CN204045608U - A kind of non-tracking concentrator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to concentrating photovoltaic power generation technical field, more specifically relates to a kind of non-tracking concentrator.This concentrator comprises transparent cabinet and solar cell, also comprises birefringece crystal and silver layer; Described transparent cabinet is the cuboid solid case body be made up of transparent material; Described birefringece crystal is regularly arranged inner at transparent cabinet; The end face of described transparent cabinet is plane of light incidence, and the outside of one of them side connects solar cell, and all the other four faces are all as reflecting surface, and the outside of described four reflectings surface is silver coated.Non-tracking concentrator light gathering efficiency described in the utility model is high, and compared with traditional tracking-mode solar concentrating device, do not need sun tracker, cost is lower.

Description

A kind of non-tracking concentrator

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of concentrator, particularly a kind of non-tracking concentrator.

Background technology

Solar energy have the restriction of clean, No Assets region, concerning the mankind forever without good characteristics such as exhaustions, be more and more subject to the favor of people, wherein solar energy photovoltaic utilization and the sunlight technology that is directly changed into electric energy by photovoltaic device is especially noticeable.

At present, a complete light gathering photovoltaic power generating system mainly comprises several parts such as photovoltaic concentrator module, sun tracker, power storage or contravariant equipment.Photovoltaic concentrator module, as photoelectric conversion part, formed with the circuit board being provided with photovoltaic battery wafers primarily of transmission-type or reflection-type beam condenser.Collector lens is made substantially just to sunniness direction by sun tracker during use, then respectively sunlight converged by these collector lenses and project on the receiving plane of photovoltaic battery wafers corresponding with each collector lens on circuit board, thus making generation current in each photovoltaic battery wafers, these electric currents are exported by the circuit on circuit board.

Chinese invention patent CN101640502B discloses a kind of method for assembling optical collector photoelectrical solar cell array, and what photovoltaic concentrator module disclosed in it adopted is a light-focusing Fresnel lens, has representativeness.But such concentrator is operationally, all need to be arranged on tracker, tracker occupies sizable cost proportion in concentrating solar photovoltaic system, and complex structure, failure rate is high, and installation and maintenance difficulty, constrains the development of condensation photovoltaic greatly.

Summary of the invention

Goal of the invention of the present utility model is: for prior art Problems existing, provides a kind of non-tracking concentrator.This concentrator is a kind of non-tracking formula solar concentrator, is only made up of transparent cabinet, birefringece crystal, solar cell and silver layer.Non-tracking concentrator light gathering efficiency described in the utility model is high, and compared with traditional tracking-mode solar concentrating device, cost is lower.

To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is:

Non-tracking concentrator described in the utility model, comprises transparent cabinet and solar cell, also comprises birefringece crystal and silver layer; Described transparent cabinet is the cuboid solid case body be made up of transparent material; Described birefringece crystal is regularly arranged inner at transparent cabinet; The end face of described transparent cabinet is plane of light incidence, and the outside of one of them side connects solar cell, and all the other four faces are all as reflecting surface, and the outside of described four reflectings surface is silver coated.

In non-tracking concentrator described in the utility model, using the end face of transparent cabinet as plane of light incidence, the outside of one of them side connects solar cell, and for receiving sunlight, the upper silver layer of outside plating in all the other four faces, as reflecting surface.When light is injected from the plane of incidence, run into birefringece crystal and can be separated into ordinary light o light (the D vector parallel of light wave is in optical axis direction) and extraordinary ray e light (the D vector normal of light wave is in optical axis direction).An o light part, by Systemic absorption, is converted to heat, and a part penetrates from the plane of incidence after scattering many times.And e light is due to its particularity in principal section of crystal, namely e optical index can change along with the difference of incident angle, through birefringece crystal straightline propagation on a special direction, and can not change the direction of propagation of e light; Regularly arranged due to birefringece crystal, e light will directly be passed to the bottom surface of transparent cabinet, through reflection again through birefringece crystal, until arrive solar cell.Because non-tracking concentrator described in the utility model inherently needs light to break up as all directions, therefore for incident light, do not need to consider its directivity, namely all can be absorbed from the light of all directions incidence, thus realize the object not needing sun tracker.

