CN102202428A - Building energy consumption monitoring analysis system based on wireless sensor technology - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a building energy consumption monitoring analysis system based on a wireless sensor technology. The system comprises a wireless sensor network arranged in a building. The whole wireless sensor network comprises a network node used for acquiring information of energy consumption, temperature or humidity in the building, and a gateway used for transmitting the information acquired by the network node to a server; the network node comprises a sensor used for acquiring the information in the building, a battery used for supplying power to the sensor, a transceiver module used for transmitting the information acquired by the sensor and receiving the information acquired by other sensors, and a processing module used for setting information transmitting-receiving time and determining an information transport destination address; the network node performs self-organized network through a protocol stack so as to realize information transmission. The system has the advantages of acquiring the building energy consumption in real time, improving energy-saving effects, along with low operating cost.

Description

Energy consumption of building monitoring analysis system based on wireless sensor technology

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of energy consumption of building monitoring analysis system based on wireless sensor technology.

Technical background

China's building energy conservation work starting is than later, so our the energy resource consumption waste aspect building is huge.Therefore, the building energy conservation of China has a high potential, if reached the standard of building energy conservation, the energy of saving is very considerable.Current, all pay much attention to building energy conservation both at home and abroad.Although numerous companies has been devoted to the product development of building energy conservation aspect, information management system is not in this respect still caught up with demand at present.Existing software about energy consumption analysis only limits to the simulation and the analysis of building energy consumption, and these softwares are used widely, but these softwares are a simulation softward substantially, does not utilize the modernization means information of carrying out to obtain, and online dynamic analysis.

How adopting effective information gathering means to carry out energy-conservation detection is a focus of studying both at home and abroad at present.Early stage information gathering instrument is some portable information acquisition devices, manually finishes the collection of building energy consumption information.The advantage of these instruments is collections that an instrument just can be finished a plurality of information.But its tangible deficiency is to carry out online detection and diagnosis.The result who detects can not reflect the dynamic characteristic of system sometimes, and only is a kind of dot information of static state.Obviously, this information gathering mode can not provide the building energy consumption statistics and diagnose needed a large amount of multidate information.

Along with development of internet technology, become a kind of new information gathering mode based on the distributed information collection of internet.But this wired form is brought the puzzlement of comprehensive wiring, especially is subjected to destroying the restriction of existed building state.Therefore, utilize wireless mode to come the thought of Information Monitoring more and more to be subjected to people's attention.External most employing is networks such as WLAN, CDMA/GSM at present, but its networking is restricted, operating cost is quite high.Along with the development of wireless sensing network technology, use that this technology is carried out the building energy consumption information gathering and analysis becomes new problem.

Summary of the invention

For overcoming the above-mentioned shortcoming of prior art, the invention provides and can gather building energy consumption in real time, operating cost is low, improves the energy consumption of building monitoring analysis system based on wireless sensor technology of energy-saving effect.

Energy consumption of building monitoring analysis system based on wireless sensor technology, comprise the wireless sensor network that is installed in the building, all wireless sensor networks comprise the network node of gathering energy consumption, temperature or humidity information in the building and with the message transmission of the network node collection gateway to server; Described network node comprises the transducer of gathering the building internal information, battery for the transducer power supply, the information of sensor acquisition outwards sent or receive transceiver module and configuration information transmitting-receiving time, determine the processing module of the destination address that information sends from the information of other transducers; Described network node carries out MANET to realize message transmission by protocol stack;

Described protocol stack transmission may further comprise the steps:

1), under the initial condition, select a plurality of network nodes as leader cluster node at random, the network node beyond the leader cluster node is an ordinary node;

2), will form a bunch of web area less than the ordinary node of presetting radius and this leader cluster node with the communication radius of leader cluster node; In bunch web area, the information of ordinary node collection all transfers to leader cluster node, and leader cluster node is sent to another leader cluster node or gateway with information;

3), through after the preset interval time, obtain the battery remaining power of all nodes, calculate to obtain the average residual energy of all nodes, the node that battery remaining power is higher than the average residual energy is as candidate's bunch head;

4), k both candidate nodes v of definition _kTo i bunch web area S that has produced _iPlan material resources function be:

