CN102214396A - Intelligent traffic system based on microwave detection - Google Patents
Intelligent traffic system based on microwave detection Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for detecting vehicles by using a microwave detector and realizing intelligent control, which realizes the detection and counting of the vehicles by transmitting and receiving microwaves, inputs the obtained data into a fuzzy controller, and calculates by using a fuzzy algorithm to obtain the duration of a green light in the next period, thereby realizing the intelligent timing of traffic lights. The invention provides a good solution to the problem of traffic delay caused by fixed timing in the existing traffic.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of utilizing microwave sounding and carrying out the intelligent traffic light timing, the applied microwave detector is surveyed vehicle flowrate, automatically regulates cycle, the duration of traffic lights according to the size of flow, with the traffic system of the Based Intelligent Control that realizes traffic lights.
Technical background
Intelligent transportation system (ITS) has proposed for many years in China, yet intelligent transportation system still can not be used well in present big and medium-sized cities.Owing to reasons such as road conditions, mostly present traffic lights signal period of change is to fix, and lacks real-time and polytrope.Sometimes in the crossing, the car accumulation on the major trunk roads is saturated nearly, does not have vehicle on the right shunting, causes car on the major trunk roads to wait for the arrival of green light nonsensically.Also there is the method control in employing unlike signal cycle at times some big and medium-sized cities at present, and it has certain abirritation, and right effect still is not clearly.Along with motor vehicles, Increase of population and development of urbanization, make the urban traffic blocking problem become increasingly conspicuous.Traffic congestion has not only reduced the efficient of infrastructure, but also has caused the pollution of air and the waste of the energy.Along with infotech, the development of control, communication network in real time, intelligent transportation system has more and more caused people's extensive attention.Intelligent transport technology mainly is to regulate the traffic by technology such as computer technology, the network communications technology, distributed information processing, makes better effect of traffic system performance, and sensor network technique is exactly a kind of in numerous intelligent transportation application technologies.By the information of all kinds of integrated intelligence sensor detection in real time, perception and various environment of collection or detected objects, and the various information process analysiss to gathering, make system carry out various coordination controls and operation, be the important content of present ITS applied research.How to adopt right sensors, the parameter of the various needs of traffic is obtained, realize intelligent traffic control system, alleviate serious day by day traffic problems, become the topic of a sensitivity of traffic department.
Technology to the intelligent traffic light timing also has much at present.But really can obtain the few of practicality.Article has been discussed the detection of carrying out the special bus flow with video in " sighing bright; based on the intelligent signal lamp systematic research and the design of video ", though this method has solved intelligent timing problem to a certain extent effectively, yet video acquisition often runs into a lot of problems in practicality, such as under the situation of rainy day, evening and mistiness, the effect of video acquisition is often undesirable.The mistake that this has just caused timing to occur.The annular ground induction coil of using widest in arealy now carries out the detection of vehicle parameter, because there is the construction trouble in annular ground induction coil, problems such as maintenance inconvenience, and damage to the track easily, therefore toroid winding provides convenience to traffic system on the one hand, has also brought very big negative effect to traffic on the one hand.Also having a kind of technology is exactly to carry out the control of signal and the measurement of vehicle flowrate, the speed of a motor vehicle and type of vehicle with infrared ray sensor; Monitor on the crossing the pedestrian and to driver's distributing traffic information etc.But infrared sensing is subjected to the weather condition influence of high humidities such as cloudy day, rainy day easily, thereby causes differentiating the decline of vehicle flowrate ability.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is:, provide a kind of intelligent transportation system based on microwave sounding at the deficiencies in the prior art.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is: 6 pairs of vehicles of applied microwave detector are surveyed, extract the vehicle flowrate in each track in the one-period, reject pedestrian's interference, carry out the Fuzzy Calculation timing with the vehicle flowrate that collects, the data that obtain finally are transferred on the traffic lights display board.
The intelligent transportation lamp control system that the present invention proposes is made up of microwave detector 6, data processing module 7, wireless communication module 8, master controller 9, computer controlling center 10, traffic lights display board 11 and fuzzy controller 12.Introducing below utilizes microwave to survey and realize the principle of Based Intelligent Control:
1, the installation of microwave detector 6: microwave detector 6 is installed in the roadside, shown in the circle of Fig. 1.A detector is all installed in each track.Microwave detector 6 is launched continuous modulating wave with the low power microwave signal in the ray fans zone, signal beam seems to be a huge bread, as shown in Figure 2 surveying the elliptoid projection of formation on the track.
