CN102201476B - Solar energy cell - Google Patents
Solar energy cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN102201476B CN102201476B CN2011101245163A CN201110124516A CN102201476B CN 102201476 B CN102201476 B CN 102201476B CN 2011101245163 A CN2011101245163 A CN 2011101245163A CN 201110124516 A CN201110124516 A CN 201110124516A CN 102201476 B CN102201476 B CN 102201476B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
The invention discloses a solar energy cell which comprises a light converging assembly, a light spot conversion assembly and a photoelectric conversion chip, wherein the light converging assembly is used for collecting sunlight and converging the collected sunlight to form convergent light; the light spot conversion assembly comprises a top surface, a bottom surface and a peripheral surface, the top surface is made of a transparent material to form a light entrance, the bottom surface is made of the transparent material to form a light exit, the peripheral surface is made of a nontransparent material, a reflecting layer is coated on an inner wall of the peripheral surface, the light entrance is connected with the light converging assembly, so that the convergent light enters a light spot converter through the light entrance, and the convergent light formed by the light converging assembly is homogenized and reshaped through reflection in the light spot conversion assembly, so that processed light beams are uniformly transmitted according to the shape of the light exit; the photoelectric conversion chip is located below the light exit of the light spot conversion assembly, and the shape and size of the photoelectric conversion chip are matched with that of the light exit. The solar energy cell can be used for obviously improving the distribution of light radiation on the photoelectric conversion chip and increasing the utilization rate and reliability of the photoelectric conversion chip.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of photoelectric technology, particularly a kind of solar cell.
Background technology
Concentrating solar (Concentrator Photovoltaic, CPV) refers to and the sunlight after converging directly is converted to the technology of electric energy by the solar cell of high transformation efficiency.CPV adopts the III-V compounds of group battery of many knots, has the advantages such as wide spectral absorption, high conversion efficiency.And the required cell area of CPV is little, adopts relatively inexpensive light collecting device to substitute expensive semi-conducting material, can effectively reduce costs, reduce energy consumption during in generating in large-scale application.As from the foregoing, CPV has the solar power generation mode that develops into large-scale Power Support potentiality most.
But traditional CPV adopts Fresnel Lenses and parabolic reflector to carry out optically focused, and bulky, preponderance, increased the requirement to tracing system, and cost is higher.In order addressing the above problem, the concentrating solar technology to be improved and developed light-conducting type Photospot solar technology.The difference of this light-conducting type Photospot solar and traditional collector lens maximum is: sunlight is to converge in eyeglass inside, therefore battery chip can be directly and eyeglass be bonded together, thereby simplied system structure greatly, the cost of whole system also will decline to a great extent thereupon.In addition, when converging visible ray, can stop converging of infrared radiation, battery chip even can be worked without being equipped with Active Cooling System.
Patent documentation 1 (application number is US20100705415, and the applying date is on February 12nd, 2010) discloses a kind of solar energy system.In patent documentation 1, the light-conducting type concentrating solar battery of record only has an incident portion and light guide, the circle that the hot spot of output is a Gaussian Profile.The circular light spot of Gaussian Profile will cause following problem:
(1) usually to cut into the length of side be 3~10 millimeters square to battery chip, and not mating of circular light spot and square chip will make chip charge carrier skewness, form hot spot effect, cause chip to damage;
(2) circular light spot can not cover the Zone Full of square chip, causes the waste of expensive chip;
(3) zone that circular light spot can not cover on chip will have high resistance area, thereby hinder the electric current that chip generates, outwards export, and cause current delivery efficiency low, and then reduce chip performance.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is intended at least solve one of above-mentioned technological deficiency, proposes especially the high and simple solar cell of manufacturing process of a kind of optical energy transmission efficiency.
For this reason, embodiments of the invention provide a kind of solar cell, comprising: light converges assembly, and described light converges assembly sunlight is gathered, and the sunlight of described collection is converged to form and converge light; The hot spot transition components, described hot spot transition components comprises: end face, described end face is that transparent material is to form light entrance; Bottom surface, described bottom surface is that transparent material is to form light exit; And the side face between described end face and described bottom surface, the material of described side face is non-transparent material, and the inwall of described side face is coated with reflector; Wherein, described light entrance converges with described light that assembly is connected so that the described light that converges enters described spot size converter by described light entrance, and the light that converges that by reflection, described light is converged to assembly forms within described hot spot transition components carries out homogenizing and shaping so that the light after processing is launched equably according to the shape of described light exit; The opto-electronic conversion chip, described opto-electronic conversion chip is positioned under the light exit of described hot spot transition components, and the shape and size of the shape of described opto-electronic conversion chip and size and described light-emitting window are mated mutually.
