CN102195717B - Quantum communication system compatible with laser communication - Google Patents
Quantum communication system compatible with laser communication Download PDFInfo
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- CN102195717B CN102195717B CN201110135625.5A CN201110135625A CN102195717B CN 102195717 B CN102195717 B CN 102195717B CN 201110135625 A CN201110135625 A CN 201110135625A CN 102195717 B CN102195717 B CN 102195717B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a satellite-to-ground quantum communication system compatible with classic laser communication. When completing the establishing of a communication link with a ground terminal and carrying out satellite-to-ground quantum communication, the system used as a satellite load can perform satellite-to-ground classic laser communication with the same ground terminal at the same time. The invention also discloses a device for realizing satellite-to-ground quantum communication and laser communication simultaneously. The device comprises an optical telescope, a rough tracking turntable, a fine tracking quick pointing mirror, a color separation film, a quantum communication narrow bandpass filter, a quantum communication module, a splitting prism, a fine tracking camera, a laser communication narrow bandpass filter and a laser communication module; based on a wavelength difference between single photons for quantum communication and signal light for classic laser communication, the color separation mirror is used for performing special separation on the single photons and the signal light so as to design a reasonable and feasible light-machine structure; and thus, satellite-to-ground quantum communication and laser communication can be realized simultaneously by using one set of optical transmit-receive system and tracking and scanning system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to star ground optical communication field, be specifically related to the quantum communication system of the classical laser communication of a kind of compatibility.This system can make to carry out quantum communications and laser communication between the same set of optical transmitting and receiving system of the passing of satelline and Tracking and pointing system (comprising thick tracking and essence tracking) and ground based terminal simultaneously.
Background technology
Satellite-ground quantum communication technology and star ground laser communication technology are all focuses of current new international research, and current multiple countries, all in the planned development of carrying out laser communication satellite and quantum communications satellite, carry out star ground laser communication and quantum communications test.
Classical laser communication and the difference of quantum communications are its communications carrier, the carrier of laser communication is the light laser signal through coding, and the carrier of quantum communications is the single photon signals through coding, the two is distinguished in the apparatus and method of reception and encoding and decoding to some extent in the generation of Communication ray.Therefore existing star ground laser communication device or quantum communications device are all designed to independently satellite load, and a covering device can only be realized a kind of function in laser communication or quantum communications.
Star ground laser communication device and quantum communications device have again some similarities in design.The two all needs optics reception and emitter to communicate the transmitting-receiving of light, and due to the high speed relative motion between satellite and ground, the two all needs to catch, and follows the tracks of, and sighting device carries out foundation and the maintenance of stabilized communication link.Because the cost of satellite load is huge, especially bigbore optical transmitting and receiving device and high accuracy Acquisition tracking and pointing device, its realization has higher technical difficulty, need to drop into a large amount of manpower and materials; The simultaneously space resources on satellite, electric power resource and and ground station between orbit time resource all very valuable.Therefore, for satellite load, if can use same set of optical transmitting and receiving device and Acquisition tracking and pointing device, in the time once crossing rail together, carry out laser communication and quantum communications simultaneously and between ground based terminal, realize the function of two cover satellite load, can save huge cost and satellite resource, complete more communication function, its beneficial effect is quite obvious.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to that satellite quantum communications load is had simultaneously and realize the ability of star ground laser communication, the device of inventing can use same set of optical transmitting and receiving system and Acquisition tracking and pointing system, realize quantum communications and laser communication between star ground simultaneously, complete the function of two cover satellite load.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
This device is by optical telescope 1, thick tracking table 2, and essence is followed the tracks of and is pointed to fast mirror 3, color separation film 4, quantum communications narrow band pass filter 5, quantum communications module 6, Amici prism 7, essence is followed the tracks of camera 8, and laser is logical
Letter narrow band pass filter 9 and laser communication module 10 form.