Preferably, the optical axis of described birefringece crystal is all parallel to plane of light incidence.Preferably, the refractive index of described transparent cabinet is the refractive index of 1.52, o light in birefringece crystal be the refractive index of 1.618, e light in birefringece crystal is 1.843.Fig. 1 is the propagation schematic diagram of e light in crystal.As shown in Figure 1, the propagation equation of Kristall light light is:

$\tan \left(\mathrm{\α}\right)=\frac{n_e^2}{n_o^2}\tan \left(\mathrm{\β}\right)---\left(1\right)$

$n\sin \left(\mathrm{\Φ}\right)=\frac{\sqrt{n_o^2{\cos }^2\left(\mathrm{\β}\right)+n_e^2{\sin }^2\left(\mathrm{\β}\right)}}{\cos (\mathrm{\α}-\mathrm{\β})}\cos (\mathrm{\θ}+\mathrm{\α})---\left(2\right)$

$\mathrm{\ξ}=\arcsin \left(\frac{1}{n}\right)---\left(3\right)$

β＝90°-Φ (4)

In above-mentioned formula (1) ~ formula (4), n is the refractive index of transparent cabinet reflecting surface, n _o, n _ethe refractive index of o light and e light in birefringece crystal respectively, θ is the angle of birefringece crystal optical axis and the plane of incidence, φ is the incidence angle of light at the plane of incidence, α is the angle of e wave normal and birefringece crystal optical axis, β is the angle of e light light and birefringece crystal optical axis, and ξ is the angle of total reflection of reflecting surface.Because the optical axis of birefringece crystal is parallel with the plane of incidence, therefore θ is 0.Known further, as n, n _oand n _eone timing, by publicity (1) ~ (4), can draw the angle α of e wave normal and birefringece crystal optical axis and the angle β of e light light and birefringece crystal optical axis.By preferably above, make the angle of total reflection ξ of concentrator reflecting surface described in the utility model be 41.14 °, namely during β≤48.86 °, total reflection will occur.Below preferably make β=41.98 °, be less than 48.86 °, can meet the requirement and optically focused that form total reflection, light gathering efficiency is higher.

Due to except the plane of incidence be connected with except the side of solar cell, all the other 4 faces of transparent cabinet are all as reflecting surface, and be scattered within the scope of certain angle there is randomness, the condition meeting e linear propagation of light is arrived solar cell again by the light therefore in a three-dimensional sphere in some spatial angle range, improves its focusing ratio further.

Preferably, described birefringece crystal adopts liquid crystal molecule to fill.Select liquid crystal molecule to fill as birefringece crystal, the arrangement of birefringece crystal can be made more regular.

Preferably, described birefringece crystal is of a size of wavelength magnitude.When light wave runs into the birefringece crystal particulate of wavelength magnitude, a meter formula scattering can occur, the scattering degree of Mie scattering and wavelength have nothing to do, and its direction is controlled.

Preferably, described birefringece crystal is 300 ~ 2000 layers in vertical direction, horizontal direction is 500 ~ 3000 layers.When the quantity of birefringece crystal is less than 300 layers in vertical direction, horizontal direction is less than 500 layers, light loss can be caused to increase due to the deficiency of scattering imaging; When the quantity unnecessary 2000 layers in vertical direction of birefringece crystal, in the horizontal direction more than 3000 layers, a part of light can be made from plane of incidence injection after Multiple Scattering, thus reduce light gathering efficiency.

Preferably, the side that described outside is connected with solar cell is the face that in transparent cabinet six faces, area is minimum, can obtain higher focusing ratio.

Preferably, described solar cell is bonded together by the outside of high transparency silica gel and a transparent cabinet side, can improve the light gathering efficiency of solar cell further.

In sum, owing to have employed technique scheme, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

(1) non-tracking concentrator described in the utility model is only made up of transparent cabinet, birefringece crystal and solar cell and silver layer, and described transparent cabinet is except end face and the side that is connected with solar cell, and all the other four sides are reflecting surface.For incident light, do not need to consider its directivity, namely all can be absorbed from the light of all directions incidence, therefore not need sun tracker, compared with traditional tracking-mode solar concentrating device, cost is lower.

