CN102211405A - Process for forming light-weight and high-pressure gas bottle made of composite material - Google Patents
Process for forming light-weight and high-pressure gas bottle made of composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN102211405A CN102211405A CN2010101430475A CN201010143047A CN102211405A CN 102211405 A CN102211405 A CN 102211405A CN 2010101430475 A CN2010101430475 A CN 2010101430475A CN 201010143047 A CN201010143047 A CN 201010143047A CN 102211405 A CN102211405 A CN 102211405A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a process for forming a gas bottle made of a composite material, which comprises the following concrete steps of: 1. treating an outer surface of a metal liner of the gas bottle; 2. preparing to obtain epoxy resin glue; 3. infiltrating continuous fiber in the epoxy resin glue prepared in the step two at 20-30 DEG C; 4. winding the continuous fiber, winding the metal liner treated in the step one by using the continuous fiber infiltrated in the step three, wherein the metal liner is alternately annularly and longitudinally wound 8-10 times, 2-8 layers of continuous fiber are wound in the annular direction or the longitudinal direction every time, and the winding tension is 40-50N per strand; and 5. curing the composite material. The light-weight and high-pressure gas bottle made of the composite material and produced by using the process provided by the invention has the advantages of light weight, high reliability, low cost and high working pressure and fatigue times.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gas cylinder moulding process, particularly relate to a kind of gas cylinder moulding process of composite.
Background technology
Composite material high pressure gas cylinder is a carrier rocket pressurizing transmission system important structure part of new generation, and the supercharging that is used for fuel is carried.Commonly used in the carrier rocket in the past is the titanium alloy cylinder of operating pressure 22.5MPa, and its moulding process is that titanium alloy forging strikes out definite shape, welding fabrication then, and major defect is that weight is heavier, and operating pressure is lower, and the air storage amount is less.
At present, begun the development work of composite gas cylinder both at home and abroad.According to the development of external space flight gas cylinder, be example with the u.s. space shuttle, by thin metal inner lining add composite cylinder that high-intensity fiber twines oneself through by a large amount of uses, the He of high pressure, N
2Container has all adopted the gas cylinder of composite construction.The SCI of the U.S. (Structure Composite Industries) has the history of three more than ten years in the composite cylinder manufacturing, they twine in the recombination pressure container manufacturing at the Thin-walled Aluminum continuous fiber and maintain the leading position.It is reported that certain composite gas cylinder that SCI makes is applied to carrier rocket, its moulding process is for adopting the continuous fiber wet method Wrapping formed, and its parameter is: diameter 345mm, and volume 34L, operating pressure is 17.6MPa, but safety coefficient is lower, only is 1.0～1.5.Domestic how tame unit is also carrying out work aspect the composite cylinder research, the gas cylinder metal inner lining of present domestic making generally adopts metallic aluminium or titanium alloy, but diameter is less, and general≤300mm, wall thickness is thicker, and general 〉=3mm, application is limited.Also do not have at present both at home and abroad to be applied to a plurality of fields of Aero-Space, reliability height, lightweight high pressure composite gas cylinder moulding process with low cost.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is defective, propose a kind ofly can be applied to a plurality of fields of Aero-Space, reliability height, lightweight high pressure composite gas cylinder moulding process with low cost at prior art.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is for being that a kind of lightweight high pressure composite gas cylinder moulding process may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, gas cylinder metal inner lining outer surface are handled, and use with the molded metal inner lining of spinning method as the gas cylinder metal inner lining, its outer surface is carried out blast handle, and metal inner lining outer surface blast is even; Handle by blast, can increase the roughness of metal inner lining outer surface, with the surperficial cohesive force of further increase metal inner lining outer surface and composite layer.
Step 2, the preparation epoxide-resin glue, epoxy resin: diluent: amine hardener: promoter is according to the mixed epoxide-resin glue that gets of the ratio of weight ratio 1: 0.2～0.6: 0.3～0.8: 0.005～0.006;
Step 3, continuous fiber soaks into, and continuous fiber is soaked in the epoxide-resin glue that step 2 makes down at 20～30 ℃, and infiltrating time is 2～10 seconds.
Step 4, continuous fiber twines, the metal inner lining that the continuous fiber that the use step 3 was soaked into was handled step 1 twines, adopt hoop to twine during winding and vertically twine the mode that alternates and carry out, alternately twine 8～10 times, the number of times that each hoop twines or vertically twines is 2～8 layers, and winding tension is 40～50N/ thigh.
