CN102210092A - 三相交流控制器 - Google Patents

三相交流控制器 Download PDF

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CN102210092A
CN102210092A CN2009801447202A CN200980144720A CN102210092A CN 102210092 A CN102210092 A CN 102210092A CN 2009801447202 A CN2009801447202 A CN 2009801447202A CN 200980144720 A CN200980144720 A CN 200980144720A CN 102210092 A CN102210092 A CN 102210092A
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output
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resistance
alternating current
phase alternating
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CN102210092B (zh
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G.尼科尔西翁斯
H.皮乔纳
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Siemens AG Oesterreich
Siemens AG
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05FSYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/12Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/04Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/02Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/02Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/12Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
    • H01L29/20Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/08Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
    • H02H7/0833Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors for electric motors with control arrangements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/34Snubber circuits
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P1/00Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
    • H02P1/16Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
    • H02P1/26Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual polyphase induction motor
    • H02P1/40Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual polyphase induction motor in either direction of rotation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/02Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using supply voltage with constant frequency and variable amplitude
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03KPULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/16Modifications for eliminating interference voltages or currents

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Conversion In General (AREA)
  • Ac-Ac Conversion (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种三相交流控制器,包括三个分别具有输入端(U1,V1,W1)和输出端(U2,V2,W2)的线股,具有五对(1,2,3,4,5)反并联连接的用于旋转场变换的电子管,其中,第一输入端(U1)通过第一对(1)与第一输出端(U2)连接,第二输入端(V1)通过第二对(2)与第二输出端(V2)以及通过第三对(3)与第三输出端(W2)连接,第三输入端(W1)通过第四对(4)与第二输出端(V2)以及通过第五对(5)与第三输出端(W2)连接。这里,作为缓冲电路,在每个输入端(U1,V1,W1)上以及在每个输出端(U2,V2,W2)上连接有RC半支路;所述RC半支路借助于横向连接(Q)彼此连接。