2, the measurement of 6 pairs of vehicle flowrates of microwave detector:
Its core concept is to utilize the timer of high-speed dsp chip to produce certain hour interruption at interval, dsp chip carries out spectrum analysis to the signal by the ADC sampling simultaneously, because detecting device is installed in fixing position, the background of its overlay area is more fixing, therefore can on frequency domain, finish the elimination algorithm of clutter, to have vehicle by the time the frequency spectrum that passes through of frequency spectrum and no vehicle carry out frequency domain and disappear dried, again according to track under the amplitude location determination vehicle of frequency spectrum, the number of times that passes through of registration of vehicle respectively, divided by the interrupt cycle of timer, just can obtain vehicle flowrate then.
In addition, the judgement that the pedestrian disturbs, the Doppler frequency of institute's Doppler effect that causes generation is generally about 100Hz because the pedestrian walks, and the frequency filtering below the 120Hz, can reduce the influence of pedestrian to monitoring accuracy.
3, survey the signal data that obtains to data processing module 7 with microwave detector 6, data processing module 7 is handled the data that obtain and is transferred to master controller 9 by wireless transport module 8, master controller 9 is in conjunction with fuzzy controller 12, and by using fuzzy algorithm to come the data of input are calculated, draw next green light duration T constantly, and then the T value is passed to the traffic lights terminal, demonstrate the duration of green light.Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram of fuzzy controller 12.
Introduce each module of fuzzy controller 12 below:
1) defuzzification interface 3 (FI-Fuzzy Interface)
The input of fuzzy controller 12 must just can be used for finding the solution of fuzzy control output by obfuscation, so it is actually the input interface of fuzzy controller 12.Its main effect is to determine that really the amount input converts a fuzzy vector to.
Fuzzy processing is exactly the range that input variable is mapped to a suitable response domain, like this, imports data accurately and just is transformed into the suitable language value or the identifier of fuzzy set.General fuzzy 12 adopts error and changes as the input language variable.If error is [e ,-e], e is for characterizing the accurate amount of error size.The error domain [n ,-n+1 ..., 0,1 ..., n-1, n], n is the shelves number that will be divided into after the continually varying error varianceization in " 0-e " scope.Carry out the domain conversion by quantizing factor then, quantizing factor k is defined as k=n/e.
Can carry out obfuscation to error rate equally.Because the limited selection of quantizing factor is difficult to guarantee that the overall process of controlled process all is in the Optimal Control state, tends to reduce the robustness of Fuzzy control system.Therefore for simple delay system, can adopt the variable design factor that realizes by the array quantizing factor, or adopt under different conditions methods such as quantizing factor being carried out self-adjusting.
2) database 1 (DB-DataBase)
Database 1 is stored to be whole fuzzy subsets' of all inputs, output variable degree of membership vector value (promptly passing through the set of respective value after the discretize of domain grade), if domain is a continuous domain, then is membership function.
3) rule base 2 (RB-Rule Base)
The rule of fuzzy controller 12 is based on the experience of expertise or manual operation skilled person long-term accumulation,
It is a kind of language representation's form of the intuition reasoning of input.Fuzzy rule is formed by connecting by a series of relative usually, as if-then, and else, end, or etc.Relative must pass through " translation ", fuzzy rule could be quantized.
The knowledge base (KB-KnowledgeBase) of forming whole fuzzy controller 12 by rule base 2 and database 1 these two parts.
4) inference machine 4 and ambiguity solution interface 5 (Inference and Defuzzy-interface)
Fuzzy reasoning is a problem the most basic in the fuzzy logic theory.The method of fuzzy reasoning is a lot of at present, but considers inference time in fuzzy control, adopts the better simply inference method of computing usually.The most basic have a Zadeh approximate resoning, and it includes forward reasoning and backward inference two classes.The reasoning great majority are multistage reasonings in the engineering science, and reasoning also can be used multistage reasoning in the fuzzy control.
Defuzzification is the important step of fuzzy system, and it is that the fuzzy quantity that will produce in the fuzzy reasoning is converted into accurate amount.Common method has maximum membership degree method, gravity model appoach, a left side to get big and big method and method of weighted mean etc. are got in the right side, wherein gravity model appoach is meant and gets the fuzzy set membership function curve with the basic underlying variables value of the center of gravity correspondence of basic underlying variables area that axle the encloses method as clear value, also is the most frequently used a kind of clarification method.
3, the T value by fuzzy controller 12 output, the value of the T that the master controller 9 by being made up of single-chip microcomputer again, master controller 9 receive according to current steering handle output on the LED green light demonstration time board of the direction that desire passes through.Control center's computing machine 10 is connected with master controller 9 and carries out serial communication in addition.
Compare with present technology, intelligent transportation system of the present invention has following advantage:
1) native system such as above-mentioned design up to 95%, are carried out vehicle detection by microwave detector 6 to the detection degree of accuracy of vehicle flowrate, and be more much higher than degree of accuracy such as traditional Video Detection, ultrasonic listening, infrared acquisitions.Microwave detector 6 has little, the in light weight characteristics of volume, can measure the multilane parameter simultaneously, and installation and maintenance be very convenient at round-the-clock reliably working of rainy day, greasy weather, daytime, night.