Step 5, composite material solidification after above-mentioned winding process finishes, is cured gas cylinder, programming rate with 0.6～1 ℃/min, be increased to 70 ℃ of insulations 2 hours, be increased to 120 ℃ of insulations 2 hours again, be elevated to 150 ℃ of insulations 3 hours again, heating rate is 30 ± 5 ℃/h, to be not more than the cooling rate of 2 ℃/min, make the gas cylinder cool to room temperature promptly finish curing at last, make finished product.
Further, aforesaid a kind of lightweight high pressure composite gas cylinder moulding process, wherein, the described blast pressure of step 1 is 0.2～0.5MPa, the sand number is 20～60 orders.
Further, aforesaid a kind of lightweight high pressure composite gas cylinder moulding process, wherein, the described epoxy resin of step 2 is common bisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol f type epoxy resin, amino four sense epoxy resin or 1,2-7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0 4,5 dioctyl phthalate epoxy resin, diluent is an ethylene glycol diglycidylether, tetrahydrobenzene dimethyl ester epoxy resin, the O-phthalic ester epoxy resin, between benzene dimethyl ester epoxy resin or resorcinol bisglycidyl ether, amine hardener is a m-phenylene diamine (MPD), diaminodiphenyl-methane, diamino diphenyl sulfone, between amino methylamine or dibenamine base ether, promoter is imidazoles, the 2-4-methylimidazole, glyoxal ethyline, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, 2-phenylimidazole or DMP-30.
Further, aforesaid a kind of lightweight high pressure composite gas cylinder moulding process, wherein, the described continuous fiber of step 3 can be toray T300 continuous fiber, toray T700 continuous fiber, toray T1000 continuous fiber or M40 continuous fiber.
Further, aforesaid a kind of lightweight high pressure composite gas cylinder moulding process, wherein, the hoop in the step 4 twines round the shell portion of metal inner lining and carries out, and hoop twines face and metal inner lining axial line angle is that the hoop winding angle is 90 degree; Vertically twine round the shell portion and the changeover portion of metal inner lining and carry out the reaming winding, vertically winding face and metal inner lining axial line angle are that vertical winding angle is ± 6～50 degree, when vertically twining continuous fiber from one section end socket pile warp shell portion of gas cylinder to other end end socket, the pile warp shell portion is got back to initial end socket again, twines so repeatedly and finishes; As adopting same winding angle, can cause fiber accumulations when vertically twining,, make the diverse location of different vertical winding fiber accumulations, make the fibre strength at end socket position even at end socket so carry out the reaming winding by changing winding angle at the end socket position.
Further, aforesaid a kind of lightweight high pressure composite gas cylinder moulding process, wherein, vertical winding angle of changeover portion is ± 32～50 degree in the step 4, and twining the number of plies is 4～6 layers, and this is because the changeover portion composite layer that combines with shell portion at end socket is the thinnest and do not have hoop layer again, the circumference stress maximum, therefore twine the number of plies and winding angle by increasing, improve the hoop intensity of changeover portion, avoid the changeover portion of gas cylinder to occur destroying.
Further, aforesaid a kind of lightweight high pressure composite gas cylinder moulding process, wherein, canoe in the step 4 is: hoop twines four layers, vertically twine two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 6 degree, hoop twines four layers, vertically twine two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 18 degree, vertically twine two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 24 degree, hoop twines four layers, vertically twine two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 30 degree, vertically twines two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 42 degree, and hoop twines four layers, vertically twine two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 50 degree, vertically twine two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 24 degree, and hoop twines four layers, vertically twines two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 24 degree, vertically twine two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 12 degree, hoop twines four layers, twines conversion ten times altogether, finishes continuous fiber and twines; Inaccurate broken yarn in the winding process, winding tension is the 40N/ thigh, every two-layer tension force 1N that successively decreases.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the lightweight high pressure composite gas cylinder that uses technology of the present invention to make is in light weight, reliability is high, with low cost, operating pressure and times of fatigue height, burst pressure is greater than 80MPa, but repeated application in aircraft propulsion with composite material high pressure gas cylinder, satellite control system with the breathing in high pressure helium gas cylinder, the astronaut's life-support systems with aerospace structures such as oxygen cylinders on, be with a wide range of applications.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a lightweight high pressure composite gas cylinder molding structure schematic diagram.
