CN102213413A

CN102213413A - Coal-saving high-temperature boiling furnace

Info

Publication number: CN102213413A
Application number: CN 201110184678
Authority: CN
Inventors: 缪建通; 毛宇飞
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-07-04
Filing date: 2011-07-04
Publication date: 2011-10-12
Anticipated expiration: 2031-07-04
Also published as: CN102213413B

Abstract

The invention discloses a coal-saving high-temperature boiling furnace, which comprises a blower, a coal feeding system, a slag hole, a small nozzle button, a large nozzle button, a boiling combustion chamber, a high-temperature resistant material, a fire barrier, a settling chamber and a second combustion chamber, wherein an outlet of the coal feeding system is connected with the boiling combustion chamber; an external wall of the boiling combustion chamber is made of the high-temperature resistant material; the small nozzle button and the large nozzle button are arranged at the bottom of the boiling combustion chamber; the small nozzle button and the large nozzle button correspond to the outlet of the blower; the fire barrier is arranged between the boiling combustion chamber and the settling chamber; and the second combustion chamber is arranged on the fire barrier. The coal-saving high-temperature fluidized bed furnace has the advantages that: fire coal of 0 to 10 mm is mechanically fed to a distributor in the furnace; high-pressure air passes through the distributor to make coal particles in the furnace and furnace charges boil; and because the coal particles only account for 1 percent of the furnace charges, the contact area of the coal particles and air in a boiling combustion process is large, a speed of relative movement is high, a time interval between feed-in of raw coal and discharge-out of the raw coal is long, and some low-quality coals with a low heating value can be stably combusted by the second combustion chamber, so a quite high burn-off degree is achieved.

Description

Coal-saving high-boiling stove

Technical field

What the present invention relates to is a kind of coal-saving high-boiling stove, belongs to the drying materials production technical field.

Background technology

The typical structure of boiling furnace combustion chamber commonly used comprises cloth wind system, ebullated bed, charging and 4 parts of dreg removing system.1. cloth wind system.Combustion chamber bottom be an air distribution plate, direct perforate or adorn the blast cap of many band airing holes on the plate.The effect of air distribution plate is the carrying bed of material and makes the air rate of climb even along cross-sectional distribution in the stove.2. ebullated bed.Place a certain amount of material (comprising solid fuel and a large amount of lime-ash or limestone particles) on the air distribution plate.During operation, when the air in the bed of material reached certain rate of climb, the bed material on the ebullated bed just changed fluidized state over to from inactive state, and this wind speed is called the critical boiling wind speed.In order to keep violent Boiling Combustion operating mode, the wind speed when fluidized bed furnace normally moves is bigger than critical boiling wind speed, makes the bed of material expand into certain altitude.Bed material boiling highly is about the twice of the static bed of material, is fluidized state at the fuel of this volume, so be called ebullated bed, granule is then taken out of outside the stove by air-flow.3. charging and dreg removing system.Through sending in the bed of material to feeding system, generally discharge from overfall by the cinder of after-flame from coal bunker for the fire coal of certain particle size scope.The firebreak of general fluidized bed furnace is to have refractory material to build by laying bricks or stones to form, by negative pressure, the high-temperature gas in the combustion chamber and a part of coal ash are entered expansion chamber by the firebreak upper space, suck again in the drying plant, by high-temperature gas and mixing of materials, dry the moisture of material.Shortcoming is: fine grained fuel is taken out of by flue gas easily in the ebullated bed, so the uncombusted loss is big, efficiency of combustion is low; When burning high ash content colm, a large amount of flying dusts are full of burner hearths, adversely affecting its combustion state.

Summary of the invention

What the present invention proposed is a kind of coal-saving high-boiling stove, its purpose is intended to by improving the structure of fluidized bed furnace inner fire-baffling wall, use high-temperature refractory to do the pipe network shape, high temperature by ignition, the high-temperature refractory of pipe network shape absorbs heat on the firebreak, be stabilized in a condition of high temperature, form second combustion chamber.Do not reaching on the ebullated bed that ignition point fine grained fuel is taken out of by flue gas and the time by second combustion chamber, because second combustion chamber is equivalent to the high temperate zone of another one, make the fuel that does not reach ignition point in second combustion chamber, rekindle, fuel combustion is obtained fully, and then improve the utilization rate of fuel.

Technical solution of the present invention: it is characterized in that comprising air blast, coal feeding system, slag notch, little blast cap, big blast cap, Boiling Combustion chamber, exotic material, firebreak, expansion chamber, second combustion chamber, wherein the outlet of coal feeding system inserts the Boiling Combustion chamber, the outer wall of Boiling Combustion chamber is built into exotic material, the bottom of Boiling Combustion chamber is provided with little blast cap, big blast cap, little blast cap, the big corresponding setting with the outlet of air blast of blast cap, be firebreak between Boiling Combustion chamber and expansion chamber, second combustion chamber is located on the firebreak; With the conny of fragmentation, be blown into the shape that becomes to seethe with excitement in the boiling boiler burner hearth with high-pressure blast by air distribution plate and burn during use; Coal burns on boiling furnace charge bed: the coal of adaptation has incendivity bituminous coal, anthracite, brown coal and gangue; The mean temperature of the boiling bed of material is controlled at 850-1200 ℃; the thickness 5-15CM of the bed of material; be equivalent to a big accumulation of heat pond; wherein fuel only accounts for 5-8%; constantly the coal grain that adds enters the bed of material and the high tens times very fast burning of scorching hot particle mixing of temperature; directly receive 40% one 50% heat from bed; described second combustion chamber adopts high-temperature refractory to make the pipe network shape; the heat of absorption point fire burns; and be stabilized in a condition of high temperature; on ebullated bed, do not reach ignition point fine grained fuel and rekindle, make fuel combustion abundant when being taken out of and enter in second combustion chamber by flue gas.