Solar cell according to the embodiment of the present invention, to converge light by the hot spot transition components and carry out Multi reflection to incide equably on the opto-electronic conversion chip, thereby can eliminate spottiness, improve significantly the distribution of opto-electronic conversion chip glazing irradiation, improve utilance and the reliability of opto-electronic conversion chip.And the manufacturing process of the solar cell that the embodiment of the present invention provides is simple, manufacturing cost is low.
In one embodiment of the invention, described light converges assembly and comprises: substrate; Be formed on the light incident portion on described substrate, the sunlight that described smooth incident portion will vertically be injected is to the center refraction of described substrate; With the light guide be formed within described substrate, described light guide is the core reflection to described substrate by the light of described smooth incident portion refraction, and wherein, the light entrance of described hot spot transition components is arranged on the core of described substrate.
In one embodiment of the invention, it is integrally formed that described light converges light guide and the described hot spot transition components of assembly.
In one embodiment of the invention, described light converges the light guide of assembly and the material of described hot spot transition components is acrylic or optical glass.
In one embodiment of the invention, bonding by optical cement between described opto-electronic conversion chip and described hot spot transition components, and the refractive index of described optical cement is mated with the refractive index to described opto-electronic conversion chip and described hot spot transition components between the refractive index of the refractive index of described opto-electronic conversion chip and described hot spot transition components.
In one embodiment of the invention, described hot spot transition components is cylindricality.
In one embodiment of the invention, the bottom surface of described hot spot transition components is greater than the end face of described hot spot transition components.
Thus, less the concentrated of light that be conducive to of the light inlet of end face, and the light-emitting window of bottom surface also can meet greatly the shape and size of light-emitting window and shape and size and the mutual coupling of opto-electronic conversion chip, thereby is conducive to the light after the reflection of hot spot transition components is incided on the opto-electronic conversion chip equably.
In one embodiment of the invention, the centre of the bottom surface of described hot spot transition components has the light that concaveconvex structure injects with the central area to described hot spot transition components and carries out scattering.
For example, because the central area of hot spot transition components concentrates the intensity of the light (light of vertical incidence) of injecting higher, by concaveconvex structure, to the central area of hot spot transition components, concentrate the light of injecting to carry out scattering, the damage of the light that can avoid central area to concentrate injecting to the opto-electronic conversion chip, and be conducive to improve the uniformity of the light irradiation profile of opto-electronic conversion chip.
In one embodiment of the invention, the center of described light guide is coated with reflector by described, to converge the light entrance that light is injected into described hot spot transition components.
Thus, the both sides, center of light guide converges light and all can be injected into by the reflector of center the light entrance of hot spot transition components.
The aspect that the present invention is additional and advantage part in the following description provide, and part will become obviously from the following description, or recognize by practice of the present invention.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Above-mentioned and/or the additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will become from the following description of the accompanying drawings of embodiments and obviously and easily understand, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the cutaway view according to the solar cell of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the broken section enlarged drawing according to the core of the solar cell of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional schematic top plan view according to the solar cell of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the three-dimensional elevational schematic view according to the solar cell of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the propagation schematic diagram of light in solar cell; With
The diverse location place light energy that Fig. 6 is the hot spot transition components is the effect schematic diagram respectively.
Embodiment
Below describe embodiments of the invention in detail, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or similar label means same or similar element or the element with identical or similar functions from start to finish.Be exemplary below by the embodiment be described with reference to the drawings, only for explaining the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Disclosing hereinafter provides many different embodiment or example to be used for realizing different structure of the present invention.Of the present invention open in order to simplify, hereinafter parts and the setting of specific examples are described.Certainly, they are only example, and purpose does not lie in restriction the present invention.In addition, the present invention can be in different examples repeat reference numerals and/or letter.This repetition is in order to simplify and purpose clearly, itself do not indicate the relation between discussed various embodiment and/or setting.In addition, the various specific technique the invention provides and the example of material, but those of ordinary skills can recognize the property of can be applicable to of other techniques and/or the use of other materials.In addition, First Characteristic described below Second Characteristic it " on " structure can comprise that the first and second Characteristics creations are for the direct embodiment of contact, also can comprise the embodiment of other Characteristics creation between the first and second features, such the first and second features may not be direct contacts.