Among the figure, 1-metal inner lining, 2-composite layer, 3-shell portion, 4-seal head section, 5-changeover portion.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Prepare lightweight high pressure composite gas cylinder according to following steps:
Step 1, gas cylinder metal inner lining outer surface is handled, and the gas cylinder metal inner lining of use is molded with the spinning method, and diameter is 400mm, shell portion length 300mm, end socket length 150mm.The metal inner lining outer surface is carried out blast handle, the pressure of blowing sand is that the order number of 0.2MPa sand is 40 orders, and metal inner lining outer surface blast is even, and the blast step adopts existing technology to realize;
Step 2, the preparation epoxide-resin glue, proportioning is epoxy resin TDE-85 (1,2-7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0 4,5 dioctyl phthalate epoxy resin), diluent 669 epoxy resin (ethylene glycol diglycidylether), amine hardener DDM (4,4 '-diaminodiphenyl-methane) and promoter 2-4-methylimidazole according to weight ratio 1: 0.6: 0.3: 0.005 ratio is mixed into glue, and blend step adopts existing technology to realize;
Step 3, continuous fiber soaks into, and continuous fiber is soaked in the epoxide-resin glue that step 2 makes down at 20～30 ℃, and fiber adopts the T700 continuous fiber of toray, and infiltrating time was controlled at about 2 seconds.
Step 4, continuous fiber twines, and concrete winding implementation process is as follows: hoop twines four layers, vertically eight layers of windings, vertical winding angle are ± 14 degree, hoop twines four layers, vertically twines six layers, vertically winding angle is ± 25 degree, and hoop twines four layers, vertically eight layers of windings, vertical winding angle are ± 30 degree, hoop twines four layers, vertically twines four layers, vertically winding angle is ± 35 degree, and hoop twines two-layer, twine conversion eight times altogether, finish continuous fiber and twine.Inaccurate broken yarn in the winding process twines with 4 yarn groups, guarantees co-operation, and reduces the fluctuation of yarn group's rotating ratio and tension force; Twining initial tension is the 50N/ thigh, whenever two-layerly successively decreases 1 N.
Step 5, composite material solidification, after above-mentioned winding process finishes, gas cylinder is cured, with the programming rate of 0.6 ℃/min, be increased to 70 ℃ of insulations 2 hours, be increased to 120 ℃ of insulations 2 hours again, be elevated to 150 ℃ of insulations 3 hours again, heating rate is: 30 ± 5 ℃/h, make the gas cylinder cool to room temperature promptly finish curing with the cooling rate that is not more than 2 ℃/min at last, make finished product.
In this embodiment, the 2-4-methylimidazole can substitute with 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole.
Lightweight high pressure composite gas cylinder to moulding has carried out the water pressure test, fatigue test, air seal test and explosion bulge test, and concrete result of the test is as shown in the table:
Adopt the Wrapping formed composite material cylinder intensity uniformity of this winding method higher, the higher 85MPa of burst pressure, fatigue behaviour can be used as satellite structure composite gas cylinder better greater than 1000 times.
Embodiment 2
According to preparing lightweight high pressure composite gas cylinder with embodiment 1 the same step, its difference part is:
(1) the gas cylinder metal inner lining diameter that uses in the step 1 is 350mm, shell portion length 300mm, end socket length 150mm;
(2) in the step 2 epoxide-resin glue by being amino four sense epoxy resin, O-phthalic ester epoxy resin, m-phenylene diamine (MPD) and glyoxal ethyline according to weight ratio 1: 0.6: 0.3: 0.005 ratio is mixed;
(3) fiber that uses in the step 3 is the T300 continuous fiber, and infiltrating time was controlled at about 3 seconds.
(4) the concrete winding implementation process in the step 4 is that hoop twines four layers, vertically twine two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 12 degree, hoop twines four layers, vertically twine two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 18 degree, vertically twine two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 24 degree, hoop twines four layers, vertically twine two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 30 degree, vertically twine two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 42 degree, hoop twines four layers, vertically twines two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 50 degree, vertically twines two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 24 degree, hoop twines four layers, vertically twine two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 24 degree, vertically twines two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 12 degree, and hoop twines four layers, twine conversion ten times altogether, finish continuous fiber and twine.Inaccurate broken yarn in the winding process twines with 3 yarn groups, guarantees co-operation, and reduces the fluctuation of yarn group's rotating ratio and tension force; Winding tension is the 40N/ thigh, every two-layer tension force 1N that successively decreases.
Lightweight high pressure composite gas cylinder to moulding has carried out the water pressure test, fatigue test, air seal test and explosion bulge test, and concrete result of the test is as shown in the table:
Adopt the Wrapping formed composite gas cylinder of the method, owing to adopt the variation of vertical winding angle more even, and adopt the big winding angle of 42 degree and 50 degree, winding layer thickness near the end socket position strengthens, have higher burst pressure, greater than 100MPa, operating pressure can be designed as 50MPa, and have bigger volume, can be used as rocket engine pressure charging system composite gas cylinder.