Description

三相交流控制器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种三相交流控制器,包括三个分别具有输入端和输出端的线股,具有五对反并联连接的用于旋转场变换的电子管(Ventile),其中,第一输入端通过第一对与第一输出端连接,第二输入端通过第二对与第二输出端以及通过第三对与第三输出端连接,第三输入端通过第四对与第二输出端以及通过第五对与第三输出端连接。
背景技术
三相交流控制器属于线路换相变流器。在恒定频率下可变地调节电压。为此目的,在每个线股中设置反并联连接的电子管对,所述电子管尤其是晶闸管。
具有旋转场变换的三相交流控制器通常包括五对反并联连接的电子管,如图1中所示。在此,在一个线股中设置一个对,在其余两个线股中,各输入端分别通过一个对与所述两个其余线股的每个输出端连接。总是激活(angesteuert)一个线股中的第一对,在所述两个其余的线股中根据旋转场的期望旋转方向进行电子管对的激活。或者第二输入端通过第二对连接在第二输出端上以及第三输入端通过第五对连接在第三输出端上,或者第二输入端通过第三对连接在第三输出端上,第三输入端通过第四对连接在第二输出端上。
为了卸载各个线股,根据如图2中所示的现有技术,与每个电子管对并联地设置一个RC支路,该RC支路包括一个电阻和一个串联连接的电容器。在此,总是仅三个支路同时承受负载。由此,对于具有旋转场变换的三相交流控制器的缓冲电路(Snubberbeschaltung)(另一个常用表达是“卸载电路(Entlastungsbeschaltung)”或TSE电路)而言,需要五个电阻和五个电容器,其中,需要负责将在电阻中产生的热量充分排出。这尤其是在功率大于40千瓦的三相交流控制器中导致设备结构内部相应的位置需求。
发明内容
本发明的任务在于,对于开头所述类型的三相交流控制器相对于现有技术给出改进。
根据本发明,该任务通过权利要求1的特征来解决。在此,作为缓冲电路,在每个输入端上以及在每个输出端上连接有RC半支路,所述RC半支路借助于横向连接彼此连接。在这种卸载电路中,全部电阻承受负载,而与哪个电子管对刚好被激活无关。全部电阻的位置需求由此相对于根据现有技术的位置需求降低大约40%。
在本发明的一个有利构型中,线股的两个RC半支路分别由分别与电阻串联的电容器构成。这能够实现具有结构相同的结构元件的简单的对称结构。
但有利的也可以是,线股的两个RC半支路以如下方式构成:即,在各自的输入端和各自的输出端上连接有电容器;在所述电容器之间设置有电阻,所述电阻具有用于接通所述横向连接的中央抽头。这种构型允许进一步节省位置。
有利的尤其是,所述线股被设计用于传导至少100安培的设备电流。这种具有至少40-50千瓦的三相交流控制器相应地需要大的卸载电阻,由此,节省位置意义尤其重大。
附图说明
下面参照附图示例性地对本发明进行描述。附图示意性表示:
图1   带有旋转场变换的三相交流控制器的电子管对的布置,
图2   根据现有技术的缓冲电路,
图3   有利的缓冲电路。
具体实施方式
如图1中所示,三相交流控制器可通过三个输入端U1、V1、W1连接到三相电网的相上。第一输入端U1通过第一对1反并联连接的电子管与三相交流控制器的第一输出端U2连接。不取决于旋转场的期望方向地总是激活该第一对1的电子管。
三相交流控制器的第二输入端V1通过第二对2反并联连接的电子管与第二输出端V2以及通过第三对3反并联连接的电子管与三相交流控制器的第三输出端W2连接。第三输入端W3以相同方式通过另外两对4、5反并联连接的电子管与第二和第三输出端V2、W2连接。这些电子管通常构造成具有相应的相位截止控制的晶闸管。
根据旋转场的期望方向在工作中要么激活第二和第五对2、5的电子管、要么激活第三和第四对3、4的电子管。
图2中示出了根据现有技术的用于图1中所示电子管对1、2、3、4、5的缓冲电路。在此,设置五个分别具有电阻R和相应串联连接的电容器C的RC支路。与每个电子管对1、2、3、4、5并联连接一个RC支路。在工作中,使第一输入端U1与第一输出端U2连接的第一RC支路总是承受负载。根据旋转场的所选择的方向,其余四个RC支路中的仅仅两个与被激发(gezuendeten)的电子管对2、5或3、4并联连接的RC支路承受负载。
在该公知的布置中,每个RC支路必须承受一个线股的全部负载。电阻R应据此来确定参数。在考虑冷却方案的情况下与此相联系的位置需求决定性地一起确定三相交流控制器的大小。
图3中所示的缓冲电路能够实现通过将电阻R1的位置需求降低大约40%来减小三相交流控制器的结构大小。在此,三个RC支路构造成六个RC半支路,这些RC半支路具有横向连接Q。在工作中,这六个半支路中的每一个不取决于旋转场的方向地承受负载。
与图2中所示的标准解决方案相比,以此方式,各个电阻R1的电阻值减半,电容器C1的电容增倍。但由此电容器C1的位置需求不增大,因为电容器结构大小首先与电压负载相关。线股的两个电容器C1的电压负载与图2中的电容器C的电压负荷相比保持不变。线股的两个电容器C1的位置需求由此大致相应于图2中的电容器C的位置需求。因此,电阻值的降低、尤其是电阻R1相对于图2中的电阻R的横截面减小被充分利用。
RC半支路的结构可任意地与设备布局相匹配。或者每个RC半支路构造成电阻R1和电容器C1的串联电路,或者对于每个线股而言仅设置一个电阻,该电阻具有用于接通横向连接Q的中央抽头。不言而喻,也可在RC半支路内部串联连接多个电阻或并联连接多个电容器,以便在工作中承受负载。