Below with reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, the solar cell 1000 that the embodiment of the present invention provides is described.Wherein, can be applied to concentrating solar (Concentrator Photovoltaic, CPV) technology according to the solar cell 1000 of the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, comprise that according to the solar cell 1000 of the embodiment of the present invention light converges assembly 100, hot spot transition components 200 and opto-electronic conversion chip 300.Wherein, described light converges assembly 100, hot spot transition components 200 and opto-electronic conversion chip 300 and from top to bottom sets gradually, and hot spot transition components 200 is positioned at the center that light converges assembly 100 belows.
Light converges assembly 100 and gathers sunlights, and the sunlight collected is converged to form and converge light.Particularly, light converge assembly 100 comprise substrate 110, be positioned at the light incident portion 120 on basic 110 and be positioned at basic 110 can only light guide 130.Light incident portion 120 will vertically be injected into the center position refraction of the sunlight on solar cell 1000 surfaces to substrate 110, and light further incides the light guide 130 in substrate 110.Light guide 130 is utilized reflection of light, and the light by 120 refractions of light incident portion that the diverse location place is received is to the core reflection of substrate 110.The structure that light converges assembly 100 specifically can refer to Patent Document the description in 1 (application number is US20100705415, and the applying date is on February 12nd, 2010).But converging assembly, the light in embodiments of the present invention that needs explanation also can adopt other known or structures that in the future develop at present, as long as can realize the effect that light converges.
In one embodiment of the invention, the center of light guide 130 (being the top of spot size converter 200) is inside (below in Fig. 2) crooked curved surface.Surface-coated in the center of described light guide 130 has reflector 131, thereby will converge light, concentrates and reflexes in hot spot transition components 200.Described reflector 131 can be metallic reflective coating or the dielectric reflection film be made into by techniques such as evaporation, sputters.
In an example of the present invention, reflector 131 can be realized by metallic reflective coating on the plated surface of the center in described light guide 130.
Certainly for the light incoming position difference one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that as requested, reflector 131 can stick on the position of any needs.
The next light that converges of light guide 130 reflections that 200 collections of hot spot transition components are converged assembly 1000 by light carries out Multi reflection to realize the evenly rear and shaping to the distribution of light irradiation.As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, hot spot transition components 200 comprises end face, bottom surface and side face 210, and wherein side face 210 is between end face and bottom surface.
In one embodiment of the invention, the material of end face and bottom surface is transparent material, thereby can form light entrance at end face, forms light exit in bottom surface.The material of side face 210 is non-transparent material and is coated with reflector at the inwall of side face 210.For example, be coated with metallic reflective coating in the inside of side face 210.
The light entrance of hot spot transition components 200 is arranged on the core of substrate 110, and light entrance converges assembly with light and is connected.Thus, the light that converges reflected by light guide 130 enters spot size converter 200 by light entrance, and the distribution of converging light now is irregular.Described distribution is irregular converges light and enters into after spot size converter 200 Multi reflection of the side face by being coated with reflector to realize homogenizing and shaping.Light after homogenizing and shaping is launched equably according to the shape of the light-emitting window of bottom surface, further incides on the surface of the opto-electronic conversion chip 300 be positioned under light-emitting window.Shape and the size of the shape and size of light-emitting window and opto-electronic conversion chip 300 are mated mutually, thereby can be so that the light after hot spot transition components homogenizing can incide on the surface of opto-electronic conversion chip 300 equably, the shape of the hot spot of light-emitting window and opto-electronic conversion chip 300 is mated mutually.