$f_{\mathrm{ik}}=\left\{\begin{array}{c}\frac{R^2}{d_{\mathrm{ik}}^2},v_k\∉\underset{n=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{S}_n,d_{\mathrm{ik}}>R\\ \begin{array}{cc}0,& \mathrm{else}\end{array}\end{array}\right.$

D wherein _IkDistance between the leader cluster node of expression both candidate nodes and bunch web area, R ²The quality of serving as bunch web area, N is for electing a bunch number, Expression does not have only could be produced gravitation to bunch web area by the both candidate nodes that covers when the prevariety web area;

Selecting threshold value T (n) to introduce the plan material resources to bunch head retrains:

$T^{\′\′}\left(n\right)=\frac{p}{1-p\·\left[r\mathrm{mod}(1/p)\right]}\·\exp (-R^2/{\mathrm{dik}}^2)$

Leader cluster node from epicycle bunch web area is far away more, and the plan material resources of both candidate nodes are more little and threshold value is big more, and the possibility of leader cluster node that this both candidate nodes becomes a new round is high more;

5), repeated execution of steps 2)-4).

Technical conceive of the present invention is: the present invention is according to the characteristics of application such as building energy consumption detection, and research and development have the wireless sense network transmission means of independent intellectual property right.Short-distance wireless MANET technology and contemporary ripe GPRS/CDMA mobile communication technology, the network communications technology based on superior performance, make full use of the advanced electronic tag and the passive techniques of recognition technology, sensor technology and pressure-sensitive power taking thereof etc., company has taken up to research and develop and has been used for automated management system railway interests, that have functions such as license number identification automatically, automatic data collection, running state real-time monitoring, give full play to the transport capacity of railway, guarantee the safe operation of railway, promote the automatic management level of railway interests.

Data in the intelligent building that collects in real time by wireless senser, the wireless senser transmission network that all wireless sensers are formed just can be grasped the ruuning situation of all devices in the whole building in Control Room.Shortcomings such as wiring cost height, the networking that can overcome traditional wired energy consumption of building monitoring system effectively is dumb, the aging data transmission credibility that causes of cable is poor, the building environment is damaged, requirements such as satisfying the network type of large scale network, low-power consumption, low cost, short distance, multi-hop route, low network operation expense, low rate, non real-time and asynchronously communicate by letter, low mobility, special fail safe, network size can be expanded.

The wireless sense network gateway in order to the detection node plurality of communication schemes configuration mechanism towards the The field demand, is realized the fusion of sensing net and multiple communication backbone network.

Gateway mainly is made up of wireless sense network host node (all hardware and the software configuration that comprise a wireless sensing net node), microcontroller, various backbone network access module.Gateway is an embedded device that works alone, and has the wireless sense network configuration relevant with backbone network function is set.Can realize easily that a wireless sense network system is linked into backbone network.The data of wireless sense network are transferred to the daemon software system by network as transparent processing.

Wireless sense network building energy consumption check and analysis system based on Web GIS computation schema is used for the integrated management of implementation space information and attribute information.

Project team adopts database, application server (ArcIMS and WebServer) and three layers of Web GIS of client computation schema.According to characteristics and the network conditions that Web uses, adopt mixed mode to realize of the spatial manipulation function distribution of GIS function at the client and server end; Realize technical elements in client, adopt the Web GIS client based on Object Web standard to realize technology, the bottleneck that can effectively avoid CGI to form allows the method on the direct invoking server of client computer, thus load that can the dynamic equilibrium client-requested; Web GIS distribution scheme aspect adopts the map published method based on XML vector graphics file SVG, utilizes the display mode of text instruction's definition figure, and the size of image is only relevant with the figure complexity, and irrelevant with the concrete size of figure.Obtain in the graphic result request the client, server is sent to client with the original vector figure data of describing with text formatting, generates vector graphics by the client interpretive program, thereby can significantly reduce the data volume of Network Transmission when supporting stepless zooming.

Based on the building energy consumption analytical model of a large amount of sensing datas,, support the energy source optimization configuration of building in order to realize the 3 D stereo rendering method.