2) native system can improve the real-time and the adaptability of traffic control according to the cycle of vehicle flow real time altering traffic lights and duration separately.
3) native system comprises that fuzzy controller 12, master controller 9 all are Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system, therefore is easy to upgrading, and is easy to use.
4) native system can reduce pedestrian's interference, has improved the accuracy that the magnitude of traffic flow is surveyed.
Embodiment
Intelligent traffic management systems mainly contains following ingredient: microwave detector 6, data processing module 7, wireless communication module 8, master controller 9, computer controlling center 10, traffic lights display board 11 and fuzzy controller 12 are formed.
Microwave detector 6 detects signal and is input to data processing module 7, after the vehicle number that obtains by data processing module 7 is input to master controller 9, by master controller 9 in conjunction with fuzzy controller 12, calculate next green light duration constantly by fuzzy algorithm, again the duration T that obtains is sent back master controller 9; Master controller 9 outputs to according to the T value that receives on the LED traffic lights display board 11 of the current direction of desire, final realization control in real time; Computer controlling center 10 is connected with master controller 9 carries out serial communication.
To surveying launched microwave signal beam on the track, any do not have the target of background all can turn back to microwave detector 6 to microwave detector 6 continuously, thereby determine the position of target.Data processing module 7 is analyzed, is calculated according to the echo that microwave detector 6 receives, thereby determines the transport information such as vehicle flowrate, road occupancy, vehicle and average speed in the search coverage.
Because microwave has diffraction characteristic, when the microwave signal bundle of launching was run into target, the signal of object edge diffraction can detect the vehicle that is blocked by other vehicles, so there is not the problem of blind area for microwave detector 6.Fig. 3 is its fundamental diagram.Be the easy for installation of it with microwave detector 6 the most significant advantages, as shown in Figure 3, be directly installed on the electric pole of road side and get final product, need not destroy the road surface, side direction can detect the nearly traffic parameter in 8 tracks simultaneously when installing, its accuracy of detection height can reach 95% in addition.
Handle the data that obtain with data processing module 7, be transferred to master controller 9 by wireless transport module 8.
The principle of work of master controller 9 is: if when between east and west to red light begin when bright, the vehicle Flow Detection in previous cycle of east-west direction finishes, and then can begin to be input to master controller 9 by wireless transport module 8 obtaining the vehicle flowrate data, begin to calculate the green light duration of the current period of east-west direction.By the time be input to master controller 9 again after the current period green light duration of east-west direction obtains, master controller 9 is transferred to corresponding duration value T on the traffic lights display board 11 of corresponding east-west direction.In the engineering of red light conversion, there is at green light the 2s amber light warning time, the signal Slow Down.Simultaneously, behind the green light duration of learning the east-west direction current period, therefore the red light duration of the next cycle of North and South direction+amber light duration (2s)=east-west direction current period green light duration can learn North and South direction next cycle red light duration=east-west direction current period green light duration-amber light duration.This process all is to realize by master controller 9.Master controller 9 is transferred to the North and South direction next cycle red light duration that obtains on the traffic lights display board 11 of corresponding North and South direction.By the time during the demonstration of the red light of North and South direction, the microwave detector 6 of North and South direction and data processing module are passed to 9 li of master controllers to the previous cycle vehicle flowrate that obtains again, and calculate the green light duration of current periods in conjunction with fuzzy controller 12.Circulation is gone down so repeatedly.
The function that interruption is arranged in the circuit diagram of Fig. 7, interrupt function comprise that two-way red light stops to interrupt and the warning of two-way amber light is interrupted.
Two-way red light stops interrupt function: when urgent passage situation, it is out-of-date to open such as the car that has 110 cars, 120 cars or 119 cars etc. promptly to exercise a public function, and each returns former duty then and work on to sending out a warning forbidden 12s.
Two-way amber light warning interrupt function is: more after a little while, each is to bright orange lamp warning Slow Down at vehicle at night.After restarting key, return former duty again and work on.
Data processing module 7, master controller 9 and fuzzy controller 12 all are based on the chip system of software programming, therefore can upgrade.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is microwave detector 6 scheme of installations of the present invention, and each direction has a microwave detector 6, and microwave detector 6 is from about 100 meters of vehicle parking line (dotted line).
Fig. 2 is microwave detector 6 radiation areas figure of the present invention, and microwave detector 6 radiation areas become ellipticity, and have certain width.
Fig. 3 is microwave detector 6 fundamental diagrams of the present invention, and the signal that microwave detector 6 detects obtains information such as the speed of a motor vehicle, vehicle flowrate and vehicle by data processing module 7.
Fig. 4 is fuzzy controller 12 schematic diagrams of the present invention, and fuzzy controller 12 comprises database, rule base, defuzzification interface, inference machine and ambiguity solution interface.