Described optical telescope 1 is autocollimator or achromatic transmission-type telescope, as reception and the reflector of quantum communications and laser communication; Described thick tracking table 2 is two-dimentional turntable, by stepping motor or torque motor control, can on level and pitching both direction, rotate; Described essence is followed the tracks of and is pointed to fast mirror 3 for to be made up of moving component and optical mirror fixed thereon, speculum can (in 3 degree) do angular movement fast under the drive of moving component in small angle range, and moving component is piezoelectric ceramic or voice coil motor; The wave band reflection of described color separation film 4 to quantum communications single photon, to the wave band transmission of laser communication flashlight; Described quantum communications narrow band pass filter 5 is narrow band pass filter conventional on optics, to the wave band transmission of living in of quantum communications single photon, its all band is carried out to filtering; Described quantum communications module 6 is for carrying out the transmitting-receiving of quantum communications single photon, the module of coding and decoding work; Described Amici prism 7 divides and carries out transmission and reflection incident light according to the energy proportion of 8:2; It is technical grade CMOS or the CCD cameras with camera lens that described essence is followed the tracks of camera 8, and its function is that incident light is carried out to imaging, calculates incident direction of light according to the centroid position of imaging facula; Described laser communication narrow band pass filter 9 is narrow band pass filter conventional on optics, and it only allows the wave band of laser communication flashlight to see through, and the light of other wavelength is carried out to filtering; Described laser communication module 10 is for to receive transmitting to laser communication light signal, the module of coding and decoding.
Essence is followed the tracks of and is pointed to fast mirror 3, color separation film 4, quantum communications narrow band pass filter 5, quantum communications module 6, Amici prism 7, essence is followed the tracks of camera 8, laser communication narrow band pass filter 9 and laser communication module 10 are positioned in the rear light path of optical telescope 1, component in optical telescope 1 and thereafter light path is installed on thick tracking table 2, drive and can realize two-dimensional rotary by thick tracking table 2, in the time of satellite motion, thick tracking table control optics is received telescopical bore directed towards ground terminal all the time, can and ground between carry out reception and the transmitting of quantum communications and laser communication.
System laser communication mode of operation is as follows: when system receiving optical signals, after being received by the optical telescope 1 in system from the Communication ray in a distant place, enter light path thereafter, in rear light path, first being followed the tracks of sensing mirror 3 fast by essence reflects, enter color separation film 4, color separation film carries out transmission to laser communication place wavelength, enter Amici prism 7, the reverberation of Amici prism has been used for tracking aiming as the beacon beam of this communication system, enter essence and follow the tracks of camera 8, imaging on camera, control circuit calculates the centroid position of essence tracking camera imaging hot spot, and then calculate the yawing moment of light path, closed-loop control essence is followed the tracks of the piezoelectric ceramic or the voice coil motor that point to fast mirror 3, drive optical mirror to carry out deflection, light is introduced to the center of essence tracking camera.In light path design, make quantum communications module 6 and laser communication module 10 all coaxial with the center of essence tracking camera, essence is followed the tracks of sensing mirror fast and also light path has been introduced to quantum communications module 6 and laser communication module 10 simultaneously, adjust the rear light path of whole communication system, completed the process of smart tracking aiming.The transmitted light of Amici prism is as the reception light of laser communication, enter laser communication narrow band pass filter 9, filtering may bring after the various stray lights of impact laser communication, enters laser communication module 10, the laser communication flashlight receiving is decoded, complete laser communication receiving course.When system utilizing emitted light signal, the Communication ray that the optical communications module 10 of system is launched, through laser communication narrow band pass filter 9, after the transmission of Amici prism 7 and color separation film 4, is followed the tracks of the quick mirror 3 that points to by essence and is reflected, and is transmitted to remote outer receiving terminal by optical telescope 1.
System quantum communication operation mode is as follows: when system receives quantum light signal, after being received by optical telescope 1 from the quantum communications single photon in a distant place, enter light path thereafter, in rear light path, first followed the tracks of sensing mirror 3 reflections fast by essence and enter color separation film 4, color separation film reflects the residing wave band of quantum communications, enters quantum communications narrow band pass filter 5, after filtering stray light, enter quantum communication module 6, carry out decode procedure, complete the reception of quantum communications.When system transmitting quantum light signal, the single photon that quantum communications module 6 is sent, after quantum communications narrow band pass filter 5, entered essence by color separation film 4 reflections and follow the tracks of sensing mirror 3 fast, follow the tracks of and point to fast mirror reflection through essence again, launched by optical telescope 1, received by remote outer receiving terminal.
The workflow that whole device is realized satellite-ground quantum communication and laser communication is as follows:
1. ground based terminal is used for the single photon of quantum communications and the Communication ray for laser communication according to the orbit prediction of satellite to satellite launch.
2. on satellite, the thick tracking table of this device drives optical telescope to rotate, and makes the bore directed towards ground terminal of optical telescope, and ground-launched single photon and Communication ray reception are entered to rear light path.
3. the Communication ray of laser communication is after Amici prism, and a part is reflected and enters essence tracking camera, and essence is followed the tracks of camera and followed the tracks of the quick mirror that points to according to the Position Control essence of imaging facula, adjusts optical path direction, completes essence and follows the tracks of.