Embodiment 3
According to preparing lightweight high pressure composite gas cylinder with embodiment 1 the same step, its difference part is:
(1) the gas cylinder metal inner lining diameter that uses in the step 1 is 500mm, shell portion length 600mm, end socket length 150mm;
(2) in the step 2 epoxide-resin glue by being common bisphenol A type epoxy resin, tetrahydrobenzene dimethyl ester epoxy resin, an amino methylamine and imidazoles according to weight ratio 1: 0.4: 0.5: 0.005 ratio is mixed;
(3) fiber that uses in the step 3 is the T100 continuous fiber, and infiltrating time was controlled at about 6 seconds;
(4) the concrete winding implementation process in the step 4 is that hoop twines four layers, vertically twine two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 16 degree, hoop twines four layers, vertically twine two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 21 degree, hoop twines four layers, vertically twine two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 35 degree, vertically twine two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 38 degree, hoop twines four layers, vertically twine four layers, vertically winding angle is ± 42 degree, hoop twines four layers, vertically twines two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 24 degree, and hoop twines four layers, vertically twine two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 14 degree, hoop twines four layers, twines conversion 16 times altogether, finishes continuous fiber and twines.Inaccurate broken yarn in the winding process twines with 1 yarn group, guarantees co-operation, and reduces the fluctuation of yarn group's rotating ratio and tension force; Initial winding tension is the 45N/ thigh, every two-layer 2N that successively decreases.
In this embodiment, common bisphenol A type epoxy resin can substitute with bisphenol f type epoxy resin.
Lightweight high pressure composite gas cylinder to moulding has carried out the water pressure test, fatigue test, air seal test and explosion bulge test, and concrete result of the test is as shown in the table:
The composite gas cylinder diameter of present embodiment moulding is bigger, and length is longer, and burst pressure is higher to be 79MPa.
Embodiment 4
According to preparing lightweight high pressure composite gas cylinder with embodiment 1 the same step, its difference part is:
(1) the gas cylinder metal inner lining diameter that uses in the step 1 is 163mm, shell portion length 300mm, end socket length 150mm;
(2) prepare epoxide-resin glue in the step 2, proportioning is that epoxy resin E-51, diluent 711 epoxy resin are that tetrahydrophthalic acid 2-glycidyl ester, amine hardener DDM and promoter imidazoles are 1: 0.5: 0.5 according to weight ratio: 0.006 ratio is mixed into glue;
(3) fiber that uses in the step 3 is M40 continuous fiber continuous fiber, and infiltrating time was controlled at about 10 seconds;
(4) the concrete winding implementation process in the step 4 is that hoop twines four layers, vertically eight layers of windings, vertical winding angle are ± 10 degree, vertically twining two-layer, vertical winding angle is ± 25 degree, and hoop twines four layers, vertically twines two-layer, vertical winding angle and is ± 38 degree, vertically twining two-layer, vertical winding angle is ± 25 degree, hoop twines four layers, vertically twines two-layer, vertical winding angle and is ± 10 degree, and hoop twines four layers, twine conversion seven times altogether, finish continuous fiber and twine.Inaccurate broken yarn in the winding process twines with 2 yarn groups, guarantees co-operation, and reduces the fluctuation of yarn group's rotating ratio and tension force; Winding tension is the 30N/ thigh, per four layers of tension force 1N that successively decreases.
Lightweight high pressure composite gas cylinder to moulding has carried out the water pressure test, fatigue test, air seal test and explosion bulge test, and concrete result of the test is as shown in the table:
The composite gas cylinder volume of present embodiment moulding is less, but burst pressure and fatigue behaviour are better, can be used as the gas bomb of respiratory oxygen.
Embodiment 5
According to preparing lightweight high pressure composite gas cylinder with embodiment 4 the same steps, its difference part is:
(1) prepare epoxide-resin glue in the step 2, proportioning is that epoxy resin E-51, diluent 678 epoxy resin, amine hardener DDM and promoter imidazoles are 1: 0.6: 0.5 according to weight ratio: 0.01 ratio is mixed into glue;
(2) fiber that uses in the step 3 is the T300 carbon fiber.
Lightweight high pressure composite gas cylinder to moulding has carried out the water pressure test, fatigue test and explosion bulge test, and concrete result of the test is as shown in the table:
The composite gas cylinder of present embodiment moulding adopts toray T300 carbon fiber, though descend than the burst pressure of embodiment 4, has fatigue behaviour preferably.