Centre in the bottom surface of hot spot transition components 200 has concaveconvex structure, with the central area to hot spot transition components 200, concentrates the light of injecting to carry out scattering, for example the light of vertical incidence is carried out to scattering.For example, because the central area of hot spot transition components 200 concentrates the intensity of the light (light of vertical incidence) of injecting higher, by concaveconvex structure, to the central area of hot spot transition components 200, concentrate the light of injecting to carry out scattering, the damage of the light that can avoid central area to concentrate injecting to opto-electronic conversion chip 300, and be conducive to improve the uniformity of the light irradiation profile of opto-electronic conversion chip 300.
In an example of the present invention, the hot spot transition components can be cylindricality, and wherein the cross section of the end face of hot spot transition components, side face and bottom surface is identical.
In another example of the present invention, the bottom surface of hot spot transition components is greater than end face, and in other words, the area of the bottom surface of hot spot transition components is greater than the area of end face.Thus, less the concentrated of light that be conducive to of the light inlet of end face, and the light-emitting window of bottom surface also can meet greatly the shape and size of light-emitting window and shape and size and the mutual coupling of opto-electronic conversion chip, thereby is conducive to the light after the reflection of hot spot transition components is incided on the opto-electronic conversion chip equably.
Light converges the light incident portion 120 of assembly 100 and can make separately.Light converges light guide 130 and the hot spot transition components 200 of assembly 100 can be integrally formed, also can split form.When 200 splits of light guide 130 and hot spot transition components form, utilize optical cement by above-mentioned both bond together.
In an enforcement of the present invention, light converges the light guide 130 of assembly 100 and the material of hot spot transition components 200 is acrylic (PMMA, PolymethylMethacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate) or optical glass.In other words, light guide 130 and hot spot transition components 200 that light converges assembly 100 can adopt acrylic material to pass through the technique making of ejection formation, also can adopt optical glass material to pass through polishing, hot press forming technology making.
Opto-electronic conversion chip 300 and hot spot transition components 200 can be bonding by optical cement, the refractive index of wherein said optical cement between the refractive index of the refractive index of opto-electronic conversion chip 300 and hot spot transition components 200, thereby can be mated the refractive index of opto-electronic conversion chip 300 and hot spot transition components 200.
Opto-electronic conversion chip 300 is collected the energy of the light reflected back by photoelectric conversion component 200, and is converted into electric energy supply load equipment, drives the running of load equipment.
In an example of the present invention, opto-electronic conversion chip 300 can adopt high efficiency III-V compound semiconductor chip.
The stereochemical structure of the solar cell that the embodiment of the present invention provides can be with reference to shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.
The propagation path of light in solar cell 1000 described and in the Energy distribution at the diverse location place of spot size converter below with reference to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6.
As shown in Figure 5, light L impinges perpendicularly on light incident portion 120, the then core refraction to substrate 110 by light by light incident portion 120, and the center position to spot size converter 200 and opto-electronic conversion chip 300 places reflects.Light L is interior through Multi reflection in light guide 130, by light entrance, injects in spot size converter 200.Light L spot size converter 200 interior through Multi reflection with after carrying out evenly and shaping.
Fig. 6 shows the Energy distribution of light at light inlet, stage casing and the light-emitting window place of spot size converter 200.Particularly, light is inhomogeneous in the light irradiation profile (as shown in A1) at light inlet place, only is formed with circular hot spot in center, and lower in the light energy distribution of surrounding position.Light inlet is more even relatively for the light irradiation profile (as A2 as shown in) of light in the stage casing of spot size converter 200, and hot spot is consistent with the cross section of spot size converter substantially, but the light energy distribution of surrounding is still low than center light energy distribution.It is very even that light demonstrates light energy distribution comparatively significantly in the light irradiation profile (as shown in A3) of the light-emitting window of spot size converter 200, and the light energy distribution of surrounding position and center is more consistent.As can be seen from Figure 6, after the processing of spot size converter 200, distribution and the uniformity of light irradiation are significantly improved.Thus, the distribution of inciding the light irradiation of the light opto-electronic conversion chip 300 from light-emitting window is also uniform.
Solar cell according to the embodiment of the present invention, to converge light by the hot spot transition components and carry out Multi reflection to incide equably on the opto-electronic conversion chip, thereby can eliminate spottiness, improve significantly the distribution of opto-electronic conversion chip glazing irradiation, improve utilance and the reliability of opto-electronic conversion chip, thus electric current output characteristic and the useful life that can further strengthen the opto-electronic conversion chip.And the manufacturing process of the solar cell that the embodiment of the present invention provides is simple, manufacturing cost is low.