Claims (4)

1. 一种三相交流控制器,包括三个分别具有输入端(U1,V1,W1)和输出端(U2,V2,W2)的线股,具有五对(1,2,3,4,5)反并联连接的用于旋转场变换的电子管,其中,第一输入端(U1)通过第一对(1)与第一输出端(U2)连接,第二输入端(V1)通过第二对(2)与第二输出端(V2)以及通过第三对(3)与第三输出端(W2)连接,第三输入端(W1)通过第四对(4)与第二输出端(V2)以及通过第五对(5)与第三输出端(W2)连接,其特征在于:作为缓冲电路,在每个输入端(U1,V1,W1)上以及在每个输出端(U2,V2,W2)上连接有RC半支路;所述RC半支路借助于横向连接(Q)彼此连接。
2. 根据权利要求1的三相交流控制器,其特征在于:线股的两个RC半支路分别由分别与电阻(R1)串联的电容器(C1)构成。
3. 根据权利要求1的三相交流控制器,其特征在于:线股的两个RC半支路以如下方式构成:即,在各自的输入端(U1,V1,W1)和各自的输出端(U2,V2,W2)上连接有电容器(C1);在所述电容器(C1)之间设置有电阻,所述电阻具有用于接通所述横向连接(Q)的中央抽头。
4. 根据权利要求1至3之一的三相交流控制器,其特征在于:所述线股被设计用于传导至少100安培的设备电流。
CN2009801447202A 2008-11-10 2009-09-10 三相交流控制器 Expired - Fee Related CN102210092B (zh)

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EP0488201A1 (en) * 1990-11-28 1992-06-03 Hitachi, Ltd. Large capacity variable speed driving system for AC electric motor
JPH0759255A (ja) * 1993-08-18 1995-03-03 Toshiba Corp 過電圧保護装置及び電力変換装置
DE10003692A1 (de) * 2000-01-28 2001-08-02 Moeller Gmbh Elektrisches Schaltgerät
CN2759052Y (zh) * 2004-11-26 2006-02-15 沈阳新鹏达电气自动化有限公司 交流电机可逆软起动控制装置

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SU1582308A1 (ru) * 1988-08-08 1990-07-30 Куйбышевский политехнический институт им.В.В.Куйбышева Устройство дл пуска и защиты асинхронного электродвигател от аварийных режимов
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RU18027U1 (ru) * 2001-02-14 2001-05-10 Открытое акционерное общество "Борец" Устройство для плавного пуска асинхронного трехфазного электродвигателя с короткозамкнутым ротором
US7309973B2 (en) * 2006-04-24 2007-12-18 Power Conservation Ltd Mitigation of harmonic currents and conservation of power in non-linear load systems
RU2326483C1 (ru) * 2006-12-14 2008-06-10 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие Научно-исследовательский институт электромеханики Регулятор трехфазного напряжения

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0488201A1 (en) * 1990-11-28 1992-06-03 Hitachi, Ltd. Large capacity variable speed driving system for AC electric motor
JPH0759255A (ja) * 1993-08-18 1995-03-03 Toshiba Corp 過電圧保護装置及び電力変換装置
DE10003692A1 (de) * 2000-01-28 2001-08-02 Moeller Gmbh Elektrisches Schaltgerät
CN2759052Y (zh) * 2004-11-26 2006-02-15 沈阳新鹏达电气自动化有限公司 交流电机可逆软起动控制装置

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AT509136A3 (de) 2015-12-15
EP2347501B1 (de) 2013-01-30
WO2010052048A1 (de) 2010-05-14
US8755163B2 (en) 2014-06-17
RU2500063C2 (ru) 2013-11-27
US20110222201A1 (en) 2011-09-15
AT509136A2 (de) 2011-06-15
RU2011118434A (ru) 2012-11-20
BRPI0921352A2 (pt) 2019-09-24
CN102210092B (zh) 2013-11-20

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