Fig. 5 is the structural drawing of Intelligent traffic management systems of the present invention, and wherein computer controlling center and master controller serial communication are realized Long-distance Control.
Fig. 6 is the control flow chart of Intelligent traffic management systems of the present invention, be input to data transmission module 7 by microwave detector 6 detectable signals and calculate vehicle flowrate, be transferred to master controller 9 by wireless transport module 8, master controller 9 is in conjunction with fuzzy controller 12, calculating according to fuzzy algorithm, draw next green light duration constantly, by master controller 9 duration is given on the traffic lights display board 11 of current direction again.
Fig. 7 is master controller 9 circuit diagrams of the present invention, wherein pin REDNS1, the GREENNS2 in the AT89C52 upper left corner, YELLOWNS3 connect red light, green light and the amber light demonstration of North and South direction respectively, and red light, green light and amber light that REDEW4, GREENEW5, YELLOWEW6 connect east-west direction respectively show.
Claims (6)
1. the intelligent transportation system based on Microwave Measurement is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Step 1: launched microwave is carried out in the track by microwave detector, when running into vehicle through detection zone, produce reflection wave, after receiving by microwave detector, and carry out producing intermediate-freuqncy signal after the mixing, be input to data processing module, calculate vehicle flowrate and be accumulated in the counter of vehicle by data processing module.
Step 2: according to the counting of vehicle, obtain the vehicle flowrate of one-period inside lane, vehicle flowrate is imported master controller, come to the flow information of east-west direction and North and South direction car by wireless transport module.After being input to master controller, master controller is in conjunction with fuzzy controller, and the utilization fuzzy algorithm is carried out analyzing and processing to the vehicle flowrate of input.According to fuzzy algorithm, the inquiry fuzzy reasoning table obtains next cycle green light duration.
Step 3: under the situation that the green light direction is determined of primary controller.Obtain following one-period green light duration be input to primary controller, and output on the next green light direction by primary controller and to show.
2. according to claim 1, a kind of intelligent traffic light control system based on microwave sounding is characterized in that, described master controller is made up of a single-chip microcomputer and the crystal oscillating circuit and the reset circuit that are attached thereto.
3. according to claim 2, a kind of intelligent traffic light control system based on microwave sounding is characterized in that, described crystal oscillating circuit is made up of the capacitor C 1 that is connected with single-chip microcomputer, C2 and crystal oscillator J1.
4. according to claim 2, a kind of intelligent traffic light control system based on microwave sounding is characterized in that, described reset circuit is made up of resistance R 1 that is connected with single-chip microcomputer and polar capacitor C3.
5. the intelligent traffic light control system based on microwave sounding is characterized in that, according to the vehicle flowrate of statistics, determines current direction; According to the vehicle flowrate of statistics, determine the clearance time of the current direction of desire.
6. the intelligent traffic light control system based on microwave sounding is characterized in that, it has two-way red light and stops and two-way amber light warning function.Two-way red light stops interrupt function: when urgent passage situation, it is out-of-date to open such as the car that has 110 cars, 120 cars or 119 cars etc. promptly to exercise a public function, and each returns former duty then and work on to sending out a warning forbidden 12s.Two-way amber light warning interrupt function is: more after a little while, each is to bright orange lamp warning Slow Down at vehicle at night.After restarting key, return former duty again and work on.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103366585A (en) * | 2013-06-22 | 2013-10-23 | 太仓博天网络科技有限公司 | Wireless sensor network-based self-adaptive traffic light control system |
| CN103700270A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-04-02 | 无锡职业技术学院 | Device and method for realizing prior passing through traffic information collection on cross roads |
| CN104809892A (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2015-07-29 | 南通职业大学 | Single intersection traffic signal fuzzy controller |
| CN105222699A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2016-01-06 | 中国民航机场建设集团公司 | Dynamic consolidation construction ramming times automatic monitoring method |
| CN107067748A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-08-18 | 宁夏乾元长龙科技发展有限公司 | Vehicle detection apparatus and system |
| CN109447004A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-03-08 | 深圳市戴升智能科技有限公司 | Pedestrian detection method, device, computer equipment and storage medium based on microwave |
| CN111028523A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-04-17 | 东软集团股份有限公司 | Signal lamp control method, device and equipment |
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| CN103366585A (en) * | 2013-06-22 | 2013-10-23 | 太仓博天网络科技有限公司 | Wireless sensor network-based self-adaptive traffic light control system |
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| CN109447004A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-03-08 | 深圳市戴升智能科技有限公司 | Pedestrian detection method, device, computer equipment and storage medium based on microwave |
| CN111028523A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-04-17 | 东软集团股份有限公司 | Signal lamp control method, device and equipment |
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Application publication date: 20111012 |