Because other need the position of Information Monitoring to adopt the wireless sense network terminal to be distributed in each room and building, therefore can be in real time and the real time datas such as temperature, humidity, electric weight in each room of collection comprehensively, utilize these information, whether the end that daemon software can statistics and analysis goes out to build the building is with can reasonable, and the mode of software analysis is the complete autonomous innovation of needs that we use according to reality.The sensing data of a large amount of contacts is accurately diagnosed by building building energy consumption and real-time analysis becomes possibility, the 3 D stereo presentation mode, the characteristics that change of Dynamic Display building energy consumption comprehensively, background computer can be developed the energy consumption mutation analysis function at each side, building and each flooring, makes building energy consumption diagnosis and analyzes very convenient and directly perceived.

Obtain the consumption information of each time period in the building by transducer, can draw out the energy consumption figure in building, help analyzing the building in different time sections or Various Seasonal or in the energy consumption difference of different floors, can in time find the improper energy consumption in building and make adjustment, help proposing the reducing energy consumption prioritization scheme in building.

The present invention has and can gather building energy consumption in real time, and operating cost is low, improves the advantage of energy-saving effect.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a protocol stack framework schematic diagram.

Fig. 2 is the system configuration schematic diagram.

Fig. 3 is the architectural framework figure that wireless sense network and communication backbone network merge.

Fig. 4 is the gateway architecture schematic diagram.

Fig. 5 is based on the wireless sense network building energy consumption check and analysis system principle of Web GIS computation schema.

Fig. 6 is a building integral operation energy consumption analytical model.

Fig. 7 is a flow chart of selecting leader cluster node.

Embodiment

With reference to accompanying drawing, further specify the present invention:

Energy consumption of building monitoring analysis system based on wireless sensor technology, comprise the wireless sensor network that is installed in the building, all wireless sensor networks comprise the network node of gathering energy consumption, temperature or humidity information in the building and with the message transmission of the network node collection gateway to server; Described network node comprises the transducer of gathering the building internal information, battery for the transducer power supply, the information of sensor acquisition outwards sent or receive transceiver module and configuration information transmitting-receiving time, determine the processing module of the destination address that information sends from the information of other transducers; Described network node carries out MANET to realize message transmission by protocol stack;

Described protocol stack transmission may further comprise the steps:

1), under the initial condition, select a plurality of network nodes as leader cluster node at random, the network node beyond the leader cluster node is an ordinary node;

2), will form a bunch of web area less than the ordinary node of presetting radius and this leader cluster node with the communication radius of leader cluster node; In bunch web area, the information of ordinary node collection all transfers to leader cluster node, and leader cluster node is sent to another leader cluster node or gateway with information;

3), through after the preset interval time, obtain the battery remaining power of all nodes, calculate to obtain the average residual energy of all nodes, the node that battery remaining power is higher than the average residual energy is as candidate's bunch head;

4), k both candidate nodes v of definition _kTo i bunch web area S that has produced _iPlan material resources function be:

$f_{\mathrm{ik}}=\left\{\begin{array}{c}\frac{R^2}{d_{\mathrm{ik}}^2},v_k\∉\underset{n=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{S}_n,d_{\mathrm{ik}}>R\\ \begin{array}{cc}0,& \mathrm{else}\end{array}\end{array}\right.$

D wherein _IkDistance between the leader cluster node of expression both candidate nodes and bunch web area, R ²The quality of serving as bunch web area, N is for electing a bunch number,

Expression does not have only could be produced gravitation to bunch web area by the both candidate nodes that covers when the prevariety web area;

Selecting threshold value T (n) to introduce the plan material resources to bunch head retrains:

$T^{\′\′}\left(n\right)=\frac{p}{1-p\·\left[r\mathrm{mod}(1/p)\right]}\·\exp (-R^2/{\mathrm{dik}}^2)$

Leader cluster node from epicycle bunch web area is far away more, and the plan material resources of both candidate nodes are more little and threshold value is big more, and the possibility of leader cluster node that this both candidate nodes becomes a new round is high more;

5), repeated execution of steps 2)-4).