4. ground is being followed the tracks of and is being pointed to fast after mirror through essence to the quantum communications single photon of launching on star, the overwhelming majority is reflected by dichronic mirror, through narrow band pass filter, enters quantum communication module, received and decode by quantum communications module, facing the quantum communications of satellite with completing; Or the single photon by the transmitting of quantum communications module through coding, is reflected by dichronic mirror, by optical telescope transmitting earthward from star, received by ground based terminal, complete the quantum communications of satellite to ground.
5. ground is being followed the tracks of and is being pointed to fast after mirror through essence to the flashlight of the laser communication of launching on star, and the overwhelming majority, by dichronic mirror transmission, through narrow band pass filter, is received and decodes by laser communication module, in the face of the laser communication of satellite with completing; Or by laser communication module transmitting Communication ray on star, see through dichronic mirror, by optical telescope transmitting earthward from star, received by ground based terminal, complete the laser communication of satellite to ground.
6. quantum communications and laser communication do not interfere with each other, and through in the time of ground station, can realize quantum communications and laser communication between satellite and ground at satellite orbit simultaneously.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 provides the system construction drawing of apparatus of the present invention.In figure, 1 is optical telescope, and 2 is thick tracking table, and 3 is that essence is followed the tracks of sensing mirror fast, and 4 is dichronic mirror, 5 is quantum communications narrow band pass filter, and 6 is quantum communications module, and 7 is Amici prism, 8 is that essence is followed the tracks of camera, and 9 is laser communication narrow band pass filter, and 10 is laser communication module.
Embodiment
Provide a specific embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1.In this example, quantum communications adopt the single photon that wavelength is 850nm, and laser communication adopts the Communication ray that wavelength is 1550nm.Optical telescope is designed to achromatic transmission-type telescope.Thick tracking table uses two stepping motors to drive, and optical telescope and whole rear light path are all arranged on thick tracking table.Thick tracking table, according to satellite orbital position and ground station position, is controlled orientation and the pitch rotation of optical telescope, completes the thick sensing of optical telescope to ground communication ends on satellite.In telescopical rear light path, essence is followed the tracks of sensing mirror fast and is made up of voice coil motor and plane mirror fixed thereon.This example adopts the FSM330 type voice coil motor of newport company, can realize that under the control of the signal of telecommunication, to drive speculum to complete amplitude peak be that the quick angle of 2.62 ° changes.The control circuit that essence is followed the tracks of is followed the tracks of the motion of the light spot image control voice coil motor on camera according to essence, adjust optical path direction, and the center that light path introducing essence is followed the tracks of to camera is also the center of laser communication module and quantum communications module simultaneously.Essence in this example is followed the tracks of camera and is used high frame frequency cmos detector to complete the detection of hot spot.After essence is followed the tracks of, color separation film is designed to the quantum communications single photon of 850nm wave band to reflect, and the laser communication Communication ray of 1550nm wave band is carried out to transmission, and light path is divided into quantum communications light path and laser communication light path two parts.
In quantum communications light path, by narrow band pass filter, stray light is carried out to filtering, this narrow band pass filter centre wavelength is 850nm, cut off band width is 10nm, wavelength is that the single photon of 850nm can see through this filter, enters quantum communication module, faces the quantum communications process of satellite with completing.Also can, by the single photon of quantum communication module transmitting process quantum coding, through quantum communications light path, be launched earthward by optical telescope, complete the quantum communications process of satellite to ground.
In laser communication light path, first Communication ray passes through Amici prism.Amici prism is designed to transmissivity 80%, and reflectivity 20% (ideal situation, actual Amici prism has a small amount of energy loss), 80% of incident light energy enters laser communication module through this prism, and other energy reflection enters essence and follows the tracks of camera.On its reflected light path, use essence to follow the tracks of camera it is carried out to imaging.On its transmitted light path, by narrow band pass filter, stray light is carried out to filtering, this narrow band pass filter centre wavelength is 1550nm, cut off band width is 10nm, wavelength is that the laser communication Communication ray of 1550nm can see through this filter, enter laser communication module, face the laser communication process of satellite with completing.Also can, by the Communication ray of laser communication module transmitting process coding, through laser communication light path, be launched earthward by optical telescope, complete the laser communication process of satellite to ground.