(2) in non-tracking concentrator described in the utility model, the crystallographic axis of birefringece crystal is all parallel with reflecting surface, pass through Material selec-tion simultaneously, control the refractive index of reflecting surface and the refractive index of birefringece crystal, the direction of propagation of e light is exceeded or equals the angle of total reflection of reflecting surface, e light is at transparent cabinet internal communication to solar cell, and light gathering efficiency is higher.

(3) transparent cabinet described in the utility model arranges four reflectings surface, and the light in a three-dimensional sphere in some spatial angle range meets again the condition of e linear propagation of light and arrives solar cell after continuous scattering, further increases light gathering efficiency.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the propagation schematic diagram of e light in crystal.

Fig. 2 is the structural representation that direction overlooked by non-tracking concentrator.

Fig. 3 is the front view of transparent cabinet.

Mark in figure: 1-transparent cabinet, 2-solar cell, 3-birefringece crystal, 4-silver layer.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in detail.

In order to make the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the utility model, and be not used in restriction the utility model.

Embodiment 1

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, non-tracking concentrator described in the present embodiment is by transparent cabinet 1, solar cell 2, birefringece crystal 3 and silver layer 4 form, described transparent cabinet 1 is the solid case body be made up of ultrawhite toughened glass (n=1.52), in rectangular-shaped, length is respectively 60mm, 30mm and 20mm.The end face of transparent cabinet 1 is the plane of incidence, and it is inner that sunlight injects transparent cabinet 1 from the plane of incidence; The outside of left surface connects solar cell 2 by high transparency silica gel, and wherein left surface is the one side that in cuboid 6 faces, area is minimum; The mode silver coated 4 of outside by electroplating in all the other four faces, as reflecting surface.It is inner that described birefringece crystal 3 is arranged in transparent cabinet 1 regularly, adopts liquid crystal molecule to fill as birefringece crystal 3, wherein n _o=1.618, n _e=1.843; The quantity of birefringece crystal 3, for being 300 ~ 2000 layers in vertical direction, is 500 ~ 3000 layers in the horizontal direction.The optical axis of birefringece crystal 3 is all parallel to the plane of incidence.

By n=1.52, n _o=1.618, n _e=1.843, θ=0 brings formula (1) and (2) into, draws β=41.98 ° of the present embodiment.And known according to formula (3), the angle of total reflection ξ of the present embodiment reflecting surface is 41.14 °.Also that is to say, when incidence angle φ >=41.14 °, namely during β≤48.86 °, total reflection will occur, light can not from reflecting surface and plane of incidence outgoing.β=41.98 ° of the present embodiment, are less than 48.86 °, and therefore non-tracking concentrator described in the present embodiment can meet the requirement and optically focused that form total reflection.Under described in the present embodiment, non-tracking concentrator is placed in sunlight, the light on ° direction, β=41.98 all can arrive solar cell, and light gathering efficiency is high.

The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model; not in order to limit the utility model; all do within spirit of the present utility model and principle any amendment, equivalent to replace and improvement etc., all should be included within protection range of the present utility model.

Claims (8)

1. a non-tracking concentrator, comprises transparent cabinet and solar cell, it is characterized in that: also comprise birefringece crystal and silver layer; Described transparent cabinet is the cuboid solid case body be made up of transparent material; Described birefringece crystal is regularly arranged inner at transparent cabinet; The end face of described transparent cabinet is plane of light incidence, and the outside of one of them side connects solar cell, and all the other four faces are all as reflecting surface, and the outside of described four reflectings surface is silver coated.

2. non-tracking concentrator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the optical axis of described birefringece crystal is all parallel to plane of light incidence.

3. non-tracking concentrator according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the refractive index of described transparent cabinet is the refractive index of 1.52, o light in birefringece crystal be the refractive index of 1.618, e light in birefringece crystal is 1.843.

4. non-tracking concentrator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described birefringece crystal adopts liquid crystal molecule to fill.

5. non-tracking concentrator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described birefringece crystal is of a size of wavelength magnitude.

6. non-tracking concentrator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described birefringece crystal is 300 ~ 2000 layers in vertical direction, is 500 ~ 3000 layers in the horizontal direction.

7. non-tracking concentrator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the side that described outside is connected with solar cell is the face that in transparent cabinet six faces, area is minimum.

8. non-tracking concentrator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described solar cell is bonded together by the outside of high transparency silica gel and a transparent cabinet side.