Technical conceive of the present invention is: the present invention is according to the characteristics of application such as building energy consumption detection, and research and development have the wireless sense network transmission means of independent intellectual property right.Short-distance wireless MANET technology and contemporary ripe GPRS/CDMA mobile communication technology, the network communications technology based on superior performance, make full use of the advanced electronic tag and the passive techniques of recognition technology, sensor technology and pressure-sensitive power taking thereof etc., company has taken up to research and develop and has been used for automated management system railway interests, that have functions such as license number identification automatically, automatic data collection, running state real-time monitoring, give full play to the transport capacity of railway, guarantee the safe operation of railway, promote the automatic management level of railway interests.

Data in the intelligent building that collects in real time by wireless senser, the wireless senser transmission network that all wireless sensers are formed just can be grasped the ruuning situation of all devices in the whole building in Control Room.Shortcomings such as wiring cost height, the networking that can overcome traditional wired energy consumption of building monitoring system effectively is dumb, the aging data transmission credibility that causes of cable is poor, the building environment is damaged, requirements such as satisfying the network type of large scale network, low-power consumption, low cost, short distance, multi-hop route, low network operation expense, low rate, non real-time and asynchronously communicate by letter, low mobility, special fail safe, network size can be expanded.

The wireless sense network gateway in order to the detection node plurality of communication schemes configuration mechanism towards the The field demand, is realized the fusion of sensing net and multiple communication backbone network.

Gateway mainly is made up of wireless sense network host node (all hardware and the software configuration that comprise a wireless sensing net node), microcontroller, various backbone network access module.Gateway is an embedded device that works alone, and has the wireless sense network configuration relevant with backbone network function is set.Can realize easily that a wireless sense network system is linked into backbone network.The data of wireless sense network are transferred to the daemon software system by network as transparent processing.

Wireless sense network building energy consumption check and analysis system based on Web GIS computation schema is used for the integrated management of implementation space information and attribute information.

Project team adopts database, application server (ArcIMS and WebServer) and three layers of Web GIS of client computation schema.According to characteristics and the network conditions that Web uses, adopt mixed mode to realize of the spatial manipulation function distribution of GIS function at the client and server end; Realize technical elements in client, adopt the Web GIS client based on Object Web standard to realize technology, the bottleneck that can effectively avoid CGI to form allows the method on the direct invoking server of client computer, thus load that can the dynamic equilibrium client-requested; Web GIS distribution scheme aspect adopts the map published method based on XML vector graphics file SVG, utilizes the display mode of text instruction's definition figure, and the size of image is only relevant with the figure complexity, and irrelevant with the concrete size of figure.Obtain in the graphic result request the client, server is sent to client with the original vector figure data of describing with text formatting, generates vector graphics by the client interpretive program, thereby can significantly reduce the data volume of Network Transmission when supporting stepless zooming.

Based on the building energy consumption analytical model of a large amount of sensing datas,, support the energy source optimization configuration of building in order to realize the 3 D stereo rendering method.

Because other need the position of Information Monitoring to adopt the wireless sense network terminal to be distributed in each room and building, therefore can be in real time and the real time datas such as temperature, humidity, electric weight in each room of collection comprehensively, utilize these information, whether the end that daemon software can statistics and analysis goes out to build the building is with can reasonable, and the mode of software analysis is the complete autonomous innovation of needs that we use according to reality.The sensing data of a large amount of contacts is accurately diagnosed by building building energy consumption and real-time analysis becomes possibility, the 3 D stereo presentation mode, the characteristics that change of Dynamic Display building energy consumption comprehensively, background computer can be developed the energy consumption mutation analysis function at each side, building and each flooring, makes building energy consumption diagnosis and analyzes very convenient and directly perceived.

Obtain the consumption information of each time period in the building by transducer, can draw out the energy consumption figure in building, help analyzing the building in different time sections or Various Seasonal or in the energy consumption difference of different floors, can in time find the improper energy consumption in building and make adjustment, help proposing the reducing energy consumption prioritization scheme in building.

With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, based on the energy consumption of building monitoring analysis system of wireless sensor technology, the protocol stack framework comprises application layer, network layer, MAC layer and compatible multiple communication mechanism physical layer composition.Building energy consumption analytical system based on a large amount of sensing datas comprises wireless sensing terminal (handset) in the room, wireless sensing terminal (main frame), GPS, Internet, 485 communication interfaces.