Claims (7)
1. the satellite-ground quantum communication system of the classical laser communication of compatibility, it follows the tracks of camera (8), laser communication narrow band pass filter (9) and laser communication module (10) formation by optical telescope (1), thick tracking table (2), the quick sensing of essence tracking mirror (3), color separation film (4), quantum communications narrow band pass filter (5), quantum communications module (6), Amici prism (7), essence, it is characterized in that:
It is that 80% reflectivity is that 20% Amici prism (7), smart camera (8), laser communication narrow band pass filter (9) and the laser communication module (10) of following the tracks of are positioned in the rear light path of optical telescope (1) that essence is followed the tracks of sensing mirror (3), color separation film (4), quantum communications narrow band pass filter (5), quantum communications module (6), transmissivity fast, and the component in optical telescope (1) and thereafter light path is arranged on thick tracking table (2);
System laser communication mode of operation is as follows: when system receiving optical signals, after being received by the optical telescope in system (1) from the Communication ray of remote outer transmitting terminal, enter light path thereafter, in rear light path, first followed the tracks of and point to fast mirror (3) reflection by essence, enter color separation film (4), color separation film carries out transmission to laser communication place wavelength, enter Amici prism (7), the reverberation of Amici prism has been used for tracking aiming as the beacon beam of this communication system, enter essence and follow the tracks of camera (8), imaging on camera, control circuit calculates the centroid position of essence tracking camera imaging hot spot, and then calculate the yawing moment of light path, closed-loop control essence is followed the tracks of the piezoelectric ceramic or the voice coil motor that point to fast mirror (3), drive optical mirror to carry out deflection, adjust the rear light path of whole communication system, complete smart tracking aiming work, the transmitted light of Amici prism is as the reception light of laser communication, enter laser communication narrow band pass filter (9), filtering may bring after the various stray lights of impact laser communication, enter laser communication module (10), the laser communication flashlight receiving is decoded, complete laser communication receiving course, when system utilizing emitted light signal, the Communication ray of optical communications module (10) transmitting of system is through laser communication narrow band pass filter (9), after the transmission of Amici prism (7) and color separation film (4), followed the tracks of and point to fast mirror (3) reflection by essence, be transmitted to remote outer receiving terminal by optical telescope (1),
System quantum communication operation mode is as follows: when system receives quantum light signal, after being received by optical telescope (1) from the quantum communications single photon of remote outer transmitting terminal, enter light path thereafter, in rear light path, first followed the tracks of and point to fast mirror (3) reflection by essence, enter color separation film (4), color separation film reflects the residing wave band of quantum communications, enter quantum communications narrow band pass filter (5), after filtering stray light, enter quantum communication module (6), carry out decode procedure, complete the reception of quantum communications; When system transmitting quantum light signal, the single photon that quantum communications module (6) is sent, after quantum communications narrow band pass filter (5), entered essence by color separation film (4) reflection and follow the tracks of sensing mirror (3) fast, follow the tracks of and point to fast mirror reflection through essence again, launched by optical telescope (1), received by remote outer receiving terminal.
2. the satellite-ground quantum communication system of the classical laser communication of a kind of compatibility according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the single photon wavelength that described quantum communications module (6) is used is not identical with the communication light wavelength that laser communication module (10) is used.
3. the satellite-ground quantum communication system of the classical laser communication of a kind of compatibility according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described optical telescope (1) is autocollimator or achromatic transmission-type telescope.
4. the satellite-ground quantum communication system of the classical laser communication of a kind of compatibility according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described thick tracking table (2) is two-dimentional turntable, by stepping motor or torque motor control, can on level and pitching both direction, rotate.
5. the satellite-ground quantum communication system of the classical laser communication of a kind of compatibility according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described essence is followed the tracks of and pointed to fast mirror (3) for to be made up of moving component and optical mirror fixed thereon, speculum can do angular movement fast in the small angle range in 3 degree under the drive of moving component, and moving component is piezoelectric ceramic or voice coil motor.
6. the satellite-ground quantum communication system of the classical laser communication of a kind of compatibility according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the wave band reflection of described color separation film (4) to quantum communications single photon, and to the wave band transmission of laser communication flashlight.
7. the satellite-ground quantum communication system of the classical laser communication of a kind of compatibility according to claim 1, is characterized in that: it is technical grade CMOS or the CCD camera with camera lens that described essence is followed the tracks of camera (8).
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Effective date of registration: 20201204 Address after: Room 1205-b6, no.968, yi228 Memorial Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 200441 Patentee after: Shanghai Guoke Hangxing Quantum Technology Co., Ltd Address before: 200083 No. 500, Yutian Road, Shanghai Patentee before: Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences |