for producing same |
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| CN101240205A (en) * | 2008-03-05 | 2008-08-13 | 华北电力大学 | Method for preparing formed fuel by using agriculture castoff |
| CN101979477A (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2011-02-23 | 常小勇 | Biomass moulding fuel rod and process for producing same |
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