The present invention is according to the characteristics of application such as building energy consumption detection, adopt the wireless self-networking technology, lack extensibility by the agreement self of improving Zigbee, can't satisfy the application requirements of extensive sensing node, the wireless sense network host-host protocol that research and development have independent intellectual property right, as shown in Figure 1.

Described protocol stack design has mainly comprised the physical layer of application layer, network layer, MAC layer and compatible multiple communication mechanism.

1) application layer: comprise the sensor interface administration module, use configuration module, application support sublayer.

Sensing interface management module is undertaken mainly carrying out operations such as sensor states, parameter control, the sensing data of the main receiving sensor equipment of sensing data interface alternately by transducer service interface and sensor device.

Use configuration module according to network application type and characteristic, whether dispose the dynamic load application support sublayer and the functional parameter of configuration sublayer.

Application support sublayer mainly comprises modules such as information database, time synchronized module, security strategy, mainly carries out alternately with the sensor interface administration module.The sensing data that transducer is come adds the application layer protocol frame head, is sent to the network layer data service entities.

2) network layer: mainly form by IP Security management, routing management, Topology Management, information bank.

The Topology Management module receives the netinit order as leading functional module by network layer management entity interface, begins to drive from organizing the sub-clustering network topology to form, and in the network survivability process, maintaining network topology, node mobility management etc.The network attribute of the main management node in network layer information storehouse is as the sign of node, bunch sign, neighbor node etc.Routing management module mainly is responsible for setting up and the route of maintenance from this node to Centroid, and when having data to produce or transmitting other node datas, according to routing table information, correctly is sent to next-hop node.

Network layer links to each other with application support sublayer by the network layer data interface, links to each other with the MAC layer by MAC layer data interface.If the data of being uploaded by MAC layer data interface are this node, then be uploaded to application support sublayer, if this node is the middle routing node of route data,, select optimal path then according to routing table, reset routing frame, be issued to the MAC layer.

The design of network layer comprises network configuration and route two aspects.Though wireless sense network is the no central site network of a self-organizing,, still need design an appropriate network architecture on low duty ratio medium Access Layer basis in order to solve the problem of extensibility.The requirement decision wireless sense network of low communication duty ratio, the self-organizing of no center need design special routing algorithm and model.

3) medium Access Layer (MAC layer): form by the safety management of MAC layer, medium access control module, dormancy administration module, information bank.

The main management node of MAC layer information bank is used for parameters such as node power rank parameter, frame parameter, dormancy engineer's scale, communication time slot length, can be by the user according to the unified configuration of application demand before network is laid.

The MAC layer links to each other with network layer entities by MAC layer data interface, links to each other with physical layer by the physical layer data interface.When the MAC layer receives the frame of sending out on the physical layer, after frame type is differentiated, determine to be uploaded to network layer, or abandon this frame or reply this frame.When the MAC layer receives the frame that network layer issues, according to the strategy of present channel status and medium access control module, whether decision is sent to physical layer.

According to the designing requirement of wireless sense network, the design of medium Access Layer has two difficult points.One is to want contradiction of balance.In order to reduce equipment power dissipation, the power consumption of operating state and holding state all must minimize, simultaneously, because the power consumption of operating state is much larger than the power consumption of holding state, must reduce communication duty cycle to greatest extent, for the network of an asynchronous multi-hop, low excessively duty ratio can make the mutual discovery between the wireless device and the very difficulty that becomes synchronously, and the contradiction between these two need be traded off; Another difficult point is that there is the problem of time base stability difference in hardware cheaply, and traditional time division mechanism is not particularly suitable for wireless sensor network.