Advantage of the present invention: fluidized bed furnace is that the fire coal of 0-10mm is sent on the air distribution plate in the stove with machinery, and high-pressure blast makes coal grain and furnace charge boiling in the stove by air distribution plate.Because the coal grain only accounts for about 1% of furnace charge, big and speed of related movement is big in the Boiling Combustion process with the air contact area, it is long to the time that discharges out of the furnace that raw coal is gone into stove, the ash-rich that some are difficult to burn in other type of furnace, low-calorie colm also can reach the very high degree that burns by the second combustion chamber smooth combustion.Specifically,

1) adaptability to fuel is strong, incendivity bituminous coal, anthracite, brown coal and gangue and various colm, gangue and coal slime etc.

2) efficiency of combustion is up to more than 95%.3) body of heater is heated evenly, long service life, and preparation of fuel is simple.

4) flexible operation, adjusting function is good, the stove quick heating.

5) the temperature even distribution heating is stable, can make dryer output improve 50-70%, economizes on coal 50% than other coal stove

More than, boiler slag carbon content is the good admixture of cement less than 1%.

6) labour intensity is low, the automaticity height.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is coal-saving high-boiling furnace structure schematic diagram.

Accompanying drawing 2 is the figure that build by laying bricks or stones of second combustion chamber.

Among the figure 1 is air blast, the 2nd, coal feeding system, the 3rd, and slag notch, the 4th, little blast cap, the 5th, big blast cap, the 6th, Boiling Combustion chamber, the 7th, exotic material, the 8th, firebreak, the 9th, expansion chamber, 10 is second combustion chambers.

The specific embodiment

Contrast accompanying drawing 1, the structure of coal-saving high-boiling stove comprises air blast 1, coal feeding system 2, slag notch 3, little blast cap 4, big blast cap 5, Boiling Combustion chamber 6, exotic material 7, firebreak 8, expansion chamber 9, second combustion chamber 10, wherein the outlet of coal feeding system 2 inserts Boiling Combustion chamber 6, the outer wall of Boiling Combustion chamber 6 is built into exotic material 7, the bottom of Boiling Combustion chamber 6 is provided with little blast cap 4, big blast cap 5, its medium and small blast cap 4, the big corresponding setting of blast cap 5 with the outlet of air blast 1,9 of Boiling Combustion chamber 6 and expansion chambers are that firebreak 8, the second combustion chambers 10 are located on the firebreak 8.

During work,, rise, on the setting height of boiling boiler burner hearth, become the burning of boiling shape with wind with being crushed to the conny of certain particle size; The burning of coal in fluidized bed furnace neither burn, neither be suspended in space combustion as coal-powder boiler on fire grate, but on boiling furnace charge bed, carry out.The coal that adapts to has incendivity bituminous coal, anthracite, brown coal and gangue.The mean temperature of the boiling bed of material is generally at 850-1200 ℃, and the bed of material is very thick, is equivalent to a big accumulation of heat pond; wherein fuel only accounts for about 5%; initiate coal grain just enters behind the bed of material and the high tens times scorching hot particle of temperature mixes, so can very fast burning, replaces so can use coal gangue subculture.Production practices show, utilize contain ash content up to 70%, the caloric value gangue of 7.54MJ/kg only, operation is normal.40% one 50% heat can directly receive from bed.

Second combustion chamber uses high-temperature refractory to make the pipe network shape, and by the high temperature of ignition, the high-temperature refractory of second combustion chamber absorbs heat, is stabilized in a condition of high temperature.Do not reach on ebullated bed that ignition point fine grained fuel is taken out of by flue gas and during by second combustion chamber, because second combustion chamber is equivalent to the high temperate zone of another one, the fine grained fuel that does not reach ignition point rekindles in second combustion chamber, can make fuel combustion abundant, and then improve the utilization rate of fuel.

The high-boiling stove can replace fat coal with colm, produce high-temperature flue gas, the main thermal source of drying material, its combustion system is between layer combustion and suspension combustion, dry various materials in the mode of direct heating or indirect, be used for departments such as building materials chemical industry metallurgy and light industry.

Claims

1. coal-saving high-boiling stove, it is characterized in that comprising air blast, coal feeding system, slag notch, little blast cap, big blast cap, Boiling Combustion chamber, exotic material, firebreak, expansion chamber, second combustion chamber, wherein the outlet of coal feeding system inserts the Boiling Combustion chamber, the outer wall of Boiling Combustion chamber is built into exotic material, the bottom of Boiling Combustion chamber is provided with little blast cap, big blast cap, little blast cap, the big corresponding setting of blast cap with the outlet of air blast, be firebreak between Boiling Combustion chamber and expansion chamber, second combustion chamber is located on the firebreak; With the conny of fragmentation, be blown into the shape that becomes to seethe with excitement in the boiling boiler burner hearth with high-pressure blast by air distribution plate and burn during use; Coal burns on boiling furnace charge bed: the coal of adaptation has incendivity bituminous coal, anthracite, brown coal and gangue; The mean temperature of the boiling bed of material is controlled at 850-1200 ℃; the thickness 5-15CM of the boiling bed of material; be equivalent to a big accumulation of heat pond; wherein fuel only accounts for 5-8%; constantly the coal grain that adds enters the bed of material and the high tens times very fast burning of scorching hot particle mixing of temperature; directly receive 40% one 50% heat from bed; described second combustion chamber adopts high-temperature refractory to make the pipe network shape; the heat of absorption point fire burns; and be stabilized in a condition of high temperature; on ebullated bed, do not reach ignition point fine grained fuel and rekindle, make fuel combustion abundant when being taken out of and enter in second combustion chamber by flue gas.