Above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to embodiments of the invention to having done detailed description, but the present invention is not limited to the foregoing description, in the ken that those of ordinary skills possessed, can also make various variations under the prerequisite that does not break away from aim of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. lightweight high pressure composite gas cylinder moulding process may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, gas cylinder metal inner lining outer surface are handled, and use with the molded metal inner lining of spinning method as the gas cylinder metal inner lining, its outer surface is carried out blast handle, and metal inner lining outer surface blast is even;
Step 2, the preparation epoxide-resin glue, epoxy resin: diluent: amine hardener: promoter is according to the mixed epoxide-resin glue that gets of the ratio of weight ratio 1: 0.2～0.6: 0.3～0.8: 0.005～0.006;
Step 3, continuous fiber soaks into, and continuous fiber is soaked in the epoxide-resin glue that step 2 makes down at 20～30 ℃, and infiltrating time is 2～10 seconds;
Step 4, continuous fiber twines, the metal inner lining that the continuous fiber that the use step 3 was soaked into was handled step 1 twines, adopt hoop to twine during winding and vertically twine the mode that alternates and carry out, alternately twine 8～10 times, the number of times that each hoop twines or vertically twines is 2～8 layers, and winding tension is 40～50N/ thigh;
Step 5, composite material solidification, after above-mentioned winding process finishes, gas cylinder is cured,, is increased to 70 ℃ of insulations 2 hours with the programming rate of 0.6～1 ℃/min, be increased to 120 ℃ of insulations 2 hours again, be elevated to 150 ℃ of insulations 3 hours again, heating rate is: 30 ± 5 ℃/h makes the gas cylinder cool to room temperature promptly finish curing with the cooling rate that is not more than 2 ℃/min at last, makes finished product.
2. a kind of lightweight high pressure composite gas cylinder moulding process as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the described blast pressure of step 1 is 0.2～0.5MPa, and the sand number is 20～60 orders.
3. a kind of lightweight high pressure composite gas cylinder moulding process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the described epoxy resin of step 2 is common bisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol f type epoxy resin, amino four sense epoxy resin or 1,2-7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0 4,5 dioctyl phthalate epoxy resin, diluent is an ethylene glycol diglycidylether, tetrahydrobenzene dimethyl ester epoxy resin, the O-phthalic ester epoxy resin, between benzene dimethyl ester epoxy resin or resorcinol bisglycidyl ether, amine hardener is a m-phenylene diamine (MPD), diaminodiphenyl-methane, diamino diphenyl sulfone, between amino methylamine or dibenamine base ether, promoter is imidazoles, the 2-4-methylimidazole, glyoxal ethyline, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, 2-phenylimidazole or DMP-30.
4. as the described a kind of lightweight high pressure composite gas cylinder moulding process of claim one, it is characterized in that the described continuous fiber of step 3 can be toray T300 continuous fiber, toray T700 continuous fiber, toray T1000 continuous fiber or M40 continuous fiber.
5. a kind of lightweight high pressure composite gas cylinder moulding process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that hoop in the step 4 twines round the shell portion of metal inner lining carries out, and hoop twines face and metal inner lining axial line angle is that the hoop winding angle is 90 degree; Vertically twine round the shell portion and the changeover portion of metal inner lining and carry out the reaming winding, vertically winding face and metal inner lining axial line angle are that vertical winding angle is ± 10～50 degree, when vertically twining continuous fiber from one section end socket pile warp shell portion of gas cylinder to other end end socket, the pile warp shell portion is got back to initial end socket again, twines so repeatedly and finishes.
6. a kind of lightweight high pressure composite gas cylinder moulding process as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that vertical winding angle of changeover portion in the step 4 is ± 32～50 degree, and twining the number of plies is 4～6 layers.
7. a kind of lightweight high pressure composite gas cylinder moulding process as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that canoe is that hoop twines four layers, vertically twine two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 12 degree, hoop twines four layers, vertically twine two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 18 degree, vertically twine two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 24 degree, hoop twines four layers, vertically twine two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 30 degree, vertically twine two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 42 degree, hoop twines four layers, vertically twine two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 50 degree, vertically twine two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 24 degree, and hoop twines four layers, vertically twines two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 24 degree, vertically twine two-layer, vertically winding angle is ± 12 degree, hoop twines four layers, twines conversion ten times altogether, finishes continuous fiber and twines; Inaccurate broken yarn in the winding process, winding tension is the 40N/ thigh, every two-layer tension force 1N that successively decreases.
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