4) physical layer: the design of physical layer can select to adopt suitable scheme according to the requirement of different demands to the wireless sense network wireless channel.Want to provide function and interface standard by the definition of MAC layer.As adopt the words (DSSS) of direct sequence spread spectrum scheme, after then receiving the frame that issues from the MAC layer by the physical layer data interface, carry out chnnel coding, add frame head, spread spectrum, modulation, power control, be sent to wireless channel through radio-frequency antenna then, wherein the spread spectrum code word comes from MAC layer information bank.After physical layer receives the signal that is higher than receive threshold through radio-frequency antenna, carry out demodulation, and carry out synchronization acquistion and tracking according to the spread spectrum code word that this period MAC layer uses, be higher than the setting threshold value as relevant peaks, then expression receives the frame of this code word channel, go the operation of frame head, channel-decoding then successively, then with data by sending to the MAC layer on the physical layer data interface.

Described wireless sense network and multiple communication network are realized the gateway that merges, and the architectural framework of the wireless sense network that merges with backbone network as shown in Figure 3.Gateway can realize that first backbone network inserts or the access way of configurable needs as required.The main type of gateway has: Ethernet, WLAN, Internet, GSM, GPRS, CDMA1X, EDGE, RS485, CAN gateway etc.The framework of gateway as shown in Figure 4.

The design of the power supply of gateway adopts active electricity to get final product, and there is no need to use powered battery, because the power consumption height of the relative wireless sensing net node of power consumption of gateway, must be operated in the place of active electricity.The quantity of gateway seldom, a wireless sense network system only is equipped with a gateway generally speaking and gets final product.

The design of gateway software is the important design content of another one.Because the function complexity of gateway needs the support of a good real time operating system such as flush type LINUX.The form of software can be the independent user interface program of installing of on operation and the computer, also can be the form that is embedded into the flush type WEB server software in the gateway device.As long as the user connects network and computer, login the various configuration features that gateway just can be finished in a network address.

Described wireless sense network building energy consumption check and analysis system based on Web GIS computation schema, the system configuration principle as shown in Figure 5.Project is a core with wireless sense network (WSN) platform of independent research, by the information such as temperature, humidity, area, power consumption situation in all rooms in the building are gathered and are handled, and carry out energy consumption and detect diagnosis, propose building energy-saving renovation scheme efficiently, realize building energy consumption check and analysis system.And employing presents based on Web GIS implementation space information, attribute information integrated management and 3 D stereo, and change according to the energy consumption of each side of building, each flooring, by three-dimensionally shaped, diagnosis and analyze each zone of building with can whether rationally, equipment performance, operational efficiency and improved plan.

Project adopts database, application server (Arc IMS and Web Server) and three layers of Web GIS of client computation schema, and has designed the energy consumption analysis model, as described in Figure 6.The project utilization in real time and real time datas such as the temperature in each room that comprehensively collects, humidity, electric weight, the end that daemon software can statistics and analysis goes out to build the building improves energy-saving benefit with can whether reasonable.

Intending the thing algorithm is a high efficiency approach that solves some np problem, and it is proposed by Huang Wenqi the earliest and is applied, and is a kind of heuristic optimized Algorithm of seeking intelligence from the Nature and human society experience.The so-called thing of intending promptly is the physical world that finds with original mathematical problem equivalence, observes the vivid of the motion of matter in this world, therefrom is subjected to then inspiring and inscribes in the hope of skill knowledge.At the characteristics of wireless sensor network sub-clustering routing optimality model, on the basis of intending the thing algorithm, drawn plan material resources model.

In intending the material resources model, suppose to take turns and bunch set up in the process at each, the leader cluster node that has produced is regarded as " bunch disk " that communication radius is R.If it is not attractive to its contiguous " bunch disk " by the both candidate nodes that " a bunch disk " covers to participate in bunch head selection, and the both candidate nodes that has been covered by " a bunch disk " is subjected to the influence of " screen effect " not attractive to " a bunch disk ".Copy gravitational form to introduce " screen effect " simultaneously.Definition participates in k the both candidate nodes v that bunch head is selected _kTo i " a bunch disk " S that has produced _iPlan material resources function as follows:

$f_{\mathrm{ik}}=\left\{\begin{array}{c}\frac{R^2}{d_{\mathrm{ik}}^2},v_k\∉\underset{n=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{S}_n,d_{\mathrm{ik}}>R\\ \begin{array}{cc}0,& \mathrm{else}\end{array}\end{array}\right.---(3-6)$