Although illustrated and described embodiments of the invention, for the ordinary skill in the art, be appreciated that without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention and can carry out multiple variation, modification, replacement and modification to these embodiment, scope of the present invention is by claims and be equal to and limit.
Claims (8)
1. a solar cell, is characterized in that, comprising:
Light converges assembly, and described light converges assembly sunlight is gathered, and the sunlight of described collection is converged to form and converge light, and wherein, described light converges assembly and comprises substrate;
The hot spot transition components, described hot spot transition components comprises:
End face, described end face is that transparent material is to form light entrance;
Bottom surface, described bottom surface is transparent material to form light exit, wherein, the centre of described bottom surface has the light that concaveconvex structure injects with the central area to described hot spot transition components and carries out scattering; With
Side face between described end face and described bottom surface, the material of described side face is non-transparent material, and the inwall of described side face is coated with reflector;
Wherein, described light entrance converges with described light that assembly is connected so that the described light that converges enters described spot size converter by described light entrance, and the light that converges that by reflection, described light is converged to assembly forms within described hot spot transition components carries out homogenizing and shaping so that the light after processing is launched equably according to the shape of described light exit;
The opto-electronic conversion chip, described opto-electronic conversion chip is positioned under the light exit of described hot spot transition components, and the shape and size of the shape of described opto-electronic conversion chip and size and described light exit are mated mutually.
2. solar cell as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described light converges assembly and also comprises:
Be formed on the light incident portion on described substrate, the sunlight that described smooth incident portion will vertically be injected is to the center refraction of described substrate; With
Be formed on the light guide within described substrate, described light guide is the core reflection to described substrate by the light of described smooth incident portion refraction, and wherein, the light entrance of described hot spot transition components is arranged on the core of described substrate.
3. solar cell as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, it is integrally formed that described light converges light guide and the described hot spot transition components of assembly.
4. solar cell as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described light converges the light guide of assembly and the material of described hot spot transition components is acrylic or optical glass.
5. solar cell as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, bonding by optical cement between described opto-electronic conversion chip and described hot spot transition components, and the refractive index of described optical cement is mated with the refractive index to described opto-electronic conversion chip and described hot spot transition components between the refractive index of the refractive index of described opto-electronic conversion chip and described hot spot transition components.
6. solar cell as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described hot spot transition components is cylindricality.
7. solar cell as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the bottom surface of described hot spot transition components is greater than the end face of described hot spot transition components.
8. solar cell as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, the center of described light guide is coated with reflector by described, to converge the light entrance that light is injected into described hot spot transition components.
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US5505789A (en) * | 1993-04-19 | 1996-04-09 | Entech, Inc. | Line-focus photovoltaic module using solid optical secondaries for improved radiation resistance |
WO2001024281A1 (en) * | 1999-09-30 | 2001-04-05 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh & Co. Ohg | Optoelectronic component that comprises a reflector and method for producing said component |
CN101952977A (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2011-01-19 | 弗兰霍菲尔运输应用研究公司 | Reflective secondary optics and semiconductor assembly and method for the production thereof |
WO2011011885A1 (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2011-02-03 | Morgan Solar Inc. | Light-guide solar module, method of fabrication thereof, and panel made therefrom |
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DE19549818B4 (en) * | 1995-09-29 | 2010-03-18 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Optoelectronic semiconductor device |
CN202307977U (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2012-07-04 | 王杏华 | Solar battery |
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Patent Citations (4)
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US5505789A (en) * | 1993-04-19 | 1996-04-09 | Entech, Inc. | Line-focus photovoltaic module using solid optical secondaries for improved radiation resistance |
WO2001024281A1 (en) * | 1999-09-30 | 2001-04-05 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh & Co. Ohg | Optoelectronic component that comprises a reflector and method for producing said component |
CN101952977A (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2011-01-19 | 弗兰霍菲尔运输应用研究公司 | Reflective secondary optics and semiconductor assembly and method for the production thereof |
WO2011011885A1 (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2011-02-03 | Morgan Solar Inc. | Light-guide solar module, method of fabrication thereof, and panel made therefrom |
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