D wherein _IkDistance between expression both candidate nodes and " a bunch disk " center of circle, R ²The quality of serving as " a bunch disk ", N is for electing a bunch number,

Expression has only the both candidate nodes that is not capped to produce gravitation to " a bunch disk ".In order to solve a bunch number instability problem,, select threshold value T (n) to introduce the plan material resources to bunch head and retrain with reference to intending under the material resources model.Threshold calculations formula after the improvement is:

$T^{\′\′}\left(n\right)=\frac{p}{1-p\·\left[r\mathrm{mod}(1/p)\right]}\·\exp (-R^2/{\mathrm{dik}}^2)---(3-7)$

By formula (3-7) as can be known, exp (R ²/ dik ²) permanent in 1, thereby guaranteed threshold value T " validity (n).And threshold value T " (n) is d _IkIncreasing function.It is more little to intend material resources from adjacent clusters head candidate's bunch head far away more, and threshold value is big more, and the possibility that becomes bunch head is also just high more, thereby guarantees the even distribution of a bunch number.

Merely can not guarantee that as a bunch race condition bunch algorithm can both prolong network life in all cases effectively with residue energy of node.This paper passes through candidate's bunch competition mechanism, has produced a certain proportion of candidate bunch head, and while these candidates bunch head is intending producing formal bunch of head of epicycle by competition under the material resources effect, and other nodes are in resting state until epicycle bunch head selection end.Fig. 7 is for selecting the flow chart of leader cluster node.

The described content of this specification embodiment only is enumerating the way of realization of inventive concept; protection scope of the present invention should not be regarded as only limiting to the concrete form that embodiment states, protection scope of the present invention also reach in those skilled in the art conceive according to the present invention the equivalent technologies means that can expect.

Claims (1)

1. based on the energy consumption of building monitoring analysis system of wireless sensor technology, comprise the wireless sensor network that is installed in the building, all wireless sensor networks comprise the network node of gathering energy consumption, temperature or humidity information in the building and with the message transmission of the network node collection gateway to server; Described network node comprises the transducer of gathering the building internal information, battery for the transducer power supply, the information of sensor acquisition outwards sent or receive transceiver module and configuration information transmitting-receiving time, determine the processing module of the destination address that information sends from the information of other transducers; Described network node carries out MANET to realize message transmission by protocol stack;

Described protocol stack transmission may further comprise the steps:

1), under the initial condition, select a plurality of network nodes as leader cluster node at random, the network node beyond the leader cluster node is an ordinary node;

2), will form a bunch of web area less than the ordinary node of presetting radius and this leader cluster node with the communication radius of leader cluster node; In bunch web area, the information of ordinary node collection all transfers to leader cluster node, and leader cluster node is sent to another leader cluster node or gateway with information;

3), through after the preset interval time, obtain the battery remaining power of all nodes, calculate to obtain the average residual energy of all nodes, the node that battery remaining power is higher than the average residual energy is as candidate's bunch head;

4), k both candidate nodes v of definition _kTo i bunch web area S that has produced _iPlan material resources function be:

$f_{\mathrm{ik}}=\left\{\begin{array}{c}\frac{R^2}{d_{\mathrm{ik}}^2},v_k\∉\underset{n=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{S}_n,d_{\mathrm{ik}}>R\\ \begin{array}{cc}0,& \mathrm{else}\end{array}\end{array}\right.$

D wherein _IkDistance between the leader cluster node of expression both candidate nodes and bunch web area, R ²The quality of serving as bunch web area, N is for electing a bunch number,

Expression does not have only could be produced gravitation to bunch web area by the both candidate nodes that covers when the prevariety web area;

Selecting threshold value T (n) to introduce the plan material resources to bunch head retrains:

$T^{\′\′}\left(n\right)=\frac{p}{1-p\·\left[r\mathrm{mod}(1/p)\right]}\·\exp (-R^2/{\mathrm{dik}}^2)$

Leader cluster node from epicycle bunch web area is far away more, and the plan material resources of both candidate nodes are more little and threshold value is big more, and the possibility of leader cluster node that this both candidate nodes becomes a new round is high more;

5), repeated execution of steps 